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' » ^ T~h i * • X : -* <« > - '. *> • ">v •_ u.. • • ' H.y. ., •;•' '•* ; ••'• ' » ••'•. '• ' • •. • -'J . _ r:1 - 'a : •" • V . , - ,1 e V ": >22C*3003CC<XXXX?OiCeOC*X»<>rX>CO<^^ |s' , ̂ TERRIBLE FIGHTING FORCE TO SUPPLANT WARSHIPS Bjr *R\7SSELL WOO'DA'R'D (BRITISH HISTORIAN) E x p e r t D/s- c o u r s e s o n Japan's NaVy Increase, and the Probabil­ i t i e s W h i c h Airships Hold Forth for the Dogs of War. SŜ Ŝ «S?55̂ ^̂ W^̂ 5f3S5S5S?5S?®!58SS?i!5555?S55S55SSSB5SSSRSS!5!5!85!5S555B8,?R?5,559955l kAPAN is doubling its fight­ ing strength on water. The eyes of the whole world are on the ori­ ental kingdom, for the Japanese admiralty has started a decided inno­ vation in accomplishing that purpose. An almost unbelievable amount of cash is not expended In this move­ ment, but the Russian vessels, cap­ tured in the Russo-Japanese war, are being re-equipped, re-armored, more guns are being installed and the gen­ eral appearance and strength of the entire navy, including the craft which were under the mikado's jurisdiction before the war, is being heightened. into Japan's plans are being thrown the most modern of ideas and every possible weakness, noted in the recent war, is being banished in the strength­ ening process. Since the recent in­ stallation of a new Japanese cabinet, a part announcement of plans has been Santos-: it and His Airship. 5-^v > v "< wm. r *r will recall the session of parliament which dealt with the last British naval budget, the largest in the his­ tory of the nation. Emperor William of Germany, it was reported at the time, addressed a personal communi­ cation to Lord Tweedmouth, who had charge of the naval end of England's wellfare, asking the latter to cut his naval budget. This story was not de­ nied, but talk of it was so avoided by officials that the British public to-day believe that the letter actually was re­ ceived. It aroused criticism from all Britain. It is said that the kaiser realized that the two biggest nations of the old world must keep pace with each other in this line, and perhaps feeling that a large expenditure by Germany was not advisable, realized that the only avenue of exit from such a possibility was to see the British budget reduced. President Roosevelt's feelings on the matter were amply told in the record of the last congress when he tried to get that august body to appropriate for four new warships. However, there there were too many men of peaceful and public buildings inclinations ampng the wearers of the toga and they dealt a solar plexus blow to the project, from which it only half re­ covered--to the extent of two war­ ships. Both of these vessels have already been launched. With Japan, the little terror of the far east, burnishing up its navy, the probabilities are that the powers may go even farther next year in expendi­ tures for warships, and the only block to the great amount expended seems to be the devising of some new mode Model of England's Military Airship. Prof. Carl Meyers" Electrical Aerial Torpedo. ment. But the Monitor came along with its revolving turret, ironclad, and, northerners say, bested the Merri- mac. Right in that battle were two steps in naval progress, and Capt. Ericsson, whose family tree dates back to the times of the Norseman, Riven to the world, and by the exer­ tion of bits of imagination here and there naval experts declare they fore­ see one of the strongest navies which ever kicked up spray in the Pacific. Here'B the way it's being done, this being the official announcement given out by the Japanese admiralty bu­ reau at Tokyo: "The Japanese admiralty has de­ cided upon a large scheme of rearma­ ment instead of building new shipB, the armaments of the old will be altered so as to bring them into line with the most modern ideas and with the requirements indicated by the war with Russia. Thus vessels of the Mikasa type which have hitherto car­ ried four 12-inch guns and 14 six-inch will henoeforth carry four ten-inch instead of 14 six-inch, so that their principal armament will be brought up to eight pieces of heavy caliber. In fact, their fighting strength will be doubled. Similarly in the case of ves sels like the Retvisan, taken during the war, their new arament will con­ sist of four 12-inch and four ten-inch pieces, the latter being substituted for th© 12 six-Inch which these vessels originally carried. "When the programme is casried out It will have the advantage of creating a thoroughly homogeneous fighting force. "First-class cruisers are to be added to the navy. These ships will have a displacement of 18,650 tons with a horse power of 44,000 and a speed of 25 knots. They will be 450 feet long over all with 80 feet beam and a draft of 25 feet. Their armor will be seven inches and their armament will con­ sist of ten 12-inch guns, some six- inch and ten 4.7-inch. One of these ships is to be built at Kure." Every year naval efficiency is reaching a higher plane and experts declare it to be a physiological cer­ tainty that a more powerful mode of warfare on the water must come. That has been the trend of events from time memorial. One may go back into history to the time when the Norse- It' • fl-jmUTtM .... £• Capt . B a l d w i n 's Airship. men fought from rafts. Later came their crude canoes and then the Vikings. Several hundred years elapsed and big nations fought from behind bulwarks on wooden ships. Ef­ forts were then made to put speed into the sailing vessels. The discovery of the steam engine helped this. Then came the eventual discarding of wooden vessels. This was brought about in America when the battle between the Monitor and Merrimac was fought and the fight in itself marked qt step in naval warfare. The Merrimac em­ bodied an idea up to that time un- thought of in its armor of steel rails laid half a foot or more thick on Its sides and top. No shells of that time were found able to pierce this arrange- THE WOOD LOTS OF JAPAN. Example Furnished by That Couhtry of Tree Growing on Small Plots. In these times of great drains on the timber supply, caused by the heavy demand for forest products of all kinds, Americans may see in Japan an example of what can be done in (rowing wood on small plots, says the Pathfinder. That country contain* 21,000,000 wood lots, about three-fourths of which belong to private persons and one-fourth to communities. The aver­ age size of the plot is less than nine- tenths of an acre. They usually oc­ cupy the steepest, roughest, poorest ground. In this way land is put to use which ^would otherwise go to waste, and if unwooded would lose its soil by the wash of the dashing rains. From Japan's wood lots the yearly was the inventor of the biggest move towards a high standard of efficiency when he perfected the revolving, armored turret. What this invention will be one can only guess and most of to-day's guesses are poor. From present indications, however, the airship is to be a factor, and when the Inventor turns out an aeroplane which can carry men and shells in sufficient quantity to do real damage, then our impressive battle­ ships will be melted into steel rails. Each year the powers are putting more money into their marine fight­ ing apparatus, and Germany and Eng­ land, more especially, are eying each other's naval budget in an anxious matter. Most readers of foreign news yield of lumber is about 88 feet, board measure, an acre, and three-fourths of a cord of fire wood. In many cases the yield is much higher. More than 500,000,000 trees are planted yearly to make up what is cut for lumber and fuel. Assessment for taxation is low, averaging for the 21,000,000 lots less than one dollar an acre. With all the care in cutting and the industry In replanting, it Is by no means certain that Japan's forests are holding their own. If the preservation of the for­ ests is doubtful there, it Is evident of warfare which will render warships useless. Of course every country maintains a land force, but all realize that the best move against an oncoming enemy is to beat them to the battlefield, and as a consequence, the usual approach being water, the navies of the world are strengthened to their top-most point. Russia has not yet recovered from its set-to with the mikado's sub­ jects, but the scrap left the Japs with a few more battle-ships and-a splendid plan for strengthening their navy without expending great sums of money and contracting new loans. Going farther into the probabilities of the new style of warfare which seems Imminent, we may have battles of the air--a very dangerous mode of scrapping to the uninterested specta­ tor below. Probably that would be the deadliest sort of combat known, for in "sinking" an airship every man aboard would undoubtedly be killed by hard compact with mother earth. Then, on the other hand, perhaps there will be no future wars, at least among the large and civilized powers. Of course the barbarians will break out occasionally, but among the bigger nations there are now so many peace bodies that one has to walk about carefully in order not to encounter doves of peace, minus feathers. There are dozens of international peace and arbitration societies whose one theme is "don't shoot," and these hold ses­ sions annually. It is said that they really cement relations between coun­ tries and the time may come when they will become so numerous that con­ flict will be impossible without slaying brothers. The Hague tribunal is an­ other medium of the big powers, al­ ways ready to decide little disputes which threaten to develop into "Inter­ national complications." As a consequence it looks dark for the dogs of war and just as inky for the men of peace, who would keep the canines tied. But come what will, within a generation or two the world Is to be given some new fighting force which will astound the nations, not in on the secret, to such an extent that there will either be an entire cessa­ tion of all hostilities or some two will get together and one will be made such a beautiful example of that the watching nations will decide that C »n. Sherman was right about war. that depletion must be alarmingly rapid in other countries, which cut un­ sparingly and plant very little. On the other hand, it is encouraging to see what can be done with rough, steep and poor land. The United States has enough of that kind, without touching the rich agricultural acres, Co grow billions of feet of lumber. And Money 8aved. A sound unknown in tropical cities is the harsh grating of the coal being shoveled Into cellars for the oomlng winter.--Mexican Herald. s .3 fl g g.P.P-O 9 OO O.g.ff-O.g.O.OJJJLgJLftO-g-g.BJLR.O-g.y.ft O.ffggJUUUUUtft UUUL State Capital News Breety Gossip, Notes and Doings of Interest at Springfield. ^iroirrnrg"g~aTnryTrra^'5'r8"8"B'a'g"a"ss"a'a"a~a"y8"5"8"¥ as mmma a a armr Springfield.--In commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the great debate at Ottawa between Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas in 1858, 30,000 people from all parts of the United States gathered in Ottawa, heard speeches by scores of eloquent orators and witnessed the dedication of a 22- ton bowlder containing a bronze tablet to mark the spot of the historic forensic battle. It was a day of happy reunions among the veterans who had heard the memorable debate, but be­ neath the gala holiday spirit of the occasion there was a note of sadness that made the ceremonies intensely impressive. Stephen A.. Douglas, the son of the "little giant," brought tears to the eyes of the gathered thousands as he told of his recollections of Lin coin and of his father. "I can never forget the infinite sadness of those kindly eyes or the beauty that shone from the homely features of the eman­ cipator," the speaker said, in a voice that revealed his emotion. Ottawa was lavishly decorated for the day and ex­ tensive plans had been made to en tertain the thousands of visitors. Pic­ tures of Lincoln and Douglas bearing appropriate inscriptions were dis­ played in the streets and by the busi­ ness houses. Thousands of yards of the national colors draped buildings, trees and telegraph poles. The prin­ cipal exercises of the day were held at Washington park. The celebration opened in the morning with a band concert followed by an invocation by Rev. M. A. Quirk. Then came the un­ veiling of the "marker" on the site of the original debate, a bowlder weigh­ ing 22 tons, on which was placed a tablet bearing an inscription. The presentation speech was made by Mrs. B. F. Lincoln, state regent of the Daughters of the American Revolu­ tion. The monument was accepted in behalf of the city by Mayor James F. Farrell. At noon in Washington square there was an, old-fashioned barbecue of which 10,000 visitors partook. The industrial and automobile parade was held, a pageant two miles in length. When the afternoon crowds gathered in Washington square there were fully 30,000 visitors in the city, accord­ ing to conservative estimates. Would Stop Sale of Speedy Autos. First Assistant Corporation Counsel Emil C. Wetten of Chicago announced that alarmed by the increasing number of automobile accidents, the next leg­ islature will be asked to enact a law compelling classification of the vari­ ous kinds of machines, the licensing of all drivers, and possibly barring from the city streets those cars whose high power makes possible a speed far excess of the city's regulations. "A casual examination of the reports of motor car accidents seems to show that many of them occur when ma­ chines are driven by young persons or by women," he explained. "At pres­ ent there is no way of preventing this and no way of making sure that any one has the capability and experi­ ence necessary to handle a large ma­ chine. This is the first thing to pro­ vide for and the city is about ready to do it. A law will be asked which will allow John Smith to drive his ma­ chine if he knows enough about it, but which will prevent his 13 children from taking turns at imperiling the lives of pedestrians. Every season makes such a law more necessary be­ cause every season brings into the market cars with more complicated machanism." Exiles Enjoy Annual Event. The fifty-ninth anniversary of the landing of the Portuguese exiles from Madeira island was celebrated at Washington park. Four hundred mem­ bers of the society, organized some years ago to perpetuate the memory of the event of the landing of the ex­ iles, and their friends from Jackson­ ville and Springfield assembled at the pavilion in the park, and despite the threatening rain, enjoyed the occasion. The program was rendered in the pavilion, the crowd occupying all the available space in the building. Owing to the rain the picnic feature in the park was abandoned. The choir and the speakers were stationed in the gal­ lery, while the members occupied the space below. John F. Mendonsa of this city presided and introduced the speakers. Excellent music was fur­ nished by the choir. New York Requisition Honored. Gov. Deneeen honored a requisition from the governor of New York for the extradition of Robert E. Eastman, under arrest in Chicago and wanted in New York on a charge of grand lar­ ceny. Eastman is alleged to have stolen stock certificates valued at $1,900 from one Helena Rovertson. County Teachers Hold Session. The Sangamon County Teachers' in­ stitute was held at. the state house and was of unusual interest to teachers and those interested in school work. A number of special features were ar­ ranged, including the Horace K. Tur­ ner art exhibit, which was shown at the high school building. Special ex­ hibits of school work done in the coun­ try the last year were on exhibition at the state house, also school pic­ tures taken by the county superin­ tendent on his regular visits to the schools. Peace Among .Mine Workers. EfTorts of President Walker and of­ ficials of the Illinois Mine Workers were successful in restoring peacp con­ ditions in mines in Springfield and vicinity where race differences had caused trouble. Visits were made to Bissell and Woodside mines and after the matter had been explained fully arrangements were made to resume work. It was explained that the con­ stitution of the union provided for no discrimination because of color and that the white miners could not refuse to work with blacks. Drought Broken; Corn Saved. The prolonged drought in central and northern Illinois ha§ been broken, according to the wsather report Issued by Section Director William G. Burns. Many stations have reported rainfall in excess of one inch, practically Insur­ ing the safety of the corn crop. High and damaging winds prevailed in some localities. The temperature was be­ low normal and the extreme tempera­ ture reported Is 100 degree®. The re­ port says: The temperature was below the normal high, temperatures ob­ tained, also the highest of the sea­ son being registered at some stations. The mean temperature was about four degrees above normal; the extremes being 50 to 100 degrees. The pro­ longed drought in parts of the central and the northern districts, was broken, in great measure, by satisfying show­ ers that occurred on several days Many stations in the districts named bad rainfall in excess of an inch. Only light rainfall occurred in the central district. High, damaging winds were reported in Champaign and Shelby counties. There was con­ siderable cloudiness in the northern district; in the other districts there was more than average sunshine. The average for the state was about 70 per cent. For Irish and German Union. Plans for uniting the Irish and,Ger­ man Catholic organizations in a closer relationship were begun at the session of the Ancient Order of Hibernians in this city, when a resolution recom­ mending that the state officers of the order take (necessary steps for per­ fecting cordial relations between the A. O. H. and the German societies of the state was passed. The Ladies' Auxiliary elected officers as follows: President--Mrs. Mary P. McWorther, Chicago. Vice-preeldent--Mrs. Margaret Mooney, East St. Louis. Secretary--Mrs. Anna Coldol, Jollet. Treasurer--Mrs. Annie E. Johnson, Chi­ cago. The delegates by a unanimous vote showed their disapproval of the Irish stage caricature, as they said it was a misrepresentation of the Irish race. They, however, are not opposed to the portrayal of Irish characteristics if they are correct. Army Station Visited. Col. George F. Chase, inspector gen­ eral of the department of the lakes, was in the city, inspecting the local army recruiting station and the na­ tional cemetery at Camp Butler. He left for Mound City, 111. Col. Chase made a complete tour of the city in order to get a clear Idea of the riot situation, and seemed pleased with the way the National Guard officers are conducting the campaign against the rioters. Several men have been en­ listed at the recruiting station In the last few days. They are Charles E. Saylor of Milwaukee, Charles H. Miller of Chicago, John W. Ellis of Mon­ mouth, all three enlisting in the cav- alary; Emil W. Nawrath and Harry Brown of Quincy enlisted in the coast artillery, and Charles E. Abrahamson of Peoria and Anton Kutnyak of this city enlisted for infantry service. Hotel Clerks in Session. Fifty hotel clerks assembled in the city for the purpose of organizing the Illinois Hotel Clerks' association. Preparations for the meeting were completed when a number of the local clerks met at the St. Nicholas hotel and perfected a plan to be carried out in the organiaztion. George I. Taylor of the St Nicholas acted as temporary secretary and received nearly 100 let­ ters from different parts of the state and a number from other states con­ gratulating him and his associates upon the movement which was begun a short time ago. Nearly every state in the union has an organized associa­ tion, Ohio leading in membership. The meeting was held in the Silas hotel. The majority of the clerks were intertained in various ways by the local men. Made Chairman for Ninth Time. The Perry county Republican and Democratic central committees se­ lected at the recent primany election met and named new officers for the coming year. Harry R. Ward of Du- quoin was made chairman of the Re­ publican committee for the ninth con­ secutive time, a distinction never be­ fore accorded in the history of Perry county politics. Robert L. Roe of Pinckneyvflle was elected secretary. The Democrats macfe Dr. W. L. Mc- Caudless of Pinckneyville chairman,, Henry Driemayer of Pickneyvllle sec­ retary and John Higgins of Pinckney­ ville treasurer. Woodmen Hold Big Picnic. The seventh annual Woodmen pic­ nic was held at Illiopolis. O. E. Al- shlre of Chicago delivered the address of the day. C. E. Fetzer of Spring­ field also spoke. Music was furnished by the Illiopolis band. The Illiopolis Forester baseball team played the Merchants' Band team. There was a balloon ascension and parachute leap by Prof. C. Black. During the day there was a log rolling contest and tug-of-war between Forester teams, in addition to various races. A brilliant display of fireworks was given. Refuse to Participate in Session. At the org&nization meeting of the Sangamon county central committee the supporters of Richard Yates for governor refused to participate. Rich­ ard M. Sullivan and followers declined to serve on delegations to state, con­ gressional or senatorial committees. Dr. John A. Wheeler, state game com­ missioner, was named chairman of the committee and Albert Bums v secre­ tary. The Yates men did not present a candidate. Resolutions were adopted Indorsing President Roos» •elt's and Deneen's administrations. STATE NEWS NOTES ACCOUNTS OF HAPPENINGS ILLINOIS FOR A WEEK. SOLDIER OUT ON BAIL Milltfaitian Who Bayonetted Boy In Kankakee Secures Bond and Goes to His Home In Chicago. Kankakee.--Private Joseph B. Klein, Company A, First regiment, waived examination In Justice C. H. Mead's court of killing Earl Nelson, and was admitted Immediately to ball of $10,- 000 furnished by the Illinois Surety company. Arrangements for this pro­ ceeding had previously been made. The details were settled and arrange­ ments made to bring Klein into court The military authorities retained pos­ session of the soldier to the last. There was no demonstration and only a small crowd when Private Klein was brought into court. He was conveyed from the armory to the building In which the justice's office is located in a cab, and an armed soldier rode'on the box with the driver. Among those in the courtroom was George W. Nelson, father of the. dead boy, who did not. exhibit a revengeful spirit, but said he merely wished to get a look at the man who had killed his boy. Capt. Coffin of Company A. First regiment, and Maj. E. James Miles, commanding the First battalion of the First, were also in court and accompanied Klein when he left for Chicago. A squad of soldiers guarded the carriage on the way to the depot. Klein arrived in Chicago and went di­ rectly to the home of his mother, where he was warmly greeted. m r WANTS MYSTERY SOLVED. Alton Woman Says Son Was Killed and Wife Wedded. Alton.--A remarkable chain of events has caused Mrs. Jacob Mitchell of Alton to ask the grand jury to clear up the mystery of the death of her son, George Mitchell, whose body was found between two railroad tracks 12 hours after he had quarreled with a man whom he had accused of luring his wife from home. Four days after Mitchell was found dead and on the day following the funeral, Mrs. Mitchell and William Garner were married, according to a statement made by her father. The attention of the authorities first was called to the case when Korte went to Mrs. Sophia Demuth, police matron, taking with him his grandchildren, John Mitchell, four years old, and Herman Mitchell, two. Atlanta Will Sell Bonds. Atlanta.--A special school election was held here for the purpose of vot­ ing for or against the * proposition to issue bonds to the amount tff ^5,000 for the purpose of erecting a school building in this district. As was ex­ pected there was practically no op­ position to the proposition, the vote standing 99 for and three against. Nosebleed Kills Boy. Gillespie.--Willis, aged five years, only son of Mr. and Mrs. Willis Whit- worth, died very suddenly at the fam­ ily home in Gillespie. The child be­ came ill with severe bleeding at the nose and the flow could not be checked and he died from the results. It is thought a blood vessel bursting was the cause of his death. Yates Men Victors at Havana. Havana.--The Yates followers won out In the Mason county Republican central committee. E. E. Caldwell, Havana, was elected chairman and S. F. Kyle, Havana, secretary. The Democrats elected A. D. Cullinane, Havana, chairman; John Ritener, Ha­ vana, secretary, and John Pemberton, Forest City, treasurer. 8avage Chairman In Cass. Virginia.--Cass county Republicans elected Henry S. Savage of Virginia chairman and F. E. Nlcheson of Beardstown secretary, and H. M. Schmoldt of Beardstown treasurer. Cass county Democrats elected Dr. T. J. Schweer of Beardstown chairman and J. N. Gridley of Virginia secre­ tary. Seymour Heads Organization. Hillsboro.--At the meeting of the Montgomery county Republican com­ mittee here organization was effected with the election of H. A. Seymour as chairman and A. R. Stansifer of Litch­ field as secretary. The Democrats elected Guy C. Lane chairman and H. R. Crawford secretary. Latham Heads Logan Republicans. Lincoln.--Richard Latham was elect­ ed chairman by the Logan county Re­ publican cent.ral committee, Charles T. Hobllt, secretary and John S. Haller, treasurer. FVed Mayfleld was chosen chairman by the Democrats and Charles Cor wine was elected secre­ tary. Miner Arrested for Robbery. Virden.--Vezzeti Marcellino, an Ital­ ian, was arrested here by. Deputy Sher­ iff Thomas McLean of La Salle coun­ ty and City Marshal Archibald, Mar­ cellino, who is better known by his people as Vetto Gera, is wanted at Coal City on the charge of robbery. Declares Husband Is Cruel. Virginia.--Mrs. Lena C. West of Beardstown filed a suit for divorce from Albert West, alleging drunken­ ness and cruelty. They were mar­ ried In Galesburg in 1905. Fears Plot; Suicide. Piasa.--Imagining himself an "unde­ sirable citizen" and that the citizens of Piasa, his home, were making ef­ forts to remove him from the village, Amel Mearsch, 65 years old, a former employe of the Burlington railway at Piasa, committed poison In a pasture. Farm Boys Hear Humphrey. Lovington.--Judge J. Otis Humphrey of Springfield spoke at the farm boys' encampment on "How to Make an Il­ linois Farm Produce More Every Tear Rather Than Less."