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«%s;< - ^ / : mm iiiiiiiiMliiMt •I kpcnrg fgtaindcaln • I. MN 8LYKE, E«tor MML PSMMMT. McHENRY, v -- ILLINOIS. • --» BOBEBT MAYO, a colored citizen o '-Louisville, *hro**ght suit for divorce, al- . , leg in g that he thought his wife was a mulatto, whereas she is a white woman, and their oohabitation is in violation of Claw. . SALVINI had a hard time of it in Boston. One esthetic woman invited him to a pale tea where the gas was turned off and a few candles lit, so that people talked at each other in the daric. He made the best of it by saying it te- minded hira of an Italian salon--where they don't use gas--but everybody else said it reminded them of Vanderbilt's tunnel. At another party the lady of the house approached and serenely in­ vited Salvini to recite somelhifag. His smiles vanished, fend he said he never recited. FROM the official report of the Italian census, taken on the last day of the year 1881, it appears that the total pop­ ulation of the peninsula is 28,452,639, an increase since 1871 of 1,651,485; while, in that period, itt is estimated, ' further, that fully 350,000 Italians have emigrated. The educational exhibit 6f these returns is interesting because so encouraging. Thus, the number o! persons who could not read or write in 1871 was 42 per cent, of men and 47 of women--proportions which, in the case of men, have decreased 17 per cent, and of women 11. The greatest im­ provement is found between the ages -of 20 and 25. THE guardsmen returned frem Egypt who now walk the streets of London, says an English paper, have a wild look about the eyes and a marked nnquiet about the brow. The trace of severe privation is left in their dried and shrunken forms, but the trace of mental anguish is visible enough in the dis­ turbed glances they cast around. The same expression was noticeable in the laces of the men returned from Zulu- land, and the officers of our army will tell you that the men who have served in the frontier war against the Indians never recovered the happy, careless look they had worn at the commence ment of a campaign. "One single echo of the war whoop by night will rob a man of twenty years of his life, and he may bid farewell to his youth forever after," said Gen. Custer just before en­ tering on his campaign on the Rosebud river. ^ SOME interesting statistics of the publio observatories of the world have just been published. Their number is 118; eighty-four being in Europe, two in Asia, two in Africa, twenty-seven in America and three in Oceania. Of the European observatories Prussia has twenty-nine, Russia nineteen, England fourteen, Italy nine, Austria eight, France six, Switzerland four and Swed­ en three. Spain, Portugal, Holland and Norway each possess two, while there is only one in Greece, Belgium and Denmark. The most ancient ob­ servatory in Europe and in the world is that of Leyden, having been founded in 1632; then comes Copenhagen, founded in 1637; Paris, in 1667 and Greenwich, in 1675. The Moscow observatory is the oldest in Russia, dating from 1750. Prussia, now the richest country in/the world in astronomical observatories, had none before 1805. --U • THAT the country is hehltfcfcrir' than the city is generally understood, but the mortality statistics of the census furnish data upon which to base an opinion as to the difference in their san­ itary advantages. The death-rate in the census of 1860 was 12.5 per thou­ sand of population, 12.8 in the census of 1870, and 15.1 in the census of 1880. The increase is attributed to the greater accuracy in the work of the enumera­ tors for each successive census, rather than to any increase in the actual mor­ tality. It is believed that the enumera­ tors have yet failed to obtain the full mortality statistics, for a canvass in two States has shown that about 30 per cent, of the deaths are not included in the census statistics. It is therefore supposed that the true death-rate is not far from 18 per thousand ef popula­ tion. As the death-rate for our cities averages about 25 per thousand, the chances of long life are vastly greater in the country than in the town. WHEN William Sheehy, of Trenton, N. J., presented himself at the church to be married, the other day, the priest informed him that the ceremony could not go on. Objection to the marriage had been made by two women, who claimed to be friends of the bride, on the ground that Sheehy was already married, and said he would have to disprove the statement before he could go on with the ceremony. Sheehy had fot rnerly lived in Philadelphia, and it was stated that his alleged present wife was living there now. The priest who had been his pastor in Philadelphia had since removed to Burlington, N.v J There was nothing left Sheehy to do but go to Burlington, see the priest in question and get a certificate from liim to the effect that he was. a single man. ~The distance to the depot was half a mile, and he had less than five miutes in which to catch the train. If he failed to get back from Burlington l»e- fore noon the marriage would have to t>e postponed for Another day, and he felt that under the circumstances de- fays were dangerous. He reached the «tation in time to o^tch the train just as A. it was pulling out. Meantime there was excitement, anxiety and uncertainty among those at the church. The curi­ osity of everybody was too much aroused for any one tolea/ve until they heard of the result of the mission of the absent Sheehy. Alter waiting about two hours, and just as the people were beginning to despair of his return, the groom expectant, about twenty minutes of 12, was seen coming on a run. He had the desired certificate, and was in time to have the ceremony proceed. By noon himself the bride were one, and the specta'ors were congratulating hi™ on his pluck in overcoming obstacles. MRS CROSBY, who lives in an. old- fashioned mansion, surrounded by fins grounds, near Fort Schuyler, a few miles from New York, on Long Island sound, was awakened the other night by tlie ringing of the door bell and the demand of a man to be let in. She re­ fused, and he went to the side door, where, by breaking a pane of glass, he succeeded in unlocking the door and letting himself in,. She, in the mean­ time, rang a big bell and called John and Tom, the ostler and gard ner, liv­ ing near by in a cottage, "111 John and Tom you 2" said the intruder. Til kill you if you don't stop your noise." He succeeded in re .ching the top of the stairs, where the nurse broke a cane over his head and ran away into the nursery and locked the door. The man began kicking the panels of this door when Mrs. Crosby snapped a gun at him, which did not ^o off. Then she ran by another way into the nursery. Just as the man got his Bhouldera through the door, she clubbed the gun and struck him on the shoulder, break­ ing the stock of the gun short off. As the man arose she caught him by the neck and shoulder and hit him a blow in the right eye with her fist. He seized her by the face, bit thumb in one corner of her mouth and his fingers spread from her right ear down under the jaw. Then he threw her across the foot of a bed. - She wrenched his hand from her face, rolled him off, and, catching him by the collar, shoved him through the door 'and sent him tum­ bling down the stairs. During this struggle Willie, a lad of 7 years, man­ fully helped his mother by kicking, pounding and biting the man and pull­ ing* his hair vigorously, saying, as ke did so: "Oh mamma, he'll kill you! he'll kill you! but I'll help you." When she had sent the man rolling down the stairs she thought of a pair of pistols in a case in the front room. She found the case locked, but. pried it open with a knife. As she got to the head of the stairs with the pistols the man saw her and ran. He reached the conservatory door, near the foot of the stairs, and pulled the door-knob off in an effort to get out. Tii6n he ran up tc tilS stair landing nivrl inmned out where he had come in. After the man had got away from the house the two servants woke up, but could not find him. Our Mixed Population In the brightest days of her prosper­ ity Rome was said to have the most composite population on the face of the globe, and in later times Great Britain has occupied the foremost rank in this respect, but our last census BIIOWS that probably no country ever in the history of the world had so strangely a compos­ ite population as our own. The colored and foreign born are about equal in number, each portion numbering over 6,000,000. These figures are somewhat misleading, as while the children of col­ ored parents are classified as colored, those of foreign-born parents are class­ ified as native white. The full strength of the foreign element can therefore only be ascertained by considering the pa­ rentage of these born in this country. The returns of parentage from the cen­ sus of 1880 have not been published, but assuming the percentage to be the same as in 1870, the whole population of our country, 50,155,783, may be thus divided: American white, 30, 453,546; foreign born, 6,679,954; both parents foreign born, 5,001,139; one parent for­ eign, 1,388,604; colored, 6,632,549. Of the foreign-born population 2,772,169 came from Great Britain and Ireland, and 717,084 from British America, mak­ ing 3,489,253 from the British domin­ ions. The greater portion of these were undoubtedly from the British islands, though not a few were French immigrants who had reached us by this route. Germany has 1,996,742 natives in this country, while the number of Irish nativity is less, being only 1,845,- 574. Sweden ranks next, as the birth­ place of 194,337 inhabitants of the United States; then Norway, 181,729 children in this country; then France with 106.971, and then China with lv>4,- 541. Switzerland ranks next, with 88,- 621; then Bohemia, with 85,361, and then rather curiously, Mexico with 68,- 899. Denmark has contributed 64,196, Holland 58.090, Poland 48.557, Italy 44,230, Austria 38,663, and Russia 35,- 722. Hardly a country can be named but has contributed to our population. Gibraltar has sent us 129, Malta 305, Ja­ pan 401, and 129 have come to us from Greenland. Counting in our colored population, nearly one-half of our peo­ ple helped to bring about this unpre­ cedented mixture of races, a mixture which is a prophecy of our prosperity and greatness as a people. The Anglo- Saxon, however, predominates, and largely, too, making us another and a New England. The white natives and the immigrants from Germanv and Great Britain make up 83 per cent, of our whole population, leaving but 4 per cent, from other countries, and from white races of other types, and 13 per cent, for those of African descent. Probably no other country on the face of the glol>e can show such a diversity, and, at the same time, such ajmbstantial unity of races and descent of popula­ tion.--Boston Traveler. THE explosion of a kerosene lamp at Plymouth, Maine, did not hurt Mrs. Miles much, and the loss of the dress which she wore was of small account; but in a butned pocket was $1,800 in paper monay. , FOUR negro colleges flourish i&At- lanta. AGRICULTURAL. Advantages af Rya. A correspondent of the Farm and Firexlte sows rye among his corn at the rate of a bushel and a half per acre, and reports as follows concerning his success with it as a pasture crop: Two years ago we treated a seventeen-acie field in this way, the sowing not being done until about the middle of August, as the corn was rather 'late. As soon as the corn was ripe enough it was cut and shocked, and then, when dry enough to crib, the husking was commcnced in one corner of the field, the fodder being re­ moved and stacked as fast as husked oir, and the portion of the field thus cleared was inclosed with a port­ able fence. Twenty cows were allowed to graze on this inclosed portion, the hu king and -tacking being continued, aud tfie portable fence being moved further into the field whenever the rye was eaten off. Whenever a rain-storm came the cows were taken off for a day or two to prevent puddling the soil, being kept in a small blue-grass pasture, which had opportunity to grow while they were on the rye. In this way they grazed upon the rye for six weeks, grazing off fifteen of the seventeen acres. As soon as the ground was dry enough in the spring the cows were turned upon the rye again, and for six w«eks more, or until the first week in May, it furnished their pasture ground, producing a grass flow of milk. The field was then plowed or planted again to corn, and yielded a more than average crop, the roots of the rye causing it to plow up loose and friable, and f rnishing, to­ gether with the cow droppings, a fair manuring. From fifteen acres of this field we, therefore, obtained three months' pasturing for twenty cows, or nearly $100, between the two crops of corn, and this, with a benefit of the second which was apparently sufficient to pay the cost of the seed rye. WU »•. Partial Feadlrig* , A correspondent of the Country Gentleman, answering inquiries in re­ gard to feeding cotton-seed meal, re­ lates an experiment in feeding pram: "In 1879 I was selling milk, and during that year I found the folio ring results from feeding grain: Eighty pounds of green fodder or 20 pounds of hay, worth 10 cents, gave 7 quarts of milk worth 28 cents; 60 pounds of green fodder or 15 pounds of hay worth cents and 9 pounds or 9 quarts of mixed corn-meal bran and ootton-seed meal worth 14 cents, total 21f cents, gave 11 quarts of milk worth 44 cents, so that 11| cents of extra feed gave 16 cents' worth of milk. But I got part of the cost of the extra feed back in the greater value of the manure. The rich feeding increased the cream in greater proportion than it increased the milk, tot, while on the fod­ der alone the cream was 15 per oent., on the better feed it was 25 per cent. Since then I have been making butter nnd have found the follpwing results: Fodder on hay worth 10 cents gave three-quarters of a pound of butter wotfth 30 cents; fodder and feed worth 21^ c^nts gave 1+ pounds of butter worth 60 cents. Here 11| cents' worth of extra feed returned 30 cents in but­ ter, and in addition added something to the value of the butter. Increasing the feed to 12 pounds per day gave me no more butter but a little less milk, and the trouble with an at­ tack of garget with one of the cows. Less feed than nine pou ds did not nay as well as full feeding, and from that I have reached this rule, viz.: Full feeding gives more profit than par­ tial fee ling, and by "full feeding" I mean the full ascertained limit of what an animal will consume with profit for the largest product. Some cows will oonsume more and some less to the best advantage, a matter which the owner can with proper attention readily ascer­ tain. Ariwi Ltwhfd and Unleached. The crops most benefited by un- leaclied ashe*, beside grass and all fruit crops, a e potatoes, root crops and In­ dian corn, and to these crops it may be applied in the hill or drill at planting, or dropped by hand near and upon the plants soon after they come up. There is some danger of injury to the seed un- ess the distribution is very even, hence the surface applic ition is* usually pre­ ferred. Ashes work down in the soil. Rains wash down their mo=tt valuable constituents, and on their way they act favorably upon the soil, and oome in contact with the roots of the plants. They should, therefore, always be ap­ plied upon or near the surface of the soil. With leached ashes the case is differ­ ent. The most soluble parts have al­ ready been washed out. They still co tain, however, a notable and very variable quantity of potash, which soon makes its presence known, and, as leached ashes are usually appliel much more liberally than unleached, the re­ sponse of crops is prompt and satisfact­ ory. They may be economically used for the same crops. Upon grass they are spread as a top-dressing as evenlv a* po-sible at the rate of fifty to 100 bushels to the ; cre--less upon light soils thin upon heavy. Unleached ftshe-i are applied to grass and clover in about half the above quantities name­ ly, wentv-five or thirty bushels per acre upon sandy or lifilit, loamy lands, an 'I fifsy bushels or more upon heavier soils.--American Agriculturist. Buying Ponltryjor the Family. An o'd housekeeper sends to the Germantoicn Telegraph, a few sugges­ tions to l>e kept in mind in purchasing poultry for the table: Few housekeepers and fewer cooks are as good judges of the age of poultry as thev ought to be. We all know when poultry comes upon the table whether it is tender or tough; and there should be no difficulty of knowing just as cer­ tainly whether a chicken, duck, goose or turkey is old or young when it is offered for sale. Now, the following is offered as a rule by which poultry can be safely judged, which, if read over a few times and then laid away for ready reference when needed, no person need purchase old and tough poultry unless from choice. If a hen's spur is hard and the scales on the legs rough she is old, whether you see her head or not, but the head will corroborate your observation. If the under bill is so stiff that you can not bend it down, and the comb thick and rough, leave her, no matter how fat and plump, for some one less particular. A young hen has only the rud ments of spurs; the scales on the legs are smooth, glossy and flesh-colored, whatever the color may be; the daws tender and short, the nails sharp, the under bill soft, and the comb thin and smooth. An old hen turkey has rough scales on the le:*8, callosities on the soles of tiie feet, and long, strong claws; a young one has the reverse of all these marks. When the feathers are on and the old turkey cock has a long tuft or beard, a young one has but a sprouting one; and when they are off the smooth settles on tl.e legs decide^fce point, be­ side the difference in aijit of the wat­ tles of the neck and m the elastic shoot upon the nose. | An old goose when alflrAis known by the rough legs, the swjfeih of the wings, particularly at thfe pinions, the thickness and strength of the bill, and the tiueness of the feathers; and, when plucked, by the legs, the tenderness of the skin under the wings, by the pin­ ions and the bill, and the coarseness of the skin. Ducks are distinguished by the same means, but there is this difference-- that a duckling's bill is much longer in proportion to the breadth of its head than the old duck. A younor pigeon is discovered by its pale colors, smooth scales, tender, collapsed feet, and the ye low down interspersed among its feathers. A pigeon that can fly has al­ ways red-colo -ed legs amLpo down and is then too old for use, COOKING RL To COOK ham let it simmer in water to which has been added a large cupful of coarse brown sugar and a pint pf aherry. EXCELLENT beef pudding is made by mixing a pint of cooked sugar l>eets chopped fine with four eggs, a quart of milk, a little salt and pepper, and a teaspoouful of butter. Bake for half 'an hour. To MAKE nice celery soq£ boil a small cup of rice in three pintafbf milk, and strain it through a sieve, Aad then add three heads of celery gm< d fine, and a quart of strong veal*stock; let it boil until the celery is tender, and season •with salt and cayenne pepper. FOB drop cakes use one cup of sweet milk, one-half cup of sugar, one egg, at, small piece of butter, onO tetspoonfuli of soda, one and a half teaspoonfuls otj cream tarter, a pinch of salt, and flour enough to make as stiff as soft cake; allow one small poonful to each c&ke, and fry in hot lara. COLD roast beef is very nice broiled. Cut it into slice? about a quarter of an inch thick and have it as rare as ]>ossi- ble; sprinkle with pepper and salt and put it on the gridiron and let it heat imes in the nd serve butter, gruel may Take a »<nd, after ater, add a over this a together -quar- they are t separ- eggs, quickly; turn it over foi same number of mini when hot on a dish with NOURISHING and appei be- made of Indian nil table-spoonful of silted rubbing it smooth in colli teaspoonful of salt and poi pint of boiling water, stirtfng the meal constantly while adding th<* water, so that it will not be lumpy.» Let it boil slowly for half an hour, and then a table-spoonlul of cream maybe added. FOB almond sponge cake, which is delicate and nice, take half It pound of sugar and five eggs; afterdating the yelks add the sugar graduHy, and the whites, beaten to a stiff froth; then silt in flour enough to make a moderately stiff batter and flavor with almond ex­ tract. Butter a paper wW and line a tin and scatter over the bottom blanched almonds, and pour over them the bat­ ter until the tin is about fqJL then bake in a slow oven for half FOB a delicious cake, half a pound of butter ters of a pound of sugar both white and light; thi ately the whites and yelks ana stir ike yelks aud glass of brandy in witli sugar and Mi the wh* half a grated nutmeg, a pound and a half of flour, about a pound of seeded and chopped raisins, and half a pint of cream. Bake in tins lined with paper on the sides and bottom. FRAGMENTS.--It pays to "gather up the fragments." In the culinary de­ partment the inventive housekeeper finds almost innumerable wavs of form­ ing palatable and attractive dishes from very unpromising material, often of "odds and ends" that iD themselves, separately, perhaps, amount to but lit­ tle, but, as the carpenter said to his employer in regard to the missing nails, "You will find them in the bill,T and, taken as a whole, they may at the end of the year amount to quite a sum. Sometimes when there is only a cupful or so of boiled rice left cold, a nice lit­ tle pudding may be may made by beat­ ing with it an egg, a spoonful or two of sugar; add a pint of sweet milk, fla­ vor slightly with lemon, nutmeg or cin­ namon, as preferred. Bake. If rice balls are preferred, I take a cupful, more or le-s, of boiled rice, an egg or two, as much stale bread crumbed fine as there is of rice, and a few mashed potatoes may also be added, if one has them. Season with salt and pepper, mix all well together, adding sweet cream or milk if necessary to moisten as for fish balls, form into balls, flatten and roll them in flour, fry them in a little butter; when brown and crisp on both sides, lay them on paper on a warm plate, and serve soon, slipping the paper from under them, as they are taken to table. In the absence of pars­ ley, water-cress and pepper-grass are nice for garnishing; if looks only be the object, carrot, caraway and yarrow leaves are pretty. Sweeping. fti sweeping, do not scrub your i>r©#ni into your carpet as if you were sawing a pine board, but sweep lightly and gent­ ly, and you will get the dust together just as well, save making dust, beside saving a great deal in the wear of the carpets. Many housekeepers wonder why their carpets do not last as well as their ne ghbor's, which were put down at about the same time, or why this car­ pet does not wear as well as a previous one of the same kind, and the weaver gets the blame, when nine times out of ten it is the sweeper who is to blame. We dt n't care how smart our help is in oth­ er ways, if she digs her broom into the carpet in that pitching, scrubbing way which so many do, we begin to feel nervous, and wish the "help" was some- wl^sre el^se, for we know how soon the carpet will begin to show it. Nothing in the world sooner spoils good pict­ ures, etc., than dust. It gets into the cracks and corners, where it can foot be be got out, so that we think it b«t to always dampen the broom before sweep­ ing. Some people wear out the broom all on one side. Nothing is more sug­ gestive of carelessness than this. When sweeping, hold the broom nearly straight up and down, and brush rather than sweep, being careful to keep the longest side next the carpet. A broom kept straight will last three times as long as one allowed to wear out all on one side.--Housekeeper. Miss LILLIPHACK says she uses pow­ der merely to take the shine off her face, but her little brother says she uses it to take the shine off other girl's faces. CURIOUS AND SCIENTIFIC. WATCHES made as early as 1700 were so delicately constructed by hand and so small as to easily fit on the top of a lead pencil. J A MOSQUITO has concealed in its bill six complete surgical instruments, each so minute as to be so indiscernible to the naked eye. GLUE, when mixed with one-fourth part glycerine, is found to have an elas­ ticity and pliability which prevents its cl acking when dry. A German chem­ ist in Nuremberg lias called attention to'this. HIGH French authorities have found by experiments on animals that while small doses of arsenic seemed to do good at first, they resulted ultimately in poverty of blood, and that a post mortem disclosed in the liver, lungs and kidneys the characteristics of fatty de­ generation. A PATENT has been taken out in Ger­ many for an engine, the piston of which Is driven backward' and forward by Ismail charges of gunpowder supplied iat each end by an automatic arrange­ ment. The ignition is effected by the motion of the piston, which draws in a flame of gas or spirit, the access being regulated by side valves, which also open outlets for the escape of the gases of combustion. THERE are some curious things about corn, and one is, where do the red ears and the speckled ears come from, when you don't plant any but white corn, and another is, why don't we find an ear with an odd number on it? You can find a four-leaf clover, but I have never found the odd row on an ear of corn yet It is always 14 or 16 or 20 or some other even number, and it would be in­ teresting to understand what corn knows about Mathematics and irhat ob­ jection nature has to odd numbers. GEOLOGICAL examination of the delta of the Mississippi now shows that for a distance of about 300 miles there are buried forests of large trees, one over the other, with interspaces of sand. Ten distinct forest growths of this descrip­ tion have been observed, which it is be­ lieved must have succeeded each other. Of these trees, known as the bald cy­ press, some have been found over twen­ ty-five feet in diameter, and one con­ tained 5,700 rings; in some instances, too, huge trees have grown over the stumps of others equally large. From these facts geologists have assumed the antiquity of each forest growth at 10,- 000 years, or 100,000 for all. DURING his recent researches Dr. Brown-Sequard has proved the possi­ bility of introducing a tube into the lar- nyx of the higher animals without caus­ ing any pain or any subsequent bad re­ sult, although the experiment was per­ formed repeatedly, in at least one case, on a single subject. The local insensi­ bility to pain was caused by directing a rapid current of carbonic acid uj>on the upper part of the larnyx through an in­ cision, for from fifteen seconds to two or three minutes. After the operation was completed the anaesthetic effect lasted from two to eight minutes. THE use of white lead in paint intend­ ed for interior surfaces, has long been known to involve injurious effects in dwellings. The only substitute for this material until lately, has been zinc ox­ ide. Among the recent inventions in England is an article for which is claimed freedom from all the objections which have been urged against oxide of zinc paint. The natural sulphide of zinc--blend--is commonly raiiier iruua- lucent, and various in color from a din­ gy white to stone color, shading off to a reddish brown, sometimes appearing opaque, with yellow, green or black tinges. The excellence of the chemi­ cally pure white sulphide, however, in­ duced a lengthened series of experi­ ments to accomplish artificially, the chemical process of making zinc sul­ phide of the purest white, and with the most satisfactory results. Investiga­ tions of this zinc sulphide--or rather oxy-sulphide--show that it has a highly preservative sctioa in preserving wood, etc., from decay, and it unites with the fibres with which it comes in contact, forming permanent bodies with them. The peculiarly small affinity which zino has for combining with carbonic acid prevents, to a great extent, the forma­ tion of carbonates, and also arrests the sponification of the oil long before ady such reaction with carbonate of lead can take place. " Goobers. The little ant which burrows in the ground and takes care of itself may be called pindar, or peanut, or ground-pea, or goober, or anything else that the fancy of its friends may choose to in­ vent, but its importance is not thereby affected. During the war, when a regi­ ment of Georgia troops marching through Virginia broke into a clover- field and tore it up by the roots in search of the esculent nut, they won for themselves the name of "goober-grab- blers," and it is a name which still sticks to the people of the Empire State of the Sunuv South. We are still called goober-grabblers by the outside world. But do we deserve the title ? It is to be feared not. Indeed, according to some statistics that have recently been pub­ lished, Georgia is not quoted as a goob­ er-raising or goober-grabbling State. Virginia produced last year not less than 2,000,000 bushels. Tennessee 500,- 000, and North Carolinia 125,000. Not a pound of goobers is made into oil in this country, though during the war this business reached large propor­ tions in the South. Cotton oil seed, however, has driven the peanut oil out of the market in this country, and has nearly succeeded in driving it out in France. The African nut, which is used in France, is grown in Georgia. The North Carolina goober was once consid­ ered the best in the market, but it has been driven out by the Virginia va­ riety. The African goobier is small and meaty, the Spanish small and fine, and the Virginia large and well-flavored. We have no doubt the Georgian variety would be the best of all, but this cannot be known until our farmers raise some for export. The crop is worth $3,000,- 000, and nearly or quite all of it passes through the hands of the venders on the street corners and the small shops. The crop is not prepared for market by the farmers. It is bought and prepared in factories, being divided into grades and brands. In Virginia forty bushels are raised to the acre, in Tennessee sixty and seventy. The demand is constantly increasing. Atlanta Constitution. Underneath the Ocean. About sixty miles outside of Nan­ tucket is a streak of very cold water, and animals dredged up are like those caught in the waters of Greenland, Spitzbergen or Siberia. The water is fifty fathoms deep, and the bed of the ocean is of clay. Bowlders weighing 800 or 1,000 pounds are dragged up. Prof. Verrill believes that they are brought down by icebergs from t e Arct c regions and dropped w hen the ice melts. The bowlders are found as far south as Lorg island. Further out t» sea, seventy to 120 miles south from the southeastern coast of New England, the bottom of the sea, which has i c ined very gradually eastward, forming a table land, takes a sudden dip down­ ward, so that whereas the water on the edge of the bluff is 100 fathoms deep, at the bottom of the basin it is 1 000 fathoms deep. The slope is as high and as steep Mount Washington, and on its summit, which is level, a diver could he go so low a depth, con d not put out his hand without touching a living creature. . Studies in the 8eatk. f tW6 out on horseback, over Hie mountains from Huntsville, Alabama, a dozen miles or more to see a cotton mill. At one point I saw, near the road, a negro digging a post-^ole, while two tall white men directed his opera­ tions. I had been told that the negro required super vis' ">n, and had thought something might be said in favor of the theory, but this seemed to be a some­ what extreme application of it. A little farther on a young negro, perhaps 20 years old, crossed the road just in ad­ vance of me, with l>ooks and slate under his arm, evidently on his way to school. I called to him, and asked him two or three question designed to educe what­ ever knowledge he might possess On points of interest to me. He answered briefly, and then added: ' But I hain't got much time fer to stan'." I was as­ tounded, and could scarcely believe that I had heard aright. Everybody that I had seen in the South before had seemed to have unlimited time "fer to stan'," and this fellow's utterance had an explosive and revolutionary sound. If I should hear of anything noticeable being done in that region I should sus­ pect this boy of having a hand,in it. As I rode away, and looked at his ener­ getic movement across the fields, it oc­ curred to me that if I should over write a book about the destiny of the colored race in this country I should like to dedi­ cate it to the negro who "hain't got much time fer to stan'." In various parts of the South I found a few negroes who own and cultivate large farms, employing many laborers of their own race. Men of this class are rarelv hopeful about their people; they saythey "know too much about them to expect any great things." They always employ an overseer, paying him more than the other hands receive. The ne­ groes "will do no good," all such men say, without somebodv to eversee them and keep them at work. The overseer is responsible for the amount and char­ acter of the work accomplished, and if there is any failure, something is de­ ducted from his pay. The employer v. either furnishes all supplies for the maintenance of his hands during the season, keeping an account and charg­ ing them with whatever they obtain (or "take up," as the phrase is), or he au­ thorizes a merchant in the town to sup­ ply them, becoming responsible to the extent of the wages of his men. Then, as I learned everywhere, the laborers try to obtain credit for "all that is com­ ing to them," and a little more. I look­ ed at many of the account books kept by these 'farmers, the records of their dealings with their workmen. Many of the charges were for things which were absurd and extravagant for the negroes to buy--costly articles of dress for the women and luxuries for the table. I often asked such employers why they did not give their hands some advice about economy, and the use of their judgment regarding the selection of things most necessary and useful for them when expending their money; but they always said it would do no good "Humph! Dey hain't got no judg ments." I was in a country store one morning, when a negro woman came in and asked for a dollar's worth of sugar. The merchant dipped out brown sugar, but the woman wanted white. The man remonstrated with her for her extrava­ gance, saying that he could not himself afford to use such things as she bought. She was greatly offended, and retorted that such things might "do full free niggahs an' low-down white folks. I lows my money jes' as good's Cunnel Galishom's money." The merchant re­ marked that she would probably never CO' ne to his store again. The negro farmers said that their hands nearly always "tuck up" their wages faster than they earned them, and they often added such observations as these: "A nigger will buy anything. You could sell any man on my place a steamboat, or an elephant, or a circus band wagon--any thing in the world-- if he had the money." One man, who had a family, and working for ten dol­ lars per month, "took up" three dollars and eighty cents in a month for whisky. Such extravagance and lack of judg­ ment as to what a laborer's family needs or can afford to buy are very general among the negro laborers.--- Atlantic Monthly. The First Ponetlc Humorist. "K. N. Pepper," "Artemus Ward" and "Josh Billings" have convulsed the land by their droll manipulation, or mutilation of the language, their na­ tive drollery.enchanced by the medium employed through which to express it, until almost all have forgotten the or­ iginator and superior ot them all, "Job Sass" of Walpole, whose quaint and witty satires upon the times made the public merry, and some of the stricken ones very angry, forty years ago. I have just h id presented to me a fine picture of the late Mr. Foxcroft---the face of whom is more familiar to my memorv than his Christian name--who originated, and fer years personated, the character of "Job Sass" in the col­ umns of the Boston Herald. He was a person oi much natural abili'y and ex- ellent culture, a keen observer, and brimming with humor of a satir cal turn, having much to say about "men and things," as the Herald does to-day, and chose this form for oddity and as an incognito. Deacon Fratingate, ostens- bly of Walpole, but here, there, and everywhere, was the target set up for the author's satire, and many of the communitv found themselves wounded through the ubiquitous deaoon.--Bos­ ton letter^ CAN we not take example by the United States? 'lhat country wisely never interferes except when its o^'n interests are directiv menaced. And what is the result ? It does not squan­ der money on a huge army, its 3 per ccnt. sto"k is qu oteda higUer p'ice than our consols, its artisans are laying by mouey, its agricultural population acquires homestead * and h* great re­ public is pros ering l*eyond all other countries.*--Lon Truth. THE rope wi h which a Kans-v* mur­ derer was hanged was woven into l>ook- marks and given to the <5onvicting jury as keepsakes. <> HOUSEHOLD ART. vV-1;? SCBJKKHB --Very inexpensive «4n be made at home by covering ordinary clothes horse or common wooden frame with dark felt or plush, upon which the Chinese crape picture* can be mounted. If the cloth is fasten* ed within the margin of the work the latter can be ebonized and a nice finish given to the screen by a beading of chenille where the cloth is nailed on. Ruos.--To make a rug gather up aR of your old woolen stockings, and oat them in strips about an inch wide, lengthwise. Then Itegin at one end and ravel to within four stitches of the edge. Take a piece of old carpet, cut - the shape and sew the fringe around - the edge, then another row so the edge of the fringe covers the four unraveled stitches, and so on until you have reach­ ed the centre. You can either sew sev­ eral rows of the colors so as to mnke it striped, or you can se<v them on hit or. miss. Next time I will tell you how to; make another a little more difficnlt' to learn. TOILET STAHD.--To make a pretty; and inexpensive toilet-stand, take an old four-legged stand, or dry goods box* and cut a piece of cambric, pink or blue,' to fit the top. Draw this over it firmly and tack around the edge, then cut a piece of the cambric long enough to go around three sides of the stand and wide; enough to reach from the top to the bottom; draw around plain aud fasten. Cut a piece of cheese cloth twice the length of the cambric and the samo width allow an inch-and-a-half for a hem. Full the edge opposite the hens and tuck under the edge of the stand. Finish the edge and just above the hem with a notched l>ox plaiting about two inches wide of the cambric covered with the cheese cloth and nail in place with bright headed tacks. ODDS AND ENDS.--Neat window mH tains are made of unbleached domestic* bound with strips of cretonne fonx inches wide. Cut lambrequin of cre­ tonne, bind with common dress binding braid, color to match the cretonne, add tassels made of many colors of double crewel. To make picture frames of dark brtmfa wrapping paper, cut some pieces aa inch square, fold bias, then one-half intf this will form a point. Then fold some in small plaits like a fan, tack secure al one end. Cut the frame of cardl>oard any shape desired; 'dval are prettiest. Sew the points having them to toueh on the out and inside of frame; then oommence at the top of frame and sew on the fans having each one to overlap the other to hide the sewing. Variiis|i with dark thick varnish. Acorns or pinb burrs may be added with good effect. At a distance you could not tell theM f r a m e s f r o m w o o d . ; t l j A pretty cheap lambrequin for man­ tel or brackets is made of common bed ticking. Work cat stitch with red cfrewdl between the blue stripes. Cut in deep points, bind with red braid dress bind­ ing and add red crewel tassels to each point. ,• To make a wall splasher* cut a pieoe of white oil cloth the shape of the top of an envelope. Work in shell stitch, crochet with crewel all around. Add two pockets, one on each side for tooth and nail brush. Red oil calico quilted with red thread in large diamond shapes makes a baip- tiful bed covering for winter. n Concerning the Feet. A well-known surgeon who has made a specialty of diseases of the leg 'fcbd foot lately asserted that most of these diseases had their beginning in the in­ jury to the nerves and muscles done by high-heeled shoes. By the compression and false position into which the foot and ankle are thrown, some of the muscles are ten­ dered totally useless, while a strain is put upon others which they are unable to bear; the toes are displaced, corns, bunions and scaly soles are produced. The nerves are bruised and actual dis­ ease follows. " This cruel distortion begins usually when a child is about two years old, and its fond mother thinks it tune to "shape its feet," which is done by a pretty pair of stiff-laced heeled boots or shoes. , An orthopedic surgeon in New Ybrk published, not long since, a statement that the number of splayed feet is the country was increasing rapidly. f*A splayed foot is one in which the arol^ of the instep is permanently broken dow$;w the foot is flat, ungainly and weak. The cause he atiributes in the main to high-heeled shoes; the French shoes in which the heel is placed a little for­ ward, being less injurious than that made by American shoemakers, in which it is placed at the back, and thus the strain is made greater. . . The whole weight of the body inmwh eases falls on the small bones of the centre of the foot, which stretch like the span of a bridge from the pier* of the toes at one end to the peaked heel at the other. „ Other causes of splayed feet are the habit among little girls of excessive jumping the rope, and a like immoder­ ate use of roller skates. Moderato ase of either is wholesome exercise; hot it should be moderate. The girls are not alone onlpablaJoa this medical indictment of vanity. With­ in the last year or two it has been die fashion among boys and very young men to wear shoes that run to a pointaud turn up in front slightly. - f The whole of the five toes sraAt­ tracted to the width of an inch. The shape of the foot is at once distorted" to deformity, and the walk, which to be manly should be firm and free. becoAes uneasy and mincing. Imagine the giteat athletes in the Greek arenas tip-toing in these pointed shoes. . ; u One could laugh at the foolish, boys if we did not know the stores of suffer­ ing which they are laying up for The future, in swollen bunions and eulaffeed joints. One sex has its share of vanity as well as the other. And the punish­ ment of a passing folly in this is sure andi^^-- Youth's Conwat^f^ jScoaoinj b Wealth. ̂ A Venerable lady in green glasses, a calico dress and alpine sunbunnet, en­ tered the art gallery of a Norwich (Conn.) dentist. She carried a carpet­ bag, and took sunff. Setting the ®wg at the feet of the dentist, she opened it, fumbled around in its capacious month, and drew out a set of worn but still serviceable false teeth. . "There," she said " what'l 1 ve gimme for tlsese things ? They belonged to my sister, but as she's dead she won't have any further w lur 'em. ley are good yet fur sgffgrd haml. an' I reckon I kin get 'bout half price fur em." "Do NOT waste life in doubts and fears; spend vourself on th* work lie- fore you, well assured that the right l»erformanee of this hour's duties will ® l>e the best preparation for the hows of the agei that follow." . ^ «