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•X- 4 Care of London's Statues Stirs Public Opinion Jet Black "Queen EJirabeth" Revives Controversy Ovei* Who Shall Scrub Monuments Xx>ndon-^'I%a old question ot tbe r«- •ponslblltlj tor th« wasblag ot Lon- don's sUtueg has come up again, this time In connecton with the statue ot Queen Elizabeth In the iwrch of &t Dunstan'g-ln-Uie-West. Fleet Street. Ot the 200 statues of men and tbe Qt- teen statues of women In the Ltondon area, this Is the ouir statue of Ene- clla. In this case tb» Irrlnf statue U believed to b« either under the It. O. C. or tbe Westminster Council, while tbs Nurse Carell statue near br, the shiniest and cleanest statue In I Tn ~was' don^ in the'Vprl^gTometlme account of tbe experiments Is given la a new bulletin on Manures and Fertillsera available at the Publlca- tlans Branch, Department ot Agricul- ture, Ottawa. Clover was sown In the spring with wheat, barley and oats at the rate ot 10 pounds per acre. On the check plots the grain was sown without flover. Wlxen tbe crop ot the toUowIng year was to be grain the plots were ploughed about the middle of October, but when corn or potatoes were to be grown the plougb- aU of outdoor London, Is known to be after th« n,ldHi« ^f m« v „ w V I "**' °° ^"^ opposite edge. This tor- under the Office of Works. ?,"!'. ^^. ^.''j*'* "/ ^"^ ''''*." tl** matlon of the feather seems to be a under the Office of Works It Is apparently true that there are statues here and there In Loadoa land's great queen. Once It adorned \ whose ownership Is difficult to trace the old Ludgate at tbe foot ot I,ud- gate Hill, Bud, oliice it was carved slsts to move It forward In the air. This view is based on the fact that t^e feathers In tbe wings are ot suoh conformation that they automatically assume attitudes In flight that give the bird a point ot resistance against which It can press the wing back an4 so get a falcrum, as it were, from which to move forward. Examination of the master feathers ot a bird's wing will show the web on one edge of the feather to be much longer, measured from tbe shaft, than that on the opposite edge. This for Soviet Plans New Railroads To Tap Interior of Asia Russian Lines in Operation Now Exceed the Pre- War Total. But Freight Carried Is Much Less The efforts of Soviet Russia to be counted among the big railroading countries of the world are set forth la from white marble. It was presumably once white Kver slues it was re- moved to St. DutiHtau'i, however, it has been jet black. The I.dudon Couuty Council, the clover had made a heavy growth Tbe results lu the case ot grain showed that ploughing down the clover In the fall caused a remarkable and for whose upkeep nobody seems increase in the yield of grain and to be responsible. The best known ! straw for two succeeding crops The statues In outdoor London are under increases for potatoes and corn when the care ot the Office ot Works, which ^ the clover was ploughed down In May, took them over under the Public while not so pronounced as for grain, Statue* act ot 1854, with a list of , were quite large.â€" Issued bv the DI- those for whioh It would In the future rector ot Publicity, Dominion Departr Office of Works aud the City Corpor- 1 be responsible. The act also provid- ': ment ot Agriculture, Ottawa. atlon alike disclaim responsibility. I ed that the owners of any statues not I #' It is true that the weather this Win- j Included In the list could transfer ter has been giving a daily dousing | them to the Offlce of Works with the to all the outdoor statues In Ixiudon, ' consent ot tbe Treasury, and that for but in Queen Kllzabetb's case this ap- , the future no publlo statue could be parent ly is far from enough. â-  ' erected without the consent ot the The kain© qucstlou has occurred be- Office ot Works. fore In connection with the statue ot , Only fifteen statues were in the William Pitt In Hanover Square. So- orlglual list, but the Offlce of Works ' Oka-i-ver body seems to kuow whether tbe Is now responsible for about fifty County Council, the Offlce of Works statues In London alone, among them or the descendants of I'itt are tbe re- l>eing those la Parliament Square and spunKiblo pers4Mis. The same ques- , Trafalgar Square (Including Nelson's lion might also be asked coucernlag Column) and the Duke of York's Milton in St. Giles's curchyard, i Column, to whose cost every soldier Crlpp'.epate. He was pure and white ' In the Britlsbi Army contributed be- when he was put up in ia04, but In . tore its completion In 1834. 1928 he "streaked with rich London I The L. C. C Is responsible for 'nost ; {VJachine Is Able to Generate brown and black. Who washes of the memorials along the Embank- », r, i -r-. him? Tbe status of Sir Henry Irving ment, including Cleopatra's Needle' behind the National Qallery has also and the Belgian group. It Is also achieved notorietjr for its dirt. In responsible for the Gladstone statue! fact. It was once tho subject of a In the Strand. The Victoria Memorial I question in the House ot Commons, In front of Buckingham Palace Is un- and the Office of Works replied that der the Oflico of Works and so Is the j ter (N.Y.) Democrat and Chronicle" the reason ^ome London statues were statue of William HI In St. James's ! on the flight of birds, writes Edmond clean was ibnt iliey belonged to the Square, whose ownership remained ] Redmond to that newspaper, reminds Office of Works, the dirty ones pre- ! doubtful until the residents around me of observations conducted tor . a iumubly being those abandoned to tho square took the matter into heir | long period under favorable condl- the tender mercies of the London own hands and asked he Office of ! tlons on the same topic. Kxperlments County Council and the borough coun- Works to take charge ot It. Bird's Speed Seen as Due to Wings' Upstroke Indorses Views Held b^ Another Investiga- tor After Studying Fea- thers; Act as Valves in Flight Like Airplane Propeller lachine Is Able to Genera More Power and Tlius Attain Greater Flying Speed An article published In "The Rocher- provision of nature whereby the wing operates as a combination of valves to open and shut as the wing moves up or down. When the bird launches itself into the air for a flight the wings ar« spread to give a bearing surface on the air beneath the wing. The web on the lower edge of the feather rests against the shaft fo the feather above it and, being sustained by the shaft, forms a cloud valve through which the air cannot pass when pressed by the wing In its down- ward sweep. The air under the wing then becomes momentarily sustaining to the bird and prevents It from fall- ing, for the stroke of the wing Is so rapid that the air under it has not time to move away before the wing has Imparted its Impulse and reacted to support the bird In flight. The onward motion ot the bird which it obtains from the upward stroke ot the wing, seems to be de- rived from the flexibility of the web on tbe lower half ot the feather. The a recent publlcati<Mi by the New York Central Lines. Before ths W<n>ld War Russia had 42,600 mUee of rail- way In operation. She was }uat then entering upon a rallway-buUdlng era. But the war Interrupted the program, and before peace was eetablshed a quarter of the trackage bad been de- stroyed, Including nearly 8,000 railway bridges. By 1921 only a few hundred serviceable locomotives were left. Freight' cars had been commandeered for homes or split up into firewood. The cushion covers from passedger cars were worn on men's backs and (ne seats were used as household chairs. Recently, however, tbe mileage has been Increased to 4S0 miles past ths 1914 figure^ Eight new short lines have been laid, and work has begun on plans tor opening up new territory. A tew American locomotives have been, bought as models, and delega- tions are being sent frequently to the United States to study operation methods. The Diesel electric engine has ap- peared, and two new bridge-building upstrokes ot the distended wing tend plants are projected. Halt Russia's to bind the web at an angle with the | old bridges will have to be replaced within the next Ave years, It Is cal- culated. Siberia is the scene of most ot the I nhls place and made observations on the subject as It related to his par- ticular district. It was generally agreed that both towns and cities are In ot jlj) Farm Notes Care of Breeding Turkeys. To Ret turkeys laying at the proper •eaHon requires experience. It Is Im- portant to know just when to begin feo-ilng for egg production. Accord- ing to a Dominion Department ot Ag- riculture bulletin on the Care and Management of Turkeys forcing for laying should be begun as soon as the weather becomes really springlike and laying should commence about the nidiiie of April in Eastern Canada and Boniewhat sooner In the West, et'pecially in Bi'itlsh Columbia. Kggs laid too early have to bo held loo long before setting. V.'lu'u the spring feeding starts the br.';o«!iiiK lurkeyH Khould be given grain twice dully, morning and oven- lag, uiiii at iiAon a feed of wet mash j coni;»os»'(l of efjual parts of brun, sbnrta, Rioiiiiil outs and cornmeal with sour Bl.iiii milk to moisten. Only the quantity that tjie birds will dean up readily bhouid be given at each feed- ing. Tho noon mash Khould be Htart- ed aiiout a w. .-•k later than the extra feed of grain. It is assumod that the tuikejH iiave rucelved only one feed of grain daily dwriiiK tho winter. Grit and oyster hhell sliouid, of course, al- ways be provided. Raton* for Big Egg Yields. Some px.-ellent egg-laying records have i>e« n made at the Lothbrldge, j Albcria. Kxporluiental Station. A re- cord of ilin-e hundred eggs was made by one iii'ii. while twenty-seven pro- duced two bundre<l and Hfty eggs or more, and one hundred and four ex- cefdiil t ••â- â- o hundreil eggs In the year. To ol<iain such records it was neces- sary to follow a very careful system ! urban municipalities and other or- of feeding. The winter scratch ra- ganizations Interested lu urban beautl- tlon was made up of two parts of flcatlon, aud the press, wheat and one part each of cracked I And that this committee consist ot corn anA crubliod oats. A very small ^ H. J. Moore, Secretary In Hortlcul- portion ot this fi-od was thrown In the; ture. Chairman; C. J. Symons, Presl- lltter In tlio morning to start tho birds ' dont of tho Belleville Horticultural e.xcrctsin):;. Tlie balance of the '. Society; J. B. Spencer, Ottawa; 3. B. Bcrat'-h feed was given about ouo | McCready, Toronto; and Professor A. hour previous to the birds eoing to rooHt. .\ dry mash which was avail- able to Ilia birds at all times, was composed of equal parts ot bran, shorts, wheat, middlings, corn meal, uat chop, and moat meal, with a very little fine salt and charcoal added. The birds were also fed a moist noon • meal couHlKiIng ot a crumbly mash made with tbe same Ingredients as the dry mash, with the meat meal, salt and <biirooal omitted. This noon meal was omlttod on occasional days according to the Judgment of tho feed- er, who aimed at nil times to keep the appetites of tho birds keen. The flock was also given green feed, such at oabbage, alfalfa, mangeli, turnips, beets, and sugar beeU. With tbe a^ rival of spring growth ths birds had the liberty of the runways that had been seeded with a mixture of wheat, barley and oaU. ;X3». Rsport tor 192(, available at the Publloations Branch, Department of Acrlealtura, Ottawa, further sUtes that ths summer â- cratch toed was changed (radually to flvs parts wheat to one each of eracksd oom and orushsd oats. Quidanes In Planting Street Tress. During ths hour of tree discussion provided in the programme of tbe Convention of the Ontario Horticul- tural Asscclation recently held in Toronto, the subject ot street trees â- lid ihflir fir^t recslved considerable $yvi;i.ioii ':,'â- â- :.'• (!.â-  nfter Kpeaher rois shaft, and the curve In the web af fords a certain resistance to the air behind tbe bird, which necessarily moves In the direction ot least resist- ance; that Is, forward. The action ot the bird's wing Is a succession of valve-Uke motions that open and close to let air through at one stage and shut oft the air from passage at another point. Even birds which see mto be endowed by nature with wings ot slowest motion, when observed are found to move the wings under the management ot the British i with celerity surprising to a person government with the humming bird i who tries to reckon wing strokes. to discover tbe secret ot that bird's Casual observation ot the gull and power to hover In the air without crow, the large birds most likely to |^ moving from the spot, have been ad- come In view during the* winter In mitted resulting lu complete failure to this latitude, will confirm this ele- sufferlng from an over abundance of i â„¢*"!"" l*** "«""/' ? '^« Investigators street trees. Both In urban and rural parts the opinion prevails that plant- ers have been ever generous In pro- viding tbe sapling aud In setting them in the ground. In the rural districts the view of the landscape is la many cases almost cut off, while in the towns and cities and even 1 nthe vil- lages, bordering shrubbery and flow- ers are Impossible to grow. For rural planting the Ontario Highway Coni- mlaslou was commended tor their wise spacing ot roadside trees at seventy-flve feet. At the concliisioii of the discussion the Association un- animously accepted a resolution that Is expected to put the Association In a position to give guidance to tree planters on Htreets and higliways. Following Is tho resolutions: WHKREAS the street trees In most urban districts iiavo been planted witliout regard to tlieir ultimate lii- ntieiice on general lu-autlflcatloa ,and I WHEREAS civic aiitboritlea appear to need guidance in framiug policies to govern tho planting and care ot street trees, BE IT RKSOLVKl) that the Ontario Horticultural Association appoint a committee to prepare rocommuuda- tlons on, (a) Minimum planting distance; (b) Desirable and undesirable va- rieties; (c) Principles to bo followed trimming or pruning, and (d) Policies for the removal superfluous trees. The recommendations to be ap- proved by the Association at the 1929 annual convention and sent to all Horticultural Societies' Secretaries, found the speed of the bird's wings was too rapid for recording by the optical instrument which tells when the wings are moving 300 times In a mentary tact In aviation. The propeller o fan aeroplane press- es against the air in forward progress very much as the web ot feathers in a bird's wing Impringe when it is fly- second. But a more powerful glass I Ing, and the result Is practically the is to be tried in hope that tbe mys-lsame, tor the bird or machine la tery may be mastered. j moved onward by the pressure ot An American investigator, George ; wings or propeller wheel against the H. White, who l.s working on the sub- air. ject of flight, has recently announced | As more force Is applied by the en- hls belief that birds propel themselves gine than It is in the power ot any forward in tlie air by tho upward! bird to exert, the airplane easily stroke of their wiug.s. moves through space faster than a This opiij^on has awakened much bird, but both of them depend for pro- luterest among oliservers who have gross on the inability of the air to new constructoa work. One Ilnso* which work is procresslns In South' era Siberia, largely for the purpoa* of tapping mineral resources, will ru« 1,260 mllssk Another line, to ca» neet Semlpalatlnsk. In t!b« heart «< Asia, wlUi Tashkent in Turkestan, is Intended to open up regions where ns people except wild tribes now llvs and to bring cheap grain from Siberia to the cotton belt of TurkesUn, with the design of so developing the cotr ton Industry. Thirty miles ot tbis line were laid last Bummer and sixty In the Fall. Russia has also sliown a tendencr to hid tor more passenger trafllo by advertising the cheapest and quickest route from Europe to China, offering one train a week over the Trans-Si- berian line, jnaktng' the Journey from Paris to Vladlvostock In thirteen days. This train's run fr<Mn Moscow to Vladlvostock has been reduced torty-eigbt hours in the last two yean. T%e 1,000,000 men now employoi on Russian railways represent almoat a SO per cent. Increase since 1913. A great many more passengers are re- corded, too, ths 184,000,000 total tof 1913 increasing to 211,000,000 la 1934- 25 and to 262,000,000 last year. Freight to|inage( on the other hand contlnua much below the 19 IS figure.) It took 33,000 freight cars a day to handle 158,900,000 tons In 1913, whereas last year 27,4S9 were used dally to handle SS,900,000 tons. Important results In this infant Indus- tryâ€"now, as It were, but in ths nurse's arms. Too Many Don'ts Spoil the Child That is Scientists' Warning to American Parents Dainty Fish Dishes Even those housewives whom time has Innured to the general wall that arises every Friday do not scorn a new way to prepare the same old flsh. And those who still dread the ap- proach ot.^sh day welcome it. Here are some recipes that have been tried out in the "Delineator" Home Institute and found decidedly worthwhile: Spencer Fillet of Sole. "Dip one pound ot flsh fillets In one- half cup ot milk, which has been sea' soned with one-halt tablespoon salt, and then into one cup bread crumbs. Place on a greased baking sheet and sprinkle with two tablespoons olive oil. Bake in a very hot oven, 600 de- been giving serious consideration to , move away from wing of bird or blade the problem, and lias led to a Hue of of the propeller before motion Is ini- ' ''^•^"nie 'luen o? destiny." Investigation that may result in Ira- j parted to the source of po.wer, be It I Speaking before the midwest con portant progress toward the result for gasoline engine or bird's muscle. ' feronce on character development, which so many are strivingâ€" the mys- This seems to be the solution of ; Dr. Kilpatrlck urged parents to let paprika, and two small onions mmced tery of birds" flight. the mystery that has long clouded the i their children begin facing the bat- ^.jtjj tVo tablespoons butter and Without any of the mechanical ap-j function of flight by birds. The fact J ties ot life at an earlier age. j spread over one pound ot flsh steak pllancos and means with which luves Oblcago â€" The word "don't" Is one of tbe most harmful in the language to say to a child, scientists said re- cently. The less he hears "don't" the better win his character develop. A par- ent who continually thunders the _ word et his young son may expect to ; grees7~for Ten m'inutVs' 's'eTve'wUh find him, at the long trouser stage, a lemon butter cups, made by creamlna weak, spineless youth facing life with ; four tablespoons butter, adding tour little more than a big collection ot in- teaspoons lemon Juice slowly, and hlbltions. | when wel mixed stirring In two tea- "Let him find his mistakes by him- ' spoons minced parsley. Chill and self," Is the formula that Dr. WIl- ' serve In lemon cups. These cups can Ham Kilpatrlck of Teachers College, be made by removing the pulp from Columbia University, offers to par- small halves of lemons and cutting ents who would rear their children to the ends to make them stand. Curried Flsh Slices. "Mix one teaspcon curry powder, one-half teaspoon salt, one-quarter that the feathers in a wing on which tigatotrs under governmental control (light depends are sustained at only carry on their work with the birds, ijono end, leaving tho outer end free have exercl.-ied my eye.s on a thousand to yield a little, has an effect to con- feathered subjHcrts ranging in size form the ying in contact with the air from the wild goo.ic to tbe buinming ! into lines corresponding with the bird, with countless Intermediary rigid surface of the airplane's propel- j Each time you say don't, you ai-e units that are master.^ of aviation, In- , ler, so that a forward motion Is given eluding the longwinged gray plover 1 by the bent feathers In the down and the short-winged quail. The ; sweep of tbe wing as well as by the plover nests within the .\rctlc Circle upward stroke. and passes the winter in South Ameri- ca; tbe quail nests in the temperate zone and Is not inclined to go more than a mile for mlta native field. My observations on birds tend to confirm the opinion of White, that the upward stroke of the bird's wing as- Experiments along these lines may result In bringing the helicopter to a more eflScIent state than It has yet at- tained, a consummation to be wished. It would dispense with the long run required to get the airplane Into the air and probably would lead to other "It won't do the growing boy any In a baking flsh. Add flsh stock or good to teli him not to flght with water to halt cover the flab, with a other boys in the strees," he explain- bay leaf and one tablespoon vinegar. ed. "Let bim scrap: let him get lick- Bake at 450 degrees, basting often. ed-and he will exercise more cau- Clams Velonte. tion in choosing his next adversary.' .,„ .... ... ' .. .. '• "Melt three tablespoons butter, add one sliced onion, one tablespoon minced parsley and tour teaspoons flour; when smooth stir in one-halt cup cream and cook until smooth and creamy. When ready to serve add one teaspoon Worcestershire sauce, pushing him a step nearer to namby- pambyism." "A haby, no matter how small, doesn't have to ba told not to put its hand on a hot stove, once It has been burned," he pointed out. "It Is all one-quarteV cup clam Juice and" one right to warn a ohild o the consequ- and one-halt dozen steamed clams and ences are apt to be disastrous; but In heat. Serve with buttered toast most cases It caa^ot learn to appreo- sticks " late danger except by dipping Its fln- ger Into it." I ^ ♦ Ski Line View of Canadian Metropolis H. Tomllnson, Ontario -Agricultural College, Quolph. Egg Hatching. At tho Experimental Farm at Agas- bIz, B.C., where so many world's re- cords wore made with high producing hens In 1926, some Intoresting hatch- ing results were obtained in the spring of last year. They are detailed In tho latest report ot tho suporln- tendont, avallablo at the Publications Branch of the Department ot Agricul- ture at Ottawa, and, ot course, apply mainly to conditions In Uritlsh Col- umbia. Hatching commenced to- wards the end ot February and was continued to the end ot April. The percentage of fertility during March was 81.1 and in April 81.6. Of tbe total eggi set during March 41.0 per oent. hatched M compared with 41.4 per cent .In April. Ot the fertile eggs March recorded a 46.( per cent hatch compared with a 60.5 per centt. hatcti In April. Hon eggi were 83 per cent, fertile acainst a fertility ot 72 per ^e^ in pullet eggs. The number ol chicks alive when wing-banded wa* 83.6 per cent, from hen eggs and 83,1 per cent pullet eggs, Influsnc* of Clover on Crop Yields. At ths Central Experimental Farm tests were made to determine In a practical wi^ the value of ploughing down clover as measured by ths re- sulting Increase In crop yields. An = Spring Hats Are Varied Indications of Sprlug styles lu mll- I llnery, as seen In the early offerings ; tor the Southern resorts, have crys- \ tallzed into modes that are now being accepted In this market by the geu- ! oral trade. Basic fabrics remain the I same as those of the resort lines, asr do other materials which. In previous ' seasons, would have fallen Into tho i category of trimmings. This season. ; through artistic manipulation, they ' have become an lutogral part of ths hat. j There Is word from Paris that cel- I loplraue has already passed tho crest ; of Its popularity In millinery, prob- : ably due to Us cxplollatlou there In I other forms. This will not neces- I sarlly affect American offerings, ao cording to a bulletin prepared tor ths Rettall Millinery AssoclaUon ol ! America by Mine. Zayda BenYusuf, Its fashion director. The high lustre ot ths material is ot consldorabte I style value In combination with fait ' or dull-surlaoe straws. I "Irregular brims continue to show I new tntracacles," the bulletin goes on. I "Both narrow and medium brims ars I frequently wired. Brimless hats havs I assumed new Interest through -novel I treatment Ear tabs continue In popu- larity. However, they have lost their 'angularity, especially in the case of I flower toques, Both Interesting fcntreal. Metropolis of the Domini- the tti v;;:^uglasta, providing level the spires and Just to the left of the »«« •« the melon-sh.tped toque, whioh ot Canada, la so fortunate as to! ways for ibe leisurely and SWlK Â¥ut»s 'mUilie distance tho tame ot Notre «• worked out In wide, hlgb-lustr* on possess a great natural playground In I for thoso who want thrills. Mouatlpame contrasts with a vast grain ele- th« Jieart ot the city so thai it Is but > Royal han the further distinction of ' vatoi' A* the right may be seen the a few slaps from the everyday matter- ' of-tact world ot trade and commerce Into sylvan retreats. Mount Royal possesses attractions In every season ot the year and for every age. In wln- *er time It affords niimerona paths for straw braid and other materials. There appears to be some oon- being forbidden to the automobile at 'great vie; •"•!« <.'%.!^lle« Bridge connect- â- ume'' hesitation In accepting the all times. From the point where the ing the IslanJ Pt MonwTa' "*">» ''»• | "*'"" ^e". ^'h" ""V net eye veil belna camera man has found the ski pa resting a wide view of the city and tho Eoiirroundlng district Is obtain- mantle of f,P .i.i.l anow â€" (Caaadian able. Manufacturing -plants vie with , National Railways pboKigraph*. »lr South shore. cro«tag the St i*;- ™»" "'"'"'' «'^<"' "P- /o/*^ ^•T nd rence now covered with Its winter I^^-, "'"" «^<-'""l^« cfferlngs. but In- mantle of l.e .md »iiow.-(CaBadiaB»U>«y J»JW * *'*^ P* â- '*"''*"^'"*"'^ ^ « ^i. I lot this Autuiad''