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1 the georgetown herald wed neiday evqhing june 26th 1 940 x 1 our farm page hfej items of interest to every farmer hallon farm cited as example ol good farm management family herald praises amos newell milton farmer tne unusually abundant rainfall in aouthern ontario and other parts of canada this spring will prove of lnes tlmable value to canada and the mo ther country at war this is the be hef of amos r newell farmer near milton t ho like other well known oatarlo farmers feels that soil and crop indications herald a banner year in agriculture just when it is needed most in view of the critical state of affairs overseas an example of productive activity in ontario this year due to moisture con dluons is mr newerfs 20 acre crop of alfalfa which is two to three weeks ahead of its normal growth at this time mr newell states that his all alfa should show a yield of between three and four tons per acre his 75 acres of spring grain 22 acres of fall wheat 33 acres of timothy and six meres of corn also show splendid pro mise the remainder of this beautiful 300 acre farm is in pasture which re semble a thick pile carpet thereby do tag its share towards indicating the effect of this years moisture the newell farm lying just to the east of the fruit belt which pestles beneath the niagara escarpment is an example of good fanning and wise management from the main farm with its fine buildings and grounds runs a straight lane with 60 rod fields on either side of it down the centre of the farm at the end or this long lane is a second set of buildings where mr newell s beef cattle are wintered while th dairy cattle are stabled at the other end of the lane the sense of order which comes to one on a visit over the farm coincides with the own ers passion for taking care or his ma chinery never is a piece of machinery on the newell tarm left out after its im mediate use is over there is a good implement shed on the farm and all machinery is oiled carefully by their owner before being placed inside this is probably the reason for the perfect condition of a 24 yearold manure spreader which has seen a lot of pun ishment during its regular use on the 200 acre farm one of mr newell s strongest convictions is that care of machinery is an important factor in farm economy needs mixed farming real mixed farming is necessary toda if we are to supply britain s war time needs and at the mime time farm successfully advises this prom inent general farmer he has seen too many pitting all their eggs in one basket ana suffering a downfall serving that mixed farming balances those things which might and happen he pointed out to the writer that a wtek rarely passes without his having something to sell he milks 9 tint holiteln cows and ships cream regularly he crosses his aberdeen angus bull on the holsteins and achieves an excellent beef result at pre tnt he has a beef herd of 20 animals some 10 beef cahes go to market cver spring he owns sows on of which brought in a litter ing m during may the pigs it might be added that this farmer ncer has crippled pigs to con tend with there is a 3 acre pig and wood yard to the rear or the barn a tightly woven fence embraces the vard where the pigs are turned out all summer getting a healthful start from feeding on the early grass in the spring recalling that splendid crops enab led canadian farmers to supply the allies with an abundance of produce during the last great war this sea son s productive promise is regarded by mr newell as a significant blessing by mother nature who appears to be doing hpr part once again toward an allied lrtorj if potential production this year from the level acres of loam on the newell farm may be considered a standard for ontario then mother nature is in sympathy with the allied cause with the almost monotonously ire are never sprayed insect pest increase rapidly in on tarlo beven sprays now necessary by commercial growers to ensure clean apples says p w hodgetta of ontario fruit branch there are over one million apple trees in ontario that are never sprayed and should be out down as they arc hotbeds of disease says p w hodg ctts director of the fruit branch ont dept of agriculture toronto the lrst census howed there were over 300 000 farms in ontario with 170 000 of these farms having fruit trees mostly apples not 25 000 farmers sprayed their trees mr hodgetts sta ted insec pests have increased rapidly in the last 30 years due to neglected orchards in 1910 only three sprays- were nectssary to combat disease and produce good clean apples while in 1940 seven sprays or more will be need ed to ensure quality fruit san jose scale is still bad in south western ontario due to neglected or chants as breeding places mt hodgetts slated some of the 17 durirg the winter another bring jarger commercial growers were cut 14 during may in connection with un out d varietles oldi fr ting out ood varieties and older trees these varieties being removed inclu ded baldwins startts ontarios wag ners all low priced cooking apples- due to the lessened demand in com petitions with such varieties as mc intosh delicious and spy th is only one way to get rid of these aisease infested trees and hat is to appeal to the farmers good sense and community spirit said mr hodg us scientific agriculture great war time role the role of technical agriculture during the war said dr j m swaine director science senlce dominion diirtmrnt of agriculture in a recent address at mcmater university hamilton ont b clearly to assist in quent rain wels which in man cases maintaining i o ind agricultural in were bone dry last year arc filling ra pldly tlie onh drawback to the ab undant rroisture lies in ils deterring ilfect on hose few unfortunate farm ers who 1 ad not completed thtlr seed ig when the rains arrhed there is li e ixcti tional cast in the districts mar toionto and hamilton where rirmcr with cons der ible mamged i c mort than l eedint morton wilson in the family herald crops look favourable throughout the the importance of the annual clean np for all poultry yards and equip ment is a matter worthy of greater attention than the average flock man ager recognizes the practical value of maintaining sanitary conditions on tbe commercial poultry plant as well as on the farm has been proven many fines over the high death rate com manly encountered in laying stoc could be greatly lowered if flock ow ners woold practice even ordinary san itary precautions the year round mates g c hodgson poultry division central experimental farm ottawa june is an excellent month to start a concentrated clean up program keating material utter and overhead straw should be removed from the pens and burned all movable house fix tores should be taken out scraped acrubbed and disinfected within the ben house the floor walls ceiling dropping boards and feed hoppers should be thoroughly cleaned trie floors should get special attention as many pouultry diseases can be traced directlv to filthy floor conditions once the litter is removed the whole floor area should be carefully cleaned tight down to the concrete or bare boards and then thoroughly dlslntec led besides the hen house the brood cr hous fee house and colony hous es demarldequal care ir healthy chicks and layes are to be reared in succes dve years in all cleaning operations washing craping and the liberal use of disin fectant is strongly advised where pos stole water pressure applied by means of a hose is an excellent method of removing olrt not only from the walls and celling but also from the floor along with plenty of water lye and coal tar disinfectants should play a prominent part in the annual clean up a 3 per cent solution of lye 1 lb to 0 gallons of water should be vigor ously applied to walls and floors by means of a stiff brush old broom or spray pump cracks and crevices de mind careful cleaning positive pen etration of disinfectants into theat places of filth is good insurance of unproved health in next seasons stock in using disinfectants it is well to bear in mind that they are more efficient when made up to proper strength- for tbe purpose desired and also when applied to surfaces free of loose dirt of great importance during a general clean up is the realization that noth tag can substitute for thorough scrap ing with knife or other instrument and the washing of all parts of the house and of all utensils that come in con tact with the hens during the year tfla land lueir aronnor-taw- poultry dustry in cinidi compeunt to pl the agricultural products required to a greater degree lhan cer before iblc to furnish the united kingdom nd thf alios of canada with what eier the may need and to maintain a sinbihn that will make post war idjistnui s passible wftho it serious rengo h id lr dls irbanie ri at ihur wlth id ry dependent so nrgel oi oierseas irado and with hose mirkels greatly reduced and fut ire dimand extremili uncertain technical urrlcultun has before it a ureal field of work canada s largest this operation a real clean ip of non l a lajers and birds in poor health clean tli w rf tt- wlr exploited much attention ne weed or tne week la- been pien to selling apples and no iltrj in gnat britain probably too little to selling them in ontario and belo will b found a b synopsis of telegraphic reports received at the head office of the bank of montreal from its branchss under date of june 20th 1w0 geneltu in uie prairie provinces well dls tributed heavy rains and showers over the main wheat growing area have improved moisture conditions and crops on the whole are progressing fa vourably wheat presents an even healthy stand and is stooling well coarse grains are advancing satisfac torily grasshoppers are appearing in some districts but control measures are under way the most heavily infes ted areas are in southwestern sask atchewan and adjacent districts la al berta cutworms and wlreworms have caused slight damage and weed growth is strong in some districts pastures are in good condition in the prov ince of quebec seeding and planting have been completed under generally favourable conditions moisture is am pie and early growth has been satis factory in ontario all crops after a late start have progressed satlsfac tartly and prospects generally are lav ourable in the maritime provinces where the season has been late seed ing in backward sections is now nearing completion and early growth of potatoes fruits and hay shows good promise in british columbia benefl clal rains have fallen throughout the province and crops generally are showing tery satisfactory progress prairie provinces alberta crop conditions through out the province arc satisfactory and moisture supplies mare sufficient for the present but in sbmefljltricts good rains are required soon early sown wheat is stooling well and shows vlg orous growth grasshoppers have caused some damage in extreme south eastern arias pastures are in excel lent condition the sugar beet crop is favourable and thinning is well ad vanced saskatchewan crop conditions on the whole are satlsfac tory whtat is of even growth and coarse grains have made fairly good progress moderate to heavy general rains have been beneficial particularly in uie north and central districts where reserves were low grasshoppers art thrtatning crops and some dam ate has occurred in the southwestern area vh infestation is heaviest manitoba crops are advancing satisfactory under favorable weather conditions rainfall has been general and has proved most beneficial in the nurthfru ind central areas where condition were becoming serious whtat ls making good growth and is stoolln net while cool weather has held grasshoppers in check wireworms hat ca iscd some damage sugar beets lia germinated well growth has i retarded by cool vet weather province of quebec in the annapolis valley showed good bloom and other frulta promise weft province of british columbia cutting of the first crop of alfalfa ls general with a good average yield in prospect potatoes and tomatoes are growing satisfactorily with acreage increased about 20 per cent some damage from pests will reduce the on ion crop yield the peak of the straw berry season has passed with the crop not as heavy as originally anticipated raspberries are moving to market and picking of loganberries has commen ced orchards are in good condition but in the okanagan the cherry crop will be light and the apple crop ls es timated as likely to be below average a good yield of peaches and apricots ls expected pasturage ls plentiful and moisture conditions have impro ved with the water reserve for irriga tion purposes about normal ing out a flock of unproductive birds often eraolcates many potential dls carriers and in this manner alone the health of the whole jock is im proved and the mortality of the com this annual weed now m flower lngwinter correspondingly reduced 1 so pitvalm in ontario th it a dts wild ml star the importance of the annual clean up canno be over emphasized the cssentlalness of this practice in good poultry management has shown itself worthy many times over in lowered flock mortality improved health liv ability and increased egg production hay making rain or shine buildings needs care the runways that were used last year and are now idle should be ploughed cultivated le veiled off and seeded to clover or alf alfa this is not only a good sanitary measure but also provides excellent range for next year s stock rotation of runs keeps the land sweet and clean at au times tne general raking up of old sticks papers and other trash which has ac cumulated- during the past months aakas a tremendous difference not ttsj to tbe look but also to the clean nmb of any poultry yard ctahtnfe a this tune of year should jfco fet manuoned as many consider weather man the o d maxim make hay while the sun shines is fast losing its universal application in connection wl h the pro cess of converting grass and legume crops into teed for livestock the re latlvely rcwer method of ensiling these crops enables the grower to pro duce a good quality of feed under ad verse weather conditions which might render hay making impossible states p o ripley field husbandry division dominion experimental farms ser vice this does not mean that rainy ealher is more suitable than fine weather for making silage but since it takes several days to make grasses and legumes into hay while they can be ensiled immediately as cut the chance ol weather damage ls practlc ally eliminated by the laittr method for sixteen years the field h isband division central experimental farm ottawa has conduced experi ments wltl regard to various methods ensiling some 20 different crops red clovr or alfalfa cut when in full bloom sweet clover in the bud stage and timothy oats and baric cut just after heading have all been made into excellent silage the moist ire content of the crop ls extremely important in making silage if it ls too wit thirc ls danger of rotting and if too dry mould ing may lake place normnllj a mols ture corwnt of 70 per cent ls nearly ideal u d cutting at the stages men tloned above will give approximately the correct amount of moisture pro vidlng here is not loo much added by the outride influence of dew or rain as fur her insurance against possible spoilage in the silo the addition of molasses to grasses and legumes for silage ls recommended molasses pro vldes the necessary carbohydrates up on whlcn bacteria may feed to pro duce lactic held wnicnm rum pre serves the silage these materials al though relatively high in com are comparatively low in grasses and leg umes and their addition artificially to the latter crops is therefore recom mended approximately 60 pounds of molasses per ton of crop ensiled should give good results the more adverse the weather conditions the greater the need for adding molasses grasses and legumes properly han died as silage wll provide highly nut rltlous feed with comparative little loss and at relatively low cost in con trast to hay making ensiling ls not so dependent on the whims of the enption o the plant ls hardly neccs sary tie seed is back 1 16 of an inch in diameter perfect 1 spherical revmbhng rape or t irnip eed and re tains its ltallty tor many jiars wlun b iri d in the soil sa the crops seeds and weed br inch ont depl a atjric iturc toronto an avtrage plant produces about 11000 seeus the seeds are dispersed by ur and birds but chiefly as an impurity in seeds coi tra v to the belli f of many far mers a heavy infestation of wild mustard docs reduce tlu yield of grain by as much a 8 or 10 busheis per acre by the deletion of soil molsture and plant foot pull stray plants when in bloom win re a field is badly infested delay seedng to allow for more thorough iiiluvalioi thereby killing myriads of young plants before grain is sown harrow the field when the grain is two or three inches with a light harrow or ioe an implement known as a fing ir weedtr tht young seedlings are tasily dislodged without material in jury being done to the grain crop fol low by after harvest cultivation stir ring the foil to a depth of 2 to 4 in dies to 1 lducc the germination of as much jk1 as possible later destroying the young planus by subsequent culti vation spray the area with a solution made jp of 30 bs of copper sulphate or bl it stone lo 100 gallons of wau r ap p y on a cilm day as soon as uie first plants comi into flower prov inces soil fertility must b improved and maintained the best cultural practices employed the best ed produced and used im proved arntis diveloped and util ilnn l i d animal pests and ilseascs controlled new uses for agri ultural product found and exploited toiage aid processing facilities used much more txtinshely and produc ion and mark ting policies and edu cilional jrogiams carried through as if recti civ as possible canadian produce should be of the finest quality with the grea est economic production xr acre ii order to obtain the lowest ixislble cost to the producer and to the cons tmer ir all this work scientific technical blrieultuie must give leadership and guidance for on its help the agricul t ral ommunitj will be dependent as never before in the hlslory of canada careful planning by agricultural lead rs and by individual farmers will be bsolutely necessary in order for agti lit uc to plnv its part success full v ir he vears ahead part successfully in wipe frank says hls faiher could tht floor with you dad you didn t let him get awa lint did you y no rir i told him to br n his d tomorrow and prove fit her ro i host nbeni mlndedly to singer will voi give vour sonjr now oi hall we let the guests enjoy them iv- fo another half hour liasi otia wa valley seeding and planting have been completed there is ample moistur aid grains have germinated well and show good growth pastures ire in excellent condition and a good hay crop is in prospect orchards bios omed wi 11 btrawberrles and other small fruil give promise of a good y eld lower st lawrence and lake st john district seed ing and planting are practically com pleted there ls ample moisture and germination has been good warm weather ls now needed to promote growth pastures are in good condl lion province of ontario frequent rains have caused rapid growth but warm dry weather is now needed crops on low lands have suf fered from excessive moisture and in eastern actions some areas have had to be resown fall wheat is in shot blade ind prospects are favourable spring grains are making good pro ress planting of corn and roots de layed by wet weather ls practically completed sugar beets are satlsfac tory and thinning is in progress pas turage ls ample and in excellent con diuon a heavy hay crop seems as sured and culling has commenced in ome sections a good yield of straw bi rnes is indicated other small fruits ne promising the set of early apples ls satisfactory transplanting of to bacco has been completed under fav ournble cc editions maritime provinces molsture conditions are satisfactory with the advent of warmer weather termination should be rapid potato planting in new brunswick ls comple ted and early growth has been satis factory hay lands and pastures are lr efficient system for food production foresight in evolving an efficient system of food production capable of functioning in canada under any eventuality is reflected in the recent speech of the hon j a gardiner do minion minister of agriculture in the house of commons on the war appropriation bill before the war came said mr gardiner the gov ernment had reorganized the domin ion department of agriculture into four divisions with a director over each division it was done because the government realized as a result of the experiences we were having in tbe british market that something very unusual was going on in the continent of europe it was done too as a re sult of an action taken by the prime minister which had some relationship to myself as minister of agriculture in the spring of 1936 when he said to me that he desired to go to great britain and europe when i asked him why he replied no one can ad minister tne department of agricul ture in tht dominion of canada a country producing the large surpluses we produce for marketing in great britain or on the continent without having an intimate knowledge of what ls going on both in great britain and on the continent i repeat continued mr gardiner that as d result of the experience gained at that lme we reorganized the department and changed it from a department composed of a dozen or more branches to a department organ ized under four directors a deputy minister and an assistant deputy min ster th day war was declared the principal officers of the department were called together to discuss the part to be played by agriculture in war activity an agricultural supplies bo uf six member was e tablisned the board together with the department commenced immedia tely to deal with the agricultural situ ations arising out of the war co operation with provincial authorities with advisory boards and with other dominion government bodies was ought from the beginning to acjhn- plish th following things 1 to es tablish constructive direction for agri cultural production 2 to make av ailable for export those commodities required bv great britain 3 to con- erve essential supplies such as feed ing materials insecticides and fertil- zers needed to meet the production of r farm products m canada and 4 to insist in the marketing of surplus farm products all these things have been done thx special committees of the agri cultural supplies board in every prov ince of canada cover practically every phase il agriculture other war time boards ar d committees functioning since the outbreak of war are the war times price and trade board the bacon board the wool controller the sugar aomlnlstrator the hides and leather administrator the committee on animal feeds together with sub committees set up under the direction of the boards the farmers through out canada have been kept informed of developments through these vari ous committees and organizations as well as directly through agricultural representatives the newspapers and the radio did you get home all right last night sir passenger of course whyask conductor well when you got up and gave the lady your seat last night you were the only two in the car i ls cslimaled by uie agricultural supplies board tluit 22oo0 acres oe setd d to fibre flax in canada 1m0 tilth will make available xporl o the united kingdom ap prommak ij i 000 urns of fibre and j 000 tons of low the production oi seed from tht 1940 crop ls placed ni 110 000 bushcls of which 48 000 bush els wll bi required tor seeding in canada in 194 leaving 63 000 bushels ivallablc lor shipment lo northern ireland in 1939 the total acreage a lore llax mitring commerce in can ada was t lima ted at b000 acres binco btpttmber iujs when the ex lort of f bre flax seed was prohibited by order lncounctl and the agricul lo purch sc all available supplies of eed for re sale to producers in north em irelard and in canada 31 488 bushels oi seed have been purchased by the seed supply committee which u a sub committee or the board of this quantity 17 754 bushels have been shipped without loss to northern ire land and the remainder less a small amount at present on hand has been sold at cost to producers in canada distributions have varied from s bush- els to rjeajux00o bushels profesaof did you hear that ignor ant person snoring during my lee ture friend yes he woke me up several times and beauty of home onctegaed by brantford ponfino the safety of your home la increased by the te ct btmntford aaphalt sutet on your root the extra protection from tparki and emben save up to 20 of insurance premiums in many communities the beauty of your home it given new distinction nd charm by the use of brandon asphalt slate the variety of shades obtainable provide an almost unlimited selection of smart design quality of brantford roofing materials 1 eed br our reputation established during 35 f c c b br roof- and you buy satisfaction ask your nearest brantford roofing dealer to- how you the wide selection of designs and colour harmonics sold by reliable dealers everywhere brantford roofs brantford roofing company limited for sob fc brantford ontario ml e ca georgetown lumber co ltd