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iilbki p8 the georgetown henld wed irtfcby evening much 20th 1940 iburfsrh arid increased yields as 4temo3mfaytodtaaaitqr tar i tte division of fwd husbandry cen tral experimental pterin ottawa the yield trim permanent pastures may be incre when manure is available ttw pastures may be top dressed at the fktt9ot eight to te tons per acre in tfae fab once htevery mreeor ftnir fears followed by harrowing to avoid undue contamination of the herbage however commercial fertilisers are usually preferable for permanent pas tures it requires lees labour to apply ttwm and different kinds may be used t meet different plant food require- jnents the fertilisers joay joe pp4pd tn the spring for brass pastures or day loam soils the recommendations are 100 pounds ot sulphate of ammonia annually then 400 pounds of super phosphate and 50 potade of muriate of potash every four years if preferred 500 pounds of a cjonsnerclal 2 136 mixture or 2 160 inay be applied every four years with 100 pounds of sulphate of mmmiin in the intervening years such applica tions at ottawa increased production ttf grass pasture over a six year period from 2329 pounds of dry matter to 06 pounds per acre on light sand n th miwrhpt of pot may be elightly increased where clovers are plentiful 500 gioundfi of superphosphate alone or an equal amount of 0 126 or 0166 fertiliser may be all that is necessary clovers obtain nitrogen from the an and store it in the nodules on the roots in this way sufficient nitrogen is added to the soil an application of 00 pounds of superphosphate every tbree years on a grassclover pasture at ottawa increased average produc oon for six years from 2 159 pounds dry mattei per acre to 3 431 pounds in the last two years production almost doubled from 2371 pounds to 4687 pounds per acre thaa id no tit tbsucco just 1 old chum littkchats on farm management scal of fattm operations the net returns from a dairy farm business are greatly increased when the volume of business is large ibis is shown by a study of the dairy farm business which is now being made by the economics division jfcrtyyng service dominion department of agriculture ottawa in oooperatkm with the ontario agricultural college guelph the business of the shippers of milk to whole milk markets for the year eliding june 30 1937 may be ded as an example those with milk- ing herds of less than 10 cows secured averaged labour earnings of 412 while those with 20 or more cows had sim ilar earnings of 010 again it is shown that those milk producers who sold during the year less than 50000 lbs of milk per farm had labour earnings of 382 while those who sold more than 150 000 pounds of milk per farm ha ftflrtngfi of 1 085 somewhat similar results were found to obtain on those farms from which milk was shipped for cheese butter and con centrated purposes any business has a definite overhead expense which remains constant or nearly so regardless of the business turnover for this reason the cost per unit of product tends to be reduced as volume increases the volume of business on a dairy farm may be increased by either more intensive or more extensive farming greater intensity of operation is at tained by developing more business on tpe present acreage of the farm this method should be given first con stderation to the end of securing- grea ter net returns from the business more live stock may be maintained or a farm if higher crop yields are ob tained improvement in the quality of the livestock is a particularly useful means of increasing the farm business turnover greater use of the hog and poultry enterprises along with the dai ry assists very materially toward in creasing the business volume the control of seedborne diseases of vegetables uany serious vegetable diseases such as pod spots of beans and peas black rot and wilt of orudfers blight or celery bacterial ought ear and seed ling rots of corn leaf mould of toma toes and many not mentioned here are seedborne states j k xuchardson dominion laboratory of plant path ology st oawerlnes ont by plant ing seed free from the parasites which cause these diseases a grower can of ten prevent serious losses howevta the vegetable grower is not in a pool tion to know the original source of the seed be is planting and has ho guarantee of it freedom from disease under such conditions the advisability of seed treatment as a precautionary measure is obvious there are many chemicals which are effective in killing seedtome para sites but the resistance of seeds to the adverse effects of different substances varies to such an extent that no single treatment can be recommended lor all solutions of mfcrcurio chloride and formaldehyde were among the first treatments to be used pommer daily and are still frequently recom mended there are- distinct disadvan ages in using these liquid treatments not the least important of which is the necessity of planting the seed inane dlately after treating or drying it be fore it can be stored within the past few years organic mercury copper and zinc compounds in the form of pow ders have largely replaced the older liquid treatments due to the fact that they can be used dry in addition to having good fungicidal properties they can be applied more rapidly do not interfere with seed storage and have a better protective effect on the seedling during the early stages of its development as is the case with liquids dust fun gleides differ in their effect on various seeds some being definitely beneficial while others cause reductions in ger mlnatlon the two most commonly used for treating vegetable seed at the present time are copper oxide and se mesan hydroxymercurlchorophenol i both these compounds are usually ap piled dry in quantities jus sufficient to cover the seed thoroughly one level teaspoon per pound for small seds bett cabbage etc and one eighth teaspoon for large varieties such as peas beans melons etc when treating place the seed and in a closed container small jar tin can or large drum depending on the quantity being treated and turn fct end over end a sufficient number of times to cover the seed entirely with the fungicide most varieties of vegetable seeds can be treated wmi either copper oxide or seme an but certain ones show def inite preferences ah cruolfiers such as cabbage cauliflower etc are injur ed by copper oxide while goodresultr are obtained with semesan with spinach and tomato however the op posite is true copper oxide being pre ferable dust treatment have a tendency to increase the friction between the seeds with the result that they do not flow readily this is not significant where ismail quantities are treated and the ueedlng is don by hand but if a seed drill is u be used it is extremely im portant this condition can be cor rected by the addition of a small quan tity of fine flake graphite to the fun gicide one and a half to two ounces of graphite that will pass through a 325 mesh screen added to each bushel of seed should give results in addition to killing a large per centage of the seed borne parasites present seed treatment has the added advantage of reducing the amount of dampingoff by protecting the seed lings against soil-borne- parasi d used machinery lng their early development if cabbage cauliflower or other cruciferous seed la suspected of har bouring black rot organisms ii should be soaked in a solution of mer curie chloride in the proportion of 1 ounce to 6 gallons water for 30 min utes rinsed in water dried then trea ted with semesan when using commercial products for the treatment of seed always fol low the directions of the manufacturer for the specific material being used i have the following used tractors and machinery all in real good conditon 1 mccqrmickdeering 15 30 tractor re painted and reconditioned 2 mccormickdeertng 10 20 tractors in real good condition 1 7ft mccormlckdeering binder just cut two crops in dandy shape 1 6ft mccormickdeering binder 3 years old perfect condition the above binders have been traded in on power binders and are real bargains 1 7ft deering binder in good shape 1 massey mower good as new 1 steel roller in good shape also make me an offer on a deenng mower and delaval dream separator mtcmill mcconmckdeenng tractors and machinery phone 4q georgetown phone 298 cl an industry to the furtherance of agriculture founded and developed on the basis of helpfulness to the farmer the implement industry is entirely dependent on the prosperity of agriculture for its own success through the years the implement maker has with quality of product and genuinely helpful service won the high regard and goodwill of the users of hts product there are few farmers who do not value sincerely the service of the implement company lack of understanding of some of the problems of the industry may give me on occasion to cntichms that seek to detract from or disparage the part that the implement maker ploys in the light of the facts however misunderstandings vanish and a better appreciation results farmr equipment investment greatly reduced most of the discussions on prices of implements compar ing them with those of years ago for instance fail to take cognizance of the improvement in methods that have taken place resulting in the use of different machines from those of a qrarterof acentury ago the one way disc seeder has displaced to a serious extent so far as the manufacturer is concerned several other machines and it does so because it cuts the cost of tillage and seeding by from 40 to 50 the small combine has spread the use of this method of harvesting until the sale of them now almost equals that of binders and this because h costs only 26c per ocre for outof pocket expense to harvest with the small combine as against 1 90 per acre by the binder- thresher method a savmg of 1 64 per acre the wheat farmer can equip today with the latest tractor and tillage and harvesting equipment at 28 less than he could for comparable machines ten yean ago equipment too that enables him to cut the costs of his operations by over 50 tms h the contribution of the implement industry to the furtherance of agriculture and massey harm takes pnde in having ployed an important port in b whatevei hups ami cu itu iehelps canada modem farm machine helps agriculture pig losses from anaemia i experimental farm news the heavy loss of pigs during winter n rslng periods presents serious problem for the swine producer states h e wilson dominion expert mental station lacombe alberta this mortality is teneially due- to lmpover ished blood or anaemia in which ther ls a deficiency in the number and qiallt of red blood cells it ls espec nll iikch o develop in suckling pigs fnrroud dirn the winter and early prlng and confined to pens with wood or contrite f lo rs and receiving no intr ils up irt from those contained in the mother s milk this condition i not seen to any extent in pigs which arf born during the late spring and summer mon hs when they are out in the s insh ne and when the have fre accest suitable soil and eetation some pigs die suddenly while still fat but uuall there are symptoms which indicate the presnee of anae mla such as unusual pale colour of the gums snouts and ears and a rough cur hair diarrhoea ls com mon and within a day or wo they will how a dec do i unthrif t tness and lose rfht rauidu thee ls a heavy depc it of fatat the jowl it jj1 be noticro hit anaemic pigs do not run and pi i ihey s c d but prefer to lie in h a most of the time they q iialy become exhausted when made to exert themselves and show a labored jerky breathing which is us ually called thumps this condition ls most critical in continuously housed young pigs from one to four weeks old and it often affects the fattest and sleekest pigs in a utter as soon as the little pigs begin to eat food from the trough danger of anaemia is past pigs tha have anaemia and recover are likely to develop into runts which may be unprofitable to raise more over the anaemic pig is greatly weak ened his vitality and resistance low ercd makinb him much more sue ceptlble to other dlseases or parasite infestation anaemia of suckling pigs raceable to a deficiency of iron ir the milk supplied by the nursing ww feeding iron to the nursing mother will not help for this does not increase the iron in her milk the iron must be given direct to the little pigs the most convenient way of administering it is in the form of finely powdered reduced iron which can be purchas cd at any drug store dosing the pigs on the seventh and fourteenth days after btrth is sufficient each dose be ing approximately the amount of re duced iron that can be picked up on a ten cent piece the dose administered on a home made wooden spatula or spoon is dropped on the back of the tongue the body marked and the pig put back in the pen it is also good practice each day to place sods approximately one foot square in size in the pens with the son and pigs soil contains considerable quantities of iron and the young pigs in rooting around in the dirt eat suf riclent quantities to make good the shortage of iron extremely sandy soil thai is very low in iron should not be usfd at the dominion expert mental station lacombe alberta the sods are stored in a suitable place for winter use these sods are taken from areas on which pigs have not been al lowed to run so as to guard against infestation of parasites in the young suckling plga to insure the presence of iron in the sods they may be sprink le ir sulphate this solution is made by dissolving a teaspoon of iron sulphate in one quart of water and sprinkling this amount pt the solution on each sod with a sprinkling can how to order seeds for flower gardens before ordering the flower seeds some thought should beiven to where the plants are to growf and for what purposes the flowers are needed says isabella preson division of horticul ture central experimental farm ot taw a if required only for landscape effect plants w hich bloom profusely for a long season are most useful if for rutting for decorating the home then flowers with lonz stems are need ed for living rooms and halls as well as mallei flowers for decorating the dinner table the colour of the flowers also i ir portent and should blend n with the general colour scheme of hi rot ms good st ods from reputable firms should be obtained as they will give better satisfaction than cheap seed it is a great disappointment when the seed docs not germinate or the seed lings are not true to name some plants like asters and petunias have n great number or varieties which vary in habit of growth and these should no be bought in mixture as an example large flowering petunias irrowlng with small compact and bal cony foms do not make an attractive bed when only the colour of the flower varies the combinatioilmabe quite good so that balcony petunias in mixture are permtssable if some special colour scheme is planned then seeds in separate colour can be ob a-n- klnds of plants that have done well in previous years or are known to do well in the locality should be the chief items ordered but one or two novelties added to he order each year will be interesting to all and will w iden the gardener s knowledge ot plan s witl canada being geared to war- lme production everything ls being made to contribute to the succeccful conclusion of the allied objectives tn eluding the lowly hog it is expected that canada along with the united states will be looked to to augment supplies of bacon which ordinarily come from the scandinavian and other continental european countries dur ing the last war canadian bacon ex ports rose from 37212 000 pounds in 1913 to 114 919 000 pounds in 1916 ac cording to the industrial department of the canadian national railways majseyh arris l1adirs jn thi implemint industry sinci 1847 covett emomh buue8 there are 2j0b6 locomotives of ell types on the oanaihan nation sys tem during the year they cover be tween 6 000000 and 65000000 miles the lowest prices on auction sale uhs at the herald office the farm t a sec you re doing a lot of work henry on the old homestead and about the tann did you come into a legacy no sir i got a home improvement loan from the bank of montreal a simple mattet no fuss or bother the rates are low and im paying it back by instalments home impravemenr loans obtainable at 3 25 per 100 repayable in twelve monthly instalments for borrowers with tcasoiul iocomcsrcpment may be madejrjqiher convenient periodic instalments ask for our folder bank of montreal established 181t w iamjk ijt0m tmejl o oca will oea nnoawia georgetown branch a c welk manager x -a-