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Saving Ontario's Natural Resources Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunter* (No. 44) THE WATER TABLE Onfc of the most important con- siderations before conservationists to-day is the question of the depth of the WHter table in our agri- cultural districts. The height of this water table determines whe- ther or not springs go dry in summer, how much the stream flow is decreased in August, and the depth to which wells must be drilled for a year round supply of water. Most of us think of the water in the ground as occurring in streams, or flows, but this is not so. The underground water is like a lake whose surface follows the contours of the land. It is usually found at a certain depth all over a district rising up over the hills and dipping down into the valleys. We tap this under- fTour.<l lake when we drill a -well, the springs are surface outcrops and all our streams are dependent on this underground Jake, the water table, for their flow. Only Source of Water There is only one source of water, the precipitation from the atmosphere either as rain or snow. This rain or snow can get awmy in two ways. It can flow over the surface of the land, as streams, or it can sink into the ground to reappear later. In a countryside where most of the precipitation flows away at the surface there will be floods in the spring and water shortage at other times for, and this is im- portant, most of our rain and snow conies down in the fall, win- ter and spring months. So it can be readily seen that the under- ground water is a surplus to car- ry through the dry season. Vegetation helps to hold the surface water until it can sini into the ground. Gra, brush and trees, in that order, are the sponges that prevent too rapid a runoff in wet seasons, with consequent floods, and allow the water to sink jnto the ground. Since this b so we must have trees, the best water delayers, over a certain per- centage of the land and this I will discuss next week. In Lighter Vein: "Enough Is Enough" Canada Nears Gas Rationing Consumption Must Be Cur tailed, Oil Controller States 0. K. Cottre!l, oil controller In tL DciMMinent of Munitions and Supply, said in a statement in To- ronto tlie Mid of May that It Is "nweetta > to control" price* of gasoline a-nd that "we are faced witih a curtailment In consumption whether we like- rationing or i:ot." Mr. Cottrelle eaid he could not sajr when gasoline price control woul<l come Into effect. "Oil t.'i.l ordinarily In use to supply the Unite*) States and Can- adian markets from Gulf ports, the Dutch \\'-M Indiec and South Am rirxui countries aie being drawn on for tho transatlantic service,' aald Mr. Cottrelle. "There U no doubt that we are faced wltli a rur (ailment In consumption w both- er we like rationing or not. "Tin- lifsv In volume to the Can- milKin oil liMliin/y and the necessity of fcprwuliiiK overhead over a lees- r volume logr-ther with tfl In- tanker rate* and the in- In world petroleum pi 1 eve point to the necessity of two things control to ietwen distribution costs by the industry and control of prirt-t. "Ordinarily ga*ollne price* go UP with each IncrKiae In th price of onwli At a result of oil control this h* not been permitted. "Th oil Industry to an Impor- tant factor in our war effort. With- out It Umada cannot make the eontriibullon to the war effort ex- pected of her. It Is Decenary ttin-cfoi-e to hire the facts and ecencery to control price*. Orders 01, OOA, 002 ajid (>K! (orders pub- Hrim' by the oil controller in Mm Canada Cnzctte) were made to lire- par* the way for those things w w* now fnrinr" Egg* For Britain 25 Cents, Grade 'A' Agriculture Department offici- al* recently said that selling prices lor Britain'* new order in Canada for 5,400,000 dozen eggs are com- parable with prices of 26 cents a Vnen for grade "A" and 23.4 cents for grade "B" eggs shipped tills spring. They said the eggs will be ship- ped to Dritain prior to Oct. 81 neit and in the meantime will he torcd in Canada t Britain's ex- pense. Tin order raises to 610,000 rases the total tale? of Canadian ' V>" to the British Food Ministry since Jan. 1. Sales to the Mmiv try in 1940 totalled 3&G.OOO casern. "Say do you think we are getting the boys OVER trained?" VOICE OF THE PRESS PICNIC PESTS "Even the picnics of the season r often ruined by Insects, " says a writer. Especially those pests who leave the rorkscrew and tin- opener behind. Montreal Star. o ONTARIO'S "H" MEN Names of four men figuring in cabinet and departmental changes this week, all bp?an with U Hlpel, Heenan, Hoi-ton and Hepburn. St. Thomas Times-Journal. 1,300 TO DIE THIS YEAR Thirteen hundred healthy, happy Canadians will die in traffic acci- dent* In Canada within the next twelve months. Traffic mishaps take a toll in Canada equal to the wiping out of an entire town every year, ftpure* reveal. Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph. o CHILDISH PRACTICE Jui* Wearing, nf London, (hit., calls noisy, horn-tooting wedding parades through city streets an "outrageous racket" and has in- structed ttie police of that city to BupprMB them. If similar instruc- tion* were Issued elsewhere, It would do n... ii to eliminate an an- noying and exceedingly childish practice. , i ; .-. nations, Canada, Austra- lia, / :,in Una and tbe United Stater, are expected to attend, aa well as representatives of Britain, the ciref and almost the only free Importing nation left in the world. It was not immediately clear but U was asHumed that the conl'er- ence would be a meeting of ili Wheat Advisory Committee which was formed at the London Eco- nomic Conference and has func- tiii--(. ever since, holding at least two general meetings in Ix>ndon. FOUR BIG EXPORTERS 1 1 was suggested that the main put-pose of the Washington confer- ence would be to attempt to achleva agreei-ient among tbe big four ex- por'irif nations to limit produc- tion. At HIM present time, because of war conditions and tlie German oc- cupation of practically all of Eur- ope, the exporting nations ara choked wilii wheat that cannot b* told. Canada, for- Instance, lield 6tiO,000,000 bushels on May 1 and this same surplus position was true to a greater or leas extent, in Aus- tralia, Argentina and the United State*. Conference on Wheat Planned U.S. Calls World Meeting to Discuss Surplus Problem An international wheat confer- nc le being called by the United States within the next few weeks, It ;tf announced by the state de- partment at Wanbington. Representatives of th four big Ontario To Serve Summonses By Mail? Service of summonses in by- law cases by mail instead of by police officers may become a pos- sibility, says a communication ent out to municipal bodies by C. L. Snyder, Deputy Attorney Guncral. Mr. Snyder stated that at the last session of the legislature the Summary Convictions Act was amended to provide for the ser- vice of summonses by mail in Highway Traffic Act cases. "The amendment has not as yet been extended to cover munici- pal by-laws, but that possibility may be considered when tlie pro- cedure has been tested in connec- tion with the Highway Traffic Act," Mr. Snydnr stated. ^sp Free Aeroplane Pictures DURHAM Ilk Nf IS AM. YOU HAVE TO I'O photo* of the following a . Dt/Unt . . . Hurricane . . . . . . i-i.ii- v Hut iir Plane . . . Hudaon ... Brittol Blrnheim , . . Vickeri Wellington . . . BUckbiun hoa-Div* Bomber . . . Fairty Swordfish ... Boeing Flying Fortrcta . . . Sunderland Flying Boat and 1 5 other modern planri ( a/e the latett official rhotogriplu in full detail). For etch aeroplane photo you with end two Durham Corn Starch labeli. Specify plane or planes wanted f your name and addren, enclote necettary labeli and mail requetti to the St. Lawrence Surch Co. Limited, Port Credit, Ontario. Common Foods For Vitamin? Keep This List Before You If You Have A Vitamin De- ficiency Our grandparents, says Betty Barclay, ate plenty of rough foods. They plucked fruit from the tree*, berries from the field, nuts from the bushes and drank large quan- tities of milk. Perhai'B they ob taintxl all the vitamins they needed without thinking or knowing about such a thing as a vitamin. Appar- ently moet of them did. Anyway, they had no vitamin pills to buy. SOURCES OF A, B, C. G Have you been told that you ne&d more vitamin A, B, C or G? If so, here are a few common foods that will be glad to aid you without worry and at very little cost. If you have a vitamin deficiency, keep this list before you. Vitamin A: Butter, broccoli (ex- cellent), carrots, cheese, whole milk, cream, eggs, liver, spinach, squash, water cress and tweet po- tatoes. Vitamin B: Bread, Etring be>ans, cabbage, celery, corn, cream, dates, Ice cream, lettuce, milk, lemon juice, oranges, peanut, butter, green peas, pork, potatoes, itce, walnuts, oat meal and mutton. Vitamin C: Green cabbage, can- taloupe, cress, grapefruit, lemon Juice, oranges, parsley, green peas, raspberries, tomatoes, water cress, i .in : mi inn and turnips. Vitamin G: Broccoli, buttermilk, cream, eggs, heart, kidney, liver, miln and beet leave*. Keep Potatoes Well Sprayed Failure To Spray Consistent- ly Last Year Cost Ont. Farm- ers $1,200,000, States J. T. Cassin Failure to spray potatoes consist- ently through tbe growing season last year cost Ontario farmers ap- proximately $1,200,000, states J. T. i';f.-ii' in charge of potato work for the Ont. Dept. of Agriculture, Toronto. Mr. Cassin points out that average production for the 147,- 000 acres potatoes grown in On- tario last year was but 77 buslieJs aa compared with the average of )8 bushels over the past ten years. "Many growers who kept potato foliage covered with the proper sprays l.u-t year harvested good crops yielding from 150 to 200 bush- els per acre," said Mr. Cassin. "The timely use of arsenates and Bordeaux will protect the plauts from insect peats and late blight caused by continuous wet weath- er." TIME TO BEGIN The time to commence spraying for fleabwtlee Is when the plants are from four to six inches high, aays Mr. Casiii. Arsenate and Bor- deaux should be applied regularly to repel attacks torn potato bugs, leaf hoppers and late blight. Arsen- ate is required only for protection from tloitbeetlea and potato bugs. Bordeaux mixture repels leaf hop- pere and gives protection from lale blight. Hvery farmer growing potatoes In commercial quantities will be- in- terested in obtaining Bulletin No. 390 of the Ont. Dept. of Agricul- ture, ''Successful Potato Produc- tion in Ontario." It may be obtain- ed from the Agricultural Represent- ative in your county. Ontario T.B. Law Stif fer Sufferers May Be Committed to Sanitarium Under New Rule, Whether They Like It or Not Dr. G. C. Brink, director of tuber- culosis prevention in the Ontario Department of Health, told the On- tario Health Officers' Association conference meeting recently In To- ronto that any person Buffering from tuberculosis in nn infectious state who is unwilling to take atle- qunto precautions for the protec- tion of others may be committed to a sanitarium by order of a magis- trate. BY ORDER OK MAGISTRATE Dr. Brink said -an amendment to HANDY SEAL-TIGHT POUCH Vi-LB. "LOK-TOP" TIN /srf pttlttJ In Potlitl icobac the Sanitaria for Consumptives. Act, which becomes effective June 9, gives authority to medical health officers to initiate the action with the approval of the provincial health department. The new legis- lation also provides for segrega- tion of pa*u-nts in a sanitarium on the order' of a magistrate and for the recommittal of any patient leaving the sanitarium against the advice of the superintendent. The new legislation, Dr. Brink said, applies to a patient who V "unwilling or unable to conduct himself in such a manner not to expose other members of his fam- ily or other persons to danger of infection and refuses to be admit- ted to a sanitarium or hospital." All Cheddar For Export Ontario, Quebec Cheese Is Earmarked For Export to Un- ited Kingdom The entire cheddar cheese pro- duction of Ontario and Quebec is being earmarked for export to the United Kingdom, the Dairy Pro- duct* Boards has ruled. The ooard's order was at fol- lows: "All cheddar cbeese manufactur- ed in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec on and after May 26, shall be white and unwaxed, not less than 14 ',i inches in diameter and not less than 76 pounds in weight, and all such cheese shall be export- ed to the British Ministry of Food tlu-oujrh the dairy products board by exporters licensed by the board." Since 93 per cent of all cheese produced in Canada conies from Ontario and Quebec and the pro- duction in the other provinces does not meet domestic consumption in those provinces this means that until the order is rescinded, tho bulk : doinectic consumption In Canada will have to be provided* from ptocks already in storage. 112,000,000 POUNDS IN YEAR Canada has undertaken to pro- vide Hritain with at least 112,000.- 000 pounds of cheese between April 1, 1941, and March 31, 1942, and officials said the board's order is being put into effect to ensure that Canada exports at least that am- ount. Health Visits Again Curbed Only in Exceptional Cases Are Canadians Allowed to go to U. S. for Treatment Drastic ste-ps have been taken. to curb the drain on U. 8." dollars through health visits o* Canadians to the United State*. Following negotiations with the Canadian, Medical Association, a new ruling has been made by the Foreign Ex- change Control Board, says tbe Fin- ancial Post. BEST IN CANADA Hereafter, only in exceptional cases will it be possible for citi- zens of the Dominion to go to th U. S. for medical treatment. The F. E. C. B. has apparently accepted the claim of the Canadian Medical Association that almost without exception Canadian citi- zens are assured of the best pos- sible medical cave in Canada. In regaj-d to climate, however, no special claims are made. It is un- derstood that, fo:- some cases, tho drier or warmer air of the southern states is aumittedly more bea-f ci il |han anything that Canada can of- fer at certain sea.sons. Until recently the person desir- ing to go to the U. S. for r>-Aons of health, made application through his own doctor, who then ha<! the responsibility of authorizing th trip. NOW UP TO OTTAWA If this authorization were not given, docto-.-s complained th^y might lose a patient; and that pa- tients might shop around until a more manageable (ioctoi was :' " .<!. I'nder the np-w (tygtem th- p.-x- tient applies directly through his bank to the F. E. C. B. In this application must be cited r'xu-'oii for wanting to leave Canada; also name and address of his own doc- tor. The applicant's bank .then sends the doctor a form of medi- cal report whk-h he will fill out after an examination of th pn- tient, .and which the doctor will forward direct to the F. E. C. B. at Cttawa. The patient need not see the repc.t nor know w;iat Is bMng confidentially communicated by b!a doctor to the Board. LIFE'S LIKE THAT By Fred Neher "It't moving day .... in't it? ! !" REG'LAR FELLERS Happy Landings By GENE BYRNES WHATCHU BOYS ADOIN' UP THERE? WE JUS FELL OFF OUR BICYCLE; . -: