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VOICE or THE PRESS TEMPERING JUSTICE All who believe In tempering Justice with mercy cannot fall to fc* Impressed by the experiment that is to be tried In nrltij.li Col- ntbla, where persons guilty ot Minor offences will be sent to a ranch for detention and rehabili- tation, Instead of to jail. As space Is limited, offenders who are n eorvK-emwi will (et the first call. This, however. Is no reflection on veterans. Rather, It Is a mark ot consideration, as the sacrifices they have made may fcav*, In many cases, contributed to their falls from grace. Permitting tbem to get together, In pleasant smrrounulngB, ought to bring out the best In them once more. Other province* would do well to watch, It not Imitate British Columbia's experiment. Windsor Dally itar. V WHAT, NO tABLEST We're running he&dlong right Into the real privations of a war coo am x, all right. Ootnes from New Tork furriers, the desolating word that there are> ao 165,000 Russian sable coats to Ut had this year. It seems that tie Russian* are busy trying to trap somewhat bigger game than sables. Brmlne and chinchilla are folng to be equally rare, the farriers re- port. The line of husbands forming in front of the Kth-storcy jobbing window will form at the right. "What, no 166,000 sables!" we hear the man at the head of the line cry aa he flings himself de*prate- b/ out the window. Ouelph Mercury. V AAMY LIFE BENEFICIAL Soldiers' complaints aJ)out their lood ar proverbial and in this war there are probably aa many f them M during the Orsat War. Bat whc it is officially ann unced that most of the soldiers w.ler- going training In tnls country are steadily gaining tn weight, not- withstanding the rigorous exercise that most them experience, the tticaoy of their diet becomes ap- parent. A a matter o.' fact, plenty f wbolosome food plus adequate exerois* pins fresh air k wually kcneflclal to anyone. Bro*kTiii Recorder and rimes. NAIV1 CHAMPIONS If prises were to be InatMvted for naivete, we have a ale* little ready-made nst ef candidate*. It consists ot people who play 'games ol skill' for money at fairs, tfcose who invest In "money-making' ma- btB*e peddled by strangers, snd Mr Herbert Hoover, who thinks 0*many will let American food skipped to the occupied oountrles fe I* the suffering conquered |OplC." Windsor Dally Har. v NOT MANY OF THEM Interested groups and Individuals w finding fault with the Govern- ment's price-fixing scheme. That wa* to have been expected, of cove*, and la the operation of xh plan suoh injustices as develop u be removed. And those who ble before they are hurt are very small minority of the Ottawa Times-Journal. MUCH BETTER collecting becomes both a patriotic and a profitable pursuit when the new liiuea are War Hav- ing* Stamps. What could be nlcet a* an album filled with themT" to asks tb* Hamilton Spectator. And the answer would appear to si "Two albums." Stratford Beacon-Herald. WOULD "SCALP" HITLER" Indians at York Factory, on Hud- son Bay have sent |240 to the Ministry of Aircraft production wltn the request that tbey be al- lowed to "scalp" Hitler when he la caught. Now there's an Interest* mg idea that no one else ever thought of. Chatham News. V SOME PROBLEM Accoidlug to scientists, whale*' milk Is not essentially different from cows' milk. It's getting the whales up from pasture which baf- fles those who would profit by the Information. Stratford Jiearon-lleraM v UNDER STRAIN There should be another way ot teaching children than hy example This Is too great a strain on the parents. Sun. CAVALRY COMEBACK OPTIMIST DEFINED An optimist In a mini who doMn'i care what happens as long M It doesn't happen to him. Kitchener Record. India's population has Increased nearly 60,UOn,OOU tn the last ten years, , .., ,|.|'K lo the new census. At last the Nazis' vaunted mechanized war machine ii forced to yield as nature takes a round against modern methods. German* on the Russian front are forced to call on cavalry the service no many have labeled "obsolete." Above, cavalry makes a comeback as German soldier aboard sow* r; "horsepower" urges a team across a stream. Canada's Splendid War Effort Something Everyone Should Know From an address delivered recent- ly by Qcorge K. Shells, Deputy- Minister ef Munitions A Supply, * M American Audience. now aaa 116,000 volun- teers in iii for in serving overseas or va)!fi"!e- for service anywhere ta ta world, te addition, Canada aaa o> raerv* army for home de- Ictus lumbering 170,000 men. That* Inolude many thousand* of mea drafted for home defense for the eVwatkm who are now serving ewr training camps, or at vital 4e4*M post* aero** the Dominion. Aa4d from ow reserve foroes, QanadUn enlistments for active rrtoe abroad would be the cqviv- I sot ot an nllstment of clos* M 4.606,000 men in the United States. The iot&ke ot men for aotive ser- vice overseas numbers many thous- ands e*ch month. 'n Royal Canadian Navy BOW has MOT* than MO vessel* of all type* serving around the Brltiaii isles and on toe high seas. With- to ate Months Canada's navy will aave about 404 ships in convoy aad cofnbat service. Of crating mnder the Royal Oan- adma Air rorc* 1* the Brttlah OoiBSBonwealUi Air Training Plan something which may well prove te to one of the decisive faotors IB the war. The air training plan operates 100 air fields and a total ot vw 120 training esUbllah- ascata of all kinds. Already 1,600 Americans have enlisted In the R. 0. A. F. and (00 Americans ars aUta* us greatly through serving as matructora. There are also T.OOO Amertoans who have joined the 0*n*dlan Army. Air Training Plan Canada provide* about 90 per cent of the atudenU of the air training plan. The remainder come from other Empire countrle*. Month by month young meu arc being turned out in their thousands from our air schools. In addition to our efforts dir- ected primarily toward achieve- ment overseas, Canada is co-operat- ing fully with the United States In hemlspher defense plans. In addition to our own direct war effort, Canada nas made dir- ect and vital contributions to Great Britain. It 1s true that Great Bri- tain is making substantial purchas- es in Canada, But by far the larg- est part of the sums required to pay Canadian producers for goods tor Britain has been raised and must continue to be raised from the Canadian people in taxes and in loans. Canada has told Britain not to worry about her shortage of Canadian money. Meanwhile, Britain's purchases will continue to be paid for by Canadians. At the end of the current fiscal year, Canada will have financed Britain to the extent of about a billion and a half dollars, th equivalent of 123,000,000,000 worth of good* measured in terms of American population and Income. You might call this, If you will, our "lease-lend" contribution to the war. Aside altogether from such a contribution which, viewed in the light of the extent of our popula- tion, 1* tremendous, Canada herself U at war and in the war with hun- dreds of thousands of the cream of her youth, with hundreds of LIFE'S LIKE THAT By Fred Neher "Hello, Juliet!" ahlps, and with a production of munitions far in excess of the needs of the Canadian Army. To- day our production is such that we could equip a division every few weeks. Over and above this production, we are producing g. oat quantities of munitions of war of all types which are moving over- seas. In addition, of course. Can- ada is paying out of her own pock- et by far the. largest proportion of the cost of the gigantic British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. Millions On New Projects Moreover, during the course of the war, Canada, on her own re- sponsibility, has initiated and com- pleted projects running Into the hundreds of millions of dollars de- signed to meet Britain's munitions needs without any reference or agreement regarding their ultimate financing. The figures which may later be written In ledgers have in no way affected our effort, the magnitude of which has been de- termined only by the limitations of our population snd our resourc- es). In brief, we bare dne pur ut- most to harness our entire econ- omy to the single end of winning the war. Our Prime Minister has pointed out that the cost of Canada's war aotlvitle* plus our financial ami- port of Britain, if translated into comparable American figures on the basis ot population and In- comes, would amount to something like $36 billion during the current flacal year. Present estimates of the sum re- quired to finance Canada's own war program plus our aid to Bri- tain amount in the aggregate to about 40 per cent of the auticipat- ed national income for the year ending March 31 next. On the home front, our Industry has done a remarkable job. We have built 22 chemical and ex- plosive* plauts which, during the current year, will produce more explosives than were produced in Canada during the entire 1914-1918 period. Our shipbuilding Industry has had orders for some 225 naval ves- sels, of which 115 have been launched or delivered. Thirty ves- sels have- also !> m converted to naval use. In addition work has begun on a cargo vessel program involving the construction of 100 vessels. Our construction industry hits er- ected some 3,000 buildings for our force* and built over 100 airdromes. Our automobile plants have de- livered close to 150,000 vehicle* for army use. These vehicles havo served on many fronts. Our aircraft industry is steadily producing- training planes for the air training plan anil fighter plane* for the air force-. Moreover, our aircraft industry is maintaining and overhauling the thousands o( planes used in 'the air training plan. lu World War 1, Canada pro duced shells and explosives. This was her chief industrial contri- bution to the war. Today Canada 1s producing not only shells in great Quantities, but the filled rotinda of ammunition. Many tens of millions of ammi nitiou com- ponents are being pnulu.ce.il month- ly. Millions of rounds of small-arm ammunition are being produced dally. We are manufacturing and filling bombs, land mines, depth charges, grenades, and mortar bombs. In the small arms field we are manufacturing rifles, Bren guns, aircraft machine guns, and we shall shortly produce tommy guns, antitank rifles, and .Vlckers guns. In the artillery field, we are pro- ducing the new 25-pounder com- plete, the most modern gun of Its type. We are producing the Bofors antiaircraft gun and expect shortly to produce the complete 3.7 anti- aircraft gun. and equipment for which barrels have been made in Canada for many months. We are producing more than one type of antitank gun. In addition, we are producing trench mortars together with nav- al gun mountings of several var- ieties. Work is well advanced on the production of five types of nav- al guns with their mountings. Can- ada is now producing two types of tanks and the famous Universal Carrier, in essence a light tank. We are also producing our own armor plate- and quantities of sec- ret weapons and instruments. All Industry Affected Canadian Industry as a whole has now been diverted to the war ef- fort. Much of our Industrial capac- ity is engaged in providing us with equipment required by the armed forces. This ranges from X-ray tubes to textiles, boots, potato- peling and dish-washing machines, and food. Other Incidentals Include anchors and compasses, airplane propellers and picks and shovel", radio equipment and optical glass. Generally speaking, the needs ot Canada's armed forces have been obtained by three methods: first by direct purchase; second by the creation of industrial facilities owned by the Government, for which total commitments now run to over $500,000,000; and thirdly by the diversion to war needs of goods normally employed for civilian purposes. In order to meet the raw material and other requirements of our -war progam, the Government has estab- lished controls designed both to provide the necessaries of life to the civil population and, at the same time, to Increase our pro- duction and to divert a maximum Of production to the war Indus- tries. iveryone Helps Civilian purchasing power has been curtailed, first, through the extensive and widespread sale of war bonds; second, through the sale of war savings certificates which hundreds of thousands of Canadians purchase each montby; third, through the sale ot war sav- ing stamps In denominations of 25 cents; fourth, through various campaigns encouraging Canadians to economize; fifth, through the Introduction of heavy taxation on incomes, on non-essential goods, and on general civilian trade; and sixth, through rigid regulations permitting only the Import of es- sentials In order to conserve our funds for the purchase ot war ma- terial abroad. In addition to such steps, the channels into which goods flow Is directed by means of two Govern- ment bodies: my owu department, the Department of Munitions and Supply, and the Wartime Prices and Trade Board. Controls Established Although Canada is one of the largest exporters of uonferrons metals in the world, extensive aud drastic measures have been taken to restrict the nonwar use of al- uminum, nickel, zinc, magnesium, tin, copper, aud brass. All non- ferrous metals and common metal alloys, together with industrial minerals, cannot be exported from the Dominion except under permits approved by our Metals Control- ler. Moreover, we are issuing no export license for metals intended to ivplace exports which the Un- ited States has curtailed to meet Its own defense needs. This, I sup- pose, is but another way of say- ing that iti this struggle Canad- ians are fully aware of the-lr debt to tlio United States, and that we. are fully determined to play the g.ime. with our good neighbor. Wo have a Controller uf Sup piles, who is charged with provid- ing us with a variety of raw ma- terials such as silk and ruhbei No silk suitable for war purposes Is being released on civilian con- sumption. Economics In the con sumption of rubber have to date largely been effected by the cur- tailment of automobile manufac- ture and by </i -tailing aalea of gasoline. No gasoline- ;s Hold at night or on Sundays. The installation of oil- burning equipment has been pro- hibited. Despite ;he shortage, pric- es have been strictly controlled. For the future only two grades of gasoline will bf- available to Can- adian consumers. A campaign is in progress asking i in> public to cur- tail their consumption by at least 50 per cent of normal. Various means have been taken to augment the supply of power to war industry. I^yiig'it saving lui* become a yeaiX'oiind affair. In the lumber field, priced have been fixed. A Steel Controller w.is apponited early in the war In July a year ago prices of iron -mil steel were frozen. We- have cut consumption In- directly by rationing essential commodities to manufacturer?. This has enabled some of them to exercise their ingenuity in develop- ing substitute materials An Arsenal Developed During the past two years, our efforts have been direcied to in- creasing our production and our productive facilities. As a cnne- quence we have created an arsenal the extent of which is as yt hard- ly recognized in Canada, but which none the less completely over- shadows both .;; magnitude and In the rapidity ef its development anything unde-:-t^kfn heretofore by Canadians. The great industrial machine which we have created IB n',v gathering momentum. Its Increas- ing demands for men and materi ri will mean increasing sacrifices by Canadians. Mindful of a!i those who now assist us, mindful of millions whose only hope in lift- lies solely In our arms, and above nil mindful of the high courage of our sons who, without thought of self, struggle to eliminate nuaian enslavement, we shall persevere unto tho end. C.N.R. Does Well Despite Low Rates Financial Situation Decidedly Gratifying While Wir Work Adds to Burden R. C. Yaughan, president of the Canadian National Railways, told the Vancouver Board of Trade that Canadian railways arc playing a vita: part in the war effort and that the Dominion's two great rail systems provide the lowest per mile freight rat* In any country :n the world ex- cept Japan. "Our average p*r ton mile rate is less than half that enjoyed by railroads in Australia, New Zea- land, South Africa and England," he said. The Canadian National presi- dent said the outbreak of war threw a sudden burden oa the railways in heavy transport of war materials and troops, but they were prepared to handle it. Freight traffic increased he said, until in the month of September this year "it surpassed by 60 per cent, the movement in the peak year of the last war,'' but it had been handled safely and expedU tiously. "Quite apart from their nor- mal functions, locomotive and car shops are asMst.ng directly in the war effort by undertaking the manufacture of numerous item* required by the various combat services," he said. "One shop, St. Malo at tj.iebec, has been taken over by the Dominion ar- senal for the manufacture of munitions. A new shop at Mon- treal covering 260,000 square feet is being operated by the Na- tional Railways Munitions L,inv\ ited on special war contracts." In addition, he said, Canadian National Railways is also build- ing minesweeper* and eaigo ves- sels in its phmt nt Prince Rupert, B.C. Canadian National Steamships, in addition to its own boats, "is operating Danish, French, Fin- nish, German and Italian vessels so. zed by the Canadian govern- ment," the railway president aaid, Turning to the financial status of the Canadian National System, the railway president said he felt confident in a prediction that net earnings on operations o< the railway would reach $JG.OOO,000 this year. This, he said, would be sufficient to pay fixed charges and taxes. REG'LAR FELLERS -Ha-Ha! By GENE BYRNES /IF VOU WALK UNDER A LADDER-A THAT'S BAD LUCK.' IF A BLACK ) CAT RUNS IN FRONT OF YOU- THAT'S GOOD LUCK.' DO YOU < B'LEEVE IN SIGNS, POP? ) __ _ , ^^^ I SI-'.O'JLD SAY NOT.' THEY'RE SILLY AND STUPID.' INSTEAD V OF TAKING THEM SERIOUSLY il t JUST LAUGH AT THEM' / THAT'S ALL 1 WAtJTtD TO KNOW .' JUST SIGN THIS RiGHT HERE AN' WE'LL BOTH MAVE A GOOD LAUGH .' . pr j-^ry ,-,. f-i-^-ttO ^t f I St ^**f**f VXj ; f\ . m 1 '.