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* v*jV. r;#f^>|r^ T/' ,MV*f **V^V^ &* '^J&#^A"":Ck^f /*.» ^ *. h* $y,m JOHN M. PALMER. FASE-BALL. SOT18 OH M90N& ILL1WH8 STATE IMPORTANT, IF TB ^ Afowerfiil Argument by the flhio 'tuterann in tin Hon* of Aa Eloquent FA* for thaTrotection and of Amerioi* Industrial. -v.-, rft&fi ftmun,1am '• * A Speech that Onght t# Be Beai bj . ,, Land. *- *"£ \wl* ,*••• • '••'• 1 '•> '• * '•• • ' ' <Y'> • r-- " -St * . J Mr. McXintay began by saying that the ooun- try was in an anomalous situation. There was . nothing resembling it in the world. While, we were iteeking to find object* to relieve from tax­ ation, in order to relieve the prevailing pressure, . other nations were engaged in exploring the v fields of human industry and hnman production to find new objects of taxation to Bupply their in- L sufficiencies. In considering the situation that ;'t 'i fcbni confronted aa, and the bin which was in- « v S < tended to relieve it, it was well that it should be |'!,j . •? understood at the beginning what things all were % p . a agreed upon. They were: First, that we were jm\ collecting more money than was required for r " •" tha current necessities of the Government; '&>i and, second, that the excess, whatever it JL' might be, should be left with the people. The 8£4M" contention, therefore, was not on the reduc- tion, but on the manner oi the reduction; not that no reduction should be made, but ' j how and in what manner it could be best done, > All parties were further agreed that the tax on tobacco should be abolished, and that the $30,- 000 now collected from that source from the < manufacturers of tobacco should be hereafter left with the people. No obstruction would there < have been upon the Republican side to the aboli­ tion of the tobacco tax. Gentlemen on the other aide had united with him during the last session to secure recognition for the purpose of offering * bill to aboliBh that tax. But that recognition -had been refused by the presiding officer of the House--refused, tbo, when every intelligent Rep­ resentative knew that if an opportunitynad been given to vote upon the bill it would, have re­ ceived not merely a majority but a full two- thirds vote of the Bouse. If that bill had been passed no immediate Bitrplus would now be in the Treasury to disturb the country. But if this taxation were repealed now there would be left, according to the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, about $40,000,000 still collected in ex- • cess of the public necessities. How should this ; asm be remitted to the people with the least dis ; turbance of the great interests of the country ? : That was the real practical question before the House to-day. At this point parties and individu- j ala divided. Therein was manifested the two lines of political thought which had existed since the foundation of the Government. He could not forbear from congratulating the country that it now had an issue upon which all sections and all nationalities, uninfluenced by prejudice and un­ biased by faction, without regard to past party affiliations, could divide. There was now an issue which left the past behind and looked only to the present and the future. It was an issue that appeals neither to race nor geographical lines, an issue which the HOUBB could discuss and divide upon as each member should honestly believe was for the best interest of the individual citizen and the country at large. He congratu lated the country that it hod that issue now, and in .that spirit ho welcomed the issue sharply • made by the President of the United States and j in this bill. He wished to reach a conclusion, if possible, which would secure to the whole coun­ try the greatest prosperity. What was the division between the two great political parties ? It was upon a principle as old as the Government. It was between w hat was termed a revenue tariff as distinguished from a protective tariff, and upon the respective merits of the two systems the par­ ties must stand or fall. What was a revenue tariff, so-called, a? advo­ cated by t,hd*f>romoters of the Dill upon the floor? It looked to revenue only and dismissed all other objects and considerations. It put a tax, or duty, upon a foreign article imported into the United States which would produce the largest > revenue with the smallest amount of taxation; i or, as put by Walker, the author of the tariff of > 1840, from which the gentlemen on the other side ; drew their inspiration, the only true taxation is that which experience has shown in each case will produce the largest amount of revenue with the smallest rate of duty. He (Walker) had . clearly demonstrated that lower duties increased therevenne, but to secure larger revenue lower ; duties necessitated increased Importations. If < these importations competed with the domestic . products the latter must be diminished or seek : other and distant or impossible markets, or get ' out of the way altogether. The principle of this g vr . -J bill--and there was a principle observable in it-- was conspicuously illustrated in the case of R - I •wool. Wool, a foreign product the like of which was produced at home in quantities large enough to supply the domestic consumption, was put upon the free list in this bill, while Bugar, a foreign product, the like of which was produced at home, but produced in insufficient quantities to supply the American consumption, was left upon the dutiable list. The domestic production of sugar supplied only ' one-eleventh of the demand for consumption, yet it was left upon the dutiable list, and there- • • fore the tax was added to the cost of sugar to ev- . ; ery consumer in the United States. Wool was Sjf. placed upon the free list because the tax upon it f ;would protect the producers of this country. Any >h necessity to our people which came from abroad, -:-i ^ which you could produce at home, would bring a large revenue and a revenue only measured by our necessities and our ability to pay. Suppose a sufficient revenue could not be raised by put­ ting a tax upon the foreign non-com­ peting product. Then what did the rev­ enue tariff system do? It put a duty HO low upon the competing foreign pro- _ duct as to encourage and stimulate for- E • , eign importations, and thus diminished pro- f-"' duction at home, and eventually entirely §»' destroyed it. There was a conspicuous illus- K " tration of this in the bill. Cotton bagging was an important industry in the United States, af­ fecting not only the East and West but the South. All of it was made in this country. This bill reduced the duty so low as to prevent f • , any manufacture at home under it, as was the f ; ' testimony of overy manufacturer from Missouri i, to South Carolina. The duty was reduced so •'low that hereafter we would get that product from Calcutta and Dundee, and a large revenue • would go into the Treasury from that source. > That was a revenue tariff. The test, as Colxlen s ;y' puts it, was fully determined: "The instant you , 4; find a tax protecting domestic production, that / i instant free trade and revenue tariff aondeinn % l it." The protective tariff was a tariff put upon foreign articles which would raise the requisite revenue to meet the expenses of the Govern- meut, and BO judiciously adjusted as to . apnjy to all competing foreign products, ana permit non-competing products except lux- i uries to come in free of duty and go untaxed and ;; unburdened by custom-houBe exactions. It said c to the foreign producer: "If you want to bring „ your foreign products into the United States and sell them in competition with our people in our : home market your product must bear the bur­ den--must pay the duty. You must draw the i ; load; you must- furnish the revenue; and in per­ forming this essential give protection to our own .. people." As to everything else--every necessity of life--the protective tariff said: "Come in free of duty." Tea, for instance, drugs and spices; : we could not produce them in the United States, ond every one of them was put on the free list. , r But to the man who raises a commodity which * we could raise it said: "If you want to compete ' with ns in our own markets you must pay for doing it." , We had free trade more than any country in ; the world. We had free trade among our thirty- (' ' 'eight States and the Territories, and with <>0,000,- ' 000 of people, extending from ocean to ocean, and from the lakes to the gulf; free trade among ourselves, within our own borders. Free trade . in the United States was based upon a commu­ nity of equalities and reciprocities. It was like * tithe reciprocal obligation of a family. "We are •tone country, one civilization ; we have one lan­ guage, one system of law, one constitution, and one destiny. Not so with other nations of the world. Each is a separate political society; an organization of its own to work out its own \ ^destiny." We denied to these nations free trade with aa upon equal terms with our own pro­ ducers. He requested his honored friend from • Kentucky (Mr. Breckinridge), who was to follow . ' him, to tell him why the foreign producer should be admitted to an equality with our own pro- "•'̂ dTicers upon our own soil. He paid no ~ taxes, performed no civil duties; he Was not amenable to our laws; he was fV aubject to no civil obligation; he was with us : in neither war nor peace ; he was an alien to us ; he cared nothing for us beyond what he could •make out of us. We put n tariff on the cornpet- , _ ing foreign products to protect ourselves, to pre- : " aerve ourselves, to defend ourselves and those who are always with us, in adversity and in sun- » A -abine, in sympathy and in purpose, and in sacri- . sjflce if need be. It waa about all we could do as * "American citizens to look after our own people. «Hia friends on the other side thought they were • xloing their whole duty when they let our people v ; 4®4one an(l looked after the people of other na- • Tftions. Tipat was what they had been doing since jDecember last--preparing legislation, not in the ^ ' interest of the American people but in the inter- V '-sjest of the foreign j«*ople. : ' 5 This bill was of necessity a bill to reduce reve- tiue. It would not do it. Take from the bill the nternal-revenue provisions, the $24,500,000 re- eductions in tobacco and in special licenses-- 4 (eliminate that from the bill and you would Jmake not a dollar of reduction in the Treas- Jiry. The $27,000,000 reduction expected to , jbe effected by the free list would be more • than offset by the increased revenue which Would result from the lower duties. He ven- , tured the assertion to-day that if this bill should ..go into operation at the end of the fiscal year I860, the dutiable list in the bill would carry in- --to the Treasury more money than was car- ri#d into it under the present law, because by ; the reduction of duties upon foreign imports the *" bill would stimulate an increase of foreign im- . *|XHtationi«, and to that extent would increase the tferenue. There were a few Btriking things in the ,i»ill which the country ought to understand. ^Qentlemen would have supposed who have %eard this discussion that the bill reduced the duties all along the line. They never would have JJeUeved, listening to the gentleman from Texas, t|pn« the ottier gentlemen of the majority of the Ways and Means Committee, that the bill m- . preaaed the duties. How many men on the other Bide of the House knew what was in the bill to- ;Hay? He would like to poll tltom. - Here waa a Jingle item, steel billets. The present du- ty waa 15 per cent, ad valorem. It was : - T " . - _ ->. f rtiaed the duty from 45 par oant to«l.88 ner oent. ad valorem, an advaaoe at 45 per oent. f>id gPnt?wF?gl toow what was made out of these ataal jrTOrta? Whre fencing that inclosed the great flelda of the West. If it waa true, aa con­ tended by gentleman on the other side, that the *"** ??? ,l4ded the cost, tip price of every poondof win feacttawoold Sinonased from one-quarter to one-Jiatf oent a pound: and this waa done by a Democratic House, what else waa made out of steel billets T Cut nails, which everybody used. The duty on eat naOa waa re­ duced 85 per oent. and the raw material waa in- ceased 45 per cent. When one end went up the other went down, and that, he trusted, would be the fate of this bill. What did the gentlemen think of that for raw material for the manufac­ turer? But that waa not all in this bill--this bill that was baaed on principle, that the Presi­ dent stood behind and beneath, and that he in­ sisted should be paaaed whether or no in this House, and whion ha waa dispensing offi­ cial favor to have paaaed--for, as the Post said, there were Allen towns for every Sowden. Here were cotton ties that presented another queer freak in this bill. A Southern cotton-planter wanted some hoop-iron to bale his cotton, and be went to the custom­ house and not all be wanted, and did not have to pay a oent duty, but if the Western farmer want­ ed some hoop-iron of exactly the same width and exactly the aame length he had to pay one and one-half eents a pound. If the Western farmer wanted it for his pall or his thatch, or the wash­ erwoman wanted It tor im waah-tub, they must pay one and one-half centa a pound, while the cotton-planter got it tor nothing. Waa that fair? He appealed to Southern and to Northern Demo­ crats. Was that fair on any principle of justice or fair play? Talk about sectionalism t The bill raises a question of sectionalism, and he regretted it more than any one else. There were other strange features to the bill. What in the world had the bill done for the people anyway ? What had it done for the fanners ? Ithad taken the du­ ties practically off everything he grew--off every product of the farm. It took the duty off wool. What did it give the farmer in returnEvery­ thing that he bought waa dutiable; the coat he wore, the hat that covers his head, his shoes, his stockings, his sugar, his rice--every­ thing is dutiable. But everything he raised was put on the free list. The duty on wool was gone. What had the Democratic party given the farmer in return for this slaughter of his Interests? He had looked up and down the bill, and would ask what did it do for the farmer. Why, it had given his free sheep dip. It was a preparation used on sheep. It was made largely or the ends of tobacco. It had a little sujphur in it, and a little water-in it, and a little lime in it, and it was put on the free list. The bill made the farmer's wool free, but made him pay 45 per oent. for the shears with which he clipped his sheep. The sheep- bell, the golden-shod shepherd from Massachu­ setts (Russell) would know what he meant. It was a bell that was put around the neck of the sheep to inform the shepherd of his flocks. The bill made sheep bells dutiable at 45 per cent, ad valorem. Why, the sheep would be ashamed of the gentleman. Tin-plates were made free. They were made of per cent, of sheet-iron and 2V, per cent. tin. The tin-plates were made free and sheet-iron was dutiable at 2 cents a pound. He might spend two hours i<ointing out such inconsistencies, but he left that for the flve-minute debates. He gave a few samples. He wanted to call attention to another thing, and that was the internal-revenue feature of the bill. As far as the abolition of the tax on tobacco was concerned both parties were in accord, but this internal-revenue feature of the bill carefully provided for the repeal of laws which authorized the destruction of the illicit stills when men were found in the very act of distillation. Un­ der the present law, if men were found engaged in that the revenue officer was authorized to de­ stroy the whole outfit. This bill repealed that law, and provided that the stills should neither be mutilated nor destroyed, but be preserved for future violations of the law. It further provided in case a man was arrested for illicit distilling that the Judge should look after his well being and comfort while in prison. That provision did not apply to any other class of criminals. There was one feature on the bill which was not by any means its worst feature, but which of itself was enough to defeat the entire measure if there was nothing else in it, and that was the substitution of the ad va­ lorem system of assessment for the specific sys­ tem. There was not a single nation, except En­ gland, that imposed ad valorem rates on import­ ed articles, and England had abandoned that, except upon one article, for the reason that there can be no honest administration of the revenue law as long as the value of the imported article is to be left to be ascertained by experts thou­ sands of miles away from the point of produc­ tion. Passing on to a discussion of the general effect of the protection system on the people, he said he cared not whether the present prosperous con­ dition of the country was the result of protection or not. The fact that that condition had come with protection ought to make Congress hesitate long before it abandoned the system. Gentle­ men might try protection by any test. They might try it not only by the individual prosperi­ ty of the citizens but by the advance which the country had made in intelligence and invention, and by any standard it might be tried the pro­ tective system would show by its results that it surpassed any other. New En­ gland's prosperity was due largely to the nsective tariff. And her prosi>erity been a positive benefit to every one of the 60,000,000 people of the United States. He cited statistics to Bhow the large amount of the farm products of the North and West which were consumed in New England, and asked if New England was not a better market than Old En­ gland for. the people of the United States. Was not Boston a better consumer than London, New York than Liverpool, Pittsburgh than Man­ chester, Cincinnati than Lincolnshire ? The cot­ ton production alone that went into New En- §lanu in 188U was 20 per cent, greater than all our oinestic exports to the United Kingdom. The Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee hod said let New England go and let us go to Old England for a market. That was about as practical as the Democratic party ordinarily got to be. This government was made for Americans, native born and naturalized, and every product that competed with ours that came into tlds country drove just so much American labor out. Was there to be no limit to these foreign im­ ports. The United States would have to bring the cost of its products down to that of the products on the other side of the ocean, and when it did that under free trade it could limit imjiortation, but it could not otherwise. Free raw material would not do it. The principal trammel on the American manufacturer was the high price for labor in the United States, and if the Democratic party intended to enable our manufacturers to compete with foreign manu­ facturers in a neutral market it could do it only in one way, and that was bv reducing the scale of wages in the United States. It could not be done in any other way. It had been asserted that the wages of American labor were not higher than those of European labor. He quoted from testimony by workmen on both sides of the Atlantic given before the Ways and- Means Com­ mittee in 1886, apologizing that the informa­ tion was not newer, ana declaring that the reason was that in 1888 the workingmen hod not been allowed to testify before the committee. He read a letter from Mr. Barbour, of tho Barbour Spinning Company, of Paterson, N. J., who was also interested in a flax manufactory in Ireland. He states in his letter, which is of recent date, that the 1,400 Americans in Paterson get as much w ages a3 tho 2,900 employed in Ireland. "This biH," commented Mr. McKinley, "proposes to equalize American production with European by bringing down American wages, and I give you notice here that you can not do it." He read a letter received from the Singer Sewing Ma­ chine Company of Elizabeth, N. J., and GlaHgow, stating that the wages of the American workmen were i»35,000, against !$18,000 to the employes in Glasgow, where there were one-third more labor­ ers employed. Yet, gentlemen on the other side said that American workmen got no more wages than your workmen. Mr. Herbert of Alabama--Can the gentleman give us the price that a sewing-woman pays for her machine in Scotland and in New Jersey? Mi-. McKinley--1 am told the prices are about the same. If anything, the sewing-machine in Scotland costs a little more than the machine in America. Proceeding, he said that the country was ready for free trade the moment European producers would bring their labor up to the American standard. That was the free trade the country wanted. Whenever competing countries would recognize the manhood and dignity of labor and pay equally to that paid in America the United States was ready for free trade the world over. It could compete with the world in the American market and in the neutral markets, and then let the fittest survive. Gentlemen talked about cheap clothing. Cheap clothing was too narrow for a National issue. It was nut big enough to run a National campaign on. He had never had any complaints from men in his district that their elothes were too high. Mr. Morse of Massachusetts--They did not buy of mo. Mr. McKinley--If they had bought of the gen­ tleman from Massachusetts it would not have made any difference. The gentleman will know his own goods (producing a suit of clothes). Tho Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee talked about the laboring man who worked ten days for a dollar a day and then went to buy a suit of clothes for *10. It is the old story. It is told by Adam Smith. He found he could have bought it for 5^10, but the robber manufacturers had been down to Congress and had 100 per cent, put upon the suit, and he had to go back for ten days more of toil and the use of his muscle to earn the extra $10 to bny it. A gentleman who heard that speech sends mo a suit of clothes. Here it is, rob­ ber taxes and all, and the retail cost is just §10, so that the poor fellow does not have to go back for ten days more toil after all. In order to be sure of the goods (knowing the honesty and honor of the gentleman from Massachusetts) the gentleman went to his store and 1 Knight the suit. I hold in my hand the bill: J. D. Williams, bought of Leopold Morse & Co. To one suit all wool clothes, $10." And I never knew before of a gentleman engagod in that busi­ ness selling without a profit. This is the $10 suit of all-wool described by the gentleman from Texas which can be bought in Boston, Chicago, New York, and other cities for $10 at retail--10 per cent, cheaper than in 1800 under a low tariff and low wages. Now you have not so much sym­ pathy with that fellow that went back to per­ form ten days' labor. Mr. McKinley continued that the acme of the gentleman's speech was reached when he got to the American blanket, and the enormous burden the tariff was upon the poor man's blanket. He quoted from the books of a blanhgt.inMinftu*ynr. ing firm to show that blankets now sold tot much less than they did under a Democratic tariff. A blanket that Sold in for *10 jvmM be bought now for 95.96, and that vhich sold for •Ufor *un. Tfetevaatma an down (to Bik, would bay thrae pain o! cheap blankets. The •yinner at to-day could buy fifteen pain of blankets for a week's work. He rUi I860, and h* pot two aad a half times aa .mueh tor nis labor. Did gentlemen wander that these men did not like the bUl? Did they wonder that they condemned the action at the committee in not listening to their story ? He wanted to cite s little incident which oocurred last year, under the present administration, when bida wen In- vited for 2,000 army blankets Bids were made by home manufacturers and foreign. HM bids <m the foreign were 90 oents lees for blankets than those of the home manufacturer, and the contract went abroad to England. The 2,000 blanket* were imported, but they did not pay any duty. The duty on the blankets would have amounted to *3,016, which added to the coat would have made $7,310. If It were true that the manufacturer got the bene­ fit of the duty, that would nave been the cost of the American blankets, but the American prioe was 15,130, or less than the foreign oost,' duty jrided, by 92,400. He was sorry that the! President did not know of this transaction that' occurred under his administration, or he would not have made the blunder he did in saying tbat' the duty was added to the cost. He wished that: the Government had not saved that thirty cents on its blankets. He wished that the Government, which was supported by the people, would pat-i rontee the people. He did not know whether it; had been done by any former Administration, and it never ought to be done except hi time of war by any future administration. ' The opportunity of the people of this country ! , was next November, for if the people of the- country want free trade it was their privilege to have it, but they muat vote after a full and fair and.candid discussion. The majority of the Rep­ resentatives on the floor of this House waa not authorized to vote for this bill by the election of 1886. That was not the issue. Whenever the Republican party sought to make ife'the issue It was concealed by Democratic protectionists in the North. Nobody knew that better than the gentleman from Pennsylvania (8cott), the friends of labor. The House was not elected on that issue. He challenged the authority of gentlemen under instructions given them by the people two® years ago to force this measure through the House. Mr. Scott of Pennsylvania said that he had' voted for the consideration of the Morrison bill,, and that the people had sent back with a doubled majority. Mr. McKinley said he knew that, but that a man who had between 30,000 and 40,000 miles of railroad, coal mines all ever creation, and plan­ tations in Virginia could come to Congress in an off year on almost any issue. Mr. Scott replied that he had come to Congress in a Presidential year from a district which gave Blaine 6,000 majority and gav^him 900 majority. Mr. McKinley said that what he could not un­ derstand was how it was that a district which believed in free trade and was against protection gave Blaine, one of the most pronounced protec­ tionists in the country, 6,000 majority. But now I say to tho gentleman and his associates : Go back to the people-and ask to be elected to the Fifty-first Congress on this bill and on the President's message. Then, if a majority is re­ turned to the next House, you will be authorized --aye, instructed--to vote for this bill. Do not dodge, but meet the issue squarely. Make your platform in Connecticut the same as in the Caro- linas; in New Jersey and New York the same as in Mississippi and Tennessee. Then, if a ma­ jority comes back, you will l>e instructed to ac­ cept the British Bystem and abandon the Ameri­ can. [Laughter and applause.] It is not im­ portant about the details of the bill. It is the system that is on trial. It is whether the Amer­ ican system shonld be maintained or the British system substituted. Bnrdetto to loaiif Voters. My eon, you will cast your first vole for President next November. I don't want to influence your vote, I don't want you to vote for a certain man just because other men do. I want yon to sit down and think about it before yon vote. I want you to be able to give a reason for your vote. I want you to go to the polio in good com­ pany. As a young man of progressiva ideas, I want you to be abreast with tha world and shoulder to shoulder with the times when you walk to the polls. I want you on entering politics to align with the party that has the purest and most pro­ gressive record. I don't care a cent, myi boy, whether yon are a Republican or a; Democrat. There are honest men, patriotic citizens, good Christians in both parties. Only I don't want to see yon walk up to the polls and cast your first rote with the party-- That upheld slaveiy as a divine institu­ tion. That bought and sold men, women, and babies like so many mules. That fired on Fort Sumter and the American flag. That for nearly five years fought to de­ stroy the Union. That opposed the issue of greenbacks when the Government waB fhirly perish- ing for want of them. ^ That organized mobs and riots to oppose the drafts. That swept American commeroe from the seas with armed privateers. That is the party of Boss Tweed and Jefferson Davis. That polls its heaviest majorities in the most vicious and ignorant precincts. That is the strongest in the States where the percentage of illiteracy is the ̂ greatest. That has opposed every liberal and pro­ gressive measure in legislation dnring the last quarter of a century. That was the defender of slavery. That was the defender of MormoniMfc. That slandered Gartield. That assassinated Lincoln. Now, as I said before, my son, I don't care whether you are a Republican or a Democrat. Choose for yourself. Just keep away from the crowd* whose record I have briefly outlined.' Find the party to whom this record belongs, and then for­ ever keep away from it. You need not be particular with which party you unite, if you don't join that one. Always vote against that party, and you will" always vote about right. I am a Republican, but I will shake hands with fraternal love with any Democrat who vote* against that rec­ ord. That kind of a Democrat is always a good enough Republican for me. P. 8.--I have never found that kind of a Democrat. A Labor Union Joins a Tariff Organisa­ tion. The Amngamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers of the United States has joined the American Protective Tariff League. Joseph D. Weeks, General Sec­ retary of the League, regards this action of the Association as most significant, and thinks it is the first time in the history of protection that a labor union has officially- connected itself with a tariff organization, and that it indicates a united action on the part of workingmen and manufacturers which can have bnt one result, namely, the complete ascendency of the doctrine of protection to American labor and Ameri* can industry.--New York Tribune. Diphtheria from Poultry. In Skiatos, one of the Grecian isles, there had been no oase of diphtheria for over thirty years until the summer of 1884, when a child died of the dis­ ease, and in the course of five months there were over one hundred cases, with thirty-six deaths, in a community of about four thousand. Careful investi­ gations of the origin ;t the epidemio resulted in traoing it to a flock of. in­ fected turkeys received from Salonica, and which on examination showed un­ mistakable evidence of the diphtheria process. Dr. Paulinis, the reporter (Bulletin Medi al), concluded from this experience that the diphtheria of the ordinary born-yard fowls was simi­ lar in its course and symptoms to the disease occurring in man, and that it could be carried from the one to the other, sometimes through the medium of the air. - • Eating Husks. In a western (N. S. W.) town ihara is--in the humble but useful capacity of maker of a well-known baking pow­ der--a nepliew of the late Lord Iddes- leigh. And at a back-block public house we met the third son of the wealthy Duke, in the humble but useful capa­ city of ostler.--Sidney Bulletin. To BE lied about teaches us not to be­ lieve the one-tenth of the bad things said against others. -- Pomer^'s Advance Thought. To BS a gentleman does not depend upon the tailor orche toilet. Good manners count mors than good elothes.--Bishop Doant, Sfatrait and Sketch of the Democratio Yeminee for Governor of niiatis. Aim M. Palmer was born ||^Beo(ft County, Kentucky, in September, 1817, and went to Madison County, Illinois, in 1831, where he studied law and was elected Probate Judge. He waa a disciple of Stephen A. Douglas, was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1847, and was elected to the State Senate five years later, He broke with his party 1 of the Missonri Com­ promise, and went back to the Senate as an anti- Nebraska Democrat. In the Leg­ islature he was one of the five who voted for Lyman Trumbull and ultimately forced the Whig members to take him up and elect him. Pelmer presided over the Re­ publican Stale Convention at Bloomington in 1856, ana henceforth took an active part in promulgating the principles of the party. He was beaten for Congress in 1859, was a Republican elector in 1860, and the next year waa one of the five Illinois delegates to the Peace Congress at Washington. When the war broke out Palmer entered the service as Colonel of the Fourteenth Illinois Infantry, and soon became a Major General of volunteers, ending his army career in charge of the military adminis­ tration of Kentucky in I8tk>. He had several quarrels with Gen. Sberman. Gen. Palmer was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination for Senator in 1867, bnt the following year was made the choice of the party for Governor. It was his lot to call a special session of the Leg­ islature after the great Chicago fire. Later his protest was made against the military occupation of the city under General Sher­ idan. It was nnder Gov. Palmer's admin* istration that the new Constitution of 1870 was adopted. In 1872 Palmer strayed off into the Liberal fold as a supporter of Horace Greeley, and soon was in full fel­ lowship with the Democratic party, where he has ever since remained. His latest appearance in publio affairs was as a dele­ gate-at-large lo the Democratic National Convention, where he was an ardent sup- Krter of McDonald of Indiana. April 4 it the General was married to Mis. H. L. Kimball. Tho Western League Teams Are Voi on Their First Eastern T"V Circuit ' * ' *1 'lf"* •Us" •.V-Betroit, ud Baton Strong Fight--Standing of tha Olubfc THE LABOR CANDIDATE. Portrait of A. J. Streeter, Nominee of , tfct Union Labor Party for '%•••; President We publish herewith a picture of Hon. A. J. Stceeter, of Illinois, who received the nomination for President at the hands of -the National Union (abw Convention, ra- cently in session at Cincinnati. Mr. Streefer is a wealthy farmer, and has served two or three terms as State Senator in the Illinois Legislature. He has accepted the nom­ ination. ELECTRIC BREEZES. REPORTS have been received of the kill­ ing of Sergeant Porter Webster at Fort Reno by Private Davis Lemmons. JUDGE CHILDS, at Albion, Orleans County, N. Y., has resentenced George Wilson, the wife-murderer, to be hanged June 27. THE body of the man Bonville, who was tortured and killed by the Indians near Duluih, has been found. A large posse is hunting for the murderers. ALEXANDEK BOYLE has been asked to yubmit a design for a statue of Horaoe Greeley. A concert will be given at Stein- way Hall, in New York, to raise funds^ THE presenting for payment of a note whioh dull business made it impossible to meet unnerved Peter Engstrom, a confeo- doner at Erie, Pa., and seizing his revol­ ver he sent a bullet through his brain. THE Ohio State Board of Pardons has Sassed upon the application of "Blinky" [organ for commutation of sentence to imprisonment for life, snd recommended that the time of exeeution be extended to sixty days from June 1. F. A. WHEELED, of the wholesale boot and shoe house of Curtis & Wheeler, of Rochester, N. Y.( was found dead in his berth in a sleeper on its arrival in Cincin­ nati, it is supposed from an overdose of chloral, as a bottle containing chloral was found by his side. THE body of Henry Whitehouse, aged 22, was fonnd near Portsmouth, N. H. His throat had been out, and his head and body were disfigured with gaping wounds. James Palmer has been arrested for the murder. Whitehouse was killed while t re­ turning from the home, at Kit'err, Me., of a young woman whom he was courting. AN Augusta, Maine, dispatch to a New York evening paper states that Mr. Blaine's private residence was broken into recently and his private and business correspond­ ence, involving financial operations, which were in his library, were overhauled. The miscresnt is not known, neither have the abstracted been recovered. {OHIOAOO OOBBKSPOlTDBirCnfekf Saturday, May 26, gave Chieagoans th< last leaeue game that they will see on th< home grounds until June 20, the Black- stockings departing on the following Mon­ day for Washington, where, upon Decora­ tion Day, they played the first two gamei of their present Eastern tour, * The game on Saturday was the third o: the series with Detroit, and was won b] the visitors after having lost the first twe games to Chicago. There were fully 9,00< people upon the grounds, and it is proba­ ble tii at no crowd that had previously gath­ ered there ever had more fun in two houn or did more shouting. It was an efferves­ cent crowd that sympathized with thi home team and manifested its partisan­ ship in no uncertain manner, bu was ready to expand and bubble ovei on the slightest occasion. Hard and weal hitting, tine fielding, and errors all rankec alike and were applauded with generoui impartiality. Home runs and hita or playi that gave the home team an advantage were treated as special events and were greetec with frantic demonstrations. The major* ity of the persons present evidently wen there with deliberate intent to yell, anc the minority was carried along on the wav< of excitement and had to yell. That was the kind of a crowd that saw the Detroit! beat the Chicagos by a score of 9 to 8. the winning ran being made in the ninth inning. Van Haltren and Darling were in th< points for Chicago, and the visitors' bat tery was Gruber and Bennett. Both teami did hard hitting, the visitors batting Yai Haltren's curves for eight singles, on< three-bagger, and two home runs, whil« the home side gauged G ruber's delivery fot ten singles, one double, and two hom< runs, it was oertainly a game well wortl witnessing. Excepting that Philadelphia has ex­ changed places with Pittsburg, and that Detroit has passed New York, the relative positions of the league teams in the cham­ pionship race are the same as they were i week ago. The Chicago team has fallen oil in it * percentage, but owing to defeaU sustained by its nearest competitors it hat nearly as great a lead as ever. The De- troits are crowding the Bostons, and only i change of a couple of games is required to place the "Wolverines" in second place. New York is a pretty good fourth, witfc Philadelphia right at its heels and chased by Pittsburg. Tho loss of two games tc Washington and one to Indianapolis wat an unexpected set-back to the "Smokj City" team. With Glasscock back in hii position with the "Hoosiers" they will be troublesome opponents for all the othei teams. They are of course out of the racc for the pennant, but they may prevent even the Chicagos from winning, just at the Pittsburgs did last year. The Wash­ ington are hopelessly in the rear. HOW THEY STAND. The following table will show the stand­ ing of the National League, American and Western Associations, and Central Inter­ state League teams up to Wednesday, May Loague. Won. LosljAmerloan. Won. Lost Chicago.......21 Boston 18 Detroit 16 New York 14 Philadelphia..It Pittsburg 11 lndian*i>olU .. 9 Washington... 8 Omaha. U Kansas City...XI Milwaukee 8 St. Louts 11 St. Paul 8 ^jjineapolis... 7 7 C i n c i n n a t i . 1 II St. Louis 18 1 ialBrooklyu......tt 1 HiAthlotto 19 1< 13 Baltimore H 14 151 Cleveland 9 H ISLouii vill* 9 9! S0lKansas City... 7 * Western. Woa. Lost. IInterstate. Won. Los* Des Moines....11 5iBavenport IS < 81 Peoria is I OjDnbuque it t 7. Crewfordsvllle. 8 10 Bookfoc4 tt f aJBlooniington... 4 14Danville....... 4 III Decatur 4 SP0I caga 4 The percentage of games won by eacl club (and this determines thqir standing] msy be obtained by any reader, by adgine the number of gamtg won to tits numbel of games lost, Chd then using we quotient as a divisor, and the number of gamei played as a dividend, adding two or three ciphers to the dividend, thus: Chicago has won 21 and lost 7 games. It has then played 28 games. Divide 2,100 by 28 and you have 7o0 as the answer. This is the percentage of games won by the Chicago club to the number of games played. This explanation is given for the benefit oi many who may not know how the standing of a team isdetermined. IN OENEHAIi. His eyes were wild, his teeth were set, as down the street he ran. The cruwd made way, as on he went, for this exoited man. Was fire, murder, sudden death, the tid­ ings that he bore? Oh, no; he is a base­ ball-crank, who wants to know the soon. --Shoe and Leather Reporter. ' Jack Glasscock, of the Indianapolis team, certainly gets away with a trick bet­ ter than any man in the profession. In the second inning of a game With Boston last week McGeachy made a hard drive to right, and Brown attempted to throw Mia out at first base, but the ball bounded by Morrill and rolled toward the home plate. McGeachy had overrun first, and it was impossible for him to4urn around in time to take advantage of the wild throw. Glasscock, however, who was in the coaoh- ing box, started for first base at full speed, and Kelly picked up the ball and threw it to first with all his might. Nothing cams of the play as the throw was accurate, but had it been wild, McGeachy would have been advanced a base or two.--Indianap- olin Journal. Before Borchers, the new pitcher of the Chicago Club, arrived, Dft Williamson said of him: "He pitches more like Charley Sweeny than any other man I ever saw, and Sweeny was as good as any man that ever stepped into a box." To any person who had ever seen Sweeny in the box Borchers' work last week must have Jbeen a strong r> minder of the once famous pitcher. Borchers' style of delivery is almost exactly like that of Sweeny, and there can be little doubt that the one has made astadyof the other. Without having the perfect com­ mand of the ball that Sweeny used to ex­ hibit, Borchers has all of his most effeotive curves and drops, including en inshoot which is a distinct outcurve to a left-hind batsman--a ball that few right-handed pitohers can throw, Sweeny being the only <me who has heretofore been able to master and utilize it. HARBT PALHKB. RICHMOND, Ya., asserts that ibe ia the first city in the world to run, light and heat a car by electricity. Its new patent heaters have just been put in operation. Four heaters were arranged in series ruder the seats, having a radiating surface of fourteen square feet and an electrical resistance of 198 ohms. A current, equivalent to one horse power of energy, was obtained from the overhead wire, and though the day was cold and raw, the car wya heated oomfortably. Some Fanny Mistake*. The Listener has heard a story of a lady's confusion on Easter Sunday upon finding her pew occupied by44 tramps " which may bear repeating. She had entered the churoh only to find her pew crowded with people not one oi whom she had ever seen before. Her vexation must have been great, for she summoned the usher, who happened to be close at hand, and asked him, in a hoarse whisper. "Who is oeoupewing this py V .The odd blunder put all the people in the vicinity under the necessity of doubling up to keep from profaning the sacred place with laugh­ ter. This mistake reminds the Listener of a somewhat similar one made by the good Bishop Eastburn at a crowded wedding where some curious spectators at the back of the church so far forgot themselves as to stand on the seats. The Bishop, observing thia scandal, paused in the service and said, in b" most solemn tones: "Itemembering the sacred character of this house, let all who are present ait upon the floor and pnt their feat I «pon tha aeata!"--Boston Transcript, 8©m» sweeping claims are madi a "solution of the sewage difficulty," pro­ posed by a London engineer. His plan is to deodorize and precipitate sewage by the use of an agent which he vaguely describes as "essentially a chlorinated compound of the higher oxides of iron and possessing the remarkable pro­ perty of parting with a portion of its nascent oxygen in the presence of putrid organic matter, or of matters approaching putrescence, and has little chemical effect upon organic com­ pounds in a fresh state." He claims that this agent is prepared from easily obtainable materials and from this waste products of certain manufactures. It can, therefore, be cheaply produced on the spot where its use may be re­ quired. "Having accomplished its work upon the sewage water or other foul liquids, it then gathers up and reab« sorbs oxygen, either from the air dis­ solved in the fluids or by splitting up water into its elements, for its own re­ construction, in readiness again for further duty, and so on in perpetuity. * MAKING SOUND VISIBLE. Herr J. Puling of Vienna has devised an ingenious method of rendering visible the form of a stretched string set in vibration by having one of its ex­ tremities attached to the prong of a tuning-fork, which was kept in motion electrically, and gave a definite note, the pitch of which was carefully deter­ mined. The vibrating string was lighted by a vacuum tube connected with a Ruhmkorff coil, the rate of dis­ charge through the tube being alterable at will, and when this is made equal to a certain number of vibrations made by the string the latter was il­ lumined only when occupying some one definite position, and owing to the persistence of its image on the retina appeared as if at rest. In this way the shape of the string and the positions of the nodes and vertical segments were rendered clearly visible, BOPE-POWKR TRANSMISSION. Large electric-light stations have given a distinct impetus to the use of wire, hemp, or cotton rope running at high speed over a grooved wheel in­ stead of leather belting on flat-faced pullies. Among the advantages claimed for the rope transmitters is economy-- the rope costing about one-thirtieth as much as the leather belt; while tho former obviates the noise at high speeds, is very much lighter in weight* demands little attention compared with a belt. The latter requires a man in the business to put one on right, and sometimes they don't always do it right; any deviation ont of line of the shafting affects the belt, while it has no effect on a rope; the rope requires less room,and will pass through around hole little larger than its own diameter. FOOD VALUES. Prof, Atwater grades the relative value of various articles of food, ac­ cording to their oost in producing a given amount of muscular energy, with the following result: A mixture of wheat flour and corn-meal being the most valuable for this purpose is token as the unit, and costs, say, 1; oat-meal and beans, l£; 8-cent cheese, If; pota­ toes at 75 cents a bushel, U; fat sail pork, 2}; 15-cent cheese, 2i; rice and 8-cent beef, 2f; wheat bread, 3; salt oodtish, 3±; smoked ham, 3j; 11-oent mutton, 4; salt mackerel and 7-cent milk, 4i; 16-cent beef, 5; fresh codfish, 5i; freah mackerel, 6. The Rule ef Tfcnmk. "When daring the late war a story waa told of a contractor's wife having been aeen with a big diamond ring upon her thumb, it was thought to be a malicious invention of the enemy, few people knowing that 800 years ago it was the fashion to wear a ring upon the thumb Several of Queen Elizabeth's rings that are still extant and well identified are so large that tbere can be no doubt that they were thumb rings, It wps at about the same era the custom, indeed, not only to wear a ring upon <the thumb, but to wear the wedding ring there. The ouston in relation to wed­ ding* rings have, however, always been as strange as countless, ever since there have been wedding-rings at all. Mary Stuart was married to Lord Darnley with four rings, one not being sufficient. Twelve wedding-ringB were not considered an extravagant number among the early French nobles. The Greek Church still uses two in its cer­ emonial, and in some parts of the Pen­ insula three rings are used, each being put on with an abjuration to a separate member of the Trinity. We do not know that this is any more singular than a practice prevalent anywhere among ourselves for a woman who has been twice married to wear the wed­ ding-rings of both husbands, quite re­ gardless of the possibility of the first husband's apparitional return to claim her by means of the sign-manual he had once placed on her finger, and by which he might still hold her as bound to himself.--Harper's Bazar. s.Biisr# Jl . Measuring Thought. - A delicate electrical apparatus has been devised which measures and re­ cords the duration of time in 1-10,000 of a second. By its use it is possible to determine how long it takes to think. The process of thought varies in its degree of rapidity in difterent in­ dividuals, children and old persons thinking slower than people of middle age, ignorant people thinking more slowly than educated persons. In this way the experimenter, Dr. Cattell found he could measure the time it takes to perceive--that is, the time which passea from the moment when the impression reaches consciousness until the moment at which we know what it is. In hia own case he found that it took 1-20 second to see white light, 1-10 second to see a picture, 1-8 to see a letter, and 1-7 to see a work. "Will time," or time taken up in choos­ ing, can be measured. It takes 1-13 aecond to jadge between blue and red. The time of remembering can be measured. It takes 1-4 second to translate a word from one language to another when both are familiar. It has been demonstrated that sensation does not travel through the nerves to the brain so fast as has been supposed. _ Its speed is not much greater than sixty miles aa hour. OMAHA Man (in Indianapolis)--I am the inventor of a new kind of paving material, and would like to see one of the influential members of your City Council. Will you kindly direct me ? Native--With pleasure, mister. Take that car there, get off at the peniten- tiar, and ask for Sim Coy.--Omaha World. LITTLE Laura Jones, at Eatonton, Ga., is the latest baby wonder to be heard from. Although only li years old she has invented a plow and a grain elevator that are said to show remark­ able ingenuity. GOOD nature should load in tha list of --A son of Edwin Stone, of Cint Gordo, was struck by lightning and killed. --Mrs. William Waltey, living near Illiopolis, committed suicide by catting km throat. --William S. Phillips has been appoint­ ed Superintendent of the State Blind Asylum in Jacksonville. He is the son of the recent incumbent, the Sev. F. W. Phillips. --While some boys #ece eHmbing facts at Urban a two men come along and shot one of them, Bobert Gilmer, 14 years old, producing a bad wound in one of his legs. The fellows escaped. --Judge Wilkins' election as 8nf>reoie Court Judge, will result in the appoint­ ment of Judge C. B. Smith of Champaign as one of the judges of the Appellate Court at Decatur, as a vacancy will occur. --John Holmnn, Hugh Hadley and John Schanlin tried to shoot the dam in the Vermilion River at Pontiac in a small boat; The boat upset and Schanlin was dro%ned. The other two swam to shore. --The Central Illinois Millers' Associa­ tion held a meeting at Springfield, with thirty-seven firms represented, and formed a mutual protective association, adopting a constitution and by-laws similar to those adopted by the millers of Missonri. --John McFarland, an illiterate South Side Chicago saloon-keeper, who weighs three hundred pounds, had a wrestle with one hundred and sixty pounds of pluck dressed in blue and was badly worsted. He refused to close his saloon'at mid­ night. --Thomas Waggoner, of Jacksonville, charged *-:th accepting election bribes last fall, has been found guilty, ordered to be disfranchised for five years, confined hi the county jail for ninety days, and to pay the costs of prosecution. This is the first case under the new law. --Dr. A. C. Ferre, of Aurora, committed suicide by taking morphine, bnt the fact was not discovered until some time there­ after, as he lived by himself. He was a first lieutenant in Company A, Cavalry, Thirty-sixth Regiment Illinois Volunteers. He contracted rheumatism while in the. army, from which he has been a great suf­ ferer, at times being entirely disabled. He left letters to his wife and daughter and to Mr. Denney stating that he was of no use and did not wish to live and be a bur­ den to his friends. Many a soldier will remember Lieutenant Ferre as a kind- hearted comrade, generous to a fault, and will throw the mantle of charity over Use sad close of his earthly career. --The Hon. Horace S. Clark of Mattoon has been employed to assist in the prose­ cution of Frank Wscasser, who is in jail at Sullivan charged with mu&ering Jofaa Kline. --Lennie Johnson and Henry Holbeig, ssed 15, while playing in an elevator at Orion, Henry County, were caught in the chute and smothersd to death before thsy could be rescued. --Milton P. Funk, a wealthy fanner Of Maroa, and former Supervisor for that township, was kicked in the breast by a hone, while crossing a street in Dsoahir. Five ribs were fractured. --A tremendous rain and hall storm with cyolone trimmings scared Elgin and other towns throughout the State. The remote edge of the storm was felt in Chicago. Quinsy had the heaviest rainfall that it has known for fifteen yean, * --Amos Woodruff, whose fonersl waa held at Kockford, had been married longer tban any other man in the State, having been united to his wife in New Marlboro, « Mass., in January, 1818. He was a native of Watertown, Conn., where he was born Oct. 9, 1797. Mr. Woodruff was a da- . ' scendant of the Bev. William Woodruff, . who was the first settled pastor at Laa- . caster, Mass., and was serving there when | the celebrated Indian massacre oocuned. . Moving to New Marlboro, Mass., he waa f married there in 1818. Forty years ago he went to ltockford with his wife. He waa nevisr in any active business, bnt at ana time was well off. Reverses came, and at his death he was quite poor. His aged ' wife is still living, and it was the old gen­ tleman's request before he died that his remains be placed in the receiving vaults until his wife passed away, and then they shonld both be buried in one grave. --The jury in the murder trial, at Jack­ sonville. of Richard Berry brought in a - verdict Of five years in the penitentiary. The 22d of November last Berry shot Charles Rule in the Chicago and Alton Depot, in that city. Rule, aged 21 years, had been unduly intimate with Berry's wife, aged 33. Berry had been aware tat some ilreeks of what had been going on* and he warned Rale to stay away from hia house. The day of the shooting Mrs. Berry bad gone to the depot to see Rule, and Berry following her saw the two wett­ ing arm in arm. His wife left Bale, and tried to get her husband away from the depot He went a short distance and I returned, followed Rule into the walked up to him, and said: *You ruined my home," and, with thess shot him. Rale dodged behind a box, bat 1 Berry followed him, and shot him four :r times in all. Rule died the next aomias* --Fred M. Matthieson, son of C. H. Matthieson, and nepLew of the wealthy family of that name, bankers, refloat*, and smelters in New York, Chicago and LaSalle, committed suicide in his oflce at Odell by discharging a rifle with the aaus- zle placed against his right eye. When 15 years of sge he was sent to Germany to complete his education, but broke dowa * ander the severe mental strain and waa brought home and PIAM inanaaytva. Partially recovering his health h*'h<i0Ne the publication of the Odall Apertsr, which he continued until his death. He had been subject to fits of despondency, in one of whieh he took his lif* Ho wap about 24 years old. --Mr. John March, an intellegent ftgmai of White Oak Springs, has discovered a plan which he thinks will do away with the. necessity of dehorning cattle. He haa conceived the idea that the application of a certain chemical substance to the gacsa ' of the horn soon after the birth of th£~a&f~' will completely prevent the growth of born, and that no hom'will ever appear*' V He has tried the experiment OB feaitsM1. calves this spring. Some of thsas a«t over two months aid aadafrfcrnhfif!*:/I bscantogmw. m ' U * 1 S*' /. -fey A '< iu%. 'A.