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THE! OAKVILLE-TRAFALGAR JOURNAL HOBBY COLUMN By Wm. D. Christianson, Jr. Recognition of an event by the Canadian post office reveals the importance attached to the issu- ance of Canada's next commem- orative stamp, to be issued Oct. 1st, to mark the centenary of rep- resentative government. We are indebted to. the Dominion archiv- ist, who has prepared the follow- ing account on the background of the new stamp announced last Before 1848, the Canadian prov- inces of the time, United Canada (comprising Ontario and Quebec), Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, were in a general way administered by a governor named by the British cabinet, an executive council, chosen by the governor, a legis- lative council, life-appointed by the governor, and a legislative as- sembly elected by the people. Leg- islation was debated and voted on by the two branches of the legis- lature, but the governor was left completely free to assent or dis- sent any bill thus passed when presented for sanction. The remarkable peculiarity of the governor also exercised the executive functions of the gov- ernment, thus combining the dual authority of governor and prime minister. The system was aggravated the more by the gov- ernor's complete liberty to select, regardless of politics and parties, whom he pleased as members of his executive council. Moreover, these councillors bore no responsi- bility to the legislative assembly, while the governor's policies re- mained accountable only to the British cabinet. Consequently, the peoples elected representatives had but a very limited share in the administration of the country, since even its legislation was left tive and the policy of the execu council was not submitted to the control of the legislaure. Indeed, the government before 1948 was not in any way responsible for its administration to the people of the country. First in Quebec, and later in Ontario and Nova Scotia, the pol itical leaders had for years vainly sought the introduction of some kind of responsible government, that is, responsible to the elected representatives of the country. Such claims were not accepted by the British cabinet, which held the opinion that the British principle of responsible government could not be adopted in a colony, With week, the system resided in the fact that to the discretion of the governor out creating an inadmissible dual the British ministers until even- accountability to the British cab- inet and the colonial legislature. But Canadian reformers steadily combatted this long-spent theory, by maintaining that there really existed a double field of admin- istration, an imperial one account able to the British cabinet, but also a provincial one inherently accountable through its elected representatives, to the people of the colony. Tn a more or less groping Way, such was the principle advocated by Canadian legislators. First enunciated by Bedard in the first decade of the last century, it was taken up from different angles by Papineau and Mackenzie but with- out any definite concessions from tually colonial discontent explod- ed in the Rebellion of 1837, in English Upper Canada and in Regulations Made ommission The Under The Power PART | WATER HEATERS 1.-(1) Unless water heaters operated by electrical power are--, Y (a) equipped with thermostatic cantrol, and (b) installed in or on tanks which are thermally insulated. no municipality or municipal commission receiving electrical power from the Commission shall supply or use or permit to be supplied or used by any per- son the electrical power or any part thereof for the operation of water heaters installed or replaced after the 1st of November, 1948. (2) No person shall take from any municipality or municipal commission any electrical power received from the Commission and use it for the operation of water heaters in a manner contrary to the pro- visions of subregulation 1. (3) No person shall take any electrical power pro- cured from the Commission and use it for the operation of water heaters in a manner contrary to the provisions of subregulation 1. 2. Ontario Regulations 237-47 are revoked. THE HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER COMMISSION OF ONTARIO (Sgd.) Robert H. Saunders Chairman (Sgd.) E. B. Easson Secretary Dated at Toronto the 5th day of August, 1948. 1. Ontario Regulations 173-48 are amended by adding thereto the following: PART II SPACE HEATERS 3.-(1) No municipality or municipal commission re- ceiving electrical power from the Commission shall supply or use or permit to be supplied or used by any person electrical power or any part thereof for the operations of ai ir-heaters, grates, radiators, boilers or any other device for space heating in hotels, tourist cabins, shops, offices and commercial premises. (2) No person shall take from any municipality or municipal commission any electrical power re- ceived from the Commission and use it in a manner contrary to the provisions of subregulation 1. (3) No person shall take any electrical power procured from the Commission and use it in a manner contrary tothe provisions of subregulation ik, PART III LIGHTING 4.-(1) No municipality or municipal commission re- ceiving electrical power from the Commission shall supply or use or permit to be supplied or used by hy person electrical power or any part thereof or,-- « (a) lighting of interiors of shops, show-windows and offices except,-- (i) not more than 2 watts per square foot of gross floor-area of the shop during busi- ness hours, and after cessation of busingss with the public to enable the staff to work; (ii) not more than 20 watts per lineal foot of width of show-windows of shops be- tween 4.30 pm. and 9 p.m.; (iii) not more than 215 watts per square foot of gross floor area of an office; and (iv) for the protection of property after busi- ness hours not more than 5 watts per 100 square feet of gross floor-area of a shop or office but not exceeding 60 watts per shop or office; (b) lighting of exterior signs; (ce) exterior flood- or outline-lighting for decora- tive, ornamental or advertising purposes; (d) lighting of out-door Christmas trees; (e) lighting of parking lots, used-car lots, service stations, out-door industrial premises and out- door playing fields except, (i) not more than 15 watts per 100 square feet of parking-lot space while open for business; : y Commission Act (ii) not more than 15 watts per 100 square feet of that portion of used-car lots used for display space while open for business and not more than 5 watts per 100 square feet of the used-car lot after cessation of business; (iii) not more than 100 watts per gasoline pump in a service station, exclusive of lights inside the pump-meter compart- "ment, while the service station is open for business; (iv) not more than-15 watts per 100 square feet of whatever part or parts of outdoor industrial premises is in actual use for work in progress and not more than 5 watts per 100 square feet at other times and not more than 5 watts per 100 square feet for protective lighting of that part actually occupied by installations, or used for the storage of materials or equipment; and (v) not more than 60 watts per 100 square feet of playing area of an out-door playing field only while in use; between sunset and sunrise; (f) lighting of,-- (i) marquees; or" (ii) sidewalk-canopies on hotels, theatres and restaurants except not more than 2 watts per square foot of floor space or sidewalk-area covered by the mar- quee or canopy; lighting of exterior entrances or exits of com- mercial premises or residences except not more than 100 watts for comm 1 premises and not more than 25 watts for residences; and (h) exterior lighting between sunrise and sunset. (2) The lighting permitted for shops during busi- ness hours under sub-clauses i and ii of clause a of subregulation 1 shall include the lighting of interior signs, merchandise-displays and show-windows. No person shall take from any municipality or municipal commission any electrical power received from the Commission and use it in a manner con- trary to the provisions of subregulation 1 or regu- lation 4. . No person shall take any electrical power procured from the Commission and use it in a manner contrary to the provisions of subregulation 1 of regulation 4. Subregulation 1 of regulation 4 and regulations 5 and 6 shall not apply to,-- 3 (a) (i) lighting of air-ports and transportation terminals; (ii) lighting for poli fire and property-pro- tection services, traffic lights, traffic and warning signs; and (iii) lighting required by law; (b) hospitals; (c) lighting for interior domestic purposes; {d) lighting of a single exterior sign, not exceeding 60 watts, to designate,-- i (i) an office of a medical or dental practition- er, embalmer or funeral director, or phar- maceutical chemists; (ii) an ambulance, telephone or telegraph station; or 5 (iii) premises providing sleeping accommoda- tion for travellers. 8. In these regulations,-- (a) "shop" means any building or a portion of a building, booth, stall or place where goods are handled or exposed or offered for sale, or where goods are manufactured and which is not a factory; but shall not include any part of a building used for office purposes; and (b) "office" shall mean a building or part of a nll ding occupied and used for office purposes only. (8 or 3 = THE HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER COMMISSION Cin OF ONTARIO 3 \ (Sgd.) Geo. H. Challies i . Vice-Chairman 8 (Sgd.) E. B. Easson Secretary French Lower Canada. Appointed to remedy the polit jcal crisis; Lord Durham, adopt- ing Baldwin's suggestions, sup- ported the principle that the "in- ternal government of the colony" should rest "in the hands of the colonists themselves" and "thus leave to them the execution of the dilatory instructions of the Brit- laws." Unfortunately, with the ish cabinet and the personal re- luctance of the governors of both United Canada and Nova Scotia, the two leading provinces in the movement, colonial administra- tions refused to yield to the legis- latures ' resolutions claiming con- trol of the executive council and requiring that the execuive coun- cillors be selected from the ma- jority party in the legislative as- sembly. But the reformers refused to be denied their right and pushed for- ward under Uniacke and Howe in Nova Scotia and LaFontaine and Baldwin in United Canada. Their unrelenting pressure, with its log- ical presentation of their 'case, slowly moved the British cabinet into a partial acceptance of their demand. In March, 1847, the col- onial secretary, Earl Grey, wrote that "it is doubtless necessary that the direction of the internal policy of the colony should be trusted to those who enjoy the confidence of the provincial par- liament." Though unaware of this change of British opinion, the provincial leaders decided to force a constitutional decision of their case on the floor of the legisla- tures. On January 26, 1848, the Nova Scotia assembly in Halifax voted a motion of want of confidence in the executive council, stating that "the present executive council does not possess that confidence. so essential to the promoting of public welfar, and so necessary to insure to Your Excellency the har- monious co-operation of the as- sembly." As a result the execu- tive council was reluctantly fore- ed to resign and the lieutenant- governor, Sir John Harvey, asked James Boyle Unlacke to form a government from members of the majority party in the assambly. The way being thus cleared, under Uniacke as president of the ex- ecutive council and Joseph Howe as provincial secretary. Similarly, in United Canada, a few weeks later, on the 3rd of March, the assembly in Montreal expressed by a heavy vote its want of confidence in the execu- tive council of the province, with Thursday, September g i the declaration that it pq EEE sential to the satisfactory y, | of our deliberations" that be Majesty's provincial Sa tion should possess the cong 5 of this house and of the coy. adding "that that Confideny | not reposed in the present oq | ers of His Excellency." ppp. ately the executive cong. | tendered their resignatioy | the governor, Lord Bigin, yy] LaFontaine, its leader, to a tute @ government repreger.] the majority party in the Vi) ture. In consultation wit) Bay win as co-associate, LaFongy proceeded to form, on Margy 1 the first representative my, of central Canada. Thus, in the year 1848, in y| provinces, the government y, entrusted to an executive cog Jame chosen from and accountable | ul the party having a majority iy assembly. This accountability the executive council to the py jority of the people's elected rp resentatives introduced repregey tative government in Cup) which, in reality, meant the go) ministration of the country by | people of the country. Thy the recognition of this princi, Canada achieved a new great sty towards autonomy--a step wy in the course of political evoluig, led the country to its present po, itical independence. lst) labors ir BOY scout PAPER COLLECTION Please hold your scrap paper for collection next month. DEERHAVEN KENNELS (Reg'd) (B. K. Snider) A HOME for your Dog while you are away WASHING - WORMING| GROOMING - DEFLEAING| CONDITIONING UPPER MIDDLE ROAD Oakville - Tele. 457) - REMEMBER - ; Dunn's Drug Store Still Offers the Speediest Photo Finishing Service in Oakville | All work brought in by 4:00 p.m. will be ready the next day by 1:00 p.m. | PHOTO FINISHING by the UNIQUE ART STUDIO | TORONTO Dunn's Drug Store PHONE 650 Optometrist 173 Colborne Street Daily ...9.30to 5.00 Sat. .... 9.30 to 12.00 Carsten Glahn - Optician Oakville -- TELEPHONE 1375 -- OFFICE HOURS Evenings Mon. and Thurs: 7 to 8 Or By Appointment Leaves Kerr St. 7.10 a.m. OAKVILLE Bus Schedule Leaves Dundas St 7.40 a.m. 240 Bn 8.10 a.m. 10.40 a.m. 9.10 a.m. STOP AT 12.00 -- 10.10 a.m, ALL 1.10 p.m. 11.10 a.m. CORNERS 2.10 p.m. 12.40 pm, ON ROUTE 3.10 pom. 1.40 p.m. DOUGLAS a 2.40 p.m ° f1opm. 3.40 pm, SPRUCE B10/pn. 2.20 p.m. To 6.10 p.m. Bi pr REYNOLDS 7.10 p.m. | go a 8.10 p.m. 8.40 p.m. 9-10 p.m. 9.40 p.m. 10.10 p.m. BUS LINES