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•MmIMMIM i Doctor Rudolf Degkwitz Reports , Sueoetsful Experiment V^ith • I ' Hew Preventive - IMBHGAL SCIENCE INTERESTED to Conquer the Mod Deadly of |frtl Children's Dieeasee--Danger In Public Apathy and' Ignorance of Infectious Malady. Manchester, England.--Dr. Rudolf kwita announces In the Deutsche edlzinische Wochenschrlft (an auoritative publication) that he has ceeded In conferring Immunity to easles by injecting a serum prepared m convalescent patients. •"This may prove to be one of the (greatest epochs in preventive medl- Wtte," writes a medical correspondent »f the Manchester Guardian. "In his Hast series of 1,700 cases Degkwitx id&ims that all the contacts inoculated completely Immunised, or so pro- ;ed that the disease was developed in its mildest form and there was untoward result. "If these results are confirmed and (the method can be effectively and genteral ly applied, the result should be an leven greater saving of life than has jaecrued from Jennet's discovery of (vaccination. Most Deadly of All. easles, the most deadly of all diseases of childhood, continues be the least controllable of the urges which regularly affect our pie," the Guardian's correspondent says warnlngly. "With the possible exception of Influenza there is no form of epidemic disease in face jof which preventive medicine is so fcelpless. The causes for this are IHiftiniy two. In the first place the (disease la not only highly infective |hut its infectivity is highest before Ithe symptoms can be recognised. The ichlld which contracts measles has ittiree or four days In which to Infect Ills family, his friends and his school- (fellows before it is known definitely that he is suffering from measles at kxA. Serum all. The second cause Is public apathy and Ignorance of the dangerous nature ,^ot the complaint. "Half a century ago there appears to have been some Justification for regarding measles as a trifling disorder, something that every cMld must •get over,' and the sooner the better. Owing to the operation of the still mysterious laws which govern changes In type of disease, scarlet fever, which was justly dreaded, has declined in virulence and ceased to be one of the major dangers of childhood: diphtheria Is also much milder In form and Its dangers can almost be eliminated by the early use pf api toxin. But iArmu.Cp measles has become more deadly year by yeas. Recent Epidemic. ' "The present writer can recall om recent epidemic of measles in a Lancashire towT^ which slew 'n six months precisely the number of children that had succumbed to scarlet fever in ten yenrs. Tet it Is still not an unknown thing for a mother to put the other children in bed with a case of measles so that they may all 'get over it together,' and it Is the constant complaint of doctors that they are not called in until the child Is blue pneumonia and beyond all aid. "Compare this apathy with the horror of smallpox. Yet, before the Introduction of vaccination, when smallpox was regarded as the national plague, the death rate from this cause averaged 420 per million. In 1915 the death rate from measles was ",398 per million. Neither the government nor the local authorities seem to bare waked up to the facts represented by these figures. " 1 Tf "t •' ' v<># Group of Philosophers Live in ^mboo Forest and A Lore of Far East , - v . SCHOOL IN A TEA GARDEN •lit a Foreign Language May Also Be Learned by Dancing, Head Philosopher Finds--Comes Frem Famous Family. . 2fa# York.--Not many people know that among the many Interesting things which develop In New York city Is a group of Chinese philosophers who dwell in a bamboo forest. Knowing that the forest Is on Macdougal street helps, for many Interesting things come out of Macdougal street. The head of the philosophic group Is Dr. Liu Tien Tao, who received degrees both in China and at Columbia, and who, once a week, may be found imparting knowledge of Chinese language, philosophy and poetry to a group of students. These include art- Trying ib£:I^||psta8| C KAPiS & |i vt ; Officials of the l'oetoffice department in Washington are here shown watch- ' ilng the first demonstration of a new stamp cancelling machine. This remarki u it*/ ;«ble machine, known as the "postage meter," postmarks, stamps, seals, counts jifnd stacks letters at the rate ot35 per minute. lsts, writers and Chinese students. The Chinese In themselves are interesting, for they come from different parts of the world, where they have lived since leaving their native land. One speaks French and does not understand English; another speaks Bn» slan. Teach Chinese. Chinese Is taught by Doctor Liu In ft semi-popular way, much as the Euro* pean languages are taught. It is comparatively simple to obtain a slight working knowledge of the language, the students find. The delight of writing mysterious characters such as those which grow on tea chests Is one of which the pupils never tire. In time they expect to a certain extent to read Chinese poetry and philosophy. In the meantime they Imbibe it from Doctor Liu, who later Is to arrange special courses in Chinese poetry and philosophy, with the aid of lecturers from Columbia. Doctor Liu believes that his wortr is valuable In promoting mutual understanding between Chinese and Americans. He thinks each country can obtain of the other something of value which It needs--that China can get practical business methods from America and America can'feel the quieting Influence of Chinese philosophy. . In the meantime, the American students of Chinese are absorbing knowledge literally in a bamboo forest. It Is something like Shakespeare's "tongues In trees, books In running brooks." At the Bamboo Forest the students read--if they can make It out --Chinese poetry written on lacquered tables, some of It by great national poets and other verses contributed by Doctor Liu himself. Big' decorative Chinese characters signifying "happiness" or "wisdom" cover the walls or the bamboo poles which form the forest. This forest Is a Chinese tea garden which, with American business vision. Doctor Liu saw would have to pay overhead charges while he was carrying on his chosen work and gathering around him as applicants for Chinese wisdom little coteries of interested philosophers and friends. Thfe tables covered with Chinese characters were all decorated by the head philosopher himself. r The Bamboo Forest Is Indoors In a basement of the little old Macdougal street house In winter, but in fair weather extends to a more real bamboo forest In the open at the rear. The head -philosopher of the Bamboo Forest comes from a family of both students and warriors. His father was president of a Chinese college, and an uncle, the famous Gen. Hwang Wring, led the republican forces In the revolution in China in 1912. *. Vo..J I <rOGD-j£Xy •w.. tning Kills Trout New York State Pond Washington. -- An Interesting letter was received by the fisheries bureatl the other day from B. H. Norton of Syracuse, wh^se ponds were stocked with trout fry by the bureau a while ago. It reads: MWe have been very successful in raising the trout allotted to us. The only loss we have had was one trout that was struck by lightning." t. • 7 v Town Puts Ban on Aviators. Rye, N. Y.--An ordinance prohibiting aviators from flying less than 3,000 feet above the land or water of the Rye town park at Oakland beach £as been passed by the commissioners «|f parks. The ordinance forbids the performance of aerial acrobatics at any height over the park, because of t the danger to pel-sons in the paiK. MEXICO IS id-SAST PICKING UP Remarkable Progress Being Mate in Overcoming Illiteracy* Night Schools In Capital Have Taught Many Pereons to Read and Write --Laboring Class le Deeply Intereeted. Mexico City.--Remarkable progress Is being made In overcoming Illiteracy in the capital, according to information obtained from the department of public education of the federal government. During the first three months of the present year approximately 15,000 persons of the lower class were taught to read and write. This educational work is being carried on largely by means of night schools, which are of themselves something of a novelty In Mexico. It is stated that Interest on the part of the laboring class In this educational work is unbounded. They crowd the schools to full capacity ana there are hundreds who cannot as ^et be taken care of on account of the lack of teachers and other facilities. Men and women of middle age vie with sandal-footed youths to obtain enough instruction to enable them to read and write. The teaching of the fundamentals, which Is being done In the schools,, is supplemented by a series of educational lectures that are given in moving picture theaters on Sundays. So successful has been this plan of teaching the 'owly natives the rudiments of reading and writing in this city that the department of public education plans to extend the work to all of the larger cities and many of the smaller communities of the country. President Alvaro Obregon has shown a keen interest In this new phase of education and has pledged to provide the necessary flnanoi^i means for carrying It forward. Arizona. Town May Be Scene of a Gold Rusl|^ #; . /I i By JE68IE DELL* ' CBMUmSm* 4eart«rmaatM' Corps, UbH«4 SUlM kO THE quartermaster corps of the United States army has fallen the reverent task of bringing homo the sohlier dead, returned for burial under the stars and stripes. On March 30 last, the army transport Cambral reached New York with 14224 flag-draped coffins. With her arrival, the solemn duty of the quartermaster corps of returning the bodies of those who fell in France, was practically completed. There are left over seas now only 325 bodies to be brought back to the United 8tates, the last of the 44,418 of those Americans who will be burled In the homeland. About 32,000 more will sleep forever overseas, according to the desires of their next of kin. At this time It is fitting to tell our people Jut how America has been returning to the bosom of their native land the mortal remains of thousands of her sons who followed the flag-- Into that realm wtatr* tattl* flags m fttrlad Aad war druma throb no lonfar. This sacred duty, under the direction of Ifajwr General H. L. Rogers, quartermaster general of the army, Is performed by the graves registration service through the cemeterlal division, and the effllcent, sympathetic and' reverent manner In which it Is done has been a source of*satisfaction to every one. That one may visualise the work Involved-- Its methods and operations in preparing our soldier dead for the last journey--we will endeavor to draw a picture which will show, step by step, now this has been accomplished. Early mooting sun finds the field operating units ready for the day's work and with trucks containing all materials necessary--tools, Implements, caskets and shipping boxes--they start on their way to the sacred regions where He our soldier dead. Bach unit has its corps of highly-specialised and technical men in mortuary affairs (embalmers, undertakers and technical assistants) to perform this service. The working squads or laborers are composed chiefly of ex-service men. Guards and watchmen attached to each unit are also discharged American soldiers, and during the time that the bodies are under the jurisdiction of operating units, this guard is constantly on duty over them. A commissioned officer filling a dual capacity of commanding officer and Inspector la In command of each unit. Once at the graves, excavating is commenced. When the bodies are reached, only 'one Is allowed to be lifted to the surface of the ground at a time, in order that no possible chance will be taken In confusing identities. This Is a requirement rigidly adhered to. The outer wrapping of the body Is removed and search Is made for Identification tags and marks; when found they are securely fastened to the remains; the body Is then wrapped In a new, clean blanket. The Identification disk and long narrow strip of aluminum, showing name, rank and organization, taken from the cross or star which marked the grave, ia pinned to the blanket over the chest of the dead. Tenderly lifting and placing the body in a metallic container is the next step, using soft, flat cushions as padding to hold the body steady; after this a soft, clean sheet Is carefully tucked In, further insuring against the shifting of the body during transportation. After this the metallic container is placed In Its oilk-llned casket of chestnut wood or oak, and It, too, Is securely fastened; across the head of the lid Is attached a narrow aluminum strip showing .the name, serial number, rank and organization of the soldier, and the number of the grave and cemetery from which the body was taken. tThe casket Is then placed in the shipping box, 'which has been secured by the blocks of white H ;3wood or chestnut, covered with white plush to prevent marring or scratching the casket. Name, rank and organization is then stenciled on each end of the shipping case. A tag giving the name and address of the consignee is tacked to the side, and the whole box Is enveloped with our flag, which remains until the body is placed on the transport for sailing. The sun sinking low in the West sees all bodies which hav£ been exhumed entirely prepared for shipment, for this Is another requirement which is rigidly adhered to. The bodies are then placed In local storage under constant guard of Amerldii watchmen. And thus* the day's wqjk is* done, i All evacuations being completed within that section, the bodies are then removed from the local storage, and accompanied by convoys guards, are taken by rail or river barges, as ditlons allow, to the concentration point for particular section. Port officers maintain at all times a dose liaison With the field operating unit In order to obviate' misunderstandings, to prevent delays, and to permit satisfactory' and definite plans being made in sufficient time for sailing. These concentration points are under the personal and constant super-* vision of commissioned officers and watchmen who are honorably discharged American soldiers. The ports chosen as shipping bases are: Brest, 8t Naxaire, Bordeaux, Toulon, Cherbourg, Calais, Prance; and Antwerp, Belgium, through which, during last year, 20,918 bodies were returned to America. Cherbourg has had the greatest number to handle, as evacuation of bodies for return from areas of Romagne, Thiacourt and Belleau all*} passed through this port, to the number of 25,000. Finally the news comes from one of the six porti that the transport Is ready for Its precious cargo. Officers, convoys and guards then place the dead on specinl French trains or barges which have been draped with American flags. Departure Is taken amid large gatherings of the population of the town and a guard of honor, comprising two or more companies of French soldiers who come to pay homage to our dead. Quickly the news spreads that "lee Amerlcalni" are taking their dead heroes home, and all along the line of the journey many are waiting. Priests are there, and these men of God gently and lovingly chant the prayers for the dead, while children with arms full of flowers are waiting to place them in the care of the guards or drop them on the barges as they slowly pass by. Every honor ia shown both by civil and military France; and so the journey becomes a triumphal procession ot America's heroic dead. » The port Is reached, and there on Its great "Pier ofrthe Dead" the bodies are gently laid side by side, under the watchful care of the military "Guard of Honor" comprising a company of men detailed from the American forces in Germany. Before It goes on the transport, each shipping case, containing a body Is carefully gone over to ascertain if it la In perfect condition for oceaa transportation. The tag showing the name and address of the consignee, which has been tacked to the side of the box. Is then removed, and name and address stencilled on the side Instead. The port officers, who are commissioned officers of our army, are present when this stencilling is done, the quartermaster general holding them personally responsible for all discrepancies and inaccuracies. Everything finished to the satisfaction of these officers, the bodies are finally placed on the transport, the warning bell Is sounded and the transport •lowly moves away. The military attachments stand at "Attention" while their bugles salute the dead. All flags and ensigns of shipping, or those on vessels of the various navies of the world, which may be represented In the harbor, are lowered as our funeral ship solemnly passes out, and then begins .the long, last voyage of our soldier dead. Simultaneously with the sailing of the transport, a cable message bearing the namea of the dead returning speeds on Its way to Washington and is received by the chief of the cemeterial division, who Immediately takes steps to provide that every, care and attention shall be attendant npon the arrival of the sacred cargo at the home port. Let Ua leave for awhile our dead as they crom the great Atlantic and let us get a glimpse Of the fields of honor in whose beautiful, broad, white acres will repose for all time those whose nearest of kin desire that they shall stay sleeping In France. The quartermaster corps has spared no ; effort in making lovely and lasting monuments to the boys who made the supreme sacrifice. Grounds, graceful and majestic, were chosen and arranged with a simple dignity that seems to be eminently fitting for the resting places of the dead. At the present time, only five cemeteries te France and Belgium have official approval and Sanction for their permanency, but the advisability * of Increasing the number of national cemeterlea abroad Is receiving favorable consideration; it Is recently thfit Thiacourt has been added to the number. In this cemetery He so many of the men „ itirservice whose daring' and ^ t will ornament many pages of the World's war ' history. Already extensive plans are on foot to - : make our cemeteries over there great nationally memorials; and to insure the success of the tmdaft-1. taking, plans for beautifying and ornamenting have" been placed In the hands of a special commission appointed by the secretary of war. It is headed by the chief of the cemeterlal division; other members are: CharlescMoore, secretary of the National Fine Arts commission;', James L. Greenleaf, New York landscape artist r , and William Mitchell Kendall, the well-known artist of New York. Their ideas when carried out: v will make the "American Fields of Honor" thef . most Impressive war cemeteries in the world. And1 _ jj every one will be an outpost of America in Franco-^ .ytijji o r B e l g i u m , f o r w h e r e v e r l i e s t h e g r a v e o f a n > ^ » 4pierican soldier, Ues, too, a spot that Is forever America. Romagne, which is our Argonne cemetery, orlglnally held in its bosom 23,000 of our men who ; fell In the Muese-Argonne offensive, America's v| greatest battle. There every State of the Union. V 'JM as well as the territories of Hawaii, Porto Rico, , and the Philippine Islands, had representation. • No spot in France Is more historically famous ' than this, the Argonne sector, where lies our largest field of honor. Here France's greatest battles have been fought, but none so great as that of 1918, when America and France again fought side by side, as In tho days of Washington and Lafayette, and again for the principles of freedom and liberty. So, Romagne- Argonne, our beautiful and largest cemetery, stands as a monument to America's shara In the world's greatest struggle. Belleau, whose name memory lovingly links with the heroism and sacrifice of our men of the Second division, lies In a green, fertile valley, dense ly wooded, with loved and shattered Chateau- Thierry near Its portals. This cemetery Is and always will be ot the greatest national pride and glory to the United States, for it was at Chateacft-. Thierry tl at the American .soldiers cried, THWf shall not pass!" and, like a barrier across thai? path, halted the Huns on their way to Paris. Suresnes cemetery. In the winding valley of tho Seine and surrounded by a semi-circle of hills, ia- - like a white gem in an exquisite setting of emerald. /-If Old Fort Valerlen, whose massive gray walls y crown one of the hilltops, stands like a grim sen- : -L;i tlnel guarding our dead. Lying off In the dls- r tance can be seen one of the world's greatest r " cities--Paris--whose beautiful Washington boule- • 4| vard, curving in graceful lines, connects it witfc' )^||| our cemetery. Flanders Fields, familiarly known by Its oM,£ name of Bony, Is the spot made historically famous ' J" y' to America by the Twenty-seventh and Thirtieth - _ " divisions, whose united effort as the Second corps, f & furnish one of history's most brilliant pages. Boys . ^ .**j, of the North and South, sons of the men who t wore the Blue and the Gray--who can say that, % In spirit, the great commanders of that long past ?' war were not near to guide their boys, as they' . advanced to meet a common enemy, on the battlo- ^ ground of Flanders Fields. * In smashing the Hlndenburg line, many of tho division's bravest sons were left to sleep in tho field they had so pallantly defended--"In Flanders > Fields where poppies blow"--the deep, rich crim- % son of those poppies; how they cover every hillside and dell! Growing thickly among them are the white lilies of the valley and the beautiful blue cornflowers. And "Old Glory," floating high and wide, finds its colors reflected in these flowers below. So peaceful and restful! It seems such a little while ago that the boom of cannon and the scream of shell had sent fleeing from their native haunts the sky larks now returning whose little throats all through the day pour forth floods of melody-- a requiem over the dead, a psalm of thanksgiving to the Great Creator for bringing afcaitt to their home peace and quiet. a FRANKLIN KEPT HIS LAURELS View of Main street, Oatman, Arix., just across the California line, where several new aiscoveriee jng as high as 154,000 a ton, lead tho dtlsens to believe that it will be the scene of another gold rush. Appropriately, Apostle of Thrift Wae A Hewed to Retain Ornament* for ^ Exceptional Time. New York, the Sun of that '^ty states, is one place where there are almost laurels enough to go around. It is the enstom of the city to he generous with them, but they never last. Three days Is about the limit. Itat 1% three days marts aboot the length of time when the crowd wlU endure the sight of them on the living. After S»at they view them with amusement. But when hung on a bronze or marble statue by common consent and the custom of the park department they are given thirty days. Benjamin Franklin was permitted to keep his last crop of laurels longer than most statues. bp feasoo «f H ous qualities that his statue became a landmark In Paj*k row, it was particularly because of his position as the patron saint of all those who hold thrift as a cardinal virtue that he was adorned some weeks ago with more wreaths than any Hawaiian ever managed to hang on himself. fie kept them, too, until they were of absolutely no more use. The day they were put up people traveled from all fire boroughs, to gaze at the Although It was bronae likeness ef the publisher of of all the best sellers of America--end to consider their own sins or to template their own virtues in tho ter of thrift. But this week when were cut down no one paid the est attention to the two "white who were climbing altout the p jerking down the wmulis and them on the pavement. The white clover and the have a similar floral meaning, ag tiki first reads "Think of me" «ua end " V^t,' •.4C-LW-*; m, wmsmi fciS'*: