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^c|\ftivir fCtotntlcirtct '"• * ' > "1 J. VAN SLYKE, Editor and Pobl thtr. MoHENRY, - - ILLINOIS, .Second circuit, should be increased by the • addition of another Judge; in the Second circuit, that two should bo added; and that an intermediate appellate court Bliould be formed in each circuit, to consist of the Cir- •cuit Judges and the Circuit Justice, and that in the event of the alxence of either of these Judges the place of the absent Judge should be supplied by the Judge of one of the Dis­ trict Courts in "the circuit. Such au appellate «ourt could be safely invested tfith large" juris­ diction, and its decisions would satisfy suitors 'in many Cases where appeals would still be aJ- , lowed to the Supreme Court. The expense in­ curred for this intermediate court will require . ia very moderate increase of the appropriations for the expenses of the Department of Justice. This recommendation is commended to the careful consideration of Congress. It is evident that a delay of justice, in tiiany instances oppressive and" disastrous to suitors, now necessarily occurs in the Federal courts, which will in this way be remedied. The report of the Secretary of the Interior presents an elaborate account of the operations •of that department during the past year. , It gives me great pleasure to say * that -our Indian affairs appear to be in a more hopeful condition now than •ever before. The Indium have made gratifying progress in agriculture, herding and "mechanical pursuits. Many who were a fevy years ago in hostile conflict with the Govern­ ment are quietly settling down on farms where ibey hope to make their permansnt homes, "building hon-tes and engaging in the occupa­ tions of civilized life. The introduction of the " freighting business among them has been re­ markably fruitful of good results, in .giving many of them congenial and re- ; munerative employment, and in stimulat­ ing their ambition to earn their own support Their honesty, fidelity, and efficiency : as carriers are highly praised. The organiza- 'tion of a police force ot Indians has been equal­ ly successful iu maintaining law and order upon 'the reservation.-, and in exercising a wholesome moral influence among the Indians themselves. I concur with the Secretary of the Interior in the recommendation that the pay of 'this force be increased, as an inducement to the best claps of young men to enter it. Much care and attention has been devoted to the enlargement of educational facilities for the Indians. The meana available for this importaut object have been very inade­ quate. A few - additional boarding schools at Indian agencies have been established, and the erection of buildings lias been begun for several more, but an increase of "the appropriations for this interesting undertaking is greatly needod to .accommodate the large number of Indian chil­ dren of school-age. The number offered by their parents from all part* of the country for •education 111 the Government school* is much larger than can be accommodated with the means at present available for that purpose. The mimlwr of Indian pupils at the Normal School at Hampton, Va., under the direction ot Gen. Armstrong, li:.s been considerably in­ creased, and their progress is highly encouraging. The Indian school established by the Interior Department, in 1879, at Car­ lisle, Pa., under the direction of Capt. Pratt, • has been equally successful. It has now near­ ly 200 pupils of both sexes, representing a great variety of the tribes east of the Hockv mount­ ains The pupils in both these institutions re­ ceive not only an elementary English education, but are also instructed in housework, agricult­ ure, and useful mechanical pursuits. A simi­ lar school was established this year at Forest Grove, Ore., for the education of Indian youth on the Pacific coast. In addition to this, thirty-six Indian boys and girls were selected from the Eastern Ciierokees and placcd in boarding-schools in North Carolina, where . they are to receive an elementary English edu­ cation and training in industrial pursuits. The interest shown by Indian parents, even among the so-called wild tribes, in the education of their children is very gratifying, and gives promise that the results accomplished by the efforts now making will tie of lasting benefit. Ttio expenses of Indian education have so far been drawn from the permanent civiliza­ tion fund at the disposal of the Department of the Interior ; but the fund is now so much re­ duced that the continuance of this bftiielicial work will in the future depend on spi cilic ap­ propriations by Congress for the purpose, and I venture 13 express the hope that Congress will not permit institutions so fruitful of good re­ buts to perish for want of means for their jpuoport. On the contrary, an increase of the ' jiumber of schools appears to be highly advis­ able. The past year has been unusually free from disturbances among the Indian tribes. Au agreement has been made with the Utes, by which thev surrender their large reservation in Colorado in con-idem tion of au annmtv, to be paid! to them, and agree to settle iu severalty on certnin lands designated for that purpose, as farmers, holding individual title to their laud iu fee-simple, inalienable for a certain period. In this way a cotitly Indian war has been avoided, which, at one time, seemed inuniuent, and, for the first time in the history of the country, au Indiau nation has given up its tribal existence to be settled in severalty, and to live as individuals under the common protection of the laws of the country. The conduct of the Indians through­ out the country, during the past year, with but few noteworthy exceptions, has been orderly and peaceful. The guerrilla warfare carried on for two years by Vietorio and his band of Southern Apaches, has virtually come to an end by the death of that cii ei and m >st of his followers, on Mexican sol'. 'J he disturbances caused on our northern frontier bv Sitting Bull and his men, who had taken re luge in.ti.e JInu:-h dominions, are also likely to cease. A large majority of his follow­ ers have surrendered to our military forces, and the remainder ure apparently in progress of disintegration. I ccncur *> ith the Secretary of the Interior in exprc t-ing the earnest hope that Congress will at tliu session take favorably action on the 1 ill providing for the allotment of lands on the different reservations in severalty to the Indians, u i*h patents confer; ing fee- i simple title inalienable for a certain period, I and the eventual dispori'ion of tho resi lue of I the reservations, for general settlement, with | the consent and for the benefit of the In- j dians, placiug the latter under the equal protection of the laws of the country. This j measure, together wit h a vigorous prosecution j of our educational efforts, will work the most important and effective advance toward a solu- j tion of the Indian problem, in preparing f>r the j gradual mergiug of our Indian population iu I the great body of American citizen-hip. J A large increase w reported iu the disposal of i public lands for settlement during the past j yer r, which m.%rk« the prosperous growth of •oiir agricultural industry, and a vigorous move- | ment of population toward our unoccupied i lands. As this movement proceeds the codifi- j •cation of our land laws, as well as proper le^is- j latiou to regulate the disposition of public lands, becomes of m«re pressing necessity, and • I therefore invite the consideration of Congress to the report and the accompanying draft of a l>ill, made by the Public I/inds Commission, which were communicated by me to C ongress at the last session. Early action upon this im­ portant subject is highly desirable. The attention of Congress is again asked to the wasteful depredations committed on our public timber-lands, and the rapid and indis­ criminate destruction of our forests. The nr gent necessity for legislation to this end is now generally recognized. In view of the lawless character of the depredations committed, a::.t the disastrous consequences which will inevita­ bly follow their continuance, legislation has again and again been recommended to arrest the evil, and to preserve for the people of our Western States and Territories the tini!x»r need­ ed/or domestic and other essential uses. i The report of the Director of thw Geologi­ cal 8urvev is a document of uuusual interest. I The consolidation of the various geological j and geographical surveys and exploring" en- ! terprises, each of which 1 a > heretofore oper­ ated upon an independent plan, without con­ cert, cannot fail to be of great benefit 10 all tho e industries of the countiy which de­ pend upon the development of our min­ eral resources. The labors of the scien­ tific men, of recognized merit, who com­ pose the Corps ol the Geological Survey, during the first seasou of their fieid •operations and inquiries, appear to have been verv comprehensive, and will soon be communicated to Congress in a number of volumes. The Director of the Surv y n-eom- mtuids that the investigations earned on by. his bm-ettu, which, so far. have be< n confined to the so-called public-land States and Terri­ tories, bo extcnde l over the entire country, aqd that the necessary appropriation be made for this purpose. This would be particn'^rly bene ficial to the iron, co::l and other mining inter esta of the Mississippi valley, and of the East­ ern and Southern States. The subject is com­ mended to the careful consideration of Con­ gress. ' The Secretary of the Interior asks attention to the want of rodkn in the public buildings of the capital, now existing and in progress of construction, for the aocommodatiou or tho clerical >^<>rce employed, and of the public, records. Necessity lias compelled the renting Of private hui'dings in different parts of the city for the location of public offices, for which a large amount of rent is annually paid, while the separation of offices belonging to the sanje departments impedes the transac­ tion of current business. The Secre­ tary sugge-ts that the blocks surround­ ing Lafayette Square, on the east, north, and west, be purchased as the sites for new edifices, for the ac ommodation of the Government of­ fices, leaving the square itself intact; and that, if Biich buildings were constructed upon a har­ monious plan of architecture, they would add much to the beauty of the natioii il capital, and would, together with the treasury and the new Siate, Navy, and War Department building, form one of the most imposing groups of public edi­ fices in the world. The Commissioner of Agriculture expresses the confident belief that his efforts in behalf of the production of our own sugar and tea have been encouragingly rewarded. The importance of the results attained have attracted marked attention at home, and have received the special consideration of foreign nations. The successful cultivation of our own tea, and the manufacture of our own sugar, would make a difference of many millions of dollars annually in the wealth of the nation. The report of the Commissioner asks atten­ tion particularly to the continued prevalence of an infectious and contagious cattle-disease, known and' dreaded in Europe and Asia as cattle-plague, or pleuro-pueumonia. A mild type of this disease, in certain sections of our country, is the occasion of great loss to our farmers, and of serious disturbance to our trade with Great Britain, which furnishes a market for most oi our live-stock and dresned meats. The value of neat-cattle exported from the United States for the eight months ended Aug. 31, 1880, was ntore than twelve million dollars, and nearly double the value for the same period in 187i>, an unexam­ pled increase of export trade. Your early at­ tention is solicited to this important matter. The Commis>ioner of Education reports a continued increase of public interest in edu­ cational affairs, and that the public schools generally throughout the country are well sus­ tained. Industrial training is attracting de­ served attention, and colleges for instruction, theoretical and practical, in agriculture and the mechanic arts, including the Government schools recently established for' the in­ struction of Indian youth, are gaining steadily in public estimation. The Commis­ sioner asks special attention to tlie depreda­ tions committed on tho lauds reserved for the future support of public instruct sot, and to the very great need of help from the nation for schools iu the Territories aud in the Southern States. The recommendation here­ tofore made is repeated and urged, that au educational fund be set apart from the net pro­ ceeds of the sales of the public lands annually, the income of which, and the reinainder'of the net amiunl proceeds, to be distributed ou some satisfactory plan to the States and Territories and the District of Columbia. The success of the public schools of the District ot Columbia, and the progress made, under the intelligent direction of the Board of Education and the Superintendent, in sup­ plying the educational requirements of the District, with thoroughly trained and efficient teachers, is very gratifying. The nets of Congress, from time to time, donating public lands to the several States and Territories in aid of educational interests, have proved to I*) wise measures of public policy, resulting in great and lasting benefit. It would seem to be a matter of simple justice to extend the bene­ fits of this legislation, the wisdom of which has been HO fully vindicated by experience, to tLe District of Columbia. I again commend the general interests of the District of Columbia to the favorable consid­ eration of Congress. The affairs of the Dis­ trict, as shown by the report of the Commis­ sioners, are in a very satisfactory condition. In my annual Messages heretofore, ai.d in my special Messages of Dee. 10, 1879, I have lu-ged upon Congress the necessity of reclaim­ ing the marshes of . tho Potomac adja­ cent to the capital, and I am constrained by its importance to advert again to the subject. These flats embrace an area of several hundred acres. They are an %iipo'liin<nt to the drainage of the city and se­ riously impair its health. It is l>elieved That, with this substantial improvement of its river j front, the capital would be in all respects one of tho most attractive cities in the world. Aside from its permanent population, this city is necessarily the place of re.s dence of persons from every section of the country, engaged in the public service. Many other* reside here temporarily for the transaction of business with the Government. It should not bo forgott en that the land ac­ quired wiil probably be worth the cost of re­ deeming it, and that the navigation of tho river will be greatly improved. I therefore again in­ vito the attention of C'ougress to the importance of prompt provision for this much-needed and too-'osig-del.ived improvement. Tho water supply of the city is in:ulequ«t<. In addition to tho ordinnry use tmougbot.; tiie city the consumption by Government is uoccss.irily very great in the navy-yard, arsenal, and the various departments, and a large (piati- tity is required for the proper preservation of the numerous parks and the cleansing of sewers. I recommend that this subject icorive the cai- ly attention of Congress, and that, in muLing provision for an increased supply, such means be adopted 8 8 will have in view the future growth of the city. Tei::pv<mry expeoi nts fur such a purpose cannot but be wastefi^ of money, and therefore-unwise. A more ample reservo];-, wit i com'Hpmiding fmi.i ioa for keeping is. filled, should, in my judgment, be contracted. I commend agr.in to the attention of Congress the subject of tho removal, from their pres­ ent local ion. of the depots of the several r»il- roi'ds entering the city : and I renew the rec­ ommendations of my former messages in be­ half of the erection of a building for the Con­ gressional Libraty, the completion of the Washington Monument, and of liberal appro­ priations iri support of the b< nevolent, reform­ atory andpenu! institution!-, of the District 1 I UTHEHI'OUD B. HAVES. EXECVTIVE MANSION, Dec. C>, 1880. A Good Chance for Sol'tnde. Far out iu the Atlantic, 181 miles very nearly due west of St. Kilda, mid 29 > miles from the nearest part of the main kuuloi Scotland, there is a granite st.;e-k, whieli rises to a height of seventy feet above the sea, and at a distance has been mistaken for a vessel under sail. The upper part is inhabited by vast numbers of sea fowl. The name of the stack is Iiockall. The great sand bank from which it rises abounds with cod. For nearly two years a man, through the columns of the London Spectator, has l»een calling the attention of various scientific societies and individuals to the suitability of Roekall for a meteorologi­ cal station, and has been offering, under certain conditions, to reside there alone for a twelve-month, and take a scries of observations. With a foundation of sev­ enty feet above the sea, or even less, li4 savs, there would keuo difficulty in fixing a house upon lieeiiall that would laugh at the wind and spray. One chonibe? would do, and it could be made of stout timber locked to ringbolts, or to be built of concrete. If connected by telegraph to the main land, Ilex-kali would, this person thinks, tie an agreeable residence; and even iu its isi »lated state it would be endurable enough if the occupant were cheered by the reflection that he was a pioneer in a noble cause. A little money would be well spent in trying to make storm warnings more reiittbie than they have been of late. Besides meteorologi­ cal observations, an observer posted on llockall riii^ht, if projwrly instructed, l>e able to throw a little light on oceanic circulation, temperature, &o. :i[L_ time for its aecomjplishment, the success­ ful achievement of which 'is enough to make any 1 fe illustrious, and to have live 1 to complete it with powers of body and mind undiminished." Report of the Auditor of Railroad Ac-* count*. The annuU report of Theophitaa French, Auditor of Railroad Accounts, is mainly de­ voted to the condition of the l&ud-grant rail­ roads in whole or in put west, north, or south of the Missouri river. Mr. French says that during the past yew the condition of all rail­ road property in the United States has been much improved, more especially that of the railroads west of the Mississippi; that among those railroads lying west of the Mississippi tho most marked improvement has been on the great trunk line of the Union and Central Pacific Companies, and of which the United States Goveniment is a creditor to the amount of nearly $8ti,000,600. Stability of rates, eve'n though rates have' been reduced, has piven larger earnings, which, iu turn, have enabled liberal expenditures to be made for maintenance and improvement, to the manifest advantage of the traveling public and shippers as well as of the properties themselves. As to the Pacific railroads proper, he says that branch lines have been aud are m process of construc­ tion, and still more are projected. Steel rails are being Largely substituted for iron rails ; ties are kept well renewed; grades are being re­ duced, and bad sections remedied ; trestles are being tilled and road-l>eds widened and bail lasted ; shops and station-houses "are being en­ larged, uew and improved machinery has been purchased, equipment has l>een increased so as to meet the requirements of the traffic, aud in all' this, wLiio ecouomv has been studied, safety of travel and public convenience have not been overlooked- At uo previous time in the history of these great enterprises has tho value of the properties been* so assured,(or their prospects been so good for benefiting their owu. rs, paying their debts and serving the people better aud more cheaply. One chapter of the report is devoted to a his­ tory of accidents, from a summary of which it appears that of the passengers who travel bv railroad in the Uuited S'.ates, including em­ ployes on trains, in every 1,500, (KM) carried one is killed and lour i.re injured, or. tostate it dif­ ferently, that in every 40,000,000 persons car­ ried oue inile one is killed and four are injured. The tigures also show that about one-fourth of the train accidents are the results of defects in property, while more than one-half are the re­ sult of carelessness, lack of discipline, or de­ fective management. The continued improvement hi the business of railroads is noted by tbe fact that for the Calendar year 1H79, as compared with 187S, the gross earnings of noarly all the railroads ni the United States show an increase of $40,000,000, or about 8 per cent. Tho working excuses show an increase of #7,500,000. or about 2.^ per cent., and the net earnings show/an increase of $32,500,000, or more than 17 per cent., while themcrcBHed mileage has bceuabout 6 per cent., or nearly 4.800 miles. A noticeable feature of this increased busi­ ness is that it has occurred nearly altogether on the railroads of the Middle, Western and Southwestern States, the business of tiiose in the Pa ;ific, Now England and Southern States not having materially improved. Mr. French draws the following conclusions from a comparison of the Eastern and Western railroads : First, that while the ratio of operating expenses to gross ̂ earnings oa these Western roads is, say, per cent., aud ou tho Eastern roads 62 per cent., the Eastern roads have done three times the work at only double the cost. Second, that both these Eastern and Western railroads have reduced their rates per ton per mile 14 per cent.\and passenger rates about 7 per cent, on au average. Third, that the aver­ age haul, both of freight and passengers, on the Western, is nearly double that on the East­ ern roads. Fourth, that the average rate per ton per mile ou the Eastern roads is down to the very low price of less than nine-tenths of a cent, and the rate for passengers per mile to 2>£ cents. As to the Northern Pacific, the Auditor thinks that no other company is believed to have a straighter or a more honest and honor­ able record than their books exhibit; but he criticizes the company for have donated such a large tniount to preferred stock at par value in order to place a loan of 42,500,000 upon the two divisions of its road. Mr. French devotes comparatively little space to the important questions of inle-Hmte trans­ portation. As a substitute for the Reagan and all other pending bills upon that subject, ho proposes a law which dull enilwdy the follow­ ing principles : That all common earners en­ gaged in transporting passengers and freerot from one Stite or Territory to u outlier State or Territory of tho United Btates are hereby authorized to charge and receive for said service Bflcli couipulsation as they may fix from time to tine, provided that no <hhcriir;i;ialiou of any land whatever shall be mado; that tho" possible service and facilities shall be furnished on the same day, at tbe same price, for atl freight offered, and, iu case any common carrier evades or breaks t^_is provision, the party injured sh,il! have bis rem­ edy in any United States court having j tiris- diction. s"? V "j ' '•' • r ~ - j r- FARM HOTES. Fa4 MttCH Cows.--It is possible for milch cows to become too fat. In this case give less meal and more bran. APPLES.--Ohio farmers, at a loss how to dispose of their apples, are feeding tbem to their cows, and report good re­ sults. FEED FOR POCT/TRY PER YEAR.--One bushel of corn, or corn aud meal mixed, per head, is a fair allowance for common fowls for a year. They will pick up enough in addition to this to keep them iii good condition if they have a run at laige every day. If kept slmt up some scraps of meat and vegetables will be needed in addition to the grain. DISEASED FKTTIT TREES.--We have tried it repeatedly aud never know it to fail. That is, cutting off the diseased part anil slitting the bark ou one side of the limb and body from the affected part down. In fact, if the diseased part is cut off and the limb and body slit, it will stop the destruction of the tree, or at least it has for us every time.--Fruit Re­ corder. HORSES PAWING IV THK STABLE.--A light chain is recommended by some to break them 6f tliis trick, fastened above the knee to hang down loose, but not longenough to touch the floor. If horses kick, fasten the chain in the same way to CRAB APPLE JELLY.--Unt out the blos­ som £nds and quarter the apples, but do! not peal or core them. Put into a stone J jar, covered well, and set in a kettle of j tepid water, with a block or small tin in the lx>ttom. Let it boil thus nearly all day, leaving it in the covered jar until: .next morning. Then sift through a colen- i der, and aftowards straiu through a jelly j bag. Allow a pound of sugar for a pint j juice* Boil the juice twenty minutes,! add the hot sugar, stirring well, and let i all boil up together two or three minutes. ' Some crab apples seem very dry, and j require a little addition of water to the' juice. DRIED PEA&--Soak a quantity of peas ill water for twenty-four hours.* Throw the water away, aud put the peas in a ! sauoe-pan with a couple of onions stuck with cloves, a bunch of thyme and pars- j ley, a couple of bay leaves, whole pepper ! and salt to taste. Fill up the sauce-pas ! with cold water, ond set the contents to ALL SORTS. A bang is considered load. EVERY man thinks his club is trump. Ox a windy day everything looks blew. THE rows that *11 axe praising an Hanlan's. ' ALWAYS in order--o. Not always in order--owe. IT don't takea very fast horse to catch the epizootic. MIN*NE8OTA venison ia plenty in the New York market. V ICE and coal seem to " teeter." "When one goes up the other goes down. THE color line gives them trouble in Ireland. The orange and green. CEREMONIES differ in every country, but true politeness is ever the same. not observed^?first to do w Two SIGHTLESS lovers have been mar- W'untii'the"peas ^"i^rthomughiy donft f ried in Cincinnati. They went it blind. Drain off the water, pass the peas ! A KENTUCKY hamlet is spoken of as through a hair sieve and work them in a ; the horse-swappingest village in the sauce-pan on the fire with a piece of but­ ter until the puree is quite hot, moisten­ ing with a little stock or some of their ! own liquor if the puree be too stiff. A j piece of bacon trailed with the peas is i an improvement j LARD. -- jLeaf lard, skin carefully, j wash, drain, cut into bits, put into a tin i The t'ensins Hurean. Gen. Francis A. Walter, Superintendent of the Census, ,in his regular annual report to the Secretary of )the Interior, says that although the work of hiking: the tenth census is ;-ub- Ktnniuiiiy complete (the returns having been received from all but seven of the total number of 31,205 enumeration di-^ tri-'ts). it will piub.U.ly l»e two or three weeks before the officev will be able to present complete statistics of tho -popu­ lation of the country, and he therefore conmd- eiH it advisable to postpone to a future repott r ll mention of the results of ihe enumeration, fnd aUo till di-^nnnioa of method* HI u«e r.s well ait any su^estion* which may require to be nude of changes in the census law with reference to fu'nre enumerations. The Superintendent s.ivs that every year aud evt rv month which can be saved in the com­ pilation and publication of census statistics adds a^ Tireciabiy to their value, and roeo'ti- mends t: i:• t Congress be asked to authorize the prii ting by special contract under the supervision of the Secretary of the Interior, and, if it be thought desirable, also of the Printing Committees of the two houses of Congress, of the several reports of the <-"n-.*u* as fast as pr.p;;red. The accounts of 2S.410 enumerators have already been settled, involv­ ing a t 't.'d expenditure of upward of 5I1.820,- OW). Oniv about accounts rem*in un­ adjusted, and there is no n*a; on to doubt that the month of De.teml-er wiil sec all the enume­ rators paid for their services, exoept oidv in ••iiw-rt where a nu«pension is required for re.-i- s.<ns unmistakably connected witn some fault of the enumerator. Weorge Bancroft. j Senator Hoar said of Mr. Bancroft, at ' a meeting of the .American Antiqimrhui i Society, in Boston: "He is,'I believe, j the senior living person who has l>een a i memt»er of the Cabinet. He is the senior t siinciig living persons who have tilled important diplomatic stations. He li s represented the United States at Berlin I and at St. .Tames. His history is. and j doubtless wiil be, the great slamlurd an- i thorit-v upon tin- important period which i it covers. He is the only person living j whose judgment would ohtoge the place j i t public wdimution held by any of the • great statesmen of the Revolutionary ! times. He has had the rare good fortune j among naen of letters to have projxi .exl to himself a great task, requir.ng a life- ' the hind leg. If a horse is at all rarv-1 llt and u- ^ °f W'ng wat^* ous-as such as paw and kick usually ' lY™ V A are-we should be afraid that the cliam i ' b ^f f, 8?ll,meut 8ettf1 ̂ hen wonld frighten and cause him to kick i sS ^ ̂ • • other fatty portions, wash, drain, cut DIGGING PoTAToca--A Maine farmer into bits and put into an iron kettle over says in the New York Iferaid that he a slow fire. Add a small teacupful bf paid his men $1.25 per day for digging water, to prevent burning. When the and jutting potatoes, which cost sisTceuts of fat are reduced to fillers, take out per bushel. He told two of the men he would give them five cents per bushel if they would do the work. They took the job and went to work, and dug and pit­ ted 100 bushels per clay, and went home some times by 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Humors of the Telegraph. That was a witty man who, being de­ tained by a snow blockade, penned a dispatch which ran thus : " My dear sir, I have every motive for visiting you, except a locomotive." So was the other who, under similar circumstance, .tele­ graphed to his firm in New York : " I shall not be in the office to-day, as I have not got home yesterday yet." The following dispatch created no lit­ tle amusement in the oilices through which it passed : "Charlie and Julia met at S----'s yesterday, quarreled and parted forever; met again this morning, and parted to meet no more ; met again this evening and were married." An old lady in a town of Massachu­ setts refused the gift of a load of wood from a tree struck by lightning, through fear that some of tbe "fluid " might re­ main in the wood, and cause disaster to her kitchen stove. A good story is told of a country wom­ an who received a dispatch later than she expected : " It must have been de­ layed on the road," said she. " I know the wires are buiy to-day, for^ I heard' thftin working as I came along." MHE Vienna correspondent of the Lon- d%i Globe writes as follows: "Last night Miss Kellogg was singing the part of "PhiKne" in Miynon, where, in the second act, she has to open Beventl bil­ lets. One of these missives proved to be an eloquent letter of eight pages from a marquis who had long been in love with j with a skimmer. Watch constantly, and toward the last stir constantly. The fire should be moderate from first to last. Sprinkle in ft little salt, ahd when the fat looks clear take from the lire, and wlieu cool enourrh strain through a sieve oi The farmer saved one cent pe r bushel, or • coarse cloth into jars. When straining $1 per day; and the men doubled their i do not press the cloth as long as wages. i clear fat will run through, aud when „ _ __ . .„ ! you do squeeze it, straiu that part into PRODUCE GOOD --Extra milk- another jar. Lard keeps best in small era should be kept to breed from, their quantities, so it is well note to use over- mdkmg qualities alone entitling them to ]arge ve88els Keep closely covered in a this preference. It is quite as necessary ! to raise the calves of good milkers, in or-1 ^ der to have auother race of good milkers, . .... „ _ # as it is to raise the colts of good trotters j ' u *n ."i * in order to have fast horses. Extra dairy j " Damn." as a noun substantiative, is cows are always in demand. It is cor- j an old regular word, used frequently in tainly to be regretted that more care is English writers down to the first part of State. Mi-stbesh Mary, quite contrary, What does the baby say ? '• In the Hweetest tongue ever ipokaa or rang, . He twys he will have liis tray. No BOOKS are so legible as the lives of men; no characters so plain as their moral conduct. f . THE thrifty man will always put something away for a rainy day, even if it is nothing but a stolen umbrella. Ki.vti KAiiAKArA, of the Sandwich islands, is reported to have expressed an intention of .soon revisiting this coun­ try- - SENATOR BRUCE Urges upon the colored people to do three things-- to practice economy, to buy land, and to educate their children. TEXAS, which commenced raising wool in 1842, has now 4,000,000 sheep, and it is estimated that Montana will produce 50,000,000 pounds of wool in 1880. JERUSALEM is to have gas, street cars, passenger elevators and a telephone ex­ change. Jerusalem! somebody ought to start a theater and a dollar store. •V ' 1 ' They were not oDserveti m first to do SOL but finally they took a good-sized gnvti in their mouths and struck the again and again with all their jmgbt. Sometimes the gravel was as large a* * dried black-eyed pea. 5ames of Great Men. | A Montreal paper thinks Americans^, / lack respect toward their candidates frnr ^ •, the Presidency because they were often" •*, , spoken of simply as Garfield and Han-v v cock. It says that this lack of title is> what the English accord only to erimi- nals, prisoners or litigants. The equals ' *^1' ,v> and superiors of the English nobility, ' however, not infrequently address them , v by their titles only and without any in- . ^ ' dication of their rank--as Buckingham,, • <„ 1 - Beaconsfield, Argyle, etc. They them- "" ^ 3 selves generally affix their signatures in i this simplicity also. It does not imply ' disrespect to speak of a public man or a ? public servant without title or any sup­ erfluity of address. Indeed, the greater and the more respected the man, the* simpler becomes the name by which he is designated. This holds true of all " t -7,̂ kinds of publicity; in politics, literature, > •» and science. It is Bacon, Shakspesre, 4 . '"4 Columbus, Washington, Jefferson, Jack- % son, Webster, Cltiy, Lincoln, Grant, Xv Lee, Whittier, Longfellow, Humboldt, ,ix " 1 Darwin, Dickens, Thackeray, Gladstone, 1 > 1 Disraeli, Hugo, Napoleon, a hundred „sg| ^ times to once of these names with any r"-^' "handle," It is Byron a score of times to once of Lord Byron, and Scott to Sir ' \ H I Walter Scott. The more assured a man's , ^ position the less he needs to hang out his ( V*. signs. The distinguished lawyer, the ; ; eminent physician, generally parades * t\ Tl a small and obscure "shingle." It ^ • is the new man or young man ..V:v who needs the huge gilt letters at every corner and in every corraidor. In Dickens' and Thackeray's pictures of kitchen life the butlers and footmen always talk of " our house" and what " we," referring to their employers, con­ template doing ; and they are exceeding­ ly particular as to the style in which they are to be addressed by each other. The newly-emancipated slaves of the M --Si . is i* * ;3 . ^ Ma- Wi SOMB cigars fifty-two years old, which I South do each other the honor of put- not taken to improve the milking quali­ ties of our cows; and it is also a source of regret that so many of our farmers are in ! the habit of disposing of so many of j their yoking calves to the butchers. j FURNISH YOTTR BOYS WITH TOOLS.--! Prof. John E. Sweet, in an address before ; the ^poudaga Co. Farmers' Club said: j " The farmer who provides himself with j the necessary tools to do the repairing of the farm, not only makes a paying in­ vestment, but does for his sons, in an­ other way, just exactly what he does for ; them when he sends them to school. He ' gives them a chance to learn to do some-' thing. From among those IKIVS will be • found the mechanical engineers of the future." It wotdd be dillieult to crowd more truth and common sense into this short space. It is well known among mechanics that when an apprentice "learns to handle his tools," his trade is ' half learned. PREPARING the seventeenth century. WTe do not see why so ponderous a word has been dropped by lexicographers. In some places, as, if we speak of h6w original sin lies heavy on us, it seems a most ap- j Qf promise, and proved him such lirtiitriafA tk'rMvl Wn i 1. 1 11 '1 ii. _ • a . • 1 » 1 have lain most of the time in a garret, forgotten, have been brought to light in Rochester. They were almost tasteless* QTEEN VICTORIA, with the desire to specially signalizo the marriage of her , first grandson, will, it is rumored, go to Prince Wilhelm's wedding at Berlin, on Feb. 26. THKRE is a domestic eat in Hartford, Ct., which weighs twenty-seven and a half pounds, and its owners assert that it is the largest animal cf the kind in the world. AN Ohio girl sued a man for breach 'a mean propriate word. " We'inherit, with j scoundrel that the jury decided that she Adam s nature, the damn cleaving to it!" | ought to pay him something for not This use of the word came down to our American grandfathers, and lasted even I till tho time when the "Continental cur- ! rency " was a "dead loss." So came the j expression: "Not worth a Continental ! damn;" or " dead loss." And for short: | " Not worth a damn "--or bit of paper j that was a dead loss ! It is not to the j credit of our American lexicographers 1 that they have not recognized this origin ! of a piiraso peculiarly American, and j that, if " slang " at first, having a basis 1 iu fact, like a countless number of other words, has been enrolled as a factor in our accepted language--as " gerryman­ der " has been. The i>eople did better MANURE FOB HOT-BED.- | TH:\U ^ °U,VIMT' Fresh stable manure, in which there is' IUI(Ji ^etionaru s. Tliej kept the old plenty of litter, is most suited for this ' woras- pur]>ose. There should be at least one- third litter in the heap. If this isjiot in the mas* iu sufiieient qj juitity. add leaves or taubark; Shake it iti and mix it well wnt#r if 'at all dry Mid Damn means a loss--(in Ameri­ can parlance, as above, a worthless scrip). Damnable, for its general rn.au- niarrying her. Two CAPTAINS quarreled about a wom­ an aud a challenge pnssed. " What folly," said the fair one. "It is not with iron or steel, but with gold, you should fight for-me." THE Vermont housewife who reads that English nobles lnrve lots of hares in their preserves says she tried it in some blackberry jiun and doesn't believe those foreign stories. WE are progressing as a nation toward refinement. The wheelbarrow is now called the unicycle. But it is just as hard to run with a big trunk on it as it was under the old name. ADKLINA PATTI hates Englaud. She says: " It is a country where you can neither hunt nor sing, nor do anything you wish, aud I have but one ideii--to ing, signifies "worthy of severe cen-]j8en my property and get away from it sure." Only when used in a theological i forever, as quick as I can." together, addiug musty, and throw it into a compact "heap to ferment. Let it remain a week, aud then work it over thoroughly, as before, and add water, if necessary. Where the groiuid is quite dry, a very good method is to dig a 'space alxiut eighteen inches deep, and put in the manure, tramping , T* "ZTr'tTT T it firmly add evenly, and pla^ there"? ! JoUnicU the frame or sash, and , connection does it imply what Puritans suppose. It most certainly is not ; " swearing!" And. except bv the impo­ sition uf Puritan signification, it is not; ti e25,) 73oi081 - aad the ^ , c™g! And yet we remember hearing ( ^ vfa,u/of r'eal ^nd nnl r. people, using a phrase whose _ history ! . -s ... . t. tn THE -total aggregate of the debts of all the States of the Union at the present time, as given by the Bureau of Statis- they knew not, say "I do not care a cuss"--meaning a curse.-- Freeman's put in the rich earth, and in al>out four days, sow the seed, having previously stirred the earth freely, to destroy the seeds of weeds therein. HOGS IN WINTER.--There is no domes- tie annuel that suffers so much from ex­ posure to cold and wet as tTie hog. He is a native of a mild climate, and should be treated as his nature demands if we wonld turn its jvceuliarities to our advan­ tage. And during winter he should bo provided with warm, dry quarters, plenty of warm, elean bedding, and an abun­ dant supply of nutritious, fat and lieat- producing food. , For this purpose there is nothing equal to corn, owing to tho •rge amount of carbon in its composi­ tion, winch the hog appropriates in pro­ ducing fat and heat to warm his system -- the same as our stove3| coi snnie car­ bon in the form of wood aud coal to warm our rooms. The older and the more exposed thes" rooms are, the more fuel we arc obliged to consume to make them comfortable. Just so with the hog -- the less care is cxjiendedin making his quar­ ters comfortable, the more corn lie must consume to keep up the animal heat, ond, if not supplied with the neeessarv amount of food, his svstem has to full iiao.lv 011 curl on it has stored in the form of fot, and he must necessarily lwe in weight, at his careless or thoughtless owner's expense. Hi>gs should also have a good supply of water, as it is impossible for them <0 digest tiieir food without water to dissolve jt and convey it into the blood. They should l>e kept constantly supplied with salt, coal and ashes. Salt Necessity of Cleanliness. As a ruie, every boy and girl, every young man and woman who will, can liave clean clothes, a clean body, clean face, clcan hands aud feet, clean teeth, and a clean, sweet breath. Now, in your own mind, contrast cleanliness with its opposite. If we were only seeking to 1 tl ylitu;illhts £iis trouLica a nu>:isp tho ftvfl. t.liA fnrm«r IA worth all i 1 .. T , ^ , many others beside Mr. Joseph Cook please the eye, the former is worth all the euro necessary to secure it; we go farther than this, however. No one can be careless of his person, and unclean in his habits, without producing br perpet­ uating like disorders in mind, and in all he does. Our bodies are covered with innumerable pores or holes, so small that tike naked eye cannot see them, and through yiese there is, or should lie, a constant passage of elTeto dead matter. In warm w eather we are made sensible of the fact by the perspiration which stands upon our faces and hands, or sat­ urates our clothes. This effort of the system to cleanse itself inside is con­ stant, whether we know it or not. Sup­ pose, now, that you neglect to keep your body clean outside; these little holes arc stopped, the dead matter which should come out is kept in, the blood becomes impure, the brain wearies or gets lazy, we are lazy all over; then we get slack and careless ; we do not like to study or think, even of nice things, und so we are injured ail through if we do not keep the surface of the body clear. Of course, while we are at work or play, we get our clothes, face and hands soiled, aud sometimes our whole lxxlies tv is stated by the same authority to be $16,241,585,708. THH,lawyer wanted to badger the wit ness as he asked: " Have you ever been convicted of crime?" Of course, the man was mad at the insinuation-- mighty mad. He indignantly replied : " Do you think I'm blamed fool enough to ever let myself get caught?" Heat once gained the sympathy of the entire audience.--Boston Fast. THK slate-writing " manifestation" of good . . . ure covered with dnst and perspiration ; is a valuable stimulator of the appetite ilicn what a luxury it is to bathe ! It and digestive organs. During warm . j8 J10t bad that we sometimes get dirt on days in the winter the feed should be , regulated according to the temperature, ! ust as we would regulate the fuel ac- j wording to the demands ot the weather. I When the weather suddenly becomes i warm, animals lose their appetites, aud | are liable to become "stalled." Some ! cooling, succulent food, as slop or vege- \ tables of some kind should be substituted for the more heating food of grain. HOCSEKEKPERS» HELPS. LAMP-SHADES of ground glass should be washed with soda and water, which will not discolor them. To RESTOJIK VELVETS.--Hold over a j basin of iKtilinpr water, bnck dov^. It t takes a long time, but the nap will rise. I LT'MON ZF.RT.--Bub loaf-sugar over the surface of lemons. The friction breaks the oil-ducts and the sugar absorbs the | oil. Put into fruit jars in the lump, or pound fine. Keep tightly corked. This; w very fine for flavoring custards, j creams' etc. get ns while doing our duty, |>ut it is bad to be careless and let it leinain there. One of the Lost Arts. "Johnny," said his wicked sister, as he graduated from the law school, "why are you like flexible glass?" "Why am I?" repeated the young man, "Because I give easily, when my sister's birthday comes around." "Not right!" she exclaimed; "though that is true, and very good." "Because,"' he persisted, "flexible glass is ductile, and I was docked Until I was nfniid I shouldn't get my sheep- shin." "No!" she shouted; "not half as hard as that." ' "Because," he tried again, "flexible glass is opaque, and I hope-ex-ceedingly that " "No, John I" she interposed severely; "flexible glass isn't opaque, and such a pun is net allowable, anyhow." "Well," said John, "you needn't get mad. I am like flexible glass," he re­ sumed, ."because . Is it anything COFFEE.-The best cofTee is made by ftbout Viatic-'?-alas-8ticking over my using a mixture of two-tmrds Java ana . .. . -- ° J ^ , . . ., . examination, you kuow.' Delmonico is said to <<Ghi dear, no! how dull you are!' she t one-third Mocha. allow one and one-half pound | wmarked^^ti^ !° ai w .k0. m.tke flexible glass now-a-days, you tered through the coffee-it is not boded. knovv. lha£a why vo„ ^ it . , , - , .. | FRIED MUSH.--This simple breakfast _oue of tho Law Starts, you see!" her, in which be onoe more pressed his j jg much improved, if the slices ( then he took her to the oyster suit in burning accents. This pretty j nj mnsli are first dipped i ' ruse was crowned with success, and now it is an open secret that the great American artiste has given her hand and heart to the lover who has wooed her ever sinoe the early spring." -Andrew*' Queen. in beaten egg saloon.-and then in cracker crumbs, trying tn a mixture of lard and butter to a light THB ga<-atost tistiei woman in England brown. The meal should be thorougldy is Lady Caroline Lennox, daughter of cooked and the mush allowed to become the Duke of Riohiuim.3, who isu wonder- cold before slicing. ' Jul hand at landing sidmon. How the writing could be accomplished when the slates were securely tied to­ gether, with a pencil lietween them, was hard to guess. But Mr. James Sargent, of Rochester, lias been watching the seances of Dr. Slade and others, and ho says that whenever the slates are so pro­ tected as to make trickery impossible it is found that the " conditions are unfa­ vorable. " He offers a reward of 8100 for au intelligent communication written inside the slates when they are sealed as ^cll as tied. Wooden Houses Exeunt. Iron is already a formidable rival of wood, and in connection with stone and clay, through the introduction of ma­ chinery for their cheap and ornamental manufacture, can now be produced so as to euable the erection of dwellings equal in appearance and scarcely more exjiensive than the ordinary dwellings of wood. Terra cotta, constructed m hollow cubes, can l>e laid up so as to present a double wall, giving a single or double air space, making walls at once as warm, fully as durable, and at as lit­ tle expense, or very nearly so, as in the use of wood. Furring and lathing of iron has been acceptably tested, as have light iron beams and rafters. Terra­ cotta roofs are almost universally em­ ployed upon the most expensive build­ ings, and the material may be pro­ cured sufficiently porous to hold tho noil j which confines an outer covering of slate j or corrugated iron, or may be glazod to ' form a perfectly water-tight surface, if desired. Tiling is generally adopted for j roofs in many countries. Glass, paper j and terra cotta have been euooessfully ting a title to each other's names. With them it is always conscientiously and punctiliously " Mr. Johnsing," or " Mr Thompson. In the heat of a partisan campaign, an excited speaker or writer may occasion­ ally violate propriety by attaching, in­ stead of detaching, a title to a man's name. "Jimmy" Buchanan, "Abe** Lincoln, "Jimmy" Blaine," "Bill" English occasionally slip into speech and editorial, but even these offenses against courtesy are rarer than formerly; In respect to those men whose admirers ad:i nicknames to their names, it is le­ gitimate even if it be not iu the best of taste to call them by their popular names. "Bob " Ingersoll, *' Ben " But­ ler, " Zach " Chandler, " Harry " Clay, "Andy" Johnson, are*the outgrowths of popular whims, affection and famil­ iarity which, though lacking reverence, are not essentially disrespectful.--De­ troit Free, Press. Individuality of the Horse. One thing curious and interesting about the horse is its individuality. This is a characteristic common to all animals, undoubtedly, to a greater or less degree, but surpassingly so, we think, in the ease of the horse. How this character­ istic varies in horses is well known by any one who has ever intelligently drawn a rein over a good roadster. The indi­ viduality of horses varies as much as that of men. Every one has a different mental as well as physical make-up. Some horses seem to have brains, to have sense, are quick to understand and obey the least si^n, motion, or word ot their master ; others are not inaptly termed " luuk-heads," always awkward, lu nbering about, difficult to teach, and never " make anything," in a horseolog- ical sense. It may be true that these t traits in a horse are sometimes due to the habits of his driver or owner, and that the horse itself may not be so much to blame for his ignorance, but however ; j much lie may be excused on this score I there is a surprising difference in these | mental qualities of horses. Some men j drive and use horses for years and yet j never realize anything, or* that there in | any more difference between them than j there is between so many barrels or (saw-logs. Other men who handle horses i a great deal, who buy and sell frequent- ! ly, aud who study much their different j characteristics, will teil you how w'onder- j ful horses ure, how much more they II know than some men, how much eacn 1 one has to be driven and handled differ- ? ently, and how much they will some­ times teach even their drivers I Between a nervous, sensitive, intelligent hone atid his considerate owner how large s union of fellowship and sympathy ex­ ists ! In the stable, on the road if over­ taken by an accident, the cool, sensible man is sure to have a quick sympathy for his faithful horse. He trusts hw master as his master trusts him. If the master is quiet the horse will lie equally so, knowing that everything is sate; M the master blusters, or becomes anxious^ or exhibits fear, the horse knows it aft once, and seems restive likewise. Oh, that men only knew that horses knowv much more than they give them credit for, and they would use them more hu­ manely than they now da. Horses axe uot brutes; they are noble, intelligent, sensible creatures, the most useful ani­ mal servant which Divine Goodness has given to man. . ~'T ^ , A Russian Execution^ 8 ^ ̂ Frequent as Nihilist executldlal lwtt " been during the lost few years, the vic­ tims ore happily of a very different oar- , der from those of tho days of Nicholas. But many men still living can remember ;; a bleak December morning in St. Peters­ burg when a dozen of the most brilliant men in Russia were led out to die upon one gallows, including Pestal, the com­ poser of the famous waltz, aud RylaieJ^ oue of the leading native poets of his time. * The latter's end was marked by \ very striking episode. He hud insist- '4 tiiii£ \*nf ; ' V 'IB • • . r . - 1 ' ed on djing before his friend Pestal, in employed in square or oblong bloeks for J order to show the latter how calmly be flooring, laid upon iron joisting. Of j could meet his fate; but the rojie broke, these, the paper and terra cottn are with­ in reach of the humblest mechanic who can raise the means to erect a moder­ ately-comfortable cottage. In fact, any man who can now erect a dwelling of wood at .a cost of £1,500 can, in the present developments of manufacture, duplicate it in fire-proof materials, with no sign of wood in its construction be­ yond the doors, for an equal or but slightly increased cost, and, iu many re­ spects, far superior to the wooden budd­ ing, rat and mouse proof, warm, free from dampness, well ventilated and at­ tractive in appearance. Angry Sparrow*. An ingenious boy in Richmond, Va., bad a pigeon-lx>x. Ho fastened upon the front of it a piece of looking-glass, perhaps a fourth of a square fix>t in size* Some English sparrows built in th s ix»x m ad occupied their spare time in titfhtiug the imag s of themselves in the | glass. They would fight, by the hour, and pant with hv'oor and he»«t, fly­ ing violently against the glass, taking breath and trying again and again. and he came to the ground still alive. An influential frieud of his who was present implored the officer iu command to delay the execution until he had made one more appeal for mercy, and hurried to the palace. " Did he SKV anything when he fell?" asked the C'zar. The suppliant hesitated, but the sulialtexn who attended him, an enemy cf Hylau-ff, replied at once: " He said, your Maj­ esty, that in Russia they cannot even hasig a man properly. "Qo back* then," roared Nicholas, " and show him. that they cau I" THERE seems, says CHE Aatetl etiry, to be no limit to the diamonds. iferous wealth erf South Afrits*. New rushes are of weekly i»-cnnviioev »»<t JftgeiT,iontein is producing gems. Kitulierley has nuw n^cnmie lit­ tle more than a capitalists* mia^ x so that the new diggings will prove to the poor men. A pvreoii m*auti«%d to judge stated lately thst < a-turn of diamonds last year $4Q,t)0M,0U^ it which not more than.t*ie-teuUlOfB18UWd in the country.