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electing a president with the interest in the american elec tion m november it is thought this excellent summary of the american election system carried in the bank of montreal newsletter recently may be of interest because of its length it will be continued next week the office of president of the united states of america has long been one of great pbwer and influence events in recent years particularly have cotibmed to extend the direct effecs of the president s influence to every corner of the earth in these uneasy times canadians and people in other countries will naturally follow this years presidential election with keen interest but to many the mechanics of the united states electoral procedure are something of a mystery the sole intention of this review is to describe the sequence of events that occur every four years and which culminate in the election of the chief executive of the united states of america in order to assist readers in following developments m this pres dential election year it is important to bear in mmd from the outset that m 1960 the president w ii be elected not d rectly by some 15 m i on united states otners of voting age nor by the 65 million or more expected to go to the polis but by 537 persons who though they never meet as a body are known as the electoral college the constitu on of the un ted states provides for tn 5 method of electing the president whereby each state appoints a number of electors equal to the total nut- ber of senators and representatives wh ch the tae sends to congress at present there are 437 pepresental ves and 100 sensors in congess tus there v ii be 537 members of thettectora co lege- w th 269 electoral votes required for a pre den el cand date to achieve victory since 1789 tne ne rod of choo no tee electors has clanged largely as a resj of the evolu on of po teal pan e in prc lice ijtfe legiuo o e av a eced h ie elector be chosen b popi ar voe v n the saie t e a of cad daes for ele ors are now r r 0 in ouoh va cjs procedures by tfe pa o gar- za 0 v n each siate wren a vo er goes jo tre pc s on election day he does not vote for jus j one sector instead he matcatespg yhe baj lot which slate of elecors w th n h s sete he withes to jort a s mpie majo of the popular votes cas n a state w ii cary all that state 1 ee oral voles for tl cand dele of o e p ty a ough the rae of ir y ni g p t- o- a ard dale vsva y i non ty the ra o to de e s fic cl t j fil ct p y 4 ci rii b r- o ojo o b jo o t f 1- e- t s f to ice f tr- e t ff ete vc ao 7 j ru u i ft c ire jnct v w v ut w h the t8 foj f j let tv 3 cr fr t i t lif r j j t- of f itf t r- t r r rl 1 rif- tjfj i lit off f j a ic bally and th to d dot wi o ol la fit j69 1 1 more tlwlfot ol- w ii tie legally hf 1r i ihtpsdem ot ui f sfa if no rand date for f ici d- t sdould leee vc n aor iy of llie eiwoal votes the trornon would if rfird tj ttit- houm- of rrprfsff lui n cbns tui orial piov sioti that t a txwfi uir ofily oncp m i fi4 h ts tustomaty altiough nrt ronst tu tionaly iequ rtd tor rh vats f f1cori to vote en bloc for itie p ief t at cflficj date nominated by the n oal omvc 1011 of is party and s nee 18 0 onv s eicon s hive faled to vote or the c and date whom they had been pledged m support the most recent deyiation was in 195 when one alabama elector refused to vote for the democratic candidate as a result of me traditional procedure of the siate of electors from each of the fifty states voting en bloc the successful candi date need not receive a maionty of the national popular votes in order to obtain a majority of the electoral votes there have been several minority presidents in amen can history for example in 1888 harrison received 100 000 fewer popular votes than cleveland but 65 more electoral votes the most recent occurrence of this was in 1948 when mr truman received just under 50o of the popular votes but secured 57 of votes of the e lee oral college prior to and during the sequence of events described above there are other stages m choosing the president notably the primaries the national conventions and the campa gn president al primary elections emerged shortly af er the beginning of this century l ke other features of the american election sysem these primaries are in effect largely controlled at the s ate level by party orgarfi zations and regulaed by state legislation in about one th rd of the states party voters are g ven the opportunity to choose dele gates lo the national nominalmg conventions and in some states to express their pre ference among parly aspirants for presi dential nominal on the results of these d red primaries do not as a rule influence he dec 510ns of the national conventions as much as they effect the choice of party candi da es for state and local off ces the national party nominating conven tiont f rst held in the 1830 s have evolved oj de the un ed states conslilukoi the s e of each delegation fluctuates from con ve en to conven on but is we ghed roughly ace re ng to the population and the number c par y upporter n each stae the selec ton of deegates and alternates s made by sate parv o gar zat ons through the use cf p manes as mer oned above or by other means sucn os ate convent ens he th te m n purposes of a national convention s e to wr te the party platform to orc he pa ty for the election cam pa gn to fo low and most important to choose the pary s presidential candidate it s on this last item of bus ness that the a tent on cf some a 000 delegates and the pun c i centred n july of a pres dential dec on year the conj ui on requires only that the pro dtrvi cf the un ted sdles shall be a natural 00 n c tn n ldit 35 yars of age end f iv illcui ted states for 14 ya i f y i vjy g however that faso a and pc t cal rcqu rements for a ti jci 1 7 ta t- date ore mar and varied af 1 1 from ire ot us enter a of character b ji t s f r ap s ji carl that with o t or io roiat tons ctrta n tia d onol l tground qual ficalons appear 10 a 1 y rr o rt- of the ttn pieideni al dales e e ed r ce 1900 1 is note b- f j 0 d firm slols inl colleye void diy lie nal 01 ril i 1 taif i i j tfx hat lr rf f r h al ng and jll nil i y stale hm for paikular h a 1 umki of and taiy to tale srvetnl i t vnl on lrot po r1i i ofttr dt a h fvci a n lue s ite dflegat delgates from m as md v duals f thpy vi sh to bf continued nit vtk ot the voip ai a tmnmi fllthpurh ites ar hep to vte the acton free press published bv the dm printing and publtththf co ltd rounded in l and puhmhd evr thurulav at 9 willow st iiun oni um k mix rot ihr midh bureau of cirailttmnv the e s a and th onianoouchce dijmnn ol the cwna advertising rattx on nrquct submnptionx pa ihvm nit invt j 00 in c anada w00 in the i mttt stij m months 1 s vingtc ciptcs 7c aulhuned as vs iul li mail post otra depart tnent ottawi the onh- paper ever published tn actoo g a dilk ejihtitnchtef daitl r dun manatinp fjimr ms1ress anj editorial office phone 600 acton the good old days 1 v do u m- garden queens suyevi and sfuce when i was 20 i found noth irnrtmwr ahracti-c- itnn txing on the mme 1 uas read lu go inwvhere without nuliee il jii lime ll nieanl a eh mgc or stent ind rouiine new tnends mil new f tees ll u is cfnlkng int md siitnul hint now i am ivuee luent we lie moung to a diffeienl home in dilleieiil lowri net month ind i m is mournful js 1 shroud 1 in eluijinjj lo the old home hid the old life uilh ihe grim temeit of a grinnv about to be lugged off to the eenuiu home the mocrs will probihl hae lo strap me to tile mining txi ird to gel me 011 1 ol the house on moving i e knoun it uns enming for some lime or eiilirsi md thought i u is ueoneikd id it hul i si weiknd ulun i wait home from sutnmei sehool and m i hi lo hi ior sai i signs h imiikti d nun im i nwi il w is u f i ihk toll kll is thnliuh 1 tu si k hid km n nkij n in tin iiieli m in ui i uk iii if nll housi is 1 mm imes in old wile who is h nd li i 1 iiiiiik wilh hul who it is gi in mil ih ii m 1 ouitiiiuig u 11 nith whali he i hi 1 ki 1 dung wuhoul in 111 k 1 i willi lip ti unumtxiid 1 lu uihl tu wih 1 11111 hotm 1 10111 1 muling md i mud ik hid on im md m sin ping h iilulh 111 il i tuiii 1 w iiv lid fin uhtgiil pm id iw wilh 1 lump hi l md m puhlu 1 i told hn ihion is tn ilkd llu si w is 1 ilid st uti iiih md 1 x w n mm sinn 1 leml and slu s utn s l 1 is s 11 got u lu id is ill 11 n 1 wnl in lb tn bin ti m hi wh ks h ins 1 in 111i ih k 1 1 nll 1 ill 111 with 1 k m t mm utile th onlv ill s w 111 liiiisi wilh n m ii i 1 ii ih 1 ii mi x 1 ii 1 m htpp t iliiij i si lit sk ltm s 111 ih i sh uiiii t pill j im iml k is ilni 1 d l ut 111 ui 1 m i 1 im 1 1 1 ii iii wh 1 1s i ti 11 ih w i n 1 11 11 int k ii in v 111 our hml mi 1 h s kn 11 h iiiiii smite is iu m ih h u 1 11 liu shl kiwi1 111 ibivs lll mtmhi lis si kn 1 in ui ih 11 111 01 luh usii tin h il 1 ill 1i1 ti m n v m 1 in ihr mn hip 1 s 11 im and 1 kti w 1i11 s il ui 1 n th s tl m 1 xiitk 1 1 h 1 iii 1 1 h is uiimd ih 1 m 1 1 1 t 1 sh ull ik im m ititlmt ihui on 1 1 1 spilu sh will inlu dodging round the district by roy downs i 1 1 hit i k iii mm gxipiiiiikui 1 i k hrampids ti tim it ii 1 ii 111 n ll k p im 11 pi k illl pts i l kii1u 11ft w photo by either tylor by bill smiley gne mo pnvaey nnel piaee a sinetuii from llie tlogs ol hie snapping it un heels tints wh his uprikinng is smh 1 wuneh moiherwiti the le ll one liels ll loo she ills spertt m m mine hours linn 1 hue wilh ihe old gill hilhme her regulark leeduig hn dilu ams like p mil md wdlpipn and dressing hn willi the dig nifnil lisle her ili ill minds bui women an louglui th in men add bisie ilh less nti ment il the look forw ird nol haek so rm wife his tuineel lit r bilk on the old girl though not without a leir or two for times reinembered and 1 m ii irdl w ill lo si ut diloriling and 111 iklllg lit ipes al the iliw pi lee i iiiuldnt do ih it i hid in h im 1 hn d ih im die ii im i iking 1 1 host 1 isi unkind t 1 do 11 beeuim 1 kmw id k too imi fiusit md md fun us 11 momiil d i 1 1 gin hi 1 m hi thin 1 loss look so i wnt md p kd uound tin o d i htdto pi a vtmt lo the cel i ir where i d spent sd mam hus elealle lunils digint i 1 nils pihtie w hk and swear mg vs tllele it was ihe iwi lon pile ol moker uil hits hull ittlug llu re sillee i pui in ihe oil lun m ii njk ni hi lo ihe wimn niehls when i lioiulkil behind m aikuni sink 1 iniisiiij 11 tlirouth ihi sin ill houis is m nine engi niu mils his u ir old ing nits 111 m itleinpt lo nash noil wini 011 1 to the patio and i jlmeisi h reiki down al this point i fill like an aritsl be ing di iggid oil to ul just is h is innil lo si irt work on his tnisilipieci i t besn pi inning th it pati 1 ii r eight u lis lull wllltu ive gmh ii 1 lot ol thought 1 e bin pll blls hi lllluls hid h iuii 1 ipnii g i si utt j on it bin i kn w id hue built it m t siinmui il id ks11 sjv11 t i thui 1 wmt mi iv liiden mm i i ush guin ti igi im lill pampas gi iss hl almost hid kn ok it it i imiliai land miiks llu isti pili s pmn 111 whim wilh us kipping tf sl w ihi in ip ot im n 1 1 pijvs 1 nh hki 1 id tin ml 1 lu bli k tis i ittilul pit whtu i ilig tn w mis so nigliikd this sum ll w is i m nniih i wenl n i m i ii u i nisi ih 4u 1 s 1 in w h mini i d put 11 th m gnl hsi t ill md 1 i hk 1 hih tu ii hoi back in 1940 taken fnm the luiw of th free prcw thunday auguil 25 1910 while sawing wood with n cylinder mvi at his cool and wood yard al week mr james r anderson hut the misfortune tu have the flrsl finger of his right lionil come in cuntm l with the revolving jihc and ut 3 re suit the member was sawed from ihe- lop to the first jolnl mr neil gillies had the mis fortune a week or so ago while working wilh ihe llntjs in his barn fo receive a severe blow on the hip from whleh he hai mil fered considerable inconvenience since monday mornings eltcirk storm was lighter here than in several sections of western oni aho a number of harns in the stratford dlstrici win struck and burned in this storm the hbwers during ihe week hase been interfering rather seriously with the work of the larmers in the miinlh the tatc taken hv reeve hynds arid this e ir s niuneil in inspecilnf ihe hulls nl public accounts and safeini irdinii the munieipahls s finances is some thing i i whuh tin hihis ought io he llljflkllll lliec is an untortun ut iliidnus jmony public lijiuus in pis nn de i ills ol suih a kind uiloui 1 ihoroujih inspeiion ten meiiils has proved limstlf an ihle hntikur mr alix obcr a v un mfi who has xiupied thi petitions ol nipht and dav opeulii ji iht gl r stall jn lot a 1 jupk a eais and who hjs won the ris put iif those who kmw htm left on tuesdas m rr rn i rigina wbere he hj lakfi j more imraiie p sit ion aecjrdine to insiru iioif- sen oui b ihe al lorries inirjl s tie pnmthmu- at tuimitjaj a i p- lee niazisirjies earjn s jid tramps vntf n lontr t j tern past in- ud ihe 1 i k g v llee iran rjrtjli n t l tj prisui tld ihrv will bi r jr ij i wjik jui thur v- 1 sis n ihe dirvetun t k mj s t k 1 up hi this i r ust ihinkme the bible today 1 back in 1910 tnkin from ihe luue of the free prm thumjtty auguat u im0 al the request of the district chalflflim hit rylatid h new the editor of the free press g a dun has uccepied the chair munship for actun and district of lie war snvingft cofnmitice as noon is details are received ihe work ol organizing a local committee will he undertaken to maintain ihls vers necessary and worthwhile support of can ada s war effort the oueen rifibeth wav from browns line inlo toronto w is opened for iravct this week motorists ippreclale the four lane hiyhwav that now giks nghl o sunns side and does iway with a big bottleneck a map ol ihe highway irom niag ara tails appeared in last weeks ntw york times fversonc in acton over 16 scars ol age registered last week 1 iv registered in ihe si booths provided for ihe work mondav was the bigyest dav the bv stouis assisted ihe not untarv workers as messengers arididaus for enhslrn lit in can ida s armed lorces who aie 1 1 h7i ns ol a ionian eouniis an nil fi w nquifed h ukc ihe daili of allegunii provided f i m the kin s he jliom if bv si d iiry ijkh iitn hip in ih o jn 1 iui itv i f stilled if t jf i aihlfs urtwr fierieul cj 1ji1a nd llie- c eiritiss a hi rn will prti ik c jfijdun jil rjj ihirru im ji i ji it j n i ojv a hllvhk i fer m heiht ajs res 1 i jrdf mr f h drn tjwvn r jt s jn liea m ihe frn p es intirv tk mx j ji pa ij- n r i k r t f v e j 4 1 w c s priin n jr ikimvi- ner 1 v 1 ih f a jj a j- i v j u i c is v s j j m hj vi lefj a j a fs h t m c j u j professional directory and travellers guide medic l ftxxku douctdtts dr w g c kennrr pin c ai and satuca tvoe n svtsvs bck umils e a otcr pjnr 1 ride- is c-art- s k ill th wh 1 afiii with us nmumi p pol khiii is in 1 si i i inmullii his iltinei 1 hi tlsi 1 lll is llllliu will k 1 111 i 111 hi mm i t i it i h s s is m mp d d a garrett fivswan and sutn coirr if wlo tad rvw s3 isi rancsr r s r si dr robert v blxkner psve clat ml su sv s9 trie id s s- ac ii otfi ptsn office hwxt wpm afttrisru t apoinurvrit kf l ttstc d lmjtfk4n5 f l right acii vvt xi ps if 9 apptiwr rtsa nd lnuranr dr h leib ivnul urffsift ofiff vrner m ii rtd trdtr ck si offm hour bt appe ntmit tllxpjove 1 or a j buchanan ivntl suifrsi oil r- ia mi rlrwt off c h ur a m u 6 p m i 1 i t wrdirdjiv flrriki yw fi t ia alcnocezklc c n l s e a oft1 al and btvkinc aids e i bjcsfc r o o fv 1k h i ti t v s r j- w s v h w 1 4 hf pm robert r haastlton oi frd i n s tt es i ort of ir hsii jrrticrr mlufl iim i it atn lnirti i irs1 sitjtlaat phane tr v atcol vtino lever hoskin chiitrrd arfsntnt m mi n st n ii kinf st w i x iw v ifi in u is s w k 1 m 1 1 legal t at s 1 c f ifatherland qc brtvmrr wrnor notiirj public i hiht demaml sh 11 ii h llihl vms ihl 1 ihi limn offer h un 10 00 m 1t pm 1 no p m soo p m sj m by ppoinfmrni only im if b phon rrt 131 si sv is ii t ins acton s 1 urn i 1 ill in a braida ba ni l lw travcuf guide pittuiii itwvi mil tn pi ihi rt s orltim tsnpi hinlin i p 11 unh mid oven vtiup pill n i s sshjl hull lin r in ih ikiux riilot ind uiliiit iw ntin ivrxiss at 1 i u pi i 1raruar- mnvli hmldmp iiom i h s nt t t i irsviithtith nmm n iwrption iteawi- ntv p n i v i n oikvillr called hi fdprwkd lniitvlu pljnt n w s- n lndumit rraltur ind pnvmnl ind mtmii pil i nli pm t ih implix him kxr let im mpku lo tx built i sp iti ii i ahk in the firms who wilt oceupv ihr building atfrdo the riviw riiiv that v miimm i dinp horsos wen led to sd when tire nppoel ihr ui ihi ikn bn pattmirkt ranch nrar carfretc mnre itlm 10 000 tnk s f h nlmp s bridles and blanvris were lost in the man ind l vi s estimated at j50 000 streets ille the nijapr s lonesavsalted water tunr nmr i long step toward reitils when cihinal pisstnf be bws mhmnnc t cinsirwnon at a pnee of dl boo called a t land ptpt n will be latiil mar isia hcigbls sehool in toronto township ll is x1 ficl high 4 feel in diameter jtod has a sqfj gallon apacn h aim 1n i hi i itki fmumki m 10 htliuni unpufii i ui t t i i tins number arc i ii yontilus l vhxm t iv tmi tn lmels lli iiausa su t 1 7ulu ji f sul and smill im ntx fs t as hul is i h00 tr i s tnbts he ih il olada in iuii h wot atn j whir itn i taduri bibu si shari in ih i is and nnn lr lb ilj tnk- tn rbtxtrn trtimalm tf thi ii ot i lt000 p spcl to du is mx i w bibl sk u ts auxihanr hn xn isiahlished in east atiki and ihe rhtxleias in ihir 1 k ui ms area advisory uuocib have jieen csiahhshetl- lurrtrr sulieitw v tarr pubic t1 min si s acton orrt phoof 578 officr hour p m p m- i p m p m svirdy is cork st e giwlph ta 4 tsa2 officr hour b a m 3pm sturdj m 11 m hastings payne brrlrrs and sollritnri nounrt public ia hoi sl acton fo- appointment call ttl ctmtonlactpk w royriooai dc omee hoort tue a ttkbs x pm 6 pm sl 10 un 1 pjn gray coach lines ooachf utat acton i 1 jfll si rm tm flast bound esaifi m da ir wefpt sim and ft fm 1133am jqbpm mid pm 3 pm 833 pm 1001 p m isun and hoi i writ bound 1qtl m 1157 pm lit pm sn pm 777pm 9ljpm msi pm 112 am fn sal sun and canadian national railways standard tirna fcii