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! * >'»V" ' >• « * 1 ? j W . > • >*•• f > . --- mm »«? *.? S$s~ T G G B U N T A L T T *v "» £ ' . ' J. YAH ULYlEBi, titonon akp PtTBuysa. IcHENEY, ILLINOIS. TffK FAST WEEK* -Jit . DOMESTIC **W* . .. TheXmmt. fiber, the great lei^-piiibil baa jwst died in New York, He came to country from Ctermany. and in 1S61 ittablished the fint lead-pencil manufactory lb America. " * liev. 8. M. Stray, of Xtilte George, N. M, accidentally wonnded his wife with a re-. Wrer, which BO worked upon his mind that he tcrned the weapon upon himself and pot a buW tot in hi* head. Though badly injured, bow Ijrill probably reooTer. Q Charles P. Stickney, defaulting Treas- i|rer oi the Manufacturers' Gas Company, Fall Vfer, Maes., hM been sentenoed to five year* la the State Priaosu, one day to be solitary £vH i • : V * ,5t Leon Hyneman, the veteran Mason, |iafther and editor, has jost died in New York. v'0i The contest over the Y&aderbilt will f » been terminated by compromise. Cornelias Yawt«rbilt ia to receive tM,000,000 and hia 4fccpensea in the suit in the Supreme Court, and fere. La Ban, now Mrs. Berger, a like amount Ipd costs, the will of the late Commodore Yafc- 4ferbilt to remain uncontested New York papers report that the ele­ cted railroads are causing a rapid growth of population in the upper sections of that city, at H|he expense of Brooklyn and the neighboring 4tie« of New Jersey. Died, at New Britain, Ct. (the place fhis birth), on the 6th inst., Elihu Burritt, the stinguished linguist, scholar and reformer, in e 69th year of hia age. He was in early years it blacksmith, and while working at his trade flittered the principal ancient and modern language*, from which fact he became knows l§jji the * learned blacksmith." •-• Tj The West. | The town of Reno, Nev., has been 4Mrert»ken by a terrible calamity. During the (re-valence of a high wind a fire broke out and spread itatil nearly every house in the town 'Mas reduced to ashes. The flames leaped from house to house and from block to block with lightning rapidity. The panic-stricken, half- 4othed people caught a handful of their most valuable articles, and left all else to the demon tif destruction. The firemen were helpless, ^he fierceness of the wind and the intensity 4f the heat rendered it impossible to get close -enough to do any good. The gale carried Maring pieces of burning timber for miles into 4ke country, and several farm houses were Inmed In this way. Five persona •were burned *» death, and many others injured. The pe- Maiaiy loss is estimated at #1,000.000. with |§dy 9150,000 ; | Chicago is to have an elevated rail- ajwd through the "West Division of the citys and Whence to the suburbs of Austin and Oak Park. ?J A Chicago jury has decreed that John lamb shall be hanged by the neck until he is dead. The crime for which he is to suffer #aath was the murder of Polioe Officer Baoe, in •last J By the explosion of the boiler in ^Beorge Kepler's saw-mill, near SalUvaa, 111, in head Bawyor was blown to atoms and two ' men fatally injured. Illinois has 1,845 convicts in her two Twenty-five citizens of Ironton, ®hio, were arrested the other day and fined in earns ranging from #5 to f 150 for aiding and abetting a chicken dispute. A Justice of the Veace was among the culprits. The South. The but of the Louisiana Betnrning Board prosecutions was reached last week in the decision of the Supreme District Court at lew Orleans, which the decision of Ae lower court in the case of Andersen, and discharged the accused. This ends the orfm- f l proceedings instituted against the members the board. A nitro-glycerine explosion at Dutch ^*P» near Richmond, Va., killed a Oovernment Contractor named Hall and two "negro work- ;<Jjp*n» and wounded several other negroes. *; A New Orleans dispatch reports an " mistakable ease of yellow fever in that city. W<t*hii*gwu* The pnblic statement for Mnrp.fr i Ijhows an increase of the nation's indebtedness 1311,411 during the month of February. jfollowing are the official figures: 4U per cent, bond* f 640,105,250 Jrlve per cent, bonds ?U3,&ti6,tiGU IfQiir and a half per cent. bonds B0,000,000 t P0" per ceat bonds..... 4U>,HOU.OOO _ _ Total coin bonds Matured debt ~ gal tenders.... f34fi.742.94l Uficatee of deposit 46,100,000 _cUon»l currency 15,»-U,41S old Mid Bi'lver certificates ltt,0b?,fi80 Total without interest «s,«4jm,9bo M39.BSU 4R.tt7.088 . a4,Ki&,n6 Total debt..... Total interest lr r r Currency held fet demption of fractional carrency f anfM Special depoBitabeld for redemption of cerUfl* oMte* of depoait 40400,000 Total caeh in treasury 447JOS,<0$ . Debt less ea*h in trewrary,March 1. 'increase during February JPonds IBSUMI to the Pacific Bailroad Companies, interest payable 111 laW- % fulmoney: principal ontatandiut. I Interest: >£, %*ocruo«l »nd not yet paid " by the.TJnited Siatea 'd by the transportation of mails ^^ce of interest paid by the United .541 11,411 t4,mm A4R.90# 41,7ti,UH 10,866,^6 81.115.668 ; l The President has appointed David Strother ("Porte Crayon ") Consul General |f|; io Mexico, and George Scroggs, of liUnds, tkmsul at Hamburg, Germany. ^ It has transpired that the President • J45 actually prepared a message vetoing the ^ *ver and Harbor bill. This intention soon •eeame noised abroad, and he was immediately besieged by Senators and Representatives whose loofcl interests were at staka The pressure was ^ irresutible; the President yielded, and the bin signed. T Congress, at its late session, made an ;% 4 appropriation of #250,000 to build a National ^S^lpinseum oa the j^roundg of the &nitiuoafan 3< trf institute at Washington. , The total number of bills and joint ̂ resolutions introduced in the lower house of Congress at its recent session was f̂ 828, !«, •nd in the Senate 1,94§. A large majci'ity of pl̂ ihese were pending at Uie hour of adjournment, /* ; 4tnd, of course, failed. .. - . ,rp f, ' It is reported that ex-Senator Con- over, of Florida, is to-be appointed Minister to Central America. The President has accepted the resig­ nation of United States District Judge Gita^ Of UM^iBd, htw been on the hflach ai&tt 1854 vi THE Bice Surprise Party remain for the present week at McYicker's Chicago The­ ater, giving two popular burlesques, "Babesin the Wood * and " Horrors." Willie Edouin, a prominent member of this company, is doubt­ less the leading exponent of Jus line of busi­ ness in the country, and the teat of the troupe are better than the average. At the annual election of officers oi the Union Pacific railroad, held in Boston last week, Sidney Dillon was re-elected President; Elisha Atkins,^ice-President; Henry McFar- land, Secretary and Treasurer, and O. W. Mink, Assistant Secretary and Treasurer. The largest stockholder is Jay Gould, who voted in his own light upon 123,700 shares, and cn <£,000 shares by proxy. Sidney Dillon holds 27,TOO shares; Russell Sage 21,650, Oliver Ames, 87,000. The decision of the Reno Oontt oi Inquiry, recently in session at Chicago, has been promulgated. After giving a history ot the events immediately preoeding the battle of little Big Horn, and the pari taken by Maj. Beno's command; in the fight, it says: "The con­ duct of the officers throughout was excellent, and, while the subordinates in tome instances did more for the safety of the com- maud by brilliant displays of courage than did Ma}. Beao, there was nothing in his conduct which requires animadversion from this oourt It is the conclusion of this court, in view of all the facts in the evidence, that no further pro­ ceedings are necessary in this casa." J'olitieau Walker, the Democratic Greenback candidate for Mayor of Portland, Me., has been elected by 46 majority. F. P. Dewees, Chairman of the Na­ tional Committee of the National party, has issued an address to the people of the United States. He says that separation from old par­ ties is necessary, and asserts that this action on the part of Congressmen-elect has inspired the "National-Greenback party throughout the country with renewed courage and confidence." The address calls for a thorough party organ­ ization, and adds: "If those in aocord with the National-Greenback principles now earn­ estly attempt such an organization, party suc­ cess in 18S0 can be assured." Messrs. liandali and Blackburn are the principal Democratic aspirants for Speaker (jf the Forty-sixth Congress. Mr. Morrison, of Illinois, has many friends who are pressing his claims. Judge Kelley, of Pennsylvania, will probably be the candidate of the Greenbaokers, while the Republicans will, in all probability, support Gen. Garfield. _____ The Michigan Republicans met in convention at Lansing on the 3th mat, and nominated James V. Campbell for Judge of the Supreme Court, andE. O. Grosvenor and James Shearer for University Regents, FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. A cable dispatch announces the death of Shere Ali, the fugitive Ameer of Afghan- stan. The Nihilists are unusually active in Russia. They are charged by the Government with spreading exaggerated reports of the plague. The political situation in France is not very encouraging. The extreme Radicals and Conservatives are warring against each other, and the former are fast undermining the present Ministry. A London dispatch of eight words announces a coal-mine explosion by which nineteen persona were killed. Being nothing but poor miners, no particulars are given--not even the place where the occurred be­ ing mentioned. In Hungary an inundation, conse­ quent upon the overflow of the river Thesis, caused great destruction. - - -- In England there is a loud demand for the rvcall of Lord Chelmsford, commanding the British forces in Zulu Land. England has sent a commission to Astrakhan to i nvestigate the plague.. An unknown disease is killing off the cattle in Jamaica. West Indies. Bismarck's Parliamentary Discipline bill has been defeated in the German Reichstag Passanante, the Italian Socialist who attempted the life of King Humbert at Maples, has been sentenced to death. A motion in favor of female suffrage has been voted down in the British House of Commons by 103 yeas to 2|7, nays. CONGRESSIONAL* can alia, sad ttnmia, Beck %nd otharn on the D&mocntie side. Hm debate 'waa ot a MrIkC •rdar, aad full of ftte on both «ldet. "tike Mil, however, toMdhffi with the - Afjar' AjWroprffttion bill, failed to paaa, the geiate n- maining: firm la It* determination not to tttattur ia Hi* amendment aboliablng the Federal Election lawa, and the BeuaawHto penal atubbnrnafM »• .Appropriation billa, attd they were promptly pamed. % Sula were also pa«Md placing O&. Shitdda on the (KO.tW to pay timer*of ponaior.n; creating a mrtuntu Board of Pnblic Health; providing for the taking of the tenth census; to promote the education ot the blind... .The report of the Honae Judiciary Committee upon the case of Judge Blodgett, of the United States Court lot the Northern Illinois District, accom­ panied by a resolution exonerating him tram the charges brought against him by certain mem­ ber* of the Chicago bar, was presented, and the resolution adopted... .The Honae, np to the very Xabch 1.--The Senate was in session all day, and until 4:80 o'clock a. m., on the appropriation bills. The Legislative and Snnitry Ciril bills were completed and passed, when a recess was voted until 2 p. m. Sund y, March 9, at which hour the Senate reacserabled. The Biver and Harbor bill was taken up and dispoied oL The Mexican Pen­ sion bill then came np. when Mr. Hoar offered au amendment forever hat Aug Jeff Davis from receiving a pension under tb< act. This gave rise to an animated political debate, in which Alegars. Thnrni an. Lamar and (iarland were the chief par­ ticipant* ou the Democratic, and McHKrx. lilaibe and Hoar on the Republican Hide of tho house. The amendment was finally adopted by yeas 23. nays fj._ The House waa in eegirion almost contiauoimly lrom 12 noon of Saturday. March I, to Monday morning, 'd. Tlie bill to prevent the introduction of couta^ious ditieaxcK, the Sugar bill, the bill to amend the patwit laws, and the bill to extend the time tor the completion of the Northern Pacific railroad, were defeated The Presidents message vetoing the anti-CJiinese bill was received and read, and the House refutied--1U9 yeas, 1*5 nays --to pass the bill over the Executive veto. March 3.--In the Senate, Mr. Allison made a report from the select committee appointed at the instance of Senator Matthews iu June last. It con­ cludes as follows: "After fnil consideration they flod, unanimously, the statements of Senator Mat­ thews to be true, and that he bad no connection with any real ot- supposed frauds in the election in Louisiana, au! that he has nut been guilty of any corrupt conduct In any of fie matter* referred lo in the testimony, while we cannot but regard his action in respect to James E. Anderson's effort to obtain au appointment to oflico nnder the circum- Ktanccs as wrong and injurious to the public inter­ est/'... .A resolution was adopted authorizing the Teller CoitiUiUtce to sit during the rer<ss of Con­ gress and tsko testimony The Shields bill to pension Mexican soldiers, with the Hoar amend­ ment forever excepting 5efF Bavin lrom the provi­ sion* of the bill, was defeated--yeas. St'; nay«.2'<. !The House epent nearly the whole day in wrangling over the case ot ex-Consul Seward, the Kepubiicans lilibuKtering to prevent the passage of the resolu­ tion of impeachment The report of the majority ot tho l'otter Committee was presented Littlo progress was made with the appropriation Lilly, tho conference committees In both houses being nnablc to agree. Mabch 4.--The scenes that usually cSi«r*sj£rize the doting hours of Congress were en­ acted in both houses. The Senate was engaged all the preceding |Jnight on thcAppropriation bills, and just before daylight an extraordinary debate oc­ curred over the political amendments to the Legis­ lative bill, which was participated in by Messrs. Hoar. Blaine. Matthews and others oa the Bepubli- moment of adjourning, was engaged in partisan debate over thw political amendments to the Appropriation bill. 1 ' KXTHA SESSION. The President has issued the following proclama­ tion convening Congress in extra session on (he 18th Inst.: By the President of the United States of America --A proclamation: WHEREAS, Tho Anal adjournment of the Forty- fifth Congrean, without making the jnnal and neces­ sary appropriations for the legislative, executive and judicial expenses oi <he Oovernment lor the fiscal year ending June SO, 1880, and without mak­ ing the usual Mid necessary appropriations for the support of the army for the same fiscal year, presents an extraordinary occasion, requiring the President to exercise the power Tested in him by the constitution to convene the Houses of Con­ gress in anticipation of. the day ttxed by law tor their next meeting; Now. therefore. I, Butherford B. Hayes, Pyesi- dent of the United States, d®, by ririus ot the power to thin end vested is me by the constitution, con­ vene both Houses to amsrable at their respective Chambers at 12 o'clock man Tuesday, the 18th day of March, then and there to consider and determine such measures as, in their wisdom, their duty, and the welfare of the people m.iy seem to demand. In witness whereof, I have hereunto eet my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be fixed. B. B.Hans.' By the President^ , Wm.UM M. EvAirra. Secretary of State. 'v -vi< ,, *r TMJS CIPHERS. m&mrrt export OF THE POTTER CO' Washington, D. C., March 5. Th« report of the majority of, the Potior Committee upon the cipher dispatches says gen­ erally that the Western Union Telegraph Com­ pany seem to have exercised due care in respect to the preservation and privacy of their dis­ patches, and the theft and publication of cer­ tain dispatches did not seem to be their fault At tho same time they could not but suspect that Orton, President of the company (since deceased), who was an earnest and active Republican leader, forwarded the dispatches in the custody of the company to the Re­ publican committee of the (Senate rather than to the Democratic committee of the House. He had also shown his bias bv allow­ ing certain of the dispatches to be withdrawn. On examination of the Indiana dispatches, in which Mr. Z. Chandler was asked by Mr, Tyner to " appoint two Indian Agents " one could" see how very naturally the telegraph oificials should have failed to recognize these most im­ probable cipher dispatches to have any con­ cealed meaning, but regarded them rather as corrupt dispatches; that, they could recall them so well was s credit to the efficiency of the company, and suggests that nothing in the protection of dispatches by telegraph would be gained by transferring that business to the Government. It waa not lor tho committee, however, to suggest whether any* legislation was required to prevent private tele­ grams from being purloined or exposed, or for their production iu proper cases, considering the watchful, competent, and intelligent-partisan custody of dispatches for fourteen months. It was to be expected that nothing would come to light not wanted by the parties in charge, and it w mid have been too much to expect that any messages reflecting seriously on the credit of the Republican party would be found among theso bundles. The translations of the cipher dispatches dis­ close negotiations on the part of certain near friends of Tflden after the election to secure the eleet.mil votes of the States of South Caro­ lina and Florida These persons seem to have apprehended that the electoral votes of those States which they believed to have belonged to Tilden would be declared for Hayes, and io have regarded themselves as justified in en- who had been connected with the negotiations, so far as the committee had secured their testi­ mony, declared that in no way were they au­ thorized by Tilden, whose particular friends they were, and Mr. Tilden had himself volun­ tarily appeared to corroborate that statement No charge from any source whatever had at any time attached to the name of Mr. Hendricks, deavoring to defeat this corrupt and fraudulent action by submitting to the payment of moneys which they were informed the Canvassing Boards demanded by way of blackmail. The committee did not in any way justify their action, and considered it a gross wrong. But these negotiations were not authorized by tbe National Democratic Committee or any per­ son entitled to speak for them. All the persons A J»JLBA FOR TIGERS A2TD LIONS. In a recent Portuguese book of Afri­ can travel noticed in the Academy, the reviewer states that it is curious that the character given by Senhor Neres of the African elephant almost coincides with that given nearly contempora­ neously by Mr. Sanderson of the Indian elephant. According to Senhor Neres, the African elephant is inoffensive, timid, and hardly ever aggressive, even in self-defense. Though there is a cer­ tain evident risk in the pursuit of an animal of such huge sise and power, Senhor Neres pronounces the stories of peril and fatal mishaps as told by too many elephant-hunters to be mostly fa­ bles, and the sport of elephant-shooting is clearly no better than butchery. There is nothing in his account of the animal against the feasibility of the re­ cent proposals which have been made to tame the African elephant and utilize it in the exploration and exploitation of tropical Africa. It is another coincidence between the habits of the ferae naturae of two great continents, that what has been alleged in mitigation of the popular sentence upon* the tiger of India is likewise claimed for the African lion. The tiger-hunters of India plead for their quarry $hat in pursuing deer and other animals destructive to the peasant's crops it does him and the state a posi­ tive benefit, and should, therefore, not be destroyed as vermin; it is only, they say, the old tigers or those made infirm by disease which, too feeble to follow their natural game, take to cattle-killing or prey on man. Senhor Neres says m hat is nearly equivalent of the lions of Southern Africa. They serve the use­ ful purpose of checking the multiplica­ tion of the teeming herds in the plain country; only those which no longer possess speed enough to overtake the wild deer and gnus and antelopes attack the farmer's corral, pulling down the palings which form it, and carrying off an ox from the herd within.--.Harper's Magazine for February. fi» ffMUtatt't Meaatgt YetolilZ e BUI Bertriatiiig- Chines® Immigrttion, of Kepresentathwa; • vvosf After a vory careful consideration of House bill 2,443, entitled "An act to restrict tbe immi­ gration of Chinese to the United States," I here­ with return it to the House of Representatives, in which body it originated, with my objections to its passage The bill, as it was sent to the Senate from the House of Representatives, was confined in its provisions to tbe object named in its title, which is that of "An act to restrict the immigra­ tion of Chinese to tbe United States." The only means adopted to secure the proposed ob­ ject was the limitation on the number of Chi­ nese passengers which might be brought to this country by any one vessel to fifteen, and, as this number was not fixed in any proportion to tbe size or tonnage of tho vessel, or by any consideration of the safety or accommo­ dation of these passengers, the principle, pur­ pose and effect of the enactment were to restrict this immigration to an extent falling but little short of its absolute axclusioi The bill as amended in tho Senate and now present­ ed to me includes an independent and addition­ al provision which aims at and in terms Re­ quires the abrogation by this Government of Arts. 5 and <» of the treaty with China, commonly called the Burltngame treaty, through the action of the Executive enjoined by this provision of the act The Rurlingamc treaty, of which the ratifica­ tions were exchanged at Pekin Nov. 23,18(30, recites as the occasion and motive of its negotiation by the two Governments that " since the conclusion of the treaty between the United States of America and the Ta Tsing empire (China) of tho 18th June, 1858, circum­ stances nave arisen showing the necessity of ad­ ditional articles thereto," and proceeds to an agreement as to said additional articles. These negotiations, therefore, ending by the signature of the additional articles July 28, 18(18, liad for their object the completion of our treaty rights and obligations toward the Government of China by the incorporation of these new articles, as thenceforth parts of the principal treaty to which they are made supplemental. Upon the settled; rules of interpretation applicable to such supplemental negotiations the text of the principal treaty and of these "additional articles thereto" constitute ono treaty, from the conclusion of the new negotiations in all parts of equal and concurrent force and obli­ gation between the two Governments, and to all intents and purposes as if embraced in one instrument The principal treaty, of which the ratifica­ tions were exchanged Aug. 16, 1850, recites that " The United States of America and tho Ta Tsing empire, desiring to maintain firm, lasting, and sincere friendship, have resolved to renew in a manner clear and positive, by means of a treaty or general convention of peace, amity, and commerce, the rules of which shall in future bo mutnally observed in tbe intercourse of their respective countries," and proceeds in its thirty articles to lay out a careful and comprehensive system for the commercial relations of our people with China. The main substance of all the provisions of this treaty is to define and secure the rights of our people in respect of access to, residence and protection in, and trade with China. Tho acfcnal provisions in our favor in these respects were framed to be, and have been fonnd to be, adequate and appropriate to the inter­ ests of our commerce, and bv the concluding article we receive the important guarantee " that should at any time the Ta Tsing emnire grant to any nation, the mer­ chants or citizens of any nation, any right, privilege, or favor connected either with navi­ gation, commerce, political, or other intercourse which is not conferred by this treaty, such right, privilege and favor shall at once freely issue to the benefit of the United States, its public officers, merchants and citizens." Against the body of stipulations in our favor, and this permanent engagement of equality in respect of all future concessions to foreign na­ tions, the general promise of permanent peace and good offices on our part seems to be the only equivalent. For this the first article un­ dertakes as follows: "There shall be, as there have always been, peace and friendship between the United States of America and the Ta Tsing empire, and be­ tween their people respectively. They shall not insult or oppress each other for any trifling cause, so as to produce an estrangement be­ tween them, and if any other nation should act unjustly or oppressively tho United States will exert their good offices, on being informed of tbe case, to bring about au amicable arrange­ ment of the question, thus showing their friend­ ly feelings." At the date of the negotiation of this treaty our Pacific possessions had attracted a Consid­ erable Chinese immigration, and the advantages and the inconveniences felt or feared therefrom had become more or less manifest, but they dictated no stipulations on tho subject to be incorporated in the treaty. The year 18<)8 was marked by the striking event of a spontaneous embassy from the Chinese empire, beaded by an American citizen, Anson Burhngame, who had relinquished his diplomatic representation ot his own country in China to assume that of the Chinese empire to the United Stilted &ud tli6 Eorops&Q n&tioDtu By this time tho facts of Chinese immi­ gration and its nature, influence, present and prospective, had become more noticeable and weie more observed by the po«uia«;0ti mediately affected, and by this Government The principal feature of the Bnrlingame treaty was its attention to and its treatment of the Chinese immigration, and the Chinese as form- ing, or as they should form, a part of our popu­ lation. Up to this time our uncovenanted hos­ pitality to eiaigrations our fearless liberty of citizenship, our cciual and comprehensive jus­ tice to all inhabitants, whether they abjured their foreign nationality or not, our civil free­ dom, and our religious toleration, had made all comers welcome, and under these protec­ tions the Chinese in considerable numbers had made their lodgment upon our soil. The Bur­ hngame treaty undertakes to deal with this situation, and its fifth and sixth articles em- orace its moat important provisions in this re­ gard, ana the main stipulations in which the Chinese Government has seenred an obligatory protection of its subjects within our territory They read as follows: " Art. 5. The United States of America and the Emperor of Chiua cordially recognize the Aherent and inalienable right of man to change his home and allegiance, and also the mutual advantage of the free migration and emigration of their citizens and subjects respectively from the. one country to the other for purposes of curiosity, of trade, or as permanent reskleata. The high contracting parties, therefore, join in reprobating any other than an entirely volun­ tary emigration for these purposes. Ttiey con­ sequently agree to pass laws making it a penal offense for a citizen of the United States or Chinese subjects to take Chinese subjects either to the United States or to any other foreign country, or for a Chinese mil,je ;t or citizen of the United States to take citizens of the United States to China,* or to any otber foreign conn- try, without their free and voluntary cohsent, respectively. " Aitr. t>.' Citizens of the United States visit­ ing or residing in China shall enjoy the same privileges, immunities, or exemptions in re­ spect to travel or residence as may there be en- Joyed by the citizens or subjects of the most fa­ vored nation; and, reciprocally, Chinese sub­ jects visiting or residing in the United States shall enjoy the same privileges, immunities and exemptions in respect to travel or residence as may there be enjoyed by the citizens or sub­ jects of the most favored nation. But nothing herein contained shall be held to confer natur­ alization upon citizens of the United States in China,-nor upon tho subjects of China in the United States/' Au oxamination of these two articles in tho light of the experience then influential in sug­ gesting their necessity will show that the fifth article was framed iiFiiostility to what seemed the principal mi -chief to be guarded against, to- wit: The introduction of Chinese laborers by methods which should have the character of a forced and servile importation, and not for a voluntary emigration of freemen seeking our shores upon motives and in a manner consistent with the system of our institutions and ap­ proved by the experience of the nation. Un- . 7 tical it Oat great aopniaiion of bur manitfaotBwe, of <Ma» to theee liberal priaoiptae at in «ttliMll9tt:iil '̂whieit wew^«o arts M^ipopwttria«,onrmagggaotg»»>> ogrma teriai improvement^, and Che sentiments of government and religion, which seem tow so important to the welfare of mankind. clause of this article secures this aceeptanoe by Chioa of the American doctrines of free «mi- grtttnm to and from among the peoples and races of the earth. The second clause, however, in its reprobation of "any other than an entire­ ly voluntary emigration" bv both the high contracting parties, and in the reciprocal ob­ ligations whereby we secured the solemn and unqualified engagement on the ffcrt of the 6overnment of China, to pass laws mating it a penal offense for a citizen of the United mates or Chinese subjects to take Chinese subjects either to the United States or to any other for­ eign country without their free and voluntary consent, constitutes the great force and value of this article. Its importance both in principle and in its political service toward our protec­ tion against servile importation in the guise of immigration cannot be overestimated. It com­ mits the Chinese Government to active and efficient measures to suppress this iniquitous system where those measures are most neces­ sary and can be most effectual It gives to tbe Government a footing of treaty right to such measures and means, and opportunity of insist­ ing upon their adoption, and of complaint and resentment at their neglect. The fifth article, therefore, if it fall short of what the pressure of later experience of oar Pacific Slates may urge upon the attention of this Government sva essential to public welfare, seem* to be in the right direction, and to con­ tain important advantages which, once relin­ quished, cannot be easily recovered. The second topic which interested the two Governments under the actual conditions of things which prompted the Burlicgame treaty was the adequate protection under solemn ana definite guarantees of the treaty of Chinese al­ ready in this country and those who should seek our shores. This was the object and forms the subject of the sixth article ,by whose reciprocal engagement the citizens and subjects of the two Governments respectively visiting or residing in the country of the other are secured the same privileges, immunities, or exemptions there enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of the most favored nations. The treaty of 1858, to which these articles are mode supplemental, provides for a great amount of privilege and protection both of the persons and property of American citizens in China. But it is upon the sixth article that the main body of the treaty-rights and securities of the Chinese already in this country depend. Its abrogation, were the rest of the treaty left in force, wonld leave them to such treatment as we should voluntarily accord them by our laws and customs. Any treaty obligation would be wanting to restrain our liberty of action toward them, or measure or sustain the right of the Chinese Government to redress in their behalf. The lapse of ton years since the nego­ tiation of the Burlingame treaty has exhibited to the notice of the Chinese Government, as well as to our own people, the working of this ex jicriment of immigration in great numbers of Chinese laborers to this country, and their maintenance here of all traits of race, religion, manners and customs, habitation, mode of life, segregation here, and the keeping up of the ties of their original home, which stamp them as strangers and sojourners, and not as incor­ porated elements of our national life and growth. This experience may naturally suggest a reconsideration of the subject as dealt with • by the Burlingame treaty, and may properly be­ come the occasion or more dired%" and circum­ spect recognition in renewed negotiations of the difficulties surrounding this political and social problem. It may well be that, to the apprehension of the Chinese Government no less than our own, the simple provisions of the Burlingame treaty may need to be replaced, by more careful methods, securing tho Chinese and ourselv(jfi against a larger and more rapid infusion of this foreign race than our system of industry and society can take up and assimi­ late with ease and safety. This ancient Gov­ ernment, ruling a polite and sensitive people, distinguished by a high sense of national pride, may properly desire the adjustment of their relations, without which would in all things confirm and in no degree endanger the per­ manent peace, and amity, and growing com­ merce, and prosperity, which it has been the object and effect of our existing treaties to cherish and perpetuate. • I regard the very grave discontents of the people of the Pacific States with the present working of the Chinese immigration, and their still graver apprehensions therefrom in the fu­ ture, as deserving the most serious attention of the people of the whole country, and a solicit­ ous interest on the part of Congress and the Executive. If this were not my own judgment the passage of this bill by both houses of Con­ gress would impress upon me the seriousness of the situation, when a majority of the repre­ sentatives of the people of the whole country hid thought it necessary to justify so serious a mt asure of relief. The authority of Congress to terminate a treaty with a foreign power by expressing the will of the nation no longer to adhere to it is as free from controversy under our constitution as is tlie further proposition that the pewe** of making new treaties or modifying existing treaties is not lodged by the constitution in Congress, but in the President by and with tbe advice and consent of the Senate, as shown by the concurrence of two-thirds of that body. A denunciation of a treaty by any Government is confessedly justifiable only upon some reason, both of the highest justice and of the highest necessity. The action of Con­ gress in the matter of the French treaties in 1 /'J8, if it be regarded as an abrogation by this nation of the subsisting treaty, strongly illustrates tlie character and degree of justifica­ tion which was then thought suitable to such a proceeding. The preamble of the act recites that "Tho treaties concluded between the United States and France have been repeatedly violated on the part of tho French Govern­ ment, and just claims of the United States for the reparation of injuries so committed have been refused, and their attempts to negotiate the amicable adjustment of all complaints between the twd' nations have been repelled with indignity," and that, "under the authority of the French Government, there is yet pur­ sued against the United States a system of predatory violence infracting said treaties, and hostile to the rights of a free and inde­ pendent nation." The enactment as a logical consequence of these recited facts declares " that the United States are of right freed and exonerated from the stipulations of treaties of tlie Consular Convention heretofore concluded between the United States and France, and that tlie same shall not henceforth be regarded as legally obligatory on tho Government or the citi­ zens of tho United States." Tho history of the Government shows no other instance of the abrogation of a treaty by Congress. In­ stances have sometimes occurred where the ordinary legislation of Congress has, by its con­ flict with some treaty obligations of the Govern­ ment toward foroign powers, taken effect as an infraction of a treaty, and been geuerallv de­ clared to be operative to that result" But neither such legislation nor Buch judicial sanc­ tion of the same has been regarded as an abro­ gation, even for the moment, of the treaty. On tlie contrary, the treaty, in such cases, still sub­ sists between the Governments, and the casual infraction is repaired by appropriate satisfac­ tion in tho maintenance of the treaty. The bill before me does not enjoin upon the President the abrogation of the entire Bur­ lingame treaty, much less of the*inincipal treaty of which it is made the supplement Aa the power of modifying au existing treaty, whether by adding or striking out a provision, is a part of the treaty-making power under the constitution, its exercise is not competent for Congress", nor would the assent of China to this partial abrogation of the treaty make the action of Congress, in thus procuring an amendment of a treaty, a compe­ tent exercise of authority under the1 constitution. The importance, however, of this Special consideration seems superseded by the principle that a denunciation of a part of a treaty not made Dj the terms of the treaty itself sep­ arate from the rest is a denunciation of the whole treaty. As the other high contracting party has entered into no treaty obligations except such as include the part denounced, tlie denunciation by one party of tho part neces­ sarily liberates the other party from the whole treaty, I am convinced that whatever urgency might in any quarter or by any interest be supposed to -- - -- * h«nii«« iijim from ObtaNL to'tfiiiA'lMtt-iiMmire llii t-aiaJllatft ill and •v «• • r. t *'\l: m * • Xi\y the flow of Pacific oom^ .j. relieves us from anj apprehension that the treat­ ment of the aubjed in the proper oourae of dip- lomationesotiations wufintroduce any features of disoomfort or disturbance among the oonv- munities directly Affected. Were such delays fraught with more inoonvenienoes than have ever been suggested by the Interests most earnest in promoting this legislation, I cannot but regard the summary disturbance of our ex­ isting treaties with China as vastly more incon­ venient to much wider and more permanent in­ terests of the country. < I have no occasion to insist upon more geaa- eral considerations of the interest and dttty which sacredly guard the faith of fhe nation in whatever form of obligation it may have been giv&n. Th$se sentiments animate the delibera­ tions of Congress and pervade the minds of our whole people. Our history gives little occasion for any reproach in this regard, and in asking the renewed attention of Congress to this bill I am persuaded their action will maintain public duty and public honor. B. B. ttom Executive Haksiov. March 1.1OT?. ^ I A MILLION POSTAGB-STJ Borne time since a Philadelphia Igm- | tleman offered an old lady the sum of ̂ , $200 if she would obtain for him 1,000,- T % / 000 crncsled stamps, the money to be ? used in securing for her a life-residence ̂ in a Home for the Friendless. Mim 3 -* '} Chloe Lankton, of New Hartford, Ct., | /; ̂ became deeply interested in the meas- & > k ̂ ure, and, on Oct. 10,1878, began to as- " sist the lady in making her collection, 5 Others assisted Miss Lankton, pack- ff ages of stamps being sent from New H a v e n , H a r t f o r d , B o s t o n , a n d p o i n t s a s f t / ' far away as Dubuque, Iowa. Among ̂ the liberal donors are Mrs. Lucy A ' /' Case, of New Haven, who gave Hiss -| Lankton 220 stamps, t>ome of them of " the first issue, all cut from her box of neatly-packed letters. Aurelia E. Case, of New Haven, contributed 144 stamps : to the collection. The million stamps ; have been collected and the good Vork accomplished, as the following letter from Philadelphia, under date of Feb. 3, will show: f Mt Dear Miss Laxkton : I send yoa word I that the million stamps have been collected, and $200 paid for them; a nice outfit given the old lady, who is now rejoicing in her comforta- fr- -- ble home, the MethodiBt House. I know you are pleased to have been able to contribute so largely toward the fund. Yours respectfully, MissE. a Fajueu --New Haven Journal. r ^ ' 'AN' ASTONISHED KDITOM. An exchange says; We find upon our table one of the newest pictures. It is beautiful in design, small, but shewing great artistic skill in its make up. The prevailing colors are green and black, the two blending so harmoniously that the effect is pleasing in the highest de- gree. We shall not, of course, presume to give an exact description of this pict­ ure, but some of the characters look so noble, so striking, that we cannot re­ frain from describing them. The head- center, or rather the hero of the pict­ ure, holds in his left hand a banner, in his right hand a sword; his hat is thrown on the ground; his head is thrown back; his left foot extended, and taken alto­ gether, his appearance is that of one challenging another to mortal combat, waiting for the other fellow to knock off the chip. His eyes are cast upward, resting on the word fi-- Hello! what's this? Great snakes! if it isn't a $5 bill! We took it for some new kind of a Christmas chromo that had come in the mail. But we see how it is--either our devil has been robbing a bank, or some delinquent subscriber ̂ , scienoe*stricken. « • . <;. i / / -- -- 3 ^ , , I i j , ^ fa Why are boarding-house keepers so extravagant? Butter .is only a quarter a p o u n d , w h i l e t h e s a m e w e i g h t o f , . human hair costs 75 cents--and yet they mix 'em! THE MAKKETS. • I S S f S 10 a* ••8 'til 82 IT rss MEW YORK. Bum.. Hogs Cotton Flour--Superfine Wheat--No. St Cork--Western Mixed Oatu--Mixed Kyk--1Western Fork--Mess l.t»n CHICAGO. Bskvbs--Choicc Graded Steers 4 SO Cows and Heifers .... § T5 Medium to Fair 3 !HI Hoe* f 75 FLOCB--Fancy White Wiuter £x.... 6 (Hi Good to Choice Spring £x. 8 V5 Wheat--No. 2 Spring.... No. 3 Spring............J Cons--No. 2 Oats--No. V Kye--No.S Barlev--No. 2 Buttkii--Choice Creamery Eooa--Fresh.. Pork--Mess.... Lard MILWAUKEE. Wheat--No. 1 ...v. No. «..4................. Corn--No. 2 Oats--No.S Rye--No. 1 Barley--No. ii ST.JJOUIS. Wheat--No. a Red FALL Corn--Mixed. Oats-Nq. 8 ...Iti,silMH.. Kyk .ri«. Fork-- !Hc#s VU' Laru. H' CINCINNATI.' * Wheat. . aa c o m . . . • « Rye 54 Pork--Mess 9 75 L*AiU) 1 I) TOLEDO. »SS5uf*r*: it O0BN--No. 8. . . . . . . . . . . AS Oats--No. 3 J7 _ DETROIT." " Flock--Choice 4,00 Wheat-No. 1 White.........„... 1 03 No. 1 Amber. . 1 01 Corn--No. 1.. :..... 88 Oats--Mixed... 28 Barley (per cental)... 1 U) Fork--Mess 10 35 EAST LIBERTY, PA. Catxls--Best..... 5 00 . Fair 4 6U Common^.. SCI Hooe. 8 85 '•***• 74, ». v . t4 jo 8 GO a TO 1 14 @ I 17 44 45)4 {« m 84 Mt & fit 4R60 glU fit & 5 0 0 & 8 IS & 4 1ft & 4 95 l<4 5 fid & 4 8(1 •a m <9 81 & 84 (Mt 15 i s m 20 S S ' S * ' S I , 103 83 *5 47 9 60 « WHEAT--Amber 32 li 2f> _ (£} W & 84^ & 27 $ > U » «« & 1 05 87 afi 30 & 65 <$10 ou 0 1 W i $ 5 4W ( S i w I ' g (alt) «0