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•ilt- ~ el . •avigable water* in such maimer an to obstruct ! •ion oi some creeks the delegates signed a oon- ' Bavlgation, with provliioni far preventing the i ventiou amendatory of the preson! Postal Union JJJBM. It Mem* that under exieting statutes Convention iu some particulars designed to a4- tbe Government cannot intervene to prevent ; vance its imroos.s,. This additional act has had •Wh a conatrnotion when entered upon without i my approval, ahd will he laid before you with Mi oonaent, though when such consent is asked j the departmental reporta. and granted upon condition, the authority to I approve the recoiiiumndation of the Post- tolilt upon Bach condition is clear. ! master General that another assistant be pro- Thm it is repreaented that, while the officers ot j vided for his department. I invite your conaid- the Government are, with great care, guarding: ! eration to the several other recommendations against the obstruction of navigation by a I contained in his rej>ort. C bridge across the Mississippi River at Ht. Paul, | DEPAUTMI.NT OF JTJSTICK. a large pier for a bridge has been built just i The report of the Attorney General contains a below this place, directly in the navigable chan- i history of the conduct of the department of Del of the river. If such things are to be per- | Justice during the last year, and a number of Bitted, a strong argument is presented against i valuable suggestions as to needed legislation, the appropriation ot large sums of money to Improve the navigation of this and other im­ portant highways of commerce. NAVAL AFFAIRS. The report of the Secretary of the Navy gives * history of the operations of his departments and the present condition of the work com­ mitted to his charge. He details in full the oonrse pursued by him to protect the rights of the Government in respect of certain vessels unfinished at the time of his accession to office, and also concerning the dispatch boat Dolphin, claimed to be completed and awaiting the ac­ ceptance of the department. Ko one can fail to see, from the recital con­ tained in this report, that only the application 01 business principles has been insisted upon in Che treatment of these subjects, and that what­ ever controversy has arisen was caused by the ex­ action on the part of the department of the con­ tract obligations as they were legally construed. In the case of the Dolphin, with entire justness to the contractor, an agreement has been entered into\providmg for the ascertainment by a judicial inquiry of the complete or partial com­ pliance with the contract in her construction, and further providing for the assessment of any damages to which the Government may be en­ titled on account of a partial failure to perform auch contract, or the payment of the sum still remaining unpaid upon her price in case a full performance is adjudged. The contractor by reason of his failure in business, being unable to complete the other three vessels, they were Jtaken possession of by'the Government in their unfinished state, under a clause in the contract permitting such a course, and are now in pro­ cess of completion in the yard of the contractor, but under the supervision of the Navy Depart­ ment. Congress in its last session authorized the construction of two additional new cruisers ana two gunboats, at a cost not exceeding in the aggregate §2,995,000. The appropriation for this purpose having become available on the 1st day of July last, steps were at once taken for the procurement of uuch plans for the construction of these vessels as would be likely to ensure their usefulness when completed. These are of the utmost importance, considering the constant advance in the art of build­ ing vessels ,r of this character, and the time is not lost which is spent in their careful consideration and selection. All must admit the importance of an effective navy to a nation like ours, having such an ex­ tended sea coast to protect. Yet we have not a single vessel of war that could keep the seas against a first-class vessel of any important power. Such a condition ought not longer to continue, The unties that can not resist aggres­ sion is constantly exposed to it. Its foreign pol­ icy is of necessity weak, and its negotiations are conducted with disadvantage because it is not in a condition to enforce the terms dictated by its sense of right and justice. Inspired as I am by the hope, shared by all patriotic citizens, that the day is not far distant when our navy will be such as befits our standing among the nations of tho earth, and rejoiced at every step that leads in the direction Ot such a consummation, I deem it my duty to especially direct the attention of Congress to the close of the report of the Secretary ?;; the Navy in which the humiliating features" of the Keaent organization of this department is ex-bited, and the startling abusen and the waste of its present methods are exposed. The con­ viction is forced upon us, with the certainty of mathematical demonstration, that before we proceed further in the restoration of a navy, we need a thoroughly reorganized Navy Depart­ ment. The fact that within seventeen years more than 875,000.000 has been spent in construction, repair, equipment, and armament of vessels, .and the further fact that, instead of ail effective and creditable fleet, we have only the discontent and apprehension of a nation undefended by war vessels, added to the disclosures now mode, do not permit us to doubt that every attempt to revive Our navy has thus far, for the most part, been misdirected, and all our efforts in that direction have been little better than blind gropings, and expensive, aimless follies. Unquestionably if we are content with the maintenance of a navy department simply as an ornament to the Government, a constant watch­ fulness may prevent some of the scandal and abuse which have found their way into our pres­ ent organization, and its incurable waste may be reduced to tho minimum. But if we desire to build ships for present usefulness instead of naval reminders of the days that are past, we must have a department organized for the work, supplied with all the latest and best ingenuity our country affords and prepared to take advantage of the experience of other nations, systematized sotliatn'l oiTorxs shall unite and lead in ono direction; and fully imbued with the conviction that war vessels now are useless un­ less they combine all that the ingenuity of man has up to this day brought forth relating to their construction, I earnestly commend the portion of the Secretary's report devoted to this subject to the action of Congress, in the hope that the suggestions touching the reorganization of his department may be adopted as the first Step toward the reconstruction of our navy, THE POSTAL SERVICE. The affairs of the postal service are exhibited by the report of the Postmaster General, which •will be laid before you. Tho postal revenue, Whose rates of gain upon the rising prosperity of 1882 and 1883 outstripped the increasing ex­ pense of our growing service, was checked by the reduction In the rate of letter postage, which took effect with the beginning of October in the latter year, and it diminished during the two fiscal years S2,7;W,00), in the pro­ portion of 82,'27o,000 in 1884 to 8520,000 in 1885. Natural growth and development have, in the meantime, increased expenditure, resulting in a deficiency in the revenue to the expenses of the department of $5,250,000 for the year 1884, and 98,333,333.33?$ in the last fiscal year. The an­ ticipated and natural revival of the revenue has been oppressed an<f retarded by the unfavorable business condition of the country, at which the j>ostal service is a faithful indi- oator. The gratifving fact is shown, however, by the report, that our returning prosperity is marked by a gain of $380,000 in the revenue of the latter half of the last year over the corresponding period of the preceding year. The change in the rate of first-class matter which may be carried fer a single rate of post­ age from a half-ounce to an ounce, and the re­ duction by one-half of the rate of newspaper postage, which, under recent legislation, begun With the current year, will operate to restrain Jb? augmentation of receipts which otherwise might have been expected to such a degree that the scale of expense may gain upon tho revenue and cause an increased deficiency to be shown at its close ; yet after no long period of re wak­ ened prosperity, by proper economy, it is confi­ dently anticipated that even the present low tales, now as favorable as any country affords, will be adequate to sustain tho cost of the service. The operation of the Postoffice Department is u for the convenience and benefit of the people, and the method by which they pay the charges of this useful arm of the public service, so that it be just and impartial, is of less importance to them than the economical expenditure of tho means they provide for its maintenance, and the due improvement of its agencies, so that they may enjoy its highest usefulness. A proper at­ tention has been directed to the prevention of waste or extravagance, and good results appear from the reports to have already been accom­ plished- DOMESTIC MONEY ORDEIIS. I approve the recommendation of the Post­ master General to reduce the charges on domes­ tic money orders of $5 and less from 8 to 5 cents. This change will materially aid those of our people who, most Of all, avail themselves of this instrumentality, but to whom the element of cheapness is oi" the greatest importance. With this reduction the system would still remain self-supporting. THK FltEE-DELIVERY SYSTEM has been extended to nineteen additional cities during tho year, and 1Tb now enjoy its conveniences. Experience has commended it to those who enjoy its benefits, and further enlargement of its facilities is due to other communities to which it" is adapted. In the cities where it has been established, taken together, the local postage exceeds its maintenance by nearly 31,3u0,0U0. The limit to which this system is now confined by law has been nearly reached, and the reasons given justify the extension which is proposed. KOKKIGX-MAIL. SERVICE. ^It was decided, with my approbation, after a sufficient examination, to be inexpedient for the Postothce Department to contract tor carrying our foreign mails under the addi­ tional authority given by the last Congress. The amount limited was inadequate to pay all Within tho purview of the law the full rate of 50 cents per mile, and it would have been unjust an l unwise to have given it some and denied it it to others. Nor could contracts have been let under the law to .all at a rato to have brought the aggregate within the appropriation without such practical pre-arrangemcnt of terms as Would have violated it. Tin- rate of sea and in­ land postage which was proffered under another statute clearly appears to be a fair compensa­ tion for tho desired service, being three times the price necessary to secure transportation by other vessels upon any route, and much beyond the charges made to private persons for services not less ourdensome. Some of the steamship companies, upon the mfusal of the Postmaster General to attempt, by the means provided, the distribution of the sum appropriated, withdrew the services of and I invite your careful attention to the same. The condition of business in the courts of the United States is such that there seems to bo an imperative necessity for remedial legislation on the subject. Some of these courts are so overburdened with pending causes that the delays on determining litigation amount often to a denial of justice. Among the plans suggested for relief is one sub­ mitted by the Attorney General. Its main features are the transfer of all the original jnr!s« diction of the Circuit Courts to the District Courts, and an increase of Judges for tho , latter j where necessary; an addition of Judges to the Circuit Courts and constituting the exclusive courts of appeal and reason­ ably limitinc: appeals thereto; further restrictions of the right to remove causes from the State to Federal Courts, permitting appeals to the Supreme Court from the courts of the District of Columbia and tho Territories only in the same cases as they are allowed from State Courts, and guarding against an unneces­ sary number of appeals from the Circuit Courts. I approve the plan thus outlined, and recom­ mend the legislation necessary for its applica­ tion to our judicial system. Tho present mode of compensating United States Marshuls and District Attorneys should, in my opinion, be changed. They are allowed to charge against the Government certain fees for service, their incomes being measured by the amount of such fees within a fixed limit to their annual aggregate. This is a direct inducement for them to make their fees in criminal cases as large as possible in an effort to reach the maximum sum permitted. As an entirely natural consequence unscrupulous Marshals ore found encouraging frivolous prosecu­ tions. arresting people on petty charges of crime and transporting them to distant places for exanination and trial, for the purpose of earning mileage and other fees, and District Attorneys uselessly attend criminal examinations far from their places of residence for the express purpose of swelling their ac­ counts against the Government. The actual ex­ penses incurred in these transactions are always charged against the Government. Thus the rights and freedom of our citizens are outraged, and public expenditures increased for the pur- jx>se of furnishing public officers pretexts for in­ creasing the measure of their compensation. I think Marshals and District Attornevs should be paid salaries adjusted by a rule which will make them commensurate with services fairly ren­ dered. PCNISHINO MISDEMEANORS. • In connection with the subject, I desire to sug­ gest the advisibility, if it be found not obnox­ ious to constitutional objection, of investing United States Commissioners with the power to try and determine certain violations of law within the grade of misdemeanors. Such trials might be made to depend upon the option of the accused. The multiplication of small and tech­ nical offenses, especially under the provisions of our Internal ltevenuo law, renders some change in our present system very desirable, in the interests of humanity as well as economy. The District Courts are now crowded with petty prosecutions, involving a punishment, in case of conviction, of only a slight fine, while the parties accused are'harassed by an en­ forced attendance upon tho courts held hun­ dreds of miles from their homes. If poor and friendless, they are obliged to remain in jail, and months, perhaps, elapse before a session of the court is held, and are finally brought to trial surrounded by strangers, and with but little opportunity for defense. In the meantime frequently the Marshal has charged against the Government his fees for an arrest, the trans)>ortation of the accused and the expense of the same; and for summoning wit­ nesses before a Commissioner, a Grand Jury and-a court, the witnesses have been paid from the public funds large fees and traveling ex­ penses, and the Commissioner and District At­ torney have also made their charges against the Government. This abuse in the administration of our criminal law should be remedied, and if the plan above suggested is not practicable, some other should be devised. INTERNAL AFFAIRS. The report of the Secretary of the Interior;- containing an account of the operation of this important department and much interesting in­ formation, will be submitted for your considera­ tion. The most intricate and difficult subject in charge of this department is tho treatment and management of THE INDIANS. I am satisfied that some progress may be noted in their condition as a result of a prudent administration of the present laws and regulations for their control; but it is sub­ mitted that there is lack of a fixed purpose of policy on this subject which should be supplied. It is useless to dilate upon the wrongs of the In­ dians, and as usoless to indulge in the heartless belief that because their wrongs aro revenged in their own atrocious manner, therefore they should be exterminated. They are within the care of our Government, and their rights are, or should be protected from invasion by the most solemn obligations. They are properly enough called the wards of the Government, and it should be borne in mind that this guardianship involves on our part e¥- fortn for the improvement of their condition and the enforcement of their rights. There seems to bo general concurrence in the proposition that the ultimate object of their treatment should be their civilization and citi­ zenship. Pitted by these to keep pace in the march of progress with the advanced civiliza­ tion about them, they will readily assimilate with the mass of our population, assuming the responsibilities and receiving the protection in­ cident to this condition. The difficulty appears to be in the selection of the means to be at pres­ ent # employed toward the attainment of this re­ sult*. Our Indian population, exclusive of those in Alaska, is reported as numbering v* 10,000, nearly all being located on lands set apart for their use and occupation, aggregating over 131,000,000 of acres. These lands are included in boundaries of seventeen reservations of different dimensions, scattered in twenty-one States and Territories, presenting great variations in climate ajid in tho kind and quality of their soils. Among Indians upon these several reservations there exists the most marked differences in natural traits and* disposition, and in their progress toward civilization. While some are lazy, vicious, and stupid, others are industrious, peaceful and intelligent. While a portion of them are self-supporting and in­ dependent and have so far advanced in civiliza­ tion that they make their own laws, administer­ ed through officers of their own choice, and educate their children in schools of their own establishment and maintenance, others still remain in squalor and dependance almost in the Bavagerv of their natural state. In dealing with this question the desires mani­ fested by the Indians should not be ignored. Here again we find a great diversity. With some the tribal relation is cherished with the ut­ most tenacity, while its hold upon others is con­ siderably relaxed. The love of home is strong with all, and yet there are those whose attach­ ment to a particular locality is by no means un­ yielding. The ownership of these lands in sev­ eralty is much desired by some, while by others and sometimes again the most civilized, such a distribution would be bitterly op]K>Bod. The variation of their wants growing out of and connected with the character of their several lo­ cations should bo regarded. Some aro upon reservations most fit for grazing, but without flocks or herds, and some on arable land have no Hgricultural implements, while some of the reservations are double the size necessary to maintain the number of Indians now upon them. In a few cases, perhaps, they should be en­ larged. Add to all this the difference in the ad­ ministration of the agencioH, while the same duties are devolved upon all, the disposition of the agents ami the maimer of their contact with the Indians have much to do with their con­ dition and welfare. The agent who. porfunctionarily performs his duty ar.d slothfully neglects all opportunity to advance their moral and physical improvement, and fails to inspire tliem with a desire for better things, will accomplish nothing in the direction of their civilization, while he who feels the bur- deu of an iin]K>rtant trust and has an interest in his work will, t.y consistent examples, firm, yet considerate treatment, aud well-directed aid and encouragement, constantly lead those under his charge toward thellight of their enfranchisement. The history of all/the progress which has been made in civilization of the Indian, I think, will disclose the fact that the beginning has been religious teaching, followed by or accompanying secular-education, while the self-sacrificing and pious men and women who have aided in this gotvl work by their independent endeavors have for their reward the beneficent result of their labor and consciousness of Christian duty well performed. Their valuable services should be fully acknowledged by all who. under the law, j are charged with the control and management j of our Indian wards. What "has been said indicates that in the present condition of the Indians no attempt j should be nmdo to apply a fixed and unyielding law of action to their varied aud varying needs | and circumstances. The Indian Bureau, bur- J dened as it is with this general oversight, and with the details of the establishment, can hardly possess itself of the minute particulars of cases needing treatment, and thus the propriety of creating an instrumentality auxil- ! iary to those already established for tho core of the Indians, suggests itself. I I recommend tho passago of a law authorizing j the appointment of six commissioners, three of whopi shall bo detailed from the army, to be their vessels, and thereby occasioned slight i charged with the duty of a careful inspection inconvenience, though no considerable in- from time to time of all the Indians upon our iary. The mails have been dispatched reservations or subject to the care and control by other means. Whatever may be thought I of the Government, with a view of discovering of tho policy of subsidizing anV line of I their exact condition and needs, and determin- {>ublic conveyance or travel. I «m satisfied that t should not be done under cover of an expendi­ ture incident to the administration of a depart­ ment. ftor should there bo any uncertainly as to the recipient# of the subsidy or any discretion left to an executive 'officer as to it* distribution. If such gifts of public money are to be made for the purpose of .aiding any enterprise in the sup­ posed interest of tho public. I cannot but think Xhul the amount to be paid and the beneficiary mjght better be deUwmined by Congress thuu in •ny other way. THE POff AL UNION. • The International Congjress of delegates from the poBtal union eountriea convened at Lisbon, ju Ptor-.-^al, is February last, and .aftefr *. gag­ ing w hat steps thall be taken on behalf of the Government to improve their situation in the direction of their self-support and complete civilization. That they ascertain from such inspection what, If any, of the reservations may be reduced in urea, and in such cases what part, ! not IH sded for Indian occupation, may be pur- ! chafed hv tlr- Government from the In­ dians and disposed of for their benefit; what, if *nv, Indians may, with their consent, be removed' to other reservations, with a view of their concentration, and the sale on their be­ half of their abandoned reservations ; what In­ dian lands now held in common should beal- j lotted in severalty; in what manner and to what j extent tho Indian* upon>tbe rwerratton» cm I be placed under the protection of ouc laws and subjected to their penalties, and which, if any, ' Indians should be invested with the right of i citizenship. The powers and functions of the ! Commissioners in regard to these subjects ] should be clearly defined, though they should. • in conjunction with the Secretary of the In­ terior, be given all the authority to deal definite­ ly with the questions presented, if deemed aafe and consistent. SURVEYING INDIAN LANDS. The expense of the Indian Bureau during the last fiscal year was more than $6,500,000. I be­ lieve much of this expenditure may be saved under the plan proposed ; that its economical effects would be increased with its continuance; that the safety of our frontier settlers would be subserved under its operation, and that the na­ tion would be saved through its results from the imputation of inhumanity, injustice, and mis­ management* In order to carry out the policy of allotment of Indian lands in severalty, when deemed expedient, it will be necessary to have surveys completed of the reservations, and I hope that provision will be made for the prose­ cution of this work. They should also be charged with the duty of ascertaining the number of Indians who might properly be furnished with imple­ ments of agriculture, and of what kind; in what cases the support of tho Gov­ ernment should be withdrawn; where the present plan of distributing Indian supplies should be changed; where schools may be established, and where discontinued; the conduct, method and fitness of agents in charge of reservations; the extent to which such reservations are occupied or intruded upon by unauthorized persons, and generally all matters relating to the wel­ fare and improvement of the Indian. They should advise with tho Secretary of the Interior concerning these matters of detail-in management, and he should be given power to deal with them fully, if he is not now invested with such power. This plan contemplates the selection of such persons for commissioners who are interested in the Indian question, and who have practical ideas on the subject of their treatment. INDIAN TROC3I.ES. • In May of the present year a small portion of the Chirieahuft Apiiclies on tho White Mountain Iteseryation in Arizona left the reservation and committed a number of murders upon settlers in that neighborhood. Though prompt and en­ ergetic action was taken by the military, the renegades eluded capture and escaped into Mexico. The formation of the country through which these Indians passed, their thorough ac­ quaintance with the same, the speed of their escape and the manner in which they scattered r£nd concealed themselves in the' mountains '•hear the scene of their outrages, put our so.diers at a great disadvantage in their efforts to capture them, although the expecto- tion is still entertained that they will ultimately be taken and punished for their'criines. INDIAN RESERVATIONS PROTECTED. The threatening and disorderly conduct of the Cheyennes, of the Indian Territory, early last Bummer, caused considerable alarm antj "Un­ easiness. Investigation proved that their threat­ ening attitude was due, in a great measure, to the occupation of the land of their reservation by immense herds of cattle, which their owners claimed were rightfully there under certain leases made by the Indians. Such occupation appearing, upon examination, to be unlawful, notwithstanding these leases, tho intruders were ordered to remove with their cattle from the land of the Indians by the Ex­ ecutive proclamation. The enforcement of this proclamation had the effect of peace and order among the Indians, and they are now quiet and well behaved. By an Executive order issued on February 27, 1H8S, by my predecessor, a portion of the tract of country in the territory known as the Old Winnebago and Crow Creek Reservations was directed to be restored to the public domain and opened to settlement, under the land laws of the United States, and a large number of per­ sons entered upon those lands. This action alarmed the Sioux Indians, who claimed the territory as belonging to their res­ ervation under the "treaty of 1868. This claim was determined, after careful investigation, to be well founded, and consequently the Executive order referred to was, by proclamation of April 17, 1885, declared to be inoperative and of no ef­ fect, and all persons upon the land were warned to leave. This warning has been substantially complied with. OUR PUBLIC LANDS. The public domain had its origin in cessions of land by the States to the General Government. The first cession was made by the State of New- York, and the largest, which in area exceeded all the others, by the State of Virginia. The ter­ ritory, the proprietorship of which became thus vested in the General Government, extended from the western line of Pennsylvania to the Mississippi River. These patriotic donations of the States were incumbered by no condition, except that they should be held and used "for tho common benefit of the United States." By purchase with the common fund of all the people additions were made to this domain un­ til it extended to the northern line of Mexico, the Pacific Ocean, and the Polar Sea. The origi­ nal trust "for the common benefit of the United States" attached to all. In the execution of that trust the policy of "many homes rather than large estates" was adopted by the Government. That those might be easily obtained and be the abode of security and contentment, the laws for their acquisition were few, easily understood, and general in their character. But the pressure of local Interests, combined with a speculative spirit, has in many in­ stances procured the passage of laws which marred the harmony of the general plan aud en­ cumbered the system with a multitude of gen­ eral and special enactments which render the land laws complicated, subject the titles to un­ certainty and the purchasers often to oppression and wrong. Laws which were intended for the "common benefit" ho ve been perverted so that largo quantities of land are vested in single* ownership. From the multitude and character of the laws this consequence seems incapable of correction by mere administration. It is not for the common benefit of the United States that a large area of the public lands should be vested, directly or through fraud, in the hands of a single individual. The nation's strength is in the people. The nation's prosper­ ity is in their prosperity. The nation's glory is in the equality of her justice. The nation's per­ petuity is in the patriotism of all her people. Hence, as far as practicable, the plan adopted in the disposal of the public lands should have in view the original policy, which encouraged many purchases of these lands for homes and discouraged the massing of large art>as. Exclusive of Alaska, about fifths of the national domain has been sold or subjected to contract or grant. Of the remaining two-fifths a considerable por­ tion is either mountain or desert. A rapidlv increasing population creates a growing demand for homes, and accumulation of wealth inspires ail eager competition to obtain the public land for- speculative purposes. In the future this collision of interests will be more marked than in tho past, and the execution of the nation's trust in behalf of our settlers will be more diffi­ cult. I therefore commend to your attention the recommendations contained in the report of the Secretary of the Interior with reference to the repeal and modification of certain of our land laws. RAII.KOAD LAND GRANTS AND SUBSIDIES. The nation has made princely grants and sub­ sidies to a system of railroads projected as great national highwavs to connect the Pacific States with the East, it has been charged that these donations from the people have been diverted to private gain and corrupt uses, and thus public indignation has been aroused, and suspicion en­ gendered. Our great nation does not begrudge its generosity, but it abhors peculation and fraud, and the favorable regard of our people for the great corporations to which these grants were made can only be revived by a restoration of confidence, to be secured by their constant, unequivocal and clearly manifested integrity. A faithful application of the undiminished pro­ ceeds of the grants to the construction and per­ fecting of their roiwlSi an honest discharge of their obligations aud entire justice to all the people in the enjoyment of their rights on these highways of travel, is all the public asks, and it will be content with no less. To secure these things should be the common purpose of the officers of the Government, as well as of the cor- l>oratioiis. With this accomplished, prosperity would be permanently secured to the roads and national pride would take the I'lace of national complaint. THE PATENT OFFICE. The operations of the patent office demon­ strate the activity of the inventive genius of the country. For the year ended June 30, 18S.">, the applications for patents, including reissues, and for the registration of trade-marks and labels, numbered 35X88. During the same ptriod there were 22,S»ilH patents granted and reissued, and 1,429 trade-marKs and labels reuistered. The number (>f patents issued in the year 1875 was 14,387. The receipts during the last -fiscal year were $1,074,^71.35, and the total expendi­ tures, not including contingent expenses, i 'JM,- 123.11. There was 9,788 applications for patents pend­ ing on the first day of July, 1884, and 5,7m; on the same date in the year 18M5. There has been con­ siderable improvement made in the prompt de­ termination of applications and a consequent relief to expectant inventors. A number of sug­ gestions find recommendations are contained in the rejiort of the Commissioner of Patentswhich are well entitled to the consideration of Con­ gress. POLYGAMY. In the Territory of Utah the law of the United States passed for tile suppression of polvgamy has been energetically aud faithfully executed during the past year with measurably good re­ sults. A number of'eoaiviotigiiMi have been se­ cured for unlawful cohabitation, and in some cases pleas of guilty have been entered and slight punishment imposed upon promise by the accused that' they would not again offend against the law, nor ad^vise, c^ftthsel, aid, or abet in any way its vft»i*fion \by others./ The Utah Commissioners express thelopiniour based upon such information as they ane able/to obtain, that but few polygamous"marriages hAVe taken place in the Territory during the .hyst year, ihey further rej>ort that, while there cannot be found upon the registration lists of voters the name of a man actually guilty of polygamy, and while none of that class "are holding office, yet, at the last election in the Territory, all the officers elected except in one county were men who, though not actually living in the practice of polygamy, subscribed to the doctrine of polygamous marriages as a divine revelation aud a law unto all, higher and more bindiug upon the conscience than any human law, local or national. This is the strong spectacle presented by a com- j ni unity protected by a republican form of gov- ernment to which they owe allegiance, sustain- J ing by their suffrages a principle and a belief j which sets at naught that obligation of absolute j obedience to the law which lies at the founda- j tion ot republican institutions. The strength, I the perpetuity, and the destiny of the nation rest upon our homes established by the law of God, guarded by parental care, regulated by par rental authority, and sanctified by parental love. These are not the homes of polygamy. The mothers of our land who rule the nation as they would the characters, and guide the actions of their sonB, liv e according to God's holy ordin­ ance, and each, pure and happy in the exclusive love of the father of her children, sheds the warm light of true womanhood, unperverted and unpolluted, upon all with­ in ner pure and wholesome family circle. These are cot the cheerless, crushed, and un-' womanly mothers of polygamy. The fathers of our families are the best citi­ zens of the Republic ; wife and children are the sources of patriotism, and conjugal and parental affection beget devotion tor<>"-^ , i he man who, undefiled with plural marriage, is sur­ rounded in lirs single home with his wife and children, has a stake in the country which in­ spires him with respect for its laws and courage for their defense. These are not the fathers of polygamous families. There is no feature of this practice or the system, which sanctions it which is not opposed to all that is of value in our institutions. There should be no relaxation in the firm but just execution of the law now in operation, and I should be glad to approve such further dis­ creet legislation as will rid this country of this blot upon its fair fame. Since the people up­ holding polygamy in our Territories are re-en- foreed by immigration from other lands. I rec­ ommend that a law bo passed to prevint the importation of Mormons into the country. ANIMAL DISEASES; The prohibition of the imjKirtation into several countries of certain of our arimals and their products, based upon the suspicion that ljpalth is endangered in their use and consump­ tion, suggests the importance of such precautions for the protection of our stock of all kinds against disease as will disarm suspicion of danger and cause the removal of such an injurious prohibition. If the laws now in operation are insufficient Do accomplish this protection, I recommend their amendment to meet the necessities of the situ­ ation. and I commend to the consideration of Congress the suggestions contained in tho rejmrt of the Commissioner of Agriculture calculated to increase the value and efficiency of this de­ partment. . • PENSIONS. It appears from the report of the Commissioner of Pensions that there were on the first day of July, 1885, 335,125 persons borne upon the pen­ sion rolls, who were classified as follows; Army invalids, 241,456; widows, minor children, and dependent relatives of deceased soldiers, 78,841; navy invalids, 52,745; navy widows, minor chil­ dren. and dependents, 1,926; survivors of tho war of 1812, 295, and widows of those who served in that war, 17,212. About one man in ten of all those who enlisted in the late war are reported as recoiving pensions, exclusive of the dependents of deceased soldiers. On the first day of July, 1875, the number of pensioners was 234,821, and the increase within the ten years next thereafter was 110,304. While there is no expenditure of the public funds which the people more cheerfully approve than that made in recognition of the services of our soldiers, living aud dead, the sentiment under­ lying tho subject should not be vitiated by the introduction of any fraudulent practices. There­ fore it is fully as important that the rolls should be cleared of all those who, by fraud have se­ cured a place thereon, so that meritorious claims should be speedily examined and ad­ justed. T-'he reforms in the methods of doing tho business of this Bureau which have latelv been inaugurated promise better results in both these directions. CIVIL-SERVICE REFORM. The report of the Civil-Service Commission, which will be submitted, contains an account of the maimer in which (he Civil-Service law has been executed during the last year and much valuable information on this important Bubject. I am inclined to think that there , is no senti­ ment more general in the minds of the people of our country than a conviction of the correct­ ness of the principles upon which the law en­ forcing civil service reform is based. In its present condition the law regulates only part of the subordinate public po­ sitions throughout the country. It ap­ plies tests of fitness to applicants for these places by means of a competitive examination and gives large discretion to the commissioners as to the character of the examination and many other matters conngcted with its execution. Thus the rules and regulations adopted by the commission have much to ,do with" the jiractical usefuh-sss of the statute and with tho results of its application. The people may well trust the commission to execute the law with perfect fairness and with as little irritation as is possible. But of course no relaxation ol iiio principle which underlies it and no weakening of the safeguards which surround it can be expected. Experience in its administration will probably suggest an amend­ ment of the methods of its execution, but I vent­ ure to hope that we never shall again be remit­ ted to the system which distributes public posi­ tions purely as rewards for partisan service. Doubts ni'uy well be entertained whether our Government could survive the strain of a con­ tinuance of this system, which, upon every change of administration, inspires an immense army of claimants for office to lay siege to tho patronage of the Government, engrossing tho the time of public olticers with their importun­ ities, spreading abroad the contagion of their disappointment, and filling the air with the tumult of their discontent. The allurements of an .Immense number of offices and places exnibited to the voters of the land, and the promise of their bestowal in recognition of partisan activity, ISebauch the suffrage and rob political action of its thoughtful and deliberative character. The evil would' increase with tho multiplication of offices consequent upon our extension, and the mania for office-holding, growing from its ir,('utge11ce, would pervade our popu­ lation so generally that patriotic piirpose, the desire for the public good and solicitude for the nation's welfare, would be nearly banished from tho activity of our party contests and cause tlieui to degenerate into ijmoble, selfish and dis­ graceful struggles for the possession of offloe and public place. Civil-service reform, enforced by law, came not too soon to check the progress of demoralisa­ tion. Ono of its effects, not enough regarded, is the freedom it brings to the political action of those conservative and sober men who, in fear of the confusion and risk attending an arbitrary and sudden change in all the public offices with change of party rule, cast their ballots against such a change. Parties seem to be necessary, and will con­ tinue to exist. Nor can it be now denied that there are legitimate advantages not disconnected with offlcehokling which follow party supremacy. While partisanship continues hitter and pro­ nounced, and supplies so much of motive to sen­ timent and action, it is not fair to hold publie officials, in charge of important trusts, responsi­ ble for the best results in the performance of their duties and yet insist that th€y shall rely, in confidential and im]>ortant places, upon the work of those not only opposed to them in politioal affiliation, but BO steeped in partisan preju­ dice and rancor that they have no loyalty to their chiefs and no desire for their suc­ cess. Civil service reform does not exact this, nor does it require, that those in subor­ dinate jsisition who fail in yielding their best service, or who are incomi>etent, should be restrained simply because thev are in place. The whining of a clerk discharged for indolence or incompetency, who, though he gained his place by the worst possible operation of the sjxjils system, suddenly disco vol's that he is entitled to protection under the sanction of civil service reform, represents an idea no less absurd than the clamor of tho applicant who claims the vacant position as his compensation for the most questionable party work, The civil-service law does not prevent the dis­ charge of the indolent or ineomjietent clerk, but it does prevent supplying his place with the unfit'party worker. Thus in both the phases is seen benefit to the public service. Aud the1 people, who desire good government, having seevired this statute, will not relinquish its benefits without protest, nor are they un­ mindful of the fact that its full advantages can only be gained through the complete good faith of those having its execution in charge, and this they will insist upon. I recommend that tho salaries of the Civil Service Commissioners be increased to a sum more nearly commensurate with their important duties. \ THE GOVERNMENT LIBRARY. It is a source of considerable and not un­ natural discontent that no adequate provision has yet been made -for the accommodation of the principal library of the Government. A consideration of the fact that the library of the Capitol has twice been destroved or dam­ aged by fire, its daily increasing value and its im;Hirtance as a place of deposit for books under the law relating to copyright make manifest ttw necessity of prompt action to itffiure its proper accommodation and protection. DISTRICT MATTKR8. Mv attention has been called to a controversy which has anseu from the condition of the law relating to railroad facilities in the city of Washington, which bus involved the Commis­ sioners of the District in much annoyance and trouble. I hope the difficulty will be promptly settled by appropriate legislation. THE PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION. The present condition of the law relating tb the succession to the Presidency in the event/)f the death, disability, or removal of bath the President ami Vice President, is such as to require immediate amendment, This subject has repeatedly been con­ sidered by Congress, but no result lias been "reached. The recent lamentabltA death <ff the Vice President and the vacancies nt the same time in all other offices, the incum­ bent. of which might immediately exercise the ftyfYiions oi' tjie Presidential office, has caused ic: anxiety and a just demand that a recur- of such a condition of affairs should not be peri/iitted. CONCLUSION. Iij conclusion, I pommend to the wise care and thoiightful attention of Congress the needs and the jvelt'iire of the American Nation. To sub­ ordinate these to the narrow advantages of partisanship or the accomplishment of selfish aims is to violate the people's trust and betray the* people's interest. But an in­ dividual senso of responsibility on the part of each of ' us, and a stem determination to perform our duty well, must give m place among those who have added, in their day and generation, to the glory aud prosperity of our beloved land. (Signed) GROVEB CLEVELAND WASHINGTON, Dee. 8,1885. WHEN a fellow is pretty -well on in rears, and certain portions of him have dropped away, such as hair and teeth, why can't he confess it ? CURIOUS FACTS. develop them into faller existence, home people are afraid of putting too much emphasis, too much tenderness. TBAXBFKR PAPKK IS prepared byrnb- .v« bing tire surface of thm post or tissue j too~mnch"^eHng"i^^ei7"tenM of paper with graphite, Vermillion, red - - chalk, or other pigment, and cart fully removing the excess ot coloring mat­ ter by rnbbing with a clean rag. To KEEP paint or zinc from peeling off, first clean the snrlace with a strong Boda water, wash clean, and apply with a woolen cloth a solution of hydro­ chloric acid and water, equal parte, for a few minutes, then rinse with water and dry. FOR browning gun barrels wet a piece pf rag with antimony chloride, dip it in olive oil. and rub the barrel over. In forty-eight hours it will be covered with a fine coat of rust. Rub the barrel with an iron scratch brush to the desired tint and^wijte with lin­ seed oiL JT To STAIN articlos made of spruce a bright yellow either of the following will answer: Brush over the wood with a tincture of tumeric; second, warm the work and brush it over with weak nitric acid, varnish or oil as usual. A very small bit of aloes put into the varnish will give a rich yelloW color to the^wood. 1 FOB a cement to fix labels to tin boxes either of the following will an­ swer: 1. Soften good glue in water, then boil it in strong vinegar, and thicken the liquid while boiling with fine wheat flour, so that a paste results. 2. Starch paste, with which a little Venice turpentine has been incorpor­ ated while warm. ENGRAVINGS and prints are bleached by immersion for a few minutes in wa­ ter containing a little hyposulphite of soda. The restoration of paintings is effected by dissolving a little common soda in urine, then add a grated green potato and a little salt. Rub this well over the painting until clean. Wash off in spring water and dry -wish a clean cloth. THE question how far an object on the surface of a level plain can be re­ moved from a man before the curve in the earth's Burface makes it invisible may be answerad as follows: The de­ pression of the curve of the^earth*s sur­ face is, for two miles 2.(57 feet, three miles six feet, four miles 10.<>7, six miles twenty-fonr feet, ten m.les sixty- six feet, and fifteen miles 150 feet. ALL parts of the periphery of a wheel move with the same velocity around its center. The top moves along the road twice a9 fast as the axle. The bottom does not move un­ less the wheel is said to slip. This be­ comes self-evident by a practical trial of a small wheel on a table. All parts of the shaft move by its revolution. The center, or axis of a revolviug body or shaft is an imaginary line around whioh the body revolves. It has no breadth and no depth, and conse­ quently has no physioal existence. It therefore does not move. Pneumonia. To reach reliable conclusions respect­ ing the more important diseases, the experiences of many observers in dif­ ferent localities need to be compared. Medical books and magazines iurnish comparisons to some extent, as do tlie frequent medical meeting, with tiieir papers and discussions. But the ond is being reached in a more systematic and thorough way in England. Thus, in the cause of m ute pneumonia, re­ ports have been received bv a central committee of over due thousand cases from 480 oLservers. These wore put in charge of a sub-commitee, to arrange "and deduce from them what may bo looked upon as established result*. The following we have gathered out of tlieui, and hero present as a brief sum­ mary : 1. While pnenmonia is apt to lm con­ nected with bronchial and catarrhal af­ fections, this is by no moans invariable. We take this to mean that it may occur without any symptoms of a "cold." 2. 1 neunionia often attacks more than one member of a family at a time. This, we suppose, may be interpreted as either indicating a coiumon cause, or an infectious character of the dis­ ease^ .'t. When it is unusually prevalent, the rate of mortality from it is excep­ tionally low. 4. Defective drainage and sewer-gas poison may both cause it, and favor its spread; but such cases are neither specially severe nor mortal. 5i. Alcohol excess is often the excit­ ing cause of it. When so cansed it is the most fatal form of the disease. Next to alcoholic poison, the most unfavorable conditions for it are fa­ tigue and mental depression. 7. The disease may be infectious; be communicated to those who are in in­ timate and prolonged connection with it--as nurses and bed-fellow. Still, it is not infectious as ordinarily seen. c K One attack predisposes to a sec­ ond attack: but the patient is as likely to survive it at first. In rare instances there is a third attack. 9. It does not tend to terminate in consumption, even when the patient belongs to a consumptive family. Such an one recovers as rapidly and thor­ oughly as others. 10. When death occurs it is most commonly on the sixth, seventh, eighth, and tenth d#rs. 11. There are seldom any sequehir-- other ailments--as a consequence. 11. Primary pheumonia is sudden in its onset, and is due to seme chill and ex- I posure. It has all the character of an ! acute inflammation, with a marked | tendency to spontaneous recovery. It i is largely dependent on meteorological i changes, such as induce other iorm of ' lungs inflammation.--Companion. I Tones of Voice. p j If, then, care is needed to select our j language BO as to express with accnr-1 acy the thoughts we wish to convey, i certainly an equal care is desirable I that our tones of voico shall signify with equal accuracy those emotions or dispositions which it is desirable to make manifest. The chief ditference between the savage and the civil zed man is in the power and the habit of self control. Some of the emotions need deve lopemeat . some l e - t r u n t ; all need training. Tlieyuren<>t all tit \for utterance, nor of tho*e that ure is H. wise to give unreservedly to, the world. There is no way ot repres^in^ feeling so effectual as to deny its ex­ pression. The very ellbr.t so to culm the tones of our voico as to express less anger than one feels will of itself aila.- the anger and br ing about a mi d o r mood. The brave struggle to endu e necessary suffering without inflicting cries and lamentations on friends will enhance one's p o w e r of e n d u r a n c e . H e who resolutely changes a whining and fretful tone for a cheerful one wiil soon find much less to fref al;ou\ So. in many other instances, it is u-n» that objectionable feeling will decrease it' men steadily discard the tones of voice which convey them. Such control, however, does not end with repressiou.-sMany of the emotions need nflttless but more espressipn to voice, and assume a careless or cold manner, aa indifferent or unimpressive tone, to 'hide what they really feel. Now, if the emotion itself is a good one and its influence beneficial, it Bhould be encouraged by every appro­ priate means. The world has need of all the love and tenderness, all the sympathy aud compassion, all the cor­ diality and kindness that exists, and whatever of these men feel itr their hearts should find a ready outlet in the tones of their voices, as %ell as in' more substantial ways. -- Philadelphia Ledger. ' Degeneration of the Arteries The arterie3 convey the blood from the heart to every part of the body. They are not passive tubes, but have a propulsive action of their own whereby they aid that of the heart They con­ sist of three coats, besides an en­ closing sheath. The middle coat con­ sists of elastic mus ular rings, by the contraction and dilation of which the vessels are successively narrowed and enlarged. The nerves regulate their action. It will be seen that a healthy condition of the arteries is of prime importance. But the arteries may be­ come diseased. One of their most frequent and seri­ ous diseases is a peculiar degeneration of their inner coats. It shows itse|f at first in thickened patches, causing a bulging toward the interior, the result of some inflammatory action. Later these patches soften and become paste- like, whence the name of the disease atheroma, from a Greek word signi­ fying "meal." This pasty mass may be wasned out into the blood, or it may become calcified, and studded with lit­ tle hard points extending into the blood-current. These atheromatous patches may be of different sizes, vary much in number, and be confined to a few arteries, or be extensively diffused. When the inner coat is thus de­ stroyed, the weakened vessel, under the arterial pressure, may swell out into pouches (aneurisms), or may even burst. When the patch becomes calci­ fied, the blood, flowing against the juH ting joints, may form fibrinous clots, just as we may form them by stirring blood in a vessel with a stick. This fibrin may fill up an artery, and shut off the fiow of blood to a part. This is one of the causes of senile grangrene, the death of, perhaps, the foot in an old man. Or bits of the clot may be carried to remote small arteries, say of the brain, and cause embolism (a plug­ ging), with fatal consequences. These atheramotous changes may also cause softening of the brain, by merely retarding the flow of blood to it, and thus interfering with nutrition, and may cause enlargement of the heart--the left ventricle--by the greater labor imposed on it The cal­ cification of the coronary artery is one cause ot angina pectoris. Intemperate habits, violent exer­ tions. gout, excessive anxiety and men­ tal labor are some of its causes, and these also suggest the habits which tend to preveut the disease.--Youth's Companion. Skeetons. Every physician, writes a Cincinnati Enquirer correspondent, must have a skeleton as a part of his outfit, and therefore their preparation is an im­ portant feature in the profession. Med­ ical itinerants have neither the time nor the facilities for this work, and hence it naturally falls into the hands of the college janitor. Skeletons with him arc an article of merchandise, the quo­ tations being $50 lor a very fine speci­ men, while an ordinary article is offered for $30. This important but difficult task is to clean the hones without mar­ ring them or leaving the mark of the knife. It is not necessary to tell how this is done, but the process is very simple. Each janitor may get up twen­ ty-five skeletons in a season, sometimes more. This forms a very important perquisite, and indeed, if rightly im­ proved, his berth can be made very profitable. There is also a constant importation of skeletons from Paris, which is carried on by the dealers in surgical instruments. The French have the art of whitening the bones in a way never attained in this country, and the price is generally from to $100. The Parisian establishments ex­ cel in turning out the best skeletons of children, and even of infants, and some of the latter look like dear little doll skeletons that one might want to dan die in his arms or rock in the cradle. They are very cunning-looking things, these dear little babv skeletons. A "Heretic's" Creed. "In this book," said Mr. Mangasa- rian, holding up a leather-covered blank book, "I have written out a cov­ enant which all who become members of our church will be asked to sign. It it very short I will read it: " 'We, whose names are hereto sub­ scribed, associate ourselves together as a Christian Clfyrch for the purpose of moral and spiritual improvement, and of joromoting truth aud righteousness in the world, through the study, Jfrac- tice, and diffusion of pure religion, as taught and"ijyed by Jesus Christ, love to(Jod, and love to man.' "Recognizing the right of private judgment and tho sacredness of indi­ vidual conviction, we require no resent to any other doctrinal statement as a basis of Christian fellowship, but we welcome all who desiie to co-operate with us in advancing. the kingdom of Cod. "All that is required of any one who desires to join our church," said Mr. Mangasarian. "is that he shall sign that covenant. When he does so he is a member.--1'hiladelphia Inquirer. • I Striking the Wron; Man. Two Berlin hack drivers, each with a passenger in his vehicle, ran into each other in a narrow street They began to abuse each other, and grow­ ing more violent, one of them raised his whip and struck, not his opponent, but his opponent's passenger. "So," exclaimed the other foaming with rage, "you thrash my passenger, do you V Now I'll thrash your fare," nml thos&4iackmen lashed the unfor­ tunate i&'senpers, but did not waste a blow on each other. A This is very similar to the policy pursued by the imperial governments ot Russia and Germany. They do not go to war with each other, but they tnke it out on the unfortunate Jews. Tho Russians expei the German Jews irom the German provinces of Russia, and the Germans expel the Russian Jews from Poland and other portions of the German empire.--Boston Globe. It Had to Be. First politician--"And so everything was spontaneous at the convention ?" Second ditto--'And why shouldn't it be? We had everything fixed up so nicely that it couldn't help being spon- taneoui*--lioxton Dramvript. " LOTS OF BOTHER FOB WOKEH. They Go West to Triwh Mil Cook, nd ' Worried Into MHtriinony. [Bed Bend (Washington Territory) Letter.} When the census of this town taken last month, it was found thaf there was a population of 378, includ­ ing 293 males, and 60 married women, one Widow engaged, two maids on* gaged, and the rest children. Mor« than 200 of the men are bachelors ranging in age from twenty-five lo fifty#. Red Bend is some distance from a rail* , road, and it has been a very difficult matter to get young women to locat* here. Most of the girls who come into ~ this region stop at Yakima, or go thence to the larger towns south of here. When the school-home was built tho directors advertised in various Terri­ torial papers for a, teacher, and tho . first oue who presented herseif wu employed. She had not been at tho desk more than a fortnight before sho was married to a storekeeper name# Elverson, who was about the best look* ing young man in the town. She ro* signed her place, but consented to servo until her successor had arrived. Onfe of the young women with whom tho committee had been in correspondency was found disengaged, and in thiO course of a month she transferred he£* self to Red Bend and took charge of ft, school. She was a tolerably homely woman, somewhat advanced in yeara* but she, too, was lead to the altar iip less than a month, and gave up tbo school as her predecessor bad done. Once again the place was filled, and things went along smoothly for a whiles About that time McGinn, the taverlt keeper, imported a servant girl from Portland, and put her at work in his kitchen at a salary of a week. Mrs. McGinn was not very lusty, and her husband found that the only way in whioh keeping hotel was possible woo for him to have efficient lemale helpw He had had serious trouble getting any body to come, but the wages that he offered finally induced the girl spoken of to accept the job. She had no more than learned the ways of tho kitchen before two or three young men began to hang around the back door ot the tavern. McGinn was equal to tho emergency. He watched matters for ft day or two, and, becoming convinced that the school-house episodes were to have a repetition in his own kitchen, he got a gun, and just as a young man appeared at the back door, tho next evening alter supper, he jumped out cm him. "What do you want here?" he asked. "Nothing," said the fellow, coloring up a little, "nothing much. I was just calling on the girl in there. She's aa old friend of my family, and I look ilk once in a while to see how she's get­ ting on." "Well, I'm a friend of your family, too," said McGinn, "to the extent thai I don't want to kill you, but if you dost keep away from here I'll murder yoo* Now, you git" The youth slunk away. The next day the girl was missing from tho kitchen, and late in the afternoon it was discovered that she had married the young man. The same day tho schoolmistress announced her resigna­ tion, and as McGinn was on the war­ path with his gun, the leading citizens made up their minds that a crisis had arrived which would require a deal of statesmanship to bridge over. That evening when the school cont*- mittee met to consider things,'Mr. Elder, the chairman, said he had <U| idea which he thought might be wot* thy tho attention of his associates. Ho proposed that in the future all, school­ teachers should be made to sign a bond not to marry before the end of tho term. The idea was accepted, but fear­ ing that the conditions might make it impossible for them to get women into the town, they said nothing about them to the one with whom tfiey opened negotiations. She came on, and after deciding to take the place, was informed of thd contract which she would havo to sign. To this she indignantly de­ clined to accede. The school COOK mittee was inexorable, and so was she. She said she would leave for home iu tho morning. The committeemen looked at one another, to see if anybody was weakening, but no one appeared to be willing to give in; so it was decided that she would have to go. This par-' ticular girl was youag and very vivacious, and when she started off witb School Director Beebe for Yakima, tho whole town wished she would stay. An hour later Beebe drove into tho town with the girl still in his wagoa, and to the people who gathered around the vehicle with questions he said: "The fact is we've decided to gel married. She didn't want to go back, and I didn't want to have her ga" Everybody felt that Beebe had played roots on everybody else, but there wftt nothing to say. , At the next meeting of tho committee, which Beebe did not attend, Mr. Eld«i again had an idea which he wanted to submit. He said that in view of what had happened it occurred to him that Red Bend had greatness in its grasp. "Now," he continued, "let as overstock this market with school- ma'ams and servant girls. Advertiso for them everywhere, offer high wages, and hire all that come. We'll get enough after awhile to go around, and when we do it we may have a few on hand." The suggestion was discussed at con­ siderable at length, and adopted. ThO school board decided to hire ten teach­ ers, and twenty of the married men ia town agreed to take twenty-five ser­ vant girls. The advert isement* brought many answers, and in tho course of time the town began to fill fill up ^ith young women of every de­ scription. As they arrived they wero assigned to different families, and be­ fore a week had passed there were moro marriages on foot than the preacher could keep track of. The experiment has been found to work splendidly* and as the only schoolma'am in town now is said to be on the point of marrying, it is thought that the samo device will be resorted to again. Si* girls have been married out of Me-' Ginn's kitchen, and during tho la*& twelve months there have b en four­ teen teachers at the little schooL Tho present incumbent is a grenadier from Michigan, and the committee think sho will last some time: * ^keptici>m Cured. "Mr. Ingersoll, did you ever try ft bottle of my Magic Auti-Fat Remedy ?" asked the proprietor of a patent medi­ cine. "I never did," replied Col. Ingersoll! blandly. "You should try a bottle; it does all that I claim for it ia my advertise­ ment." "What do yon say in your advertise* ment?' c V "That a single bottle'will cmvixtCO the most skeptical.'--Aiex. SwettL BECAVSK death loves a shining mark is one reason Congressmen v»ry seldom die in office.