The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

the georgetown herald wejneaday evening july 31 at 1940 our farivfpage a items of interest every farmer to hon mr gardiner tells how war events ailed farm markets an outline of the situation as it codsts at present in regard to agricul tural supplies and the war was given by bon james o gardiner dominion minister of arloulture when the con ference oi dominion and provincial representatives opened tn ottawa on july 18th the conference continued until july 20th mf gardiner said the purpose of the conference was to continue the dis cussions which were begun at the start f the war it was then he explained impossible to lay down a definite itoucy or program for any tune ahead other than that fanners should con tinue to dc what they had been doing liefore the war since then events of uch an unforeseen character have oc curred that it is now impossible to change the policy with regard to agrfc- culture and it is impossible to fore cast events for even a month ahead referring to the possibility of a mar- feet for canadian food products in opeat britain mr gardiner said the statement of the british minister of agriculture and also of the british prime minister was that britain is not worrying at present about us food supply whether there will be cause xor concern next year time and events will disclose over there they are trv- xng to step up the production of their own food supplies what is happen- tag throughout the world is undoubt- cdly going to affect the sale of cana dlan farm products detrimentally or otherwise mr gardiner gave an outline of i what has 1seen done in connection sfth the marketing of the 1939 can adian commercial crop and also out lined the principal points of the bacon agreement between canada and the british ministry of food under which the dominion is supplying 5 600 000 lb of bacon weekly for the time be ing britain does not want additional quantities mr gardiner explained that britain and canada are file only markets at present for canadian ba the one bright spot in the market ing situation is that dairy products especially canadian cheese are want ed by great britain and also certain concentrated forms of milk are also in demand mr gai diner in referring to wheat aid there is now at least 250 million bushels of wheat in the elevators in canada the 1940 crop may total 400 million bushels allowing 150 million busnels for food and seed and other purposes to meet the entire needs of the people of canada there will be after the years harvest a total of at least 500 million bushels on band there is storage space in terminal country and other elevators of 440 million bushels britain in peace time only buys 200 million bushels from all countries and it cannot be expected that all its- purchases of wheat in war lime will be made in canada britain is now the only possible market for canadian wheat france and other european countries are now out of the market the result of the present situation is that about 300000 families in western canada are going to be affected by the cutting off of wheat exports or sales mr gardiner said the problem with which western fanners would be con fronted would require careful study by the government fall rye for pasture fall rye has proved to be one of the best crops for early spring pasture seeded as early as august 1 fall rye will usually provide some fall pasture that year but if seeded later than september 15 it should not be grazed until the following spring states f s nowosad division of forage plants dominion experimental farms service fall rye seeded alone in the spring is not a very good supplementary pasture to a permanent summer pas ture but if seeded in a mixture with oats it will produce good yields of i nutritious and palatable forage at i first the bulk of the forage will be oats although even at that time he fall rye will give a good bottom to the pasture ef not grazed too close fall rye will continue to supply con stderable pasture until freeze up the use of fall rye for early spring pasture is becoming increasingly popu lar in experiments conducted at most branch experimental stations and at ottawa fall rye has provided from two to four weeks of early spring pasture if judiciously handled and was ready at least two weeks be fore other pastures could be grazed following early spring pasture the land may be plowed cultivated and seeded to other crops such as corn millet sudan grass or rape in this way it ls possible to grow fall rye for pasture without seriously changing the usual crop rotation fall rye should be seeded at 1 to 2 bubmlt if seeded alone or at 1 bushel if seeded in a mixture with 2 bushels or oats per acre the varieties recommended are m c 514 rosen and crown for the very earliest pastures dakold a very hardy variety s late and prostrate in habit of growth at first but it may be ised to furnish pasture a little later thor- the other varieties men tlonecl qtsnap5hft guild informal portraits outdoors excellent likenesses and a atory idea make thia picture a flne example of a good informal portrait snapshot evert family album or picture collection should include good informal portraits of the family a members but many amateur pho tographers do not know how to tj informal portraits or realize now these differ from other popular types of pictures in the first place an informal portrait should not resemble a for mal studio portrait they are entire- j different and as a matter of fact the formal portrait can ba taken much better by a professional pho- totrapher who has a wellequlppea tttdlo with proper lighting equip ment and a sound technical know- r of portraiture tfae two main requirements of a good informal portrait are first a ood likeness of the auhject or sub jects aad second a suggestion of euoa or a story idea in tact the tbfenavl portrait ls closely akin to the storyuning type of snapshot to obtain a good likeness in doors or out you need a nicely sslattcod tirthg on the subjects f a hgmfrg is particular that fa not too 0oktrastt infeors neb two photo bulbs one to illuminate each side of the subject outdoors a pleasing soft lighting can be ob talned by placing the subject in open shade for example on the shady side of the house under the open sky for a lighting with a little more sparkle place the subject in nun shine but have the sun to one side then use a reflector such as a white sheet or large card to llluml nate the shadow side of the face in the picture above the sun is th tigh and a w boose to the left acts as a reflector the sub jects held still for this shot and to insure plenty of exposure for the shadows the picture was taken at f8 and 126 second on average speed dim the same exposure would be correct for these subjects in open shade the atory idea of course is ob- tloua and gives the picture added interest value try to include such a story or theme in each of your informal portrait snaps of the tmxn lly and youll find the picture hare mora sndurlna appeal 2s2 jonav v weed of the week chicory chicory ls a persistent perennial weed with a deep tap root introduc ed from europe years ago it was grown as a cultivated plant for its roots which were ground and mixed with coffee at the present time it is considered one of ontario s trouble some weeds on roadsides fence lines vacant places and occasionally in cul tivated fields this weed may be dis tlngulshed by its almost leafless much branched stems bearing num erous dusters of flower heads on the naked branches the flowers are about li inches across bright blue in color nndf usually dosed in mid- afternoon the leaves which are long with irregular edges spread out oh the ground and resemble those of the common dandelion states john d macleod ont dept of agriculture toronto the presence of chicory in a culti vated field is an indication of lack of thorough cultivation a short rota tion of crops ls important with deep ploughing as soon as the crop has been removed followed by thorough cultivation until late fall using broad sharp shares which overlap on the cultivator a hoed crop following this method should clean up all chicory you can keep on pulling chicory but due to thpoength of the roots plants cannot be pulled out successfully scattered plants may be spudded off well below the crown a 100 per cent eradication of chic ory by the use of chemicals is possible and this method is recommended for areas where cultivation ls impossible consult your agricultural representa ttve regarding the use of chemicals an average plant of chicory will produce 3000 seeds therefore the 1m portance of destroying plants before eeds mature cannot be emphasized too strongly the seeds are impuri lies in dover seed and are very dlffl cult to remove this weed is now established in every county and district in the pro vlnce and is growing more objection able each year complete eradication should be the objective of every far mer and township council mr mao leod states according to the report for 1939 and up to july 1 1940 of the national barley and linseed flax committee submitted at the recent meeting of the natloral advisory committee on agricultural services hdd in ottawa on july 17th the results of the barley feeding experiments show conclusively that barley ls superior to corn or oats as a feed for bacon production this superiority ls both in the cost of pro duction and in the quality of bacon produced the grades of feed barley havt been improved to meet this de mand there ls however continues the report a further problem that might be considered by the national feed committee namely that of grading barley meal tlit bacon board anonunced on jul 18 h establishment of prices for ixiiort bacon based on si 7 70 for a trradc no 1 sizeable wiltshire fob canadian seaboard for product put in cure commenting monday july 22nd tilts is an increase in price of 50 cent ixr hundred pounds over the previous established price and restores export bacon prices to the same level pre ailing during the winter months soil is alif soil mlciobloloirj has ciuht us that the soil in addition to iu chemt cil and physical porperties has those of a living organism in that it ls teeming with bacteria rumi protozoa mid smeller numbers of many other forms says dr j m swnine direc tor of science service dominion de urtment of agriculture recent re searches on the physiology if soil or bimlsms are changing our whole view on the nature of soil feuilitv and the processes which undeille it over our fence acton weddings at a ceremony at the presbyterian manse on saturday july 20th rev h l bennle united in marriage bessie victoria vlckers of canfteld and newton francis hurst of acton at the erin home of mr and mrs kenneth mcdougall marion mabel hepburn of everton was married to errett william sunter of acton she was gowned in white slhc net over white satin with an embroidered pink net jacket and a headdress of pink roses and forgetme nots drowning at eden mills a ten vearold toronto boy peter worslcy was drowned at eden mills on july 21st he had been visiting in acton with his aunt mre mary zink and was swimming in the pool at edgewood park whtn the accident oc curred former actonlte dies at aurora thomas palmerston martin highly- respected resident or acton died at the home of his son leslie in aurora on friday july 19th he was in his eightieth year another son john live in guelph and a daughter anne is in toronto mrv lronard lovcll loses father j a mc lac hi an father of mrs lionard lovel of acton and a for mer postmaster of alton died at his home there recently he was 66 years old acton free prtss glimpses of parliament by hughes cleaver hsltons member 4 the united drug co is donating two imbulaiues to the government for war purposes for every dollar that rexall employees and agents give for this purpose the company adds two dollars towards the purchase of the ambulances this column irrlved too late for publication last week for readers who follow our members work at ottawa we print it this week so they may keep uptouate on affairs at the capital ottawa july 22nd 1940 during the past week considerable progress was made with the depart mental estimates and sufficient pro gress was mode with respect to all of the legislation which will require to be dealt with at this session to indi cate that the present session may end about august 3rd it is generally conceded here that the house will prorogue rather than adjourn but will be recalled during the mu rather than early in the new year the usual practice the banking and commerce com mittee of which i have been a mem ber for the past four years dealt with two important bias during the week the bill to permit the wheat pools of the west to incorporate a profit shar ing insurance company was finally ap proved of by the committee with amendments after four sittings of the committee the alberta bank bill is now before us for considera tion and us meeting with considerable opposition on account of the fact that its directors are to be members of the i aberhart cabinet alberta being the only province in the dominion to de fault on its bonds there is consider able doubt as to the safety of entrust- i ing the responsibilities of a bank to a defaulting government those spon soring the bill claim that such a bank will be of material assistance to the business life of the province so fa i as i am concerned personally i have already indicated in committee that in my opinion all of the financial safeguards required toy the bank act should be demanded and that if the province of alberta will accept the necessary amendments then the char ter should be granted the require ments of the bank act would safe guard all deposits against loss and in my oplnlor the proponents of social credit should be given an opportunity of demonstrating whether their theory ls practical or otherwise while i do not belierve their theory has any merit yet there are many people who believe it has and unde prope safegua they shouidbe permitted to prove or explode that theory all of alberta s it tempts to date have been unsuccess ful and tl eir sole remaining claim that they could obtain tiie results thev promised the electors if they had a bank could now be disposed of if granted banking facilities this would give thel theory a fair trial and aould clear the air and end the con troversy the ur employment insurance bill was introduced this week and was referred to a special committee of the house on second reading of the bill all parties of the house sup ported the principle of the bill but a few of the members tndudlng mr t l church mp of toronto thought ihnt it should not be put into effect during wartime it is evident that the canadian chamber of commerce ind the canadian manufacturers as soclatlon intend to raise some objec a kind word for skunks although they occasionally raid chicken pens skunks are not the men ace that many farmers si pjwse it is filmed by malcolm w bi ly in an aiiicle published in the boston monl tor this ii tic mitral railed b zoo log ists mphitls ls the greatest single enemy of the army worm tomato worm potato bug grasshtiprjer and caterpillars mr bnyley writes in defence of the skunk now mr skunk dots take a chicken now and then especially a er young one that con be caught on the ground but not one in 500 of his tribe ever tastes chicken in the irst place the skunk is too heavy and clumsy to climb a roost and chickens are not his natural food one well known naturalist writes lhat he has know a mother skunk to make her nest and iear her young in the inner walls of a chicken yard without mo lc sting egg or fowl usually if found in a hen house a skunk has been at tracted there to finish up the kill of another animal most often the rat rarely a skunk becomes demoralized by the tastc of chicken meat and will pirsue a chicken even in broad day light obviously he should pay the penalty but the few chickens eaten by skunks are small compensation in deed fo- the destruction of field mice and various forms of vermin con mder what the school of forestry conservalon of the university of michigan sayb in one of its bulletins d irlng a period of two years the food of 1 700 skunks was examined ami rnrnjiil lyiwih mprl t rhttf1 number it was found to consist of 57 per cent insects 18 per cent wild ber rles 12 per cent grain 10 per cent rodents and 2 per cent birds lndud- ing poultry our biologists at washington say the skunk has the uncanny faculty of being able to hear and smell down in the ground the grubs that cannot be reached by birds these he digs out before they can emerge and mul tiply m an eightacre field to mani toba biologists found that skunks were destroying 1400 white grubs to ttae acre and every fanner knows how voraciously this un dweller devours the roots of gaasaun grain legumes stramfeemes p and th like qusnapshot guild outdoor silhouettes lions but if i have an accurate impres sion of the feeling of the house the act will become law this year wo have had to wait a long time for it and the last five years when we were held up through constitutional difficulties caused through some of the provinces declining to assent to an extension of federal jurisdiction were especially disappointing we now have- the ne cessary jurisdiction and z do not think that anything will now be per mitted to delay the measure further the measure ls in many respects si milar to the bennett act of 1936 which was then held to be ultra vires be cause of the fact that it had been passed before the federal government had obtained the necessary extension to its jurisdiction the present act takes in a much wider group of em ployees than did the bennett act it ls estimated that over two million workers will be benefitted by it both employers and employees are to make equal contxhbutlon to the insurance fund the government is to contri bute a smaller amount but in addi tion is to set up employment agencies across canada and is to bear cost of administration of the act tills addi tional contribution of services should bring up the governments contribu tion to an amount equal to that con tributed by each of the other groups while i am strongly supporting the measure yet it is a matter of regret to me that no attempt ls being made to take care of the problem of those who only rave casual or seasonal em ployment this problem will eventu ally have be tackled as on account of our climate seasonal unemployment- is rauh more prevalent here than in many other countries during the week the many farm problems were discussed when the es timates of the department of agri culture were being considered with a surplus now of about 250 million busnels of wheat and the prospects of a crop this year reaching 400 million bushels it ls apparent that our storage facilities will be taxed to capacity this fall the softening in pork prices will not encourage any further expan sion of this line but cattle prices are now more attractive and this part of the industry will doubtless expand the determined effort on the part of the government to prevent excess pro fits in industry and to prevent any substantial increase in the cost of living will mean that during this war farmers will not make the profits which thej made during the last war but it will also mean that agriculture will not suffer the loss which it sus tained in the years following the last war a short study of the figures shows how important it is to prevent any substantial increase in the cost living during the last war living costs per family in canada increased on the average a little over 7 00 per week take a pencil multiply this 7 00 figure by fifty two weeks in the year and then multiply it by three million rmllies in canada and you will have a total greater than the an nual amount we are spending on the war the excess profits tax act was given first reading this week under this act we take in taxation 75 per cent of all of the excess profits of the industry in addition to this the business tax of 18 per cent is main tained and a further tax ls levied bringing tre business tax up to 33 per cent with respect to industries which do not earn excess profits the c c f members of the house have contended that we should take 100 per cent of the excess profits as ls done in great britain but in great bri tain there is no other business tax such as we have and we believe that more money will be raised in canada- through our basis of taxation than would be raised under a 100 per cent excess profits tax and it has the added advantage of giving financial encouragement to the efficient man agement of business its easy to take silhouette snaps such aa this in lata afternoon and they add interest to your album silhouette plctureb are easy to take outdoors and there s an i interesting dramatic quality about these shots that makes them worth while additions to your picture col lection strictly speaking a silhouette picture consists only of black and white a black subject against a pure white background with all de- tall eliminated there s no need however to drsw the line so s i o pict f example observe the picture above there s a certain amount of detail retained in the water and thia helps make the picture even more interesting hera how u iboljna taken first the photographer stood at a point where the sun was squarely behind the tree tn the foreground the purpose of thto was to keep the aun from shining into the lent for that would hava spoiled the pic ture rtexl the photographer sat kls leas and asbttsr for leas than am- late afternoon the full normal ex posure would have been perhaps 125 second at f8 in this case the exposure was probably 1100 sec ond at fil or f16 a snapshot ex posure at this hour using the sec ond stop opening on a box camera and average speed film would also have been just about right for the silhouette effect the effect of underexposure in these shots is to black out shadow detail so that ynu gnt a good strong silhouette naturally a subjeot such as a person should usually be posed in profile then the outline of the features will show clearly in taklngsllhouette pictures re member always to choose an hour when the aun is fairly low lu the sky hare the ann squarely behind the subject or some object in the scene and give less than normal exposure follow these rules and youll gat good clear silhouette snaps that will add mterett to your aoalmsr 1 with many summer days yet to cotne the canadian red cross society is already thinking in terms 6t faq and winter and women all over the country are urged to knit gloves mit tens caps and helmets for men of all branches of the active service these articles will be needed by the thousands says mrs wallace campbell national chairman of the women s war work committee in these days of warm weather some might find it hard to concentrate on the need for woollen gloves and hd- mets but the canadian red cross must continue its policy of being pre pared and fully equipped to meet any emergency the same all service wool used for socks ma be used for gloves mittens helmets and caps mrs campbell says instructions for all types of these articles are in the red cross knitting book and should be followed care fully we must of oourse keep current with th yearround demand for socks he continued but gloves and helmets must also claim a great deal of our attention all through the months since war was declared we have been able to meet every emer- gency at home and overseas for tie ample reason ulatro wume u oaa ada have been mhng the artldes we need moat rather than the things thex themselves like to make its an 111 wind that bines naefoody gukl the esxthquske wnacb struck chile two years ago has given our stock b some nice export busl- nesa the n buyers are under stood to hsrve orders to purchase 400 head of mcav hotateta heifers per year for the next two or three yean a ahjpment of btrttuh owsntwna and on tario milking goats has also lsft sov etna lootouy