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J. VAN SLYCE, Editor «X Publish*. 1MBKKBT, - - ILUKODV ACTORS are often egged off instead Of on intheir profession, r WHEN the girls take to marry each other they are carrying the leap year privilege too far. TASCOTT has beoci caught in Indian Territory, Samoa and Zanzibar are about the only spot^ remaining in which he has not been found. as Dr. Kecley says, drunkenness is a disease, is it to be regarded as contagious? Men who drink catch it when they get homel anyhow. sue is a growing con victloa that while Jefrry Simpson lfiiiy have less in his boots than many of his associates, inCongress, he has more in his head. ^fltrsTED, the New York legislator who says Chicago is more wicked than Loadviiie, will drum up a great many Wofi^'Jl iWr excursions if Jk^eps on. SS^ATbll PEFFEI? lie. hopes to see forty-story buildings in Chicago some day. The Senator's architec-, tural ideas arts m extravagant as Jus beard. ,: y NICARAGUA is to have the Louis­ iana lottery. This will give the peo­ ple of the United States a choice be­ tween two ditches in Nicaragua into which to dump their money. IF Mr. Rockefeller purposes giving the Chicago University 81,000,000 every time he gets over an illness it might be well to inoculate him with hay fever or some other recurrent ail­ ment. -• WHY destroy present happiness by a distant misery, which may never come atall, or you may never live to see it9 For every substantial grief has twenty shadows, and most of them shadows of your own making. THE clergyman who lust totters on the edge of heresy and the actress who has been the heroine of a divorce suit draw great throngs of admirers. The least suspicion of infidelity is rel­ ished alike by those who sit before the pulpit and before the footlights. A SENIOR in Columbia College has won fame by sending $2,000 worth of flowers in one night to a comic opera divinity. There is no use of the Chi­ cago University trying to compete with these Eastern institutions of learning by hiring $7,od?> professors. THE Chicago Herald has convicted Col. Ingersoll of clap-trap and plagiar­ ism in his speech on Abraham Lin­ coln. It would seem from the evi­ dence produced by the Herald that the Colonel is in the habit of gather­ ing telling saying? and bright para­ doxes from famous authors and firing them off as his own Oh good occasion. The speech in question seems to be a collection of such stolen goods slight­ ly disguised.* _i ---rt . THE Czar HAS' GRQJITGD ajS annual subsidy, of $860,000 to a Russian steamship company whjycti contracts to build vessels of a type that will be suitable for cruisers and transports in time of war. -No ftoubt the Russian Government cherishes Xeeljpg^. of the utmost gratitude to those foreign nations which have contributed freely to alleviate the sufferings of its fa- mine-stricken people, thus enabling the resources of the imperial treasury to be employed in the purchase of war material. air fear miles around; In its fall it buried from .sight forever a cattle-shed con­ taining forty cows and two China­ men. It trives.off great streams of molten metal that run down into the bed of "an extinct lake in which was recently found a petrified sea-serpent sixty feet in length, and is only a short distance from the great cave in the TTvrmnt.nins in which were form<3 the band of hibernating Indians, the last of the cliff dwellers." Persecution cannot keep Joe Mulhatton down. Genius crushed to earth wltf rise and assert Itself in a while. . . A NUMBER of shop-keepers in Bos­ ton's suburbs have been swindled by a couple of clever rascals who have worked the old coin dodge. The ad- vance agent in this game calls at a store in the guisoof a numismatist, interests the merchant in his calling, and leaves a coin catalogue for refer­ ence. In a day or two his compan­ ion in the game calls, makes a tri­ fling purchase and offers a coin in payment. Almost immediately he snatches it up again, explaining that it is a pocket piece and one that he would not care to part with. The s£ore-kceper, remembering the first caller, asks to See the coin, and a con­ sultation of the catalogue shows that it is valued at $25. After some hag­ gling the owner consents to part with the coin for $15. Of coruse the coin is worth its face value and the party of the first part never calls again. The store-keepers naturally objected to accumulating old silver at this pre­ mium, - , . • THE typhus epidemic in New York emphasizes the demand made long since for a more rigid enforcement of the restrictions on immigration. It is a glorious thing on the Fourth of July and other patriotic occasions to think and speak of this country as "a refuge for the oppressed of every land;?1 but it is a very dangerous thing to ma|cc it a refuge for the fever-stricken, the,pauper and the criminal. As jj^giutter of fact the "refuge" bUsiutJs in all its aspects has been greatly overdone in the past.' It is time to take more care for the safety and well-being of those now here. •. ' -- . (i A truthful correspondent tit the St. Paul Pioneer-Press at Hamilton, Mont., describes a meteor that fell in his vicinity. It drove itself 200 feet into the ground but still sticks up , 100 feet in the aixfaxj,d emits sulph 'V . "i . . . * It is proverbial that the amotitftt of skill, ingenuity and industry exercised by many of the so-called confidence men would produce far more satisfac­ tory results, even in dollars and centa, if applied in legitimate channels. An emphatic instance of the trouble a smart man will take to secure a small amoifatof money fraudulently was furnished in Chicago recently. A well-dressed man entered one of the large dry goods stores and represented that he wished to purchase $5,000 worth of goods for cash, to be shipped toJJ Western town, where he was to open a new business. For two days he worked assiduously making selec­ tions, exhibiting throughout a knowl­ edge of the business and much per­ spicacity as a buyer. Finally he hired one of the clerks who had been wait­ ing on him to accompany him to the Western town to take charge of a de­ partment in the new s'ore. He de-. manded of this clerk $17 prelimi­ narily for the securement of a guar­ anty bond. The clerk's salary was to be $2,000 a year, and he put up the $17 without a murmur. Then the sharper vanished, leaving the goods unpaid for and practically unbought, and the clerk whistling for his money. Counting the two days which the con­ fidence man spent in the feint of pur^ chasing a stock and the time it took him to concoct and perfccfcthescheme he-must have employed at least a week in securing that $17. Thousands of. honest men with a tenth of hfs talent are earning twice that amount every week of their lives. ENGLAND is aroused as to the wisdom and need of making a great display of her resources at the World's Fair, and her colonics are besieging her with requests for large allow­ ances of space. Indeed, New South Wales, according to Sir .Henry True- man Wood, asks for 300,000 feet of space in the building erected by Great Britain, and other colonies for 200,000. "What," asks Sir Henry, "are we to d«?->Is the mother to be crowded out altogether?" It is not likely that she will be. But, while on this subject, we learn from The Australian Manufacturer, of Decem­ ber last, that delegates from the Chamber of Manufacturers^ the Ar­ tists' Society, the Wool Growers' As­ sociation, and the Central Australian Wine Association, have assembled in Melbourne and passed resolutions calling on the Prime Minister of the co'.ony to urge the legislature "to make a proper appropriation for the erection of an Australian building on the World's Fair grounds, and also to appoint a colonial commission for the proper carrying out of the ob­ ject." The embryo empire of the Southern Pacific should be, aria doubtless will be, more fitly represented than would be possible in the space allotted to Great Britain. From England, as from all European countries, comes promises of a par­ ticularly interesting electrical dis­ play, and the selection of Sir Fred­ erick Leighton, President of the Ro^al Academy, as Chairman of the Fine Arts Exhibition is a sufficient assurance of a liberal display of Brit­ ish sculpture and painting. Agri­ culture, mines, and manufacturers, almost from neccssitj'. will be amply represented, and what the British wOmen can do will be shown fully to her sisters of other nations, the. Woman's Work Committee being composed of some of the ljiost prac­ tical as well as some of the highest- born of the realm. Britannia will come in g£?4t state to visit Columbia in 1893. " Whon tm I'aiaMea i l<>url«h» People who think that the free- pass business is carried to extremes in the United States should note how they do it in Russia. Tne Railroad Gazette says that the Russian rail­ roads have been accustomed to give free passes not only to their em­ ployes, but to relatives of their em­ ployes, a practice which may have- been heard of on this side of the Afc- lantic. The term, "relative," how­ ever, has been found to be ex­ tremely elastic, and recently the great Russian Company put its foot down and issued positive orders that passes will be granted to no other relatives of employes than their wives, though a trifling reduction of 70 per cent, on the prices of tickets will be made to the parents, brothers and sisters of employes and of their wives, but all aunts, cousins, and stepmothers must pay full fares. If your brother receives a salary of as much as 1,500 rubles ($750) from the company you can tret vour discount only on first-class tickets; if he has from 360 to 1,500 yon have second- class tickets; if less than 360 rubles, third-class tickets. llallns Cot<on. Our cotton-packers shduld take les­ sons in India. It is said cotton baled according to the Indian method will, not burn. Chambers' Journal stati that a well-known cotton authority has stated as his opinion that "\v! as with an American bale the sun est spark in the wind would cause* destruction, if you give me an 1 bale you may cook my dinner harjft will happen to S'. PACTS ABOTJT THE TARIFF. IMf»jpPTANT QUESTIONS POIWT- 41 KPL.Y ANSWERtD. ' An Interesting Report on Tnrra Xorft- (CMW--TK« Reanlts of tkt Itoelalo* «• the McKlalej L»«~PlotuM u4 graph*- • iK A Vnr Q«*ttlaM Aaiwaral, iu'i >V Who pays iha tariff 7 Is tua tariff a tax? It depends upon the kind of tariff. If 4 revenue or free trade tariff, such as the former doty on sugar or tin plate, we pay it all; il a protective tariff, we may pay a part of the duty at first, but eventually the foreigner pays nearly if not quite all of it on goods actually im­ ported. If wo prefer to boy English poods, however, even though "the Amer­ ican goods are better and cheaper, then, of course wo pay the duty. Ask the Canadian farmer who pays the American duty. Ask the Sheffield manufacturer, the Chemnitz workmen, the pearl button makers of Vienna, the tin -plate makers of Wales, the for­ eign manufacturers of siik and linen and cutlery, and scores of other articles. They will all admit that they pay the duty if they put the goods on our mar­ ket. Here is an admission from the New York Times of February 2,1891. We produce it as good free-trade testi­ mony indorsing our own HmTiiiina: A statement issued by the Department of Agriculture, giving the exports to the United States from Canada for the year 1890, shows that the Dominion exported •11 .21^018 worth ot agricultural piodncls to the United states last year. The aver­ age rate of duty collected by the United States customs upon agricultural products is about 20 per cent., and it is easy (o prove from the speeches of Sir John Macdonald and other Conservative leaders that the duties imposed by the Americans upon Canadian products exported to the United States come out of tiie pockets of the Canadian farmers, flence we find that during the liscal year lbSK) no less than $2,243,800--that is 20 per cent, of 811.219,018 --went into the Washington treasury, which would have gone into the pockets of Canadian fanners it the Dominion enjoyed unrestricted reciprocity. It seems useless to pursue the matter further. In the face of the many arti­ cle? for les? *!>«»»» tho. free trader still cries, 'The tariff is a tax." I? the tariff on wire nail? a tax selling at $1.90 a keg, while the duty is $2? Is the tariff on a yard of calico a tax, selling at 4£ cents, while the duty is 5 cents? Is the tariff on a yard of cloth a tax, selling at 75cents, while the duty is 87j cents? Question Ko. s. Bow do yon reconcile pro­ tection with reciprocity? if reciprocity it tiood for a tew countries, why not lor *11? Protection levies duties on articles which we produce at home, in order to preserve American industries and the higher wages of American working- men. It also removes duties from all articles which we do not ourselves pro­ duce, because the dnty on them is an unnecessary and burdensc^me tar to the consumer. I Reciprocity removes the duty from articles which we do not produce, and at the same time gets concessions from foreign countries by which they reniove or lower their import duties on our products exported to them. Protection guards the products of our labor at home. Reciprocity opens to the products of our labor a market abroad. One is the handmaiden of the othpft Question No. 4. The Hon. Wm. M. Springer,' Chklrmuu of the^vays and meuiu coiumittee, makes the following RiHiemenis in the Febru­ ary North American Kevlew. Please explain them: * "The imports of wool for the ten months ending October 30, 1890 "(the McKinley bill took effect October, 0, 1890), amounted to 88,000,000 pounds, while the imports for the ten months ending October 30,1891--the ten months next after the passage of the bill--were over 119,000,000 pounds, an increase of over o() per centum. "For the ten months ending October 30, 1890, the imports of woolen goods were valued at over $49,000,000, while those for the ten months ending Octo­ ber 30,1891, were valued at only $29,- 000,000, a decrease of over 41 per cent­ um. It also appears that the price of wool has averaged from 2 to 3 cents a pound less since the passage of the Mc­ kinley bill than it was when the bill passed." It is true that during the last calendar Jear our imports of raw wools ot all inds were greater than in 1890 by 30,- 03t>,899 pounds, about the rate of in­ crease given by Mr. Springer. This is the fact that seems to puzzle our corre­ spondent. It ought not to. The United States consumes annually about 000,000,000 pounds of raw woof. We grow about one-half of this quan­ tity, or 300,000,000 pounds, and import all the rest. Some of it, about 100,000,- 000 pounds, we have been in the habit of importing in an uumanufactured form, and of importing the rest in a manufactured form as woolen goods. The framers of the McKinley law saw that the great evil tbey'had to remedy was the importation o? woolens, which not only displace American wool just as really as do importation of raw wool, but also the labor which should receive employment making the imported ar­ ticle here. "If we do not grow wool enough, lor our own use," they said, "then let us import the raw wool in­ stead of the finished product, and so give work to our own people instead of lo foreigners." The result has been about ft* was ex­ pected. During the year ending De­ cember 31,1891, our imports of manu­ factures of wool were about $20,000,000 less than they were the year before. Here was an increase of 00,000,000 I>ounds in the demand of this country or raw-wool to make similar goods in thii country. Manufacturers necessari­ ly went abroad for part of their Bupply, for our own wool growers did not pro­ duce enough last year to supply it. The good effect of tne tariff in shield­ ing our farmers from this world-wide fall in p rices appears in the fact that from January 4, 1890,-to February 6, 1892, wool fell in the London market 19 per cent, on an average, and only 4 1-3 per cent, in this country between the same dates. It would be equivalent to a fall of 5J cents on a pound of wool, worth 23 cents, as against 1 cent on wool of the same price in this coun­ try--not 2 to 3 cents, as Mr. Springer says. ; Arm Mortgage*. ' There are few, if any, public questions that have received as much attention, and been the subject of so much discus­ sion in the newspapers and by poli­ ticians as the farm indebtedness of the Westefn states. There has been a studious and per­ sistent effort to create an impression that the farm indebtedness is peculiar; that farm property not only was bur­ dened with mortgages; but that this in­ debtedness was an evidence of distress, and farm indebtedness was more op­ pressive ana disastrous than the indebt- ss of other classes of citizens, and ~ failure. None of these state- assertions, oft repeated as been, are sustained by the o live in towns and in cities money to buy homes, to bnild transact business. facturers and merchants borrow amounts and mortgage their i, their factories, their stores, and stocks, and, in a large majority of their securities, be they mort- on real estate or personal proper- evi^ences of ttewi widen are expected to and realise fains to the borrower as well as interest to the lenders. Undoubtedly farmers, as well as men of other avoca­ tions, sometimes borrow injudiciously, and mortgages on the farm, home, fact­ ory orstockbecomesa burden. The farmer is not less shrewd, indus­ trious, economical and careful than the men of other avocations, and, as a-rule, is less in debt, has a better home, and is more successful than the average busi­ ness man. There are less failures smons farmers than amor,5 ^ny other class. It appears from the report o! the comptroller of the currency that In one day alone tne loans by fortv-soven banks in New York City on real estate and other securities amounted to 110,551. In Chicago in one day twentv- one banks loaned $87,565,897. Nine banks loaned in St. 1-011 is in one day $27 ,864,107, and 7,677 banks in the cities and towns September 25, 1891, loaned out $1,989,354,240. This does not include half of the banks or the immense sums loaned by individuals. Let it be noted these loans were the transactions of but one day. The loans on real estate and other se­ curities made by 4,989 state savings, pri­ vate banks, and loan and trust compa­ nies during the last fiscal year amount­ ed to $2,060,407,667. Furthermore, in the states where there is apparently a large farm in­ debtedness there is likewise a large in­ debtedness in other real estate, such as city «nd town lots. In a recent ro- poi t from iae Ceusus Oilice ou ihis sub­ ject of farm, homes and mortgages it ap­ pears that in the state of J.owa, of a total real estate indebtedness of $199,774,171, the mortgageson ac.-ea were $14i >, 457,144, J JIT /l*V 1 ;•> J nuu wtISP wu « u %v n uo «uu cities. In Kansas $174,720,071 was on acre property and $68,426,755 was on town- lots. In Illinois $165,289,112 was on acre property and $219,010,038 on lots. It is a fket that the older the communities the greater are the debts in towns and cities as compared with the indebtedness on farm property. The Chicago debt atone waB $191,000,000, or $16,000,000 more than the entire farm indebtedness of Kansas, or $41,OOtMJOO more than the farm indebtedness of Iowa. From this same bulletin issued by the Census Office it^appears that about 70 per cent, of the money borrowed on farm mortgages in Kansas was for the pur­ chase ot real estate and improvements, nearly fi n«r c«nt; for business^ and only about 2} per cent, farm and lamily en- penses, the balance to purchase live1 stock and ether personal property. In Iowa the percentage of mortgages'given for purchase of real estate and im­ prove ments was about 87 per cent, of the farm indebtedness. In Illinois the percentage of indebtedness used in the nurchase of real estate and in improve­ ment was about 80. It will be seen that a very large portion of the indebted­ ness represents thrift and n6t distress, the acquisition of more property and better conditions by improvements, new machinery and more live stock. From the annual circular of R. G. Dun & Co., of the failures of the United States for the calendar year 1891, we learn that the number "of failures in business in Massachusetts was 7<>4, and the amount of liabilities was $13,873,921. In Kansas the number of failures was 275 and liabilities were $5,625,331. In Pennsylvania, 1,383 and liabilities, $25,- 447,587. In Illinois, 531 and liabilities $6,303,814. In Connecticut, number of failures 185 and liabilities $2,719,020. In ldwa, riumber of fiailures 1S5 and liabil­ ities $1,267,704. It will be remembered that Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, and Connecticut are great manufacturing states, are much older, their business methods more settled, and they have accumulated more wealth by tho sav­ ings of over 100 years. They were not 1 stressed by loss of crops, and yet in hose three' manufactuiing states the failures in 1891 amounted to 2,240 and the liabilities were of the large amount of $42,040,528, while the number of fail­ ures in the three agricultural states of Illinois, Iowa and Kansas was 991, and the Utilities amounted to $13,196,849. Therefore 1,249 more failures and $28,- 843,679 more liabilities in the three man­ ufacturing states than in the three agri­ cultural states. Furthermore, it appears from the ui- nual report of the commissioner of la­ bor statistics of the state of Connecti­ cut that the per cent, of profit realized on capital invested in several leading manufacturing enterprises during 1890 was as follows: Cotton 6.14; woolens, 7.57; leather goods, 6.28; rubber goods, 3.42; clocks, 2.13; buttons, 7.49; general hardware, 8.10, or an average of not quite 6 per cent, on the capitei invested in these seven industries. The farmers of the West would not be content, if from a capital of $10,00D in­ vested in farm and stock, thev realized but $600, or $90:) from $15,000, $1,200 from an investment of $20,000, or $1,800 from an investment of $30,000, out of which they must pay their family ex­ penses, ana all other expenses, educa­ tion of children, etc., as do owners of capital invested in the manufacturing industries. This is one reason why larue amounts of money of the Eastern states seek investment in the West, be­ cause the returns are larger than from investment in manufacturing industries. It is needless to say that the careful, diUgent farmer and stock raiser realizes on the average a much larger per cent, on his investment, as he justly should, besides having his home and the sup­ port of his family. He has much more of real content and comfort and less of the anxieties of life. It may not he anliss here to give a few fycts that indi­ cate the progress and prosperity of the agricultural interests of the United States. The value of the.wheat crop is given by the Agricultural Department at $513,472,711; corn crop at $836,439,228; oats at $232,312,267. These crops alone were worth $1,582,224,206, and the same authority estimates the crops of theee cereals in 1891 as worth about $300,- 000,000 more than the crops of same ce­ reals of 1890. The products of these ce­ reals in 1891 in Illinois were worth about $148,000,000; in Iowa, $154,000,000; in Kansas, $110,000,000. If all the prod­ ucts of the soi 1 and live stock interest were included, these values would be more than doubled in each of these three states or close to if not quite $1,000,000,- 000. Who can truthfully say the farm­ ers of the West are not now enjoying prosperity, and it is only a matter of a short time when they can pay all in­ debtedness or borrow money, when they wish at much lower rates than heretofore^ The Retalta of th* lleoialona Toaeklac the McKinley Law, Let UB" look back a little. The Demo­ cratic victory of 1890 was won largely up­ on the assertion that the McKinley tariff and tho Dingley worsted bill were unconstitutional. Men professedly of great knowledge in the law, not in the chief importing cities only, but in other parts ot the country, including conspic­ uous members of the Senate and House, staked their reputation as lawyers on the assertion that these acts wore not mere­ ly inexpedient, as they claimed, but plainly in violation of the constitution. Yet the supreme court of the United States, Democratic and Republican jus­ tices agreeing, decides by a unanimous vote that both these acts are constitu­ tional and valid. Another great advantage which the Democrats had in the elections of 1890 was that the action of Congress on many important measures was declared un­ co nBtitntional because the Speaker counted members as present who were ,t... Who does not remember the ries of Democrats at that peaker Reed was a tyrant, il^and how the one-man ln tbe House most be re­ buked bj tbe peoptef BecstNe * Ile- mtblican niajomy took to itself the powei* to control legislation, and to make eflfcettre the witt of the people in the previous oongreesional elections, this infamoes usurpation, it was said, must be put down, or the liberties ot the people would bo sacrificed. This notion actually caught many thousand innocent voters, who imagined that a rule of the House must be quite out­ rageous because Democrats had never adopted it. But now the United States nuptdivid Utjiuw.MHi; ami Repub­ lican justices agreeing, unanimously de­ cides that the action of Speaker Reed was,constitutional and of unquestiona­ ble Validity. So it was said that reciprocity was a fraudulent and worthless trick; that Congress had no power to intrust the HOLDING THEIR GRAIN. MANY BUSHELS OP WH«AT IN ' GROWERS* HANDS. Information Betaidlng 1h« DiitHbatlak of Wheat and Corn-HljtgMt Staierr* on Reoord -860,000,000 B«ah«ls of C«ra ViM by Ifermn.. ', •* "_<• Government Gray Report ", * ,*.1. '-,.11 I 'J I L 'JJ, tho wheat and com by the oUtLioiicLui of the Department of Agriculture makes the stock of wheat in growers' hands 171,000,000 bushels, or 28 per cent, of the crop; 63,000,000 of spring wheat, and 108,000,000 of winter wheat, muoh , of the latter in States which have prac- Pregident with the responsibility of de- tically no commercial distribution, but ciding whether the conditions upon I entering Into local consumption for which a legislative set depended had I bread and seed. This 1s the largest re- been met. There were some people J serve ever reported, that of the largest who really considered it about the : previous crop, in 1884, being 169,000,000 bushels. The exports from July 1 to March 1 were 164,000,000 bushels, the fall seed 26,000,000 bushels, the con­ sumption apparently 200,000,000 bush­ els, but a large proportion is taken for consumption in the fall and winter, and the actual consump­ tion is disproportionately greater than in the spring and summer. The assumed consumption from March 1, 1891, to March 1, 1892, is 300,000,000 bushels for a population of 64,300,000; the exports, 206,1)00,000 bushels; the seed, 56,000,000 'iW v *• ILLINOIS OPBSR OR STARTLING, FULLY RECORDED. Incendiarism at Wavcrfy--Btwtnmn afli •nraace Companies--Tarn kj HUt Owj î l)o(-CnMc<l the Sea lo Wad th Sweetheart--SnUden worst and most revolutionary thing the last Republican Congress had done. But the United States ^ipreme court now decides that it was ^unquestionably constitutional, and in that decision one of the Democratic and all the Repub­ lican justices concur. These decisions come in good time to help reasonable voters in the judgment they have to formthis year regarding the two parties. They happen to ac­ cord, moreover, with tho exceedingly emphatic decisions of the Democratic judges in the state of New York regard- i £S8',"t,tvwovoortelb!?rd m-- party as acting carefully and scrupulous- j ^ A, L i1 H!e» S ?8' j *re fy within its constitutional powers, even ; 27,000,0( 0 bushels not accounted for in the most difficult e>m?rgencie8, and 1 P^viously, which came in the unpreoe- ' ' •> • • • >' » ! dontod Bni<A«9iin<r nf al! anrta nf Tnearrna wuwuuiujj imiy ior nuai » Huu i j- - -- right. They disclose also the impudent, « mainly from the always uncounted lawless and law-resisting spirit of the stock8 of flour between mill and mouth lis a distribution of 562,000,000 Democratic party in national as well state affairs.--Neu> York Tribune. It is worthy of note in connection with these decisions to say that one of the greatest speeches made in the Sen­ ate on the reciprocity clause of the Mc­ Kinley act was tha,t of Senator John C. Spooner; efi September 8, 1890. He took decided grounds in its favor, and not only combated the. theory of the Democratic senators but that of Senator Evarts, So a majority of the supreme court has sustained Col. Spooner's asgu- ment on the constitutionality of the re­ ciprocity clause. Xiaaee<t Oil an<t the Tariff. Here is an object lesson for the free trade theorists. When they say that prices go up when the duties are in­ creased iet them read the following from the Economist: The duty on linseed oil was increased from 25 to 32 cents a gallon by the Mc­ Kinley act of October 1, 1890. Accord­ ing to a iree trade paper the price of linseed oil during the year before, 1889, compares as follows with the price dur­ ing last year under that act: raiCBFEa'oAM-ON OP LINSKBD OIL IN NEW YORK. Price while Price siiico the duty W M 25 duty of S2 ctx. A cts. per gal. gal. took effect. 188% l.ts. 1890. Cta. b8 November 6S and from small uncounted stocks be­ tween the f rmers' granaries and the visible supplies. The average weight of wheat is 58.5 pounds per measured bushel, which is the estimated weight of the crop of 1887, and is 9-10 of a pound above the average of eight previous years. The estimated quantity of corn in farmers' hands is 860,000,000 bushels, or 41.8 per cent, of the crop. This is the largest proportion ever reported, that of 1889 excepted, which was 45.9 per oent., or 970,000,000 bushels. The seven principal States have a surplus of 546,000,000 bushels, 'imp* Hie From Far and ' AT Vandaiia Ro?s Locke «as . ac ted of murdering Charles Stotie, defense being admitted. WILLIAM PICKETT, a young near Yandalia, attempted suicide. Sweetheart had jilted him., Mas. ALFRED MASSEY, of MorgsiL County, fell dead of heart disease. W. "W. Shepherd, a leading shorthorn breeder, also died suddenly. VOIIXA WHITE, a Chicago teamster* had an ugly bulldog for a pet. He a$ far forgot himself as to kick the brute^ The dog tore White's throat so that hto will probably die. AT Mascoutah Mrs. Barbara Pehl found dead at her home. Death is i posed to have been caused by a i of apoplexy. Her husband met deaftfct in a runaway accident a few years FREDERICK RIESS, a prosperous (Jer** man farmer of Marissa, has long led tb| lonely life of a bachelor. Recently h* decided to make a change. A blue-eye^ school girl, the ideal of his boyho«j| days, arose to his mind, and he wrot# to ,the fatherland to inquire of his sweets heart of long ago. The answer cam# that she had been married, but wae ac widow. A handsome, middle-aged iHdtr came to Marissa. It was Mrs. Wiea, She had traveled across the sea to marry her schoolboy sweetheart. DEC. 25 the west side of the square at ^ Waverly was burned: The other niglufc fire broke out between W. C. Fleming"* drug and Dennis & Leake's grocery stores and burped Fleming's drug storey a two-story building owned by JohBi Skehanan, and two-story blocks oecUfc pied by Dennis A Leake and T. Micham%" clothing store. W. C. Fleming barely escaped with his life, his hair and bearv being entirely burned off. M.iyor W0#*^' pie received a letter saying: "Stop tkMT Sturgis case or the town will biri*." The Sturgis case is a whisky-peddlinjg H •••a £ 'i or 41.5 per cent, of their product, against I one and the Mayor paid no attention to January. hebru*ry-M March M April......... 68 May bit * n.iiiM AO -- » August 60 September. 80 October 60 November 60 December -- do 1830. Janu*ry_...^»....... Co hebruary 61 March 61V» April fc! MH V 6'2 June 62 Jwly 62 August 61 September 60 October. 62 the McKinley law begun to be felt about this timet and mark the re­ sult: December, 8f 189L January. 67 February...... OS March 86 April 67 May 6? June 61^ July 4. «i> August. September.... October November....... December....... January. ..w February. 42 ..... 4a 8SK ..#*... 87 -Z... 87 1892. ...... 87 87 "fc>, but," your free trader retorts, "s trust controlled prices during 1889, which went to pieces soon after the new tariff took effect." To which we reply: That piece of information doeB not help the free trader's casA He calls the Mc­ Kinley law the father ol trusts, yet here we have him arguing that the trust which was possible before become im­ possible so soon as it appeared on tbu{|i and the proceeds, minus the costs scene. and charges, shall be^ paid into 66.7 of the great erop of 1889. The pro­ portion merchantable is the largest ever reported, 88.5 per cent , Against 85.7 two years ago. The average of eight pre­ vious crops is 82 per cent., and the low­ est average 60 for the frosted crop of 1883. Tho present average farm price of merchantable corn is 39.2 cents per jtmahfil; of unmerchantable, 25.7 cents. | PURE POOD AND DRUGS. Salient Points or the BUI Whleh Has Passed the Senate. The Paddock pure food bill has been passed by the Senate. Its object is to secure along the lines of interstate commerce the guarantees against fraud­ ulent adulterations which are now fur­ nished by some of the States and which it is in the power of all the other States to provide for their citizens. Its most salient terms are in substance that every person who manufactures and de­ livers for shipment to any point outside the State or Territory any drug or arti­ cle of food, and every person who exposes for sale or delivers such drug or article of food outside the State or Territory in which it is manufactured, shall, on de­ mand, furnish a sample of the same for examination or analysis under the direc­ tion of the Agricultural Department. Such articles as are found to be adulter­ ated, within the meaning of the act, and are transported or being transported from one State to another for sale and are still in the original or unbroken packages, shall be liable to be proceeded against in the District Court of the United States and seized for confisca­ tion or condemnation. If condemned as being adulterated they shall be sold, Pietare* and Paragraph*. Since the McKinley tariff passed, Hen­ ry Graham, a manufacturer of pearl but­ tons, Newark, N. J., has invented a process of decorating, in consequence of which the former price of $1-T) per grots id for large decoratei duced to buttons has been re- 130 per gross for an equally desirable domestic button. What a tax the tariff has proved itself in this case to be sure ! Do you know that the beet sugar in­ dustry now supplies more than one-half the world's sugar product? Well, it does, and it is an industry that was cre­ ated and fostered solely by protective government bounties. Germany has tried the bounty system with conspicu­ ous success. In 1871 she produced 180,- 442 tons of beet sugar. ' In 1890 her product, developed un­ der government protection, was 1,213,- 689 tons. D vff e pay to Germany lor beet sugar annually that we ought to pay to our own farmers. Yet the anti- American free trade party is clamorous against the principle of government protective bounties, by which some of the greatestindustries of the world^have been created. Here is an item from the New York Times, a free trade paper: "Now the country is un precede ntodiy wealthy. Its debt has dwindled to an insignifi­ cant amount, and its creditors are ready to extend their loans at 2 per cent. We have a currency everv dollar ot which is worth a dollar in gold. We have all the specie we want, and can get ail that we need. We are feeding the world. We are powerful, rich, prosperous, practically out of d^bt." This is giving the free trade calamity criers dead away, and no Republican paper could have done it better. The cotton planters of the South, who are just at present experiencing some of the disastors of over-production, should carefully weigh Mr. Gladstone's advice to the people ot the United States, as expressed in his famous ar­ ticle on "Protection or Free Trade," in the North American Review, about a year ago. "In America," said Mr. Gladstone, "you produce more cloth and more iron at high prices, instead of more cereal? and more cotton at low prices." What "more eerealsand more cotton at low prices" means we have learned to our cost. But what does England care ? So long as she obtains raw materials cheaply, it makes no dif­ ference to her whether the producer of those raw materials starves or not. And yet moBt of these very cotton planters are free traders. Wood Made Eatable. Wood is used in making an eatable dfcd nutritious food by Dr. Krug, a Ger­ man physician, whose method consists in transforming the cellulose into grape sugar and adding to this about 40 per cent, of meal of wheat, oats or rye. Phosphates and all bone elements may also be introduced. The wood-glucose bread is intended for cattle, to be used in place of oil-cake and similar prepara­ tions. OP the 14,119 miles of railway which are opened in England and Wales, 9,094 have double or more rails, and 5,025 single. In Scotland, however, the pro- very different. There, of the 272 are double, and 1,870 And in Ireland the matter Be; therejJjMHHHiailes inst 2,189 a iAr,'.. ..tip* • if: the United States Treasury. A trial by jury may be demanded. It is bolieved ' by the advocates of the measure that if it become a law this pro­ vision, which can bo enforced against the article itself, will effectually prevent the transportation of fraudulent adulter- ; ations across State lines. They say , that with such a rod hanging over him a . man who is conscious of having In his I possession adulterated food within the I meaning of the statute never will ven­ture to send those goods across a State line for sale and disposal. It was ex- j plained by Mr. Paddock that in framing the measure sufficient care had been taken in regard to the publication of [ analyses so as to prohibit the I mention of the name of the person or corporation that is under sus­ picion. There is to be no publica­ tion of such analysis until after the trial and conviction of the person. There will thus be no Invitation to competitors in trade or individuals who might through spito work feel like entering complaints against others who are manufacturing different commodities to inform against them without sufficient reason. The measure was strongly objected to as tending to interfere with the con­ sumption of cotton-seed oil and some other substances which are used in compound food products on a large scale and are widely claimod to be .equally healthful as the material for which they are complete or partial substitutes. But if such claim be a correct one the products ought to be offered for sale on their merits, and no honest manufactur­ er should object to being obliged to label or otherwise designate his goods in ac­ cordance with fact. The rights of con­ sumers of food and drugs ought to be considered, and they constitute a much more numerous class than the manu­ facturers and venders put together. The person who pays out, his money for an article has the right to know what he is buying, to choose for himself whether he or she will take the genuine thing or another thing which is guaranteed to be "just as good." Especially should this right be jealously guarded in the case of material to be taken into the system. This an<l That. TgtE Blarney stone is not a sham rock. CABBIES everything before him-- A waiter." A HAPPY "tight" spoils a toper's appetite. AXY cbef should be able to carve a name for himself. ON the war-path--Pedestrians on a dilapidated board-walk. DON'T trifle with the barber; he is generally able to hold his hone. A POOB apology is about as un­ satisfactory as a plate of limber lee cream. WHY should pawnbrokers be re­ viled? Do they not keep all their pledges? IN the matter of "laying oat," the undertaker isn't "in ' it" with the tramp. IT is quit ̂natural that the man who gives away advice can't use it himself. THE man who has lived for him­ self has privilege ot being his only the letter and prosecuted the case, fk is almost known who wrote the letter, and a lynching was talked of. AUDITOR PAVEY has issued a surn^ mary of the business done and tibip standing of the fire and marine insnr* anoe companies doing business in thfeli State. Seven joint stock companies of this State wrote $77,926,073 in risks, re­ ceived $1,047,897 in premiums, and patt $455,369 of losses. Joint stock ooofr- paniesof other States wrote $645,337,4W* of risks in Illinois, received $7,043,696 in premiums, and paid $3,419,708 of loss s. Foreign companies with Untteft States branches wrote $330,396,337 IS risks in Illinois, received premium, amounting to $2,844,356 and paid dp losses $1,407,477. Mutual companies of this State wrote risks amounting tiff $3,753,358, received in premiums $147,95®r. and paid $557,344 on losses. Mutual1'v.^ companies of other States wrote risks : in Illinois amounting to $21,245,861, re­ ceived $171,615 on premiums, and losses aggregating $68,235. Plate glass, guarantee, steam boiler and live stock . insurance companies wrote risks »mount*-* • • ing to $109,737,482, received on premium^ " $872,430, and paid on losses $365,723. J THE case of the village of Bentott against James "Wolverton for selling whisky will go down in history. Mr. W olverton took a change of venue frost the city courts to Esquire Mulkey'a court. The proceedings were as usual until the court rendered judgment against Mr. Wolverton, fining him $3® and costs. Immediately Wolverton left the room end made a desperate break for freedom. Mr. England, the marshals is a big 200-pounder, and, shouting into the court-room for help, he made a dash for his horse and started in pursuit. William Hart, the city attorney, rushed out. He is an old-time athlete aoA holds a record of ten and one-half see- 4 onds. Taking in the situation at it glance he hastened to join in the erosa~ • country free-for-all. Wolverton, havv * ing some three hundred yards the start* seemed likely to reach the woods befoi* being overtaken. Squire Mulkey, seo» ing the advantage of Bhort cuts, leaped." on a horse standing near, and clearing fences with a bound was soon ahead ot the prisoner and between him and liberty. Marshal Ragland bore dowik from the north and Attorney Hart coat­ ing up from behind the bird ws4 hemmed. Mr. Wolverton, after vain eflorts to give security for fine and costs, paid and left town. Judge Mulkey, Marshal Bagland, and Attorney... Hart are the heroes of the hour. <, ;• ,, WMIIIAM WHITLOW end Miss Caro»v.. line S. Smith, of Harvel, were marrie^ MISS FANNIE CARKEB, of Benton, anA Mr. C. E. Jointer, of Ewing, were mar­ ried. ! MAYOB THOMPSON, of Qulncy, laid the corner stone of the new Gem City Business College. SKVEKAL weeks ago L. F. Thrushefv ;; Mayor of Golden, Adams County, m|* fined $25 and costs by the United States Court for selling liquor without paying the Government tax. He was gives thirty days in which to raise the money. He appeared at Springfield asking as extension of time, i his was denied and he was committed to jail in default *£ payment of fine and costs, amounting til; something over $100. x' . "THE recent cold snap has played ths' " mischief with the peach crop in Southern Illinois. Witn the exception of a few late varieties the peaches have all bees >, killed. Other fruits are all right, and the growing wheat crop has not been iit» jured." So says a report from coutah; but the following from Cairo Sp | different: "Snow is falling quite heav|> ly in this section, an unusual event, bult ' ; expert fruit growers from Pulaski and Union counties say that it will not hurt strawberries, and peach trees have ndfc yet reached a point where serious dan*- i ^ age can be done by any tempcraturS ' above zero." 1 THE Republican County Committee Bock Island County decided upon hold*- • • ing two oounty conventions this year. > One will be held April 19 to select dels* •{ gates to the State and Congressional; 3 convention, and a second later in tt||. ; ' year to nominate county officers. JK 1 ? l n 1 s. |;i fja z§m •"A -" $ AT Lincoln, a lot costing $4,0©rt was bought as a site for a new hotel and opera house to cost $75,000. The pur- , < , chase was made for J. T. S. Brown, th* -<* millionaire distiller, of Louisville. Ky.»> <, %' who is associated with local capitalists , in the enterprise. The building will bt» ^ completed this year. THE managers of th^ Wabash fa-r cir-» , cuit selected their dates as follows;: ; ^ Barry, Aug. 2 to 5; Griggsviile, Aug. $ , . 1 to 13; Jacksonville, Aug. 22 to 26; Rood- ' sj, house, Aug. 20 tj Sept. 1; Sept. 5 to 9 at, Springfield. jf; AT the Democratic County Committer "1 meeting at Bonk Island, a resolution was adopted declaring adherence to th*» principles enunciated in President '-U Cleveland's message to Congress itt $4, 1887, to the Democratic national pl*t» ',V form of 1888, and sympathy with ths ^ declarations of the Cook County Dem­ ocracy in indorsing Senator Juka Palmer for the Presidency, and inviting Jo Democrats of Illinois toeo -the v«".. .J.