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•% THE MCHEXRY PLAINDEALER. MCHENHY. EL ;ecu Doomed the W\it\ UBoat mwmm S. DCftC SCJf. OilontfcylxHiricoi <nr(*?c*. nrau/teahw, movements erroitc after thia attack Attmek Unit/fi t HATEVER plans Germany may be making for the "next war," if In truth she is or ever will be capable of carrying them oat, it is certain that the submarine will play no part in her schemes. The submarine' is dead. The Uboat peril has vanished forever, never to be resurrected. The collapse of submarine .warfare during the closing months of the European conflict and the prediction that its resumption may never be seriously le;aud again, was the result of the invention in the United States of a wonderful listening device, or submarine detector, which came very close to driving the Hun submersible from the ocean, and would have done so. In the opinion of naval experts, bad the war continued througli another summer. As soon as the United States entered the war the navy department formed a special board to develop ways and means for combating the U-boat peril, then growing to alarming proportions. This board consisted largely of officers from the bureau of steam engineering, of which Rear Ad-' miral R. S. Griffin is chief. It culled to its assistance In an advisory capacity many noted engineers and scientists from industrial concerns, including the General Electric company, represented by Dr. W. R. Whitney, director of that company's research laboratories. Commander C. S. McDowell, U. S. N.. served as executive secretary of the board, while the other advisory members were Col. F. B. Jewett of the Western Electric company, and Prof. R. A. Millikan of the University of Chicago. Development headquarters were established at New London, Conn. The General Electric company in conjunction with the Submarine Signal company of Boston started an experimental field station at Nahant, Mass., and were later joined byexperts from the Western Electric company. ^ Out of the activities of these two groups of scientists there was developed the American listening device, an Instrument which firoved to b^ able successfully to detect submarines while submerged within range of anywhere between 3 and 12 miles. Even with the signing of the peace treaty little can yet be known of the details of this device. It Is, however, an instrument using the principle of sodnd-wave transmission through water in a new and startling way and It depends for its direction- getting qualities on the peculiar and littleunderatood faculty of the human ear to detect the direction of sound by the shifting of sound from one ear to the other as the instrument was re-' •olved. As soon as the device was considered practical the General Electric company undertook its manufacture on a large scale in Lynn. Mass., developing three kinds of listeners: One which was hung; overboard from the deck of submarine chasers, another which could be trailed off the stern and athird which protruded through the hull of the vessel. American destroyers, chasers and submarines were at once equipped with the instrument. When the submarine detector had' been turned out In sufficient quantity, the navy department believed that the allies should get the benefit of the L/j7T/Y//yG#£y/c£ a/y/:wD)t'&jMSM<u?j/y£ periscope above the wave*, were augmented hfr submarine chasers equipped with listening devices, and hunted the submarine In its underwater lair. lTp to this time the British Jiad been fraiikly disappointed in results. It had been a rare thing for a submarine chaser to actually see a subma- ?ne. Days would go by without sight of one. et sinkings continued to "multiply, tonnage de- _ creased alarmingly and the rates of destruction an<l construction constantly approached the danger point. It was apparent that if an improvement in this situation could not he effected the allies faced privation, if not actual starvation, and any material help from America either in the form of men or supplies would be Impossible. . • .; The success of the device is well illustrated by the chart shown herewith which gives a vivid picture of the chase of an enemy U-boat in the English channel and demonstrated the ability of t|»e listeners to keep hot on the trail of the submarine, doubling and crossing in an effort to escape. ^ This dramatic incident--one of many--is Vividly described in the following report of the engagement in question: ^ "At 1o'clock unit No. 6 'fixed' (located bjr trianguhition) a submarine directly ahead at a dis- * tanco of 100 yards; immediately carried out threeboat barrage attack, each boat letting go three stern charges and 'Y' gun. Pattern laid symmetrically, thoroughly covering any possible maneuver of the submarine. Stopped and listened. So hearing for altout 20 minutes. Then got con- - tact. Distinct sound of submarine making noise as if shafts were badly bent. Also giving out • squeaking sound. Submarine sounded as If having ... . , *rcat difficulty in keeping propeller going. She Invention at once. A special service party, iti^l ^ ^,|(1(ed frequently. We followed. charge of Capt. R. H. Leigh of the bureau of steam engineering, was formed to take samples of the apparatus abroad and test it under actual conditions before the British admiralty. The instrument was likewise demonstrated to the French and Italian navies. The party consisted, besides Captain Leigh, of Lieutenant Carter. U. S. N.. Ensign Welch, U. S. N. R. F., six enlisted men, C. E. Eveleth, C. F. Scott, and T. P. Collins of the General Electric company, representing the Nahant group, and W. L. Nelson of the Western Electric company, who was connected with wireless development. They sailed November 22. 1917. and joined the British grand fleet at Scapa Flow in th# Orkpe.v islands during the first week of the following month. The admiralty and the supreme war council shortly afterward adopted the American device and from that time on submarine patrol work was revolutionized. Defensive Jactics which had been employed since 1914 were now no longer the sole reliance. The war was carried Into the enemy's territory. Fighting ships, instead of patrolling the steamship lanes looking tor a stray "sab" to.pfcke its Heard '•submarine hammering, squeaking, straining, running Intermittently, apparently with great dlfllculty and for short periods. "The second depth charge of this at'ack threw Into the air a iiO-foot to 00-foot cylindrical black Object about the size of a depth charge. . Another depth charge attack carried out. Submarine had gradually been muklng shorter turns for some time. . . . From this point on believe submarine bottomed and was never able to move except to stjrt and scrape along the bottom a short /flUtance. Noises indicated this." Word was then sent to Penzance for additional depth charges and a radio dispatched to the base for a destroyer post haste. "Subsequent events." continues (lie "show that submarine never moved from this s^ot. Noises indicated repair. Occasional unsuccessful attempts to start motor . . . sounds rapidly becoming less frequent." When morning came the submarine chasers and the destroyer which had been sent to their assistance gathered near the spot where the crippled submarine ias resting at the bottom. Sounds ofr" feverish activity within the submarine's hull were distinctly heard. 1 Suddenly there was a dead silence. Then 25 revolver shots l*ang out--three first, followeJ by 22. "Taking into consideration all circumstances and events." continues the account, "conclude submarine damaged externally, unable to start motor after repeated attempts. Unable to rise to surface and Is on bottom in the vicinity. Reports of listeners substantiate .this conclusion." t As a matter of fact, the British naval intelligence department learned later that the crew of a German submarine had been lost in the English channel about this very time. The report, as they obtained it, indicated that the Hun boat had been trapped on the bottom and so seriously damaged she was unable to rise. \ * C. S. Scott, engineer of the (General Electric company and member of the special party sent abroad, contributes this incident which happened in the Adriatic sea: "We had '16 chasers based in a little bay on the Island of Corfu and the barrage of boats extended across the Straits of Otranto, a distance of about 40 miles. The chasers were operated in units of thre<\ which on patrol kept about one mile apart. A distance of five miles was kept between units. Conditions in the Adriatic were Ideal for limiting submarines. The water was very deep, ranging from 400 to 600 fathoms, which meant that the submarines when hard pressed could not seek shallow water as was their custom in the English channel and the North sea. Due to less shipping traffic in these waters there was practically no sound Interference, which made for very good listening. "Many successful attacks were made In these waters, one in particular being quite exciting. "One of the ships In a unit heard what sounded like a submarine. In a few minutes all three listen* ers had picked him up and the bearing of hia course was being plotted. The middle chaser, the tlagship, was getting readings showing that th# submarine was in a .direct line astern and steaiu. ing toward her. "The sound was very loud, as If the sub must be vpry close. Suddenly the water began to slap the bottom of the boat, so that everyone could feel it; and the next moment the observer reported that his bearing on the submarine had changed front 180 degrees, which was dead astern, to three dfr grees, which was on our bows. The submerged submarine had passed directly under the center boat. All three boats were immediately got under way and the attack was delivered. After all the, depth < harges had been dropped, the ships were stopped and observations again taken. A pro* peller was heard to start up and ran for about 307 seconds; and then a crunching noise was heard. It was quite evident that the sub, having been put out of i-ontrol. sank to the bottom and had col* lapsed due to the tremendous pressure at these depths. We went back to the spot next morning and found an oil slick two miles long by 800 yard* wide on the surface of the water." The development of the submarine detector was the result of the foresighted vision of the navy department and the generous co-operation extended by private manufacturers who had placed theiren tire organizations at the disposal of the gov ernment for the period of the war. targe electrical manufacturers with exceptional facilities for research and experimental work: were able to render invaluable assistance in crack-, ing the submarine "nut." In fact, it may be said that "big business" in the commonly accepted meaning of the term, will be^ found to have contributed a very large share to-* ward winning the war when the whole record of this war's inventions comes to be written. I "BAYER CROSS" ON GENUINE ASPIRIN Glad and Sad. «t presume you're mighty glad the wair is over tnd you have your ;%osband safely nome again."* I congratulated our colored laundress. "Well, in some respects It's a standoft." she slowly made answer. -I allowed that Bud wasn't in no more danger takln' <-nre of mules ove*- there than he was in takin' care of hosse* «>ver here, &nt! while 1 : wasn't: sure vW e he efts wt; o' nigh?1. 1 fcnowed where he wasn't down' to the corner i Clanvllle lodge, an*1 estate mentioned In saloon here. an' that was coinfortin'. An' while I'se glad to have him back. I knows I ain't never goin' to get money from him so, reg'lar as I did while Uncle Sam was a-handlln' his financial affairs."--Chicago Tribune. To Sell Chaucer's Old Manor. dhaucer owned the manor and advowson to the living of Weyhill. which ^ ere presented by Charles I to Queen's college. Oxford, for services rendered daring the civil vara. Near Weyhill h the Doomsday book, now only 12(f acres, with a comfortable residence, which will be offeiVd with possession and the 'ordship of the manor, at auction at Audover. The outlying land. nboUt thirteen hundred acres, on the Vyne estate, Hants, is coming luuityr the hammer soon.--^London Times. Discussing It, as It Were. Arthur was a little city boy spending his vacation on his uncle's farm. "One dajr/lm QBcHt and atnrt went - tftjtea a funeral and instructed Arthur to' drive the cows up from the pasture* and feed the poultry. On their return, they found the cotvs had been attended* to, but that the food l^ft for the poul-* fry was untouched. ' His ancle asked, if he had fed them. " "Sure I did; I gjve the hens all the corn there was an* give the ducks a lot of hay." "Hay! Did they eat it?" "Well, they didn't zactly eat it,? but they was talkin' 'bout it when I e«u" "Bayer Tablets of Aspirin" be genuine must be marked with the aafety "Bayer Cross." Always buy an unbroken Bayer package which contains proper directions to safely relieve Headache, Toothache, Earache, Neuralgia, Colds and pain. 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