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The Oakville Beaver, Wednesday December 18, 2002 - D5 RUTWHEELS · OA KV I L L E How drum brakes work to stop you When a vehicle slows down, some of its weight Is transferred to the front wheels. Disc brakes, because of their high stopping power, are used at the front wheels and provide excellent performance and little 'fade' even under heavy use. While luxury and sports cars often come equipped with rear disc brakes, most other cars on the road have rear drum brakes. Here's how they work. Drum brake cutaway Brake-drum surface (drum rotates with the hub) Flexible retainers attach shoes to the backing plate. T h e backing plate is As the hydraulic pressure from the brake fluid increases, the wheel cylinder pushes Ihe brake shoes outward to contact the spinning drum. The friction slows the drum, which is bolted to the rotating axle. Brake shoe mounted to the axle and forms a solid piece to which the shoes are attached. The principle The brake shoes are attached to the stationary backing plate/axle tube and push outward against the inner lining of the drum. The friction slows the moving drum/axle. HYAMAHA The brake drum is bolted to the axle, forming a solid, rotating unit. As the drums and shoes wear, the adjuster automatically screws outward to take up the slack. Backing plate (stationary) COPYRIGH T WHEELBASE COMMUNICATIONS UPRIGHTS & GRAND PIANOS ] V O Winter driving advice (CARSTAR)Winter is offi cially upon us, and icy streets are here to stay. As a driv er, winter weather poses some seri ous challenges, . and can make get ting from point A to point B more difficult. Take it easy. If you really have to drive in the snow- make sure you do so slowly. Accelerating to gain traction is a no-no on slick icy streets and is the leading cause of fender benders or worse. Stock u p . Make sure you have some basic supplies in your car in case you do get stuck. Extra blankets, winter wear (toque, mit tens and a scarf), flashlight, battery charger, tire chains and a cell phone are must have items for your vehicle. Plan ahead. Keep your gas tank close to full in case you get caught in traffic, have to take a detour or are trav eling prolonged distances on a highway. AU systems ready. Make sure that your car's bells and whistles are up-to-snuff. Tune-ups and reg ular service are important in the cold weather when more demands are placed on your car. When you get a tune up be sure that the following systems are in proper working order: heating sys tem,battery, tire pressure and wheel alignment. See and be seen. In the win ter, visibility is key. Be sure to get your windshield wipers and washer fluid top-shape. As well, be sure that your wind shield is crack free and your defrost system, front and back, is working. It is also important to re-aim your cars headlights to ensure a high degree of visibility to the benefit of yourself and oth ers. 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