The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

the georgetown herald wed nesday evening may 15th 1940 1 our farm page items of interest to every farmer the outlook for wool what is the 1m0 wool dip going to be worth suoh la the burning ques tion put forward whenever two or more sheepmen get together it is most often asked by those who sold at shearing time a year ago instead of consigning for cooperative sale on a graded basis and who asjt result shared not at all m the higher prices ruling after the declaration of wu they know now to their sorrow that their neighbours who consigned their dip to tho cooperative wool growers got 4 to 5 cents per pound more than they themselves realized by selling it outright at shearing time just what wool will be worth thl year no one can definitely state bui the sheepman can rest assured he will get the average price for the year if his wool is marketed cooperatively lost september the canadian wool administrator established a fixed priqe for wool namely 45c per clean pound this order was cancelled in january and it is anticipated the 1040 cana dian clip will be allowed to find its own level from day to day in keeping with outside markets the fact that onethird of the canadian wool clip to 1939 was handled by the coopera tive wool growers indicates that a large percentage of the most impor tant sheepmen have learned from years of experience that they get more on the average for their wool clip by marketing through their own organi sation than by marketing through any other channel if you are going to get the most out of your wool it is important that you not only market cooperatively but that fleeces be tied properly and to this end we would re mind you that you can secure sacks nd paper twine free of charge from the agricultural office in milton in conversation with agricultural representative j e whltelock we also learned that his office is prepar ed to cooperate with halton sheep men in controlling internal parasites in sheep by staging demonstrations wherever they may be requested those interested either in wool supplies or in securing further i re proposed demonstrations for control of lnoernal parasites should contact the agricultural office in milton appeal to people save wild flowers some of canada s most beautiful wild fioviers hae disappeared forever for many years the ijstem of land development has been destroying the flowers the woodman s axe clear ing and cultivating farm lands building up cities close grazing of fields and woodlands forest fires and erosion ol the soil have all been responsible for the destruction of the natural floral beauty of canada the toll has win increased by lgnor fence or thoughtlessness of persons in regard to what is left of the wild flow ers and unless some care is taken by the present generation and its suc cessors there is the possibility that no wild flowers will be left in the do minion the preservation of wild flowers does not mean that no one is to pick them but it does demand a little thought on the part of the picker pox example some wild flowers should not be picked at all plants like the white triluum are best left alone because they cannot be picked without removing all the foliage upon which depends the maturing of the bulbous root for the fallowing seasons crop of flowers cxfaer spedee like violets and hepati- eas whose flower stem rises directly from the roots may be picked at will provided the body of the plant is left undisturbed tearing up a plant by the roots to gain a bloom is wactom destruction and can end only one way the pining of beautiful wild flowers from the canadian landscape it is against reckless plucking of wild sam- en that the various horticultural so 4etk throughout the dominion make an appeal to the people of canada welding specialuts m portable electric ud acetylene welding boilers tank etc s8tocateb oxvm king paving co ltd oakvuxe ontario phone 694 variation in farm earnings one of the striking facts revealed toy farm surveys la the wide varia tion in yearly earnings from farm to farm this has been demon strated again by project recently undertaken j the economics divi sion marketing service dominion department of agriculture in co operation with the agricultural economics department of the ontario agricultural college suelph detailed records of the farm busi ness year ending may 30 1938 were secured from 266 operators of hog- prroduclng farms located in eastern central and western ontario in cluding records from the counties of leeds lanark grenvllle wellington waterloo perth kent and lambton the range in farm earnings for the year was greatest in the kent- lambton area here the variation between the highest farm which had earnings of 4316 and the lowest farm which lost 1234 was 5650 the earnings of the 74 farms visited in this area were distributed fairly widely between these two extremes with an average for all farms of f however it is a significant fact that at least one farm had earnings approximately 3500 above the average and considerable number had earnings one two and three times greater than average a similar variation in earnings from farm to farm was found in the central and eastern areas visited on 107 farms located in the counties of wellington waterloo and perth the average earnings for the year was 1096 with a range tover 3 000 between the highest and lowest farm in the leeds lanarkgren vlllc area the earnings of 85 farms ranged all the way from a low of minus 645 to a high of 3 068 how then tan the fact be account ed for that in each of the tlirce areas lslled somt farms en highly successful and mim nlwchily un successful the aftswtr to thla qutsuon lies largely in the individual farm business manager himself by irefuil comparing and analyzing the jearlj records of the 266 farms it has bt en possible to isolate the factors chlcfl contributing to flnan cial success in farming the first es sential is to build ud a sufficiently largi volume of buslinss consisting a tttli balanced and efficiently managed crop and ui 4tock pro gram a small farm business no matter how skilfully managed cannot be very pro 11 table because the dlller- e between receipts and expend lures will not be large and labour and capital will not be put to its mast effective use in this study the most successful farm managers mere those lth live stock aboie average in numbers and quail tj supported by a cropping program featuring yields above aver age of the most profitable varieties of crops lack of success as gen erallj due to failure to conduct oper ations on a sufficiently large scale or as a result of poor crop yields and non productive live stock nnivruifirr drfjl george c brown jmorval jnmm382r21 the value of hybrid corn during the past twelve months hy brld com has been widely advertised througwutr southwestern ontario the claims have been so favourable that many farmers are asking what is the real value of hybrid corn for three years many corn hybrids hav betn tesud at the dominion expert mental station at harrow and as i class they have proved conclusively their superiority over the standard openpollinated varieties now grown in the district states o f h buck ley senior assistant forage crops the major assets of hybrid corn are at greater vigor b uniformity and ci increased yield vigor is expressed in the denser root systems and more robust stalks of the hybrids the dense root sys tem provides greater anchorage for the plant and since h penetrates the soil more extensively in all directions the source of food supply for the plant is much increased this all has a great effect upon the plants growth making it robust and belter able to withstand adverse conditions hybrid corn will not be as readily uprooted by winds or heavy rains as ordinary com the stalks being sturdier are leas apt to break over or lodge it also appears to withstand com bore infestation to a higher degree not that it is resistant to com borer at tack but the sturdy stalks arc able to tolerate more borers without breaking over probably the greatest asset possessed by hybrid com is it high yielding ability during 1838 the dominion ex perimental station at harrow conduct ed tests at several points in south western ontario in these tests the hybrids outylelded the standard varie ties by a considerable margin some toy over thirty per cent though the majority yielded between nftmu aha twentyfive per cent more than the checks farmers who are planning- to grow hybrid com for the first time are ad- vised to communicate with their near est experimental station or agricul tural representative in respect to the choice of hybrid importance ol organic mailer in soils although by far the greatest frac tion of an ordinary mineral soil is derived from the weathering of rooks decomposed rock fragments alone do not constitute a soil states h j at kinson division of chemistry domin ion experiment farms service the presence or organic matter is necessary in order that this mineral matter may become a soil and grow crops succes- fully most of the soil organic matter is de rived from growing plants but some of it also comes from decomposing ani mal remains in the decomposition of these materials complex chemical re action take place which not only give simple compounds such as ammonia and carbop dioxide but also bring ab out the accumulation of a complex material commonly known as humus soils containing less than 3 per cent of organic matter are considered to be low in that constituent those con taining around 10 per cent are very well supplied the socalled organic soils mucks and peats have very much higher quantities of organic matter varying from 20 per cent to 80 per cent or more it has been observed generally that soils well supplied with organic matter are more fertile than those of low or ganic matter content this consttt uent has a mirnber of very important functions in the soil one of these is as a storehouse for certain plant nut rients particularly nitrogen the de composition of soil organic matter is brought about through the activities of millions of bacteria these bacteria derive tlieir energy from the humus and in the process break it down into simple substances releasing nitrogen sulphur etc in forms in which plants can use them as food any cultural practice which will encourage the growth of bacteria in the soil without at the same time causing extreme loss of nutmnls will result indirectly in improved plant growth because of the more rapid decomposition of the plant residues and humus which will take place organic matm is commonly added to cultivated soil tlunr ui the form of manure or the ploughing under of growing crop a procs which is known as green mai irinv tle latter l practice not onl ntunis to the soil i uie nutrlt nts taken up by tht growing crop but also ennciic- tht soil with hu fonung man rial if the crop being ploughed under is a legumt il so pot iblt that ionsidtrabk nitro wliitli has been obtained from the air bj the legume is added to the available nitrogen supp y of tht soil riie application of barnyard manure ulso adds organic matter to the soil and coruuc crook plant food especiallj nitrogen phosphorus and potash and in addition it increases the active bacterial population of the soil the benefits ol which hive been pointed out above organic mauer in soils also improves their physical condition on clay soils l has a lessening effect giving better drainage and aeration on sandy soils it unds to bind the particles to gctner due to its gniter cohesive pow than that of sand it also increases the water holding capacity of the soil factor that is important in districts of ion rail fall in general 11 improves tilth end thus facilitates drnlnagc root extension and bacterial acuvitv the effect or organic matter on tht phvslcal condition of the soil is so marked that it is claimed that the presence of 15 per cent to 20 per cent of orginlc matter almost completely oves the distinctions botw een sands loams and clay the mixture truth comes down to us from the pact as gold is washed down from the mwmulna of fflenm ifenda la min ute but precious particles and mixed with toflnite alloy the debris of ceo wmmmmmmmmmmmm millions of dollars lor the erection of smelters refineries and other metal luvgioaf pfenteraad in the develop ment of mineral properties the rat ed capacity of most of these plants could be enlarged to meet any likely increase in the demand for metals for war purposes with very little addi tional expenditure modern mechaniz ed warfare creates a tremendous mar ket for base metals and canada holds an exceptionally strong position with respect to these hex ore deposits have bn developed to a nplnt where she has attained a leading position among world producers ranking first in nickel second in zinc third in copper and fourth in lead considering iron a base metal per haps one of the most significant de velopments in the past year was the entry into production of an iron ore property located in northwestern on tario the output from which repre sented hie first production of iron ore in the domlnioit since 1833 of im portance also was the discovery about two years ago of a large deposit of highgrade iron ore about one hun dred and forty miles west of port ar thur in ontario this property is now being actively developed the develop- ment of these properties is being fol lowed with keen interest for al though canada has long been an im portant producer of iron and steel her entire reqilrements of iron ore have been imported the new record of 773 000 barrels in 1939 was the fourth in succession for the production of crude petroleum lnythe dominion about 97 of the output came from the turner valley of alberta where crude oil was first disclosed in june 1936 between nine tyfive and one hundred crude oil wells are now in production in this held and twenty other wells are be ing drilled for oil the remainder of canada s crude oil production comes from wells in southwestern ontario the moncton field in new brunswick and fort norman in the northwest ierrltorles oil from the norman wells is used to supply the fuel needs of the radium mines at great bear lake and other raining properties in the northwest territories as well as suppljiiig the motive power for most of the transportation in this area the administration or mineral lands in canada is either under federal or provincial jurisdiction the provinces having control of the minerals oc curring within their boundaries while the domi ilon government adminis ters the mineral resources of the yu kon and the northwest territories the department of mines and he- sources at ottawa is organized to meet the requirements of the mineral in lustry of canada in the fields of geology nethod of ore treatment and uses for minerals it assists the in- dustrv and particularly the prospec tor by the examination of promising mineral areas and bv publication of detailed maps and reports on these areas it follows up these services by maintaining fully equipped metailur steal laboratories at ottawa and full use of these fa being made toy frr operators throughout canada mat ters relating to plant operation ore treatment processes alloys and me tallurgical problems of an descriptions are dealt with daily enquiries as to suitable types of eqitipmaatfor pew milling operations are handled and most of the gold mines in canada which have entered production during the past decade are using ore treat ment processes in some form or other that have been devised in the depart ments laboratories the variety and abundance of can ada s mineral resources places her in a favourable position to help the cause of the allies by supplying hi large quantities their mineral and metal re quirements for war purposes the canadian mining industry which play ed such a notable part in helping the dominion to fight the depression ota few years ago seems destined now to make a still greater contribution to the wider struggle against dictatoxhlp and aggression canadas mineral resources in wartime tlit mineral resources of canada rank among the rroatest in tho world rapid and suet t vrful development of these resources especially during the past quarter ol a century has given the dominion a lending position among the mineral producing nations a the outbreak of uie war in 1914 can ada s mineral production was valued at slightly less than one hundred and twentynine million dollars in con trust with this figure the value of mineral production in 1939 reached a record of over four hundred and seventy million dollars and during die past decade mining has become can ada a second greatest primary indus now records were set up during 1939 in the production ol gold copper nickel zinc antimony cadmium crude petroleum natural gas gypsum sul phur and lime the gold output which was valued at over one hundred and eighty million dollars passed the five million ounce mark for uie first time in history the domnlons known re serves of gold ore are sufficient lo as sure the present rate of production for many years to come and new sources of the metal arc being steadily disclosed during the past year a to tal of twenty four new gold milling plants entered production canada produces a wide range of tlie nonmetallic minerals chief of which la asbestos but the list also includes gypsum salt sodium sulphate mag- nesetlc dolomite sulphur rock wool ncpheline syenite clay products and other structural materials for the most part these minerals occur in abundance but with the exception of gypsum and asbestos are marketed mainly within the dominion many of them form the raw materials for the chemical industries and are thus of strategic importance in wartime for instance 45 of the salt output is used for una purpose in the last war canada s production of the leading base metals in refined form was of very small importance but today the opposite is the case and most of the base metal output to now refined wmbln the country thii change bmstoen brought about by an abundance of cheap electrical power and by the expenditure of hundreds of farm radio ustenbb8 should tune in to antiweed campaign 1 during the first great war weed became a serious menace to ontario jtarmenk jn order taprcvent j currence in this war of that vitui provincial and municipal authorities an cooperating with farmers tat ing a serious weed campaign this year tho obo farm broadcast department plans to do its bit in this worthwhile endeavour by having someone in cloee touch with the weed campaign inter viewed by don fairbalm on the farm broadcast for the ontario region every thursday for the next few weeks the farm broadcast is on the air m to friday inc over stations obi toronto oem montreal obo ottawa and ohlt sherbrooke 130 pjn ed8t 12 30 pm eastern standard timer by revenge a man is evpn with hto enemy but by forgiveness he fe su perior values your value is increased as the need for supervision is decreased the man whose work constantly requires watan- lng must of ooursb4heip pay the- v quality chicks at the right price barred rocks 900 per 100 mixed barred rock 90 pullets 1600 per hundred white leghorns 90 pullets 1800 per hundred a quantity of barred rock pullets six efiht bod ten weeks old at reasonable prices canadian approved bronze turkey poults fob sale at h000 per hundred jamesway poultry equipment colony houses wood coal electric and oil brooders jameswtiy soagmos peat litter at 1240 per bale thompsons hatchery and poultry farm phone 48 r 5 georgetown rr 3 l western canada special bargain excursions from all stations in eastern canada going daily may 18 29 1940 inclusive return limit 45 days tickets good in coaches at fare approximately lc per mile tourist sleeping cars at fares approximately lttc per standard sleeping cars at fares approximately lc per tt cost of accommodation in sleeping cars additional baggage checked stopovers at all points enroute simiur excursions from western to eastern canada daring same fettod tickets sleeping car reservations and all information from any agent ask for handbill t125 canadian national employees earn 227 more than in 1929 this 227 increase in earnings per hour of dominion textile plant employees has been made although setting prices are 162 lower reduced raw material costs and improved manufacturing methods have made the lower selling prices possible the us and canadian textile industries are bracketed by the international labour office at geneva as paying higher wages than those of any other countries textiles employ 21 of all canadian industrial workers one in every five they provide 13 of canadas total net industrial production maker of cotton yarns and fittfrlo dominion textile company limits 93 canadian owned r