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W4 BY J. B. GAINING -v^» , ^ Miitpi® i! **? ' ijfe 4ai JdŜ mflU v>+ *2ss.l£ijfei -» •*-»*>•;-.'&&v-- wt&x&k*.-* 9Fi 4 v •*" \'-s'. i »-* <*< % 7#vP 4> ^ TO any observing tourist who might journey around the globe the various types of sea and river craft that he would see on 6uch a. trip are as dis­tinctive as are the costumes of many !of the countries he would travel through. Pew Americans there are who are not famil­ iar with our present styles of water craft, such as the common rowboat and sailing yachts, but there are many who, if told that these boats Bet down on some foreign stream would excite con­ siderable curiosity, would be greatly surprised. (However, if they would stop to consider that {these boats were evolved from the primitive •cralts of our forefathers and that the various conditions in different lands would make these boats impracticable, the surprise would be some­ what tempered. First, let us consider the gondola of Italy, re­ nowned in song and story. The gondola has probably been drawn oftener than any other ,l»oat on record. Crank and bla<; and dismal, with THE NATIVE CWrOJ5> "mmor MAW#I/S&&& v« . • T7~ >S«i* 4L'; s ' , " **•>£ 4 -Jf J"*,' $>• * \ ** "x' f '-rVv .* Is swung around, and what was the stern be­ comes the bow. Proas are from 40 to 65 feet long and six or seven feet wideband are said to attain a speed of 20 miles an hour. The junk is the distinctive type of Chinese marine architecture, a somewhat unprogresslve science among the celestials. Even before the Christian era, John Chinaman voyaged from port to port In vessels of this build and rig. The sails are made of matting and are reefed In much the same way as a Venetian blind is raised. The junk is built along the lines of an oriental slipper with the curved keel for the fole and the drop aft for the heel. The com­ mon river boat or sampan is on the even more familiar model of the inverted flat iron. The modern large junk is a good sea boat and will ride a severe typhoon In safety. On the streams of India may be seen a type of rowboat which somewhat resembles our American craft. It is, however, tf clumsy con­ struction ssntf the oars, wbicH jure lashed'.tp TMB <ST&&NGJ5 OF INI)/ THE ROW/3NTIC GONDOL,/? OP VEN/CE iw^mrn <̂3 OF CHINA ODD •SOUTH & *he bright steel beak on the lofty prow, this boat does not appeal so successfully to the nau­ tical mind as it would seem to do to the artistic snd poetical one. But on the miles of canals in the city of Venice this craft is peculiarly adaptable. The gondola was formerly the only means of getting about the city, but it is now be­ ing displaced in part by small launches. The ordinary gondola is 30 feet long and four or five feet wide, and is flat-bottomed so that the draft is light. The bottom rises slightly above the water at the ends, while at the bow and stern slender ornamental stem and stern pieces reach to about the height of a man's breast There is * covered shelter for passengers in the middle ©f the boat which is easily removable. In ac­ cordance with mediaeval regulation gondolas are painted black. The gondolier stands erect with his face toward the bow and propels the boat with a forward stroke, making his way through : the narrow and often crowded canals with amaz- : Jug dexterity. Throughout the islands of the Pacific the ca­ noe is a common sight. Strictly speaking the •canoe is a light boat designed to be propelled by a .paddle held in the hands without any fixed support, although in some cases canoes may be seen that have an auxiliary sail to be used under favorable conditions. The canoes most commonly seen in the waters of the Hawaiian islands are built from a single tree trunk hollowed out with an outrigger as seen in the illustration. Wonderful sailors, too, are the natives who in them often undertake long sea voyages, far out of the sight of land, and passing from one island to another. The canoes of Samoa are built hi several pieces of wood of irregular shape fastened to- gether and cemented with gum to prevent their leaking. The coasts of the mainland of Klam, Burmah and China. also swarm with canoes. While the catamaran is a type of water craft that may be seen in several countries, each type as a fule has its distinctive features. The cata­ maran Is a favorite of the Chinese fisherman and the larger streams of that oriental country are well populated with these boats. They are con­ structed of two narrow canoes fastened together and propelled from the stern with a long, narrow oar. In its original form the catamaran consisted of three logs, the middle one being the longest, lashed together. It was used by the natives of the Coromandel coast, particularly Madras, and also in the West Indies and on the coast of South America. The Fiji islanders developed the catamaran idea in their war canoes, which consist of two parallel logs joined together with a platform on which a mast is placed. These boats are safe and also very swift. * The flying proa of the Lad rone Islanders 10 another type of the catamaran made with two hulls of unequal size. The larger .hull, which car­ ries the rigging, is perfectly flat on one side and rounded on the other. On this are placed bam­ boo poles projecting beyond the rounded side, and to their ends is fastened a boat-shaped log one-half or one-third the size of the larger hulL This prevents capsizing as effectually as the FIJI double canoe. Both ends of the proa are made alike, and the boat is sailed with either end first; but the out-rigger is always to windward. Against a head of wind the proa is kept away till thestern approaches the wind, when the yard wooden uprights fastened to the sides of the boat, overlap each other. The natives, however, are expert in the handling of the craft. In southeastern India, near the Strait Set­ tlements, an odd sailing craft may be found. ThiB vessel 1b rigged with four sails, the larger one set slightly to the front of the center, while two others of still smaller design are set one at the prow and the other midway between the two. The smallest of the Bails is rigged at the stern and is Intended to aid in steering the craft. On the rivers of England and Ireland may be seen several types of the wherry, which is very popular in these waters. Oars are used to aid the single sail in the smaller boats of this type but the Portsmouth wherry, used in the open sea, has a mainsail and rejoices In a topmast and a topsail. The Turkish caique is a familiar object la the Sea of Marmora and among the islands of the Aegean. She is distinguished by her peculiar mainsail, which is a combination of a fore-and- aft sail and a square sail. Pages of interesting reading might be written of the many peculiar boats which may be found the world over. While the essential principle of boat-building must necessarily be similar, vari­ ous nations and tribes have developed the idea along different lines until to-day the various styles and types of water craft can be numbered by the hundreds. WHY THE BOY WAS BAPTIZED At a little luncheon given on the day before his departure for Europe to Joseph Cowen, the English Zionist, the subject of apostasy came up and one man, to illustrate its prevalence, related that only a few days ago the first child in the hojme of one of New York's wealthiest Jews had been baptized because "the parents hoped by means to remove an obstacle in the way of the boy's progress." This recalled to another man at the table a story told tft Basle by the late Dr. Theodor Herzl. At a dinner party, so went the story, given by Mr. Stocksen Bonds, a preco­ cious child asked the father: "Do all people turn into Jews when they grow old?" "No, my boy," answered the father, who had renounced his faith and become a Christian before the little fellow was born; "no, my boy, why do you ask?" "Well, father, we children are all Christians, yon and mother are Christians, but grandfather, .who just came from Russia, he's an awful Jew.** ODD SOUTH AMERICAN ANIMALS Ferocious Big Frogs--Huge Rats and | a Toothless Curiosity. Many curious animals haunt the marshy parts of South America north of the pampas. Frogs big and fero­ cious (the ceratophyrs) given to mak­ ing vicious springs when closely ap­ proached; the capybara, a cavy "con­ tented with the bulk of a sheep;" the huge coypu rat and the swarthy pig- like tapir are frequently seen. Along the forest margins troops of peccaries are often met with, occa­ sionally the jaguar, sometimes the puma, likewise that toothless curiosity the great ant bear, long in claw, long nosed and remarkably long tongued. Very plentiful too are those "little knights Ir* sdaly armor," the quaint, waddling armadilloes; long toed Ja- canas pace about upon the floating leaves. A familiar ebject fp the great jabl- ru, a stork with a preference for the desolate lagoons, where it may often be observed statuesque on one leg and wrapped in prospectfon.--Ex­ change mm Convenient Arrangement Dorothy Is five years old and supremely to join the gay democracy trooping by every morning to the pub­ lic school on the next block. Inci­ dental It, she keeps the family in­ formed of school affairs after they have been refashioned in her Infant mind. The other day she hurried her mother to the window to observe a very elegant and severe-looking lady passing by. "That's the xery head est lady at the school," explained the would-be schok ar, Importantly. "They senll you to her when you're naughty, an' she opens the window an' sticks you half out, 'n' 'en she shuts it down on you while she spanks what hangs inalde." --Lippincott's. Italy a little before Hannibal's time, w|s able to send Into the Held nearly 1,000,000 mem feature of the forty- second encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic was the great parade in which nearlv S O00 votersn« itua state militia participated. "There were seven bands. The report of Assistant Adjt. Gen. Charles A. Partridge showed a net loss in members during the year of 187; net loss In posts, eight; death rate, 43 per cent There are 18,024 members in the department Reports were presented in meetings of the Women's Relief corps, Ladles of the Grand Army, Sons of Veterans, Daughters of Veterans, Sons of Vet­ erans' Auxiliary and War Musicians' union. V- . Woman In Brurwsr Case Released. Bioomiagton.--Ruby Davis alias Ruby La Pearl, the inmate of Leon Williams place known as "the Owl," who was held upon recommendation of the coroner's jury to the grand Jury in bonds in the sum of $5,000 for al­ leged knowledge of how Hal C. Bruner of Pontlac came to his death, was lib­ erated by the grand Jury. 8hoots Brothers Through Accident. Granite City.--Joseph Csehi, 25 years old, and his brother, Paul Csehi, 27, were each shot in the right leg and seriously wounded by Patrol­ man G. C. Springfield during the pur­ suit of two men, which followed two consecutive attempts to rob the saloon of Misho Mitsess. Accident Is Fatal. Jacksonville.--Leo Tyner, 18 years old, who was accidentally shot by a companion with whom he was hunt­ ing May l, died at Pass^vant hospital. Tyner and his companion were ford­ ing a creek on a log when the gun was accidentally discharged. The shot en­ tered Tyner's Drug Stores May Sell Liquor. Dixon.--Mayor Edwards vetoed the orldinance recently passedb by the city council repealing all ordinances grant­ ing permits to drug stores to sell liquors. Under the new order drug stores will pay $500 a year license to sell liquor, and must keep a record of sales. Rev. Mr. Kemp Selected. Bloomington.--Rev. Theodore Kemp, pastor of Grace Methodist church of this city, was selected to succeed Dr. Frank G. Barnes .as president of Wesleyan university, this city. The appointment will be confirmed at the commencement of the college. Two-Headed Calf Lives a Day. Chadwick.--A two-headed calf was born on the farm of John Miller near Chadwick and was placed on exhibi­ tion, although it lived but 24 hours. The heads are joined at the neck and the noses point outward in opposite directions. Centenarian Expires. Bloomington.--Mrs. Ellen Crawford, 102 y§ars old, died at St. Joseph's hos­ pital in this city. Mrs. Crawford had been a patient at the hospital for a year and a half, coming from Melvin, where her son, James, lives at* the age of 70. Cornerstone Is Laid. Mount Sterling.--The corner-stone' of St. Mary's academy was laid. The services were In charge of Father W. A. Hefferman, pastor of St Mary's Catholic church. Bleeds to Death. Taylorville.--John Richardson, who was kicked on the right leg by a horse some days ago slowly, bled to death in St. Vincent's hospital. Ends Greenview Work. Greenview.--Asa B. Hiett has ten­ dered his resignation to the board of education as superintendent of the Greenview schools. " Dr. E. M. Dill Resigns. Mason City.--Dr. E. M. Dill, pastor of the local Presbyterian church, has tendered his resignation to the board of elders. Resigns Leadership of Church. Modesto. -- Rev Carmean, Who preaches here at the Baptist church, has resigned and preached his last sermon. Fire Damages Depot, taylorville.--The Wabash, station In this city was badly damaged by a fire which broke out In the roof of the structure. Church Corner-8tone Laid. McLean sboro.--The corner-stone of the new $10,000 Baptist church was laid. Two Fatally Burned. Decatur.--Mrs. John Efinskl and ten- year-old daughter were fatally burned by the explosion of gasoline which the mother was pouring into the kitch­ en range out of a. two-gallon can. The girl's clothing was burned entirely off and her body burned to a criap. Manlto Man Is Killed. .; • Saluda.--Lewis M. Brewer of Manito received injuries near Saluda while beating his way on Burlington train No. 77, north bound, which resulted In his death at the hospital. Call Florida Pastor. GftrlTnvllle -- The Presbyterian church has called Rev. Francis Lee GofT, formerly pastor of the Presby­ terian church at Eustls, Fla. He has accepted the call and will move hie family here as soon as a suitable house can be rented. Petersburg Man Gets Heirloom. Petersburg.--J. R. Degge of Peters­ burg has received from his brother In St. Louis an old-fashioned tortoise- shell anufl box that has been In the family for over 160 years. A new partner in the person of the railroad employe has literally pushed his way into the manager's office, says J. O. Fagan in, Atlantic Monthly. So important a factor has he now be­ come in the councils of a railroad cor­ poration that hardly a move can be made In the operating department without first consulting his rights and wishes. e Not only is the power and influence of the railroad employe at the present day an important factor in railroad management, but. In the opinion of competent Judges, the time is not far distant !y!«n;ger and employe will meet on equal terms and together legislate for the Interests of all con­ cerned. Now, granting the ever-In­ creasing power of the employe In framing the rules and influencing the management, what Is there to be said about the division of responsibility? At the present day, when an acci­ dent happens on a railroad and lives of passengers are sacrificed by reason of the carelessness or neglect of em­ ployes, practically the whole moral and financial responsibility is immedi­ ately assumed by the management. Heartfelt regret is at once expressed by the highest authorities, the Injured are visited by sympathetic officials and every conceivable kind of bill or expense is at once acknowledged and paid. On the other hand, we, the employes, singly and collectively, ignore the whole business. We simply stand back and let the press and the author* ities figure out reasons and remedies' for themselves. We neither adopt resolutions of sympathy nor pay out a single dollar to benefit the families of the dead or to alleviate the sufferings of the injured. Considering the division of power, does this adjustment of responsibility appeal to any fair-minded person? It has occurred to some of us that if we or our organizations were assessed In hard cash in proportion to our respon­ sibility for some of these preventable accidents the casualty lists on our railroads would very quickly assume microscopic proportions An "employes* liability act" would, of course, be looked upon as an absurdity, yet if un­ prejudiced judges were to analyze a few of our accidents they would quick­ ly conclude that the idea is sanely and soberly logical. POWER FROM CENTRAL POINTS. Day Coming When Locomotives Will Carry No Fuel. "Less than 25 years from now rail­ road locomotives will carry no Trains .all over the country will be •?un by power conveyed by wire from a dozen great central plants located In the neighborhood of coal mines. There will be no smoke, no cinders, to make a Journey by rail disagree­ able," declares Prof. Robert H. Fer- nald, expert In charge of the govern­ ment fuel inquiry. It has been proved practicable, he says, by the help of gas producers and gas engines, to convert the en­ ergy of coal into electricity and trans­ mit it by wire over distances exceed­ ing 250 miles. This means that trains could be run from a single central plant over 200,000 square miles--an area nearly four times that of the state of Illinois--and that ten or twelve euch plants, located at or near mining centers, could furnish, motive power for all the railroads In. the United State*. "Now that It is commercially pos­ sible to transmit electric power 250 miles or more," says Prof. Fernald, "the location of immense gas produc­ er plants at the mines, or within easy reach of them, must speedily follow. But It should not be supposed that this power will be utilized only by the rail­ roads of the country. It will be sup­ plied to factories, and employed for all sorts of industrial purposes in cities and towns, whose populations will be thus enabled to enjoy clean­ liness and freedom from the tyranny of smoky chimneys."--Robert Frank­ lin, in Technical World. Elephant Charged Train. When the morning train from Bang­ kok was near Ban Klap an elephant walked out of the jungle onto the track. The driver sounded his whis­ tle, but the elephant, trumpeting loudly, lowered Its head and charged the oncoming train. So great was the impact that the elephant was killed on the spot and the engine derailed and badly dam­ aged. None of the carriages, however, left the rails. The elephant's tusks were snapped off, but when a search was made for them they could not be found. Dur­ ing the excitement following the col­ lision, someone had walked off with .--Siamese Correspondence. thejn.- Llne Almost Joins Ocsana. In Chill railroad construction on the cross-continental line, between Val­ paraiso and Buenos Ayres, has ad­ vanced so that a ride of four hours in a stage is the only Interruption in a continuous railway journ&y from the Pacific to the Atlantic ocean. The Chilian congress also has provided for a longitudinal line paralleling the coast. Peru is making great advances in railroad construction, and Ecuador has' joined in constructing railways following the general Pan-American route. The transoceanic line in Guate­ mala was opened for traffic in last January, and Costa Rica is finishing a Uno from ocean to ocean. Said The Pleasures of Hopft. "This poem upon May day,' the editor, "Is not at all bad--." The attic poet flushed wit,h delight " , but since we have enough ma­ terial on hand to last us for the nexi ten years, I am obliged to decline it* The poet still smiled hopefully. "But, sir,"-he said, "you will re quire something for the eleventh fear?" - -• , 1 1 , 1 i " , 5 / The Groat Chicago FlreT The Chicago fire occurred Octobei • and 9, 187L About 125,000 peepl« were rendered homeless and over 20, 000 buildings were destroyed. Tin loss was estimated at $200,000,(0»a mid the area of the burned dlatrtd was about L800 acres. mss. SOPHIA WTTlZSENr HEALTH VERY POOR-- RESTORED BY HMm> Catairh Twentg-five Years- Had a Bad Cough. _Mlss Sophia Kittlesen, Evanston. Illinois, U. S. A., writes: "I have been troubled with catarrh for nearly twenty-five years and have tried many cures for it, but obtained very little help. 3 "Then my brother advised me to Mr Peruna, and I did. ^ "My health was very poor at the I began taking Peruna. My throat was very sore and I had a bad cough. ' 'Peruna has cured me. The chroaie catarrh is gone and my health Is vet? touch Improved. "I recommend Peruna to all my fri finds who are troubled as I was." PERUNA TABLETS:--Some people pre> fer tablets, rather than medicine in a fluid form. Such people can obtain Pern- na tablets, which represent the medici* nal ingredients of Peruna. Each tablet equals one average dose of Peruna. Man-a-Hn th» Ideal Laxative. Manufactured by Peruna Drug Manu­ facturing Company, Columbus, Ohio. SEN? CHAP First Girl--What did he do when you told him he mustn't see yon any more? Second Girl--Turned the light* QUtI • > . 1 H o t T i m e ' s S l a v s . * ' A traveler, finding that he? couple of hours in Dublin, called a cab and told the driver to drive him around for two hours. At first all went well, but soon the driver began to whip up his horse so that they nai\ rowly escaped several collisions. "What's the ipatter?" demanded the passenger. "Why are you driving •• recklessly? I'm In no hurry." "Ah, g'wan wld yez," retorted the cabby. "D've think I'm goin' to pit in the whole day drivin' yon around tor two hours? Gitap!" Deafness Cannot Be Cured , local application*, as they cannot reach tba At* eased portion of the ear. Tljere Is only oae way M cure deafness, and that is by constitutional remediaa» Deafness Is caused by an Inflamed condition uf tba mucous lining of tha Eustachian Tube. When this tube Is Inflamed you have a rumbling gound or t»- perfeot hearing, and when It Is entirely closed, Dea#> ness fa the result,and unless the inflammation can b* t«ken out and this tube restored to Its normal coapta­ tion, hearing will be destroyed forever; nine catM out of ten are caused by Catarrh, which In nothing but an Inflamed condition of the mucous surfaces. We will give One Hundred Dollars for any case of Deafness (caused by catarrh) that cannot be cured by Hall's Catarrh Cure. Bend for circular*, free. F. J. CHENEY & CO., ToM0,Qk fJld by Druggists, 75c. kite Hall's Family Fills for constipation. Successful Demonstration. Romulus was founding Rome. "What I'qn trying to do," he ex­ plained, "is to show that it is possible to start a big town without bulldit it around an oil well or a copj mine" At this inopportune moment Remei broke in with a remark that the new city was a Butte, all right; and he got it in the neck, as you find fuliy# aet forth in your Latin reader. Same Thing. "Whom did you say ahe to marry?" "A Hungarian count" "Oh, I thought yon said *hungrr.' and s! • Quality «ppeal to the Wdt-lnfbrmad in vntf walk of life and are essential to permanent success and creditable standing. Accoa^ ingly, it is not claimed that Syrup of Figs and Elixir of Senna is the only remedy «t known value, but une of many reasoaa why it is the best of personal and family luxuli veo is the fact that it cl^aus^ sweetens and relieves the internal organs on which it acts without any debilitating after effects s«id without having to inczeaflC the quantity from time to time. It acts pleasantly and naturally and . truly as a laxative, and its component parts are known to and approved hQf physicians, as it is free from all objection­ able substances. To get its beneficiit effects always purchase the genuine* manufactured by the California Fig Syrt^ Co., only, and for sale by all leading dra|f^ EPILEPSY If joo fro«a Fits, Palling SlokweaB C, - Spasms, of ksn CUldrou that do so, mr Wtf y - N*W Mawovai'y uid T rattiMai ' ~ ' will them Immediate MM, aag,. • all rMtN to «k» L-. teWMiri in a In* ban-.i:- o! lit. May's EPILEPTIC!DC CURE tlotaplieeiwIthFi Juu«30tiilMl 1 tlmaniait of M m " I w$dDt-«BKAet ofOsmara® » altoO t S, ®te„ FREK by .iwAOkaatdteUaa «. I. Ul. KL. M tot t»wi, tar Ta*} % jP