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V' - D?'# FOURTH- DAY JIF*VSPO HE Fourth of July has come to hold in the United States a proud and pre-emi­ nent position aa a day of sport and the occasion of as an­ nual carnival of competitive contests in outdoor athletics. Thi* is an eminently fitting use for the Joyous anniversary and it is perfect­ ly natural, if not Inevitable, consider­ ing the great and growing interest of the whole American people in feats of skill that call for mental and mus­ cular agility. Moreover its accept­ ance as a day of sport is not con­ fined to the small towns on the one hand, nor to the large cities on the NOVEL CLEARANCE CAR A Tsnw mxr/MS F&ppuiRrrY - - ..y.voc. .. i wmm £?£VOLV£it •XtiTQGT/m other, but is in actual fact universal I That Americans have come to rec­ ognize the Fourth as a day whe lovers of athletics of all kinds ma enjoy their favorite sports to the! fill is a matter of congratulation, fc a good many of us take few enoug: "days off' during the summer. W have not to any great extent adoptee and perhaps may never adopt, th< English and European custom c banishing work and business care; every Friday evening during the sum­ mer and devoting the Interval until Monday morning to open-air exercise. On the contrary there are thousands of Americans who are so busy that It is only on a full-fledged holi­ day when all business ceases absolutely that they feel that they can take part in the loafing. Of the three summer holidays the Fourth of July 1b manifestly the ideal one for spprting contests. Memorial Day is a little early in the season in the face of the climatic conditions that prevail In some sections of the country, and then, too, many patriotic organizations and prom­ inent citizens are opposed to making use of Decoration Day as an occasion for sports, claim­ ing that it has a solemn, almost religious sig­ nificance that should be respected by all the peo- ifle of the community, even though they have no jltelatives among the soldier dead. Labor Day in "September shares with the Fourth to some ex­ tent the prestige of a day of sport, but it is far overshadowed by the July festival in point of number of race^ games and contests. First and foremost among the manifestations of the American love of sport on the glorious Fourth must be placed, of course, the vast at­ tendance at games of baseball. The games on that eventful day range all the way from a "dou- |>!e-header" by major league teams, which in New York or Chicago or Boston may call out an attendance of twenty thousand "fans" to the equally spirited contest on a vacant lot where a number of youthful "rooters" watch a struggle .for supremacy between "Red' Finnegan's "ln- vincibles" and "Scrub" Schmidt's "Red Sox Jun­ ctors.'" It is safe to say that the amount spent on baseball on this one day, allowing for the expenditure for peanuts and score cards and all the other incidentals, would form a stack of sil­ ver dollars mountain high. As every person knows, the Fourth of July is "a favorite occasion for picnics--particularly fam- "-.jUy picnics and neighborhood outings, and lodge , /'ffllcnics, and like excursions. And usually as a '• feature of any such holiday frolic there is a ball .'pgahie Perhaps the women and girls are pitted ' '*fa&alnst the men or we have such nerve-racking 5 V"' i^V^ibattles of the diamond as can be witnessed only f •* J ,#when the-lawyers cross bats with the doctors, r. ' {' A AjI tVIAfl nlftw fVt A atnnrln nn tVi/A the Fourth b e c a u s e h u sbands, broth ers and sweet- h e a r t s come for the day and accordingly there is a s t a mpede for outdoor pas times. J u s t a s there is for d a n c i n g , and all oth­ er pursuits where male jrjpGISTERWf partners are necessary to round out the full meas­ ure of the entertainment. Very nearly as old as the Fourth of July itself in a holiday sense is the custom in the average smaller city, town or village of making the aft­ ernoon of Independence Day the occasion of a race meet and athletic carnival. Perhaps this is held on the main street of the town if there is no track available, but if there is a fair ground or regular race track in the vicinity that is the mecca for the crowds. Some years ago the prime feature of every such meet was found in the racing, hose-laying and ladder contests of the various volunteer fire companies from all the towns in the vicinity of the one where the "tournament" was held. Latterly as horse- drawn fire-fighting apparatus has come into more general use and even the motor hose wagons have been purchased by many of the smaller cities, the number of volunteer fire-fighting or­ ganizations have dwindled somewhat, but there are still a number in existence and there is noth- M Ton&TM illg QlOfB Liug luiiiHE* ments when they are hotly contested. In some sections of the country horse racing has taken the placfe of the firemen's tournaments as a Fourth of July attraction, but of late their drawing power has been sur­ passed by such novelties as automo­ bile races, motorcycle races and best of all, aeroplane contests. There are /et retained on many Fourth of July programs those homely contests that have been greeted with roars of laughter ever since the days of our grandfathers--such tests of skill as the climbing of the greased pole, egg races, sack races, three-legged races, catching the greased pig, potato races and a host of others in which membAs of both sexes participate. In the south from time out of mind they have had "tilting contests," la which local horsemen as twentieth century knights without armor have vied with one another in stunts with lances or spears somewhat similar to those performed by the knights of old. Within the past year or two other sections of the country have adopted these tilting tourneys as a Fourth of July feature, and with ex­ cellent success. In some communities Fourth of July sports committees have, in their ]uest for novelties, borrowed some of ,b« features of the modern circus, no­ tably the chariot races, which are calculated to make the hair of the more timid spec­ tators stand on end. Field afid track sports such as putting the s h o t . h a m m e r throwing. Jump­ ing, running, pole vaulting and hur­ dle racing are sat­ isfactory Fourth of July sports be­ cause local talent can always be re­ cruited for the competitions and eveft if no world's records are bro­ ken there is no end of fun for p a r t i c i p a n t s a n d spectators. Lawn tennis tournaments are held on hundreds of courts all over the country on this midsummer holiday and "sociability runs" by automobile clubs have added yet another event to those on the calendar for this pre-eminent holiday. The very warmth of the weather encountered by the greater part of the country on the average Fourth of July has always rendered popular aquatic festivals and carnivals. Yachting con­ tests, rowing and power boat competitions, swim­ ming and canoe races and other sports on the wa­ ter have compensations for the participants and regale the spectators ranged in the shade along shore. In this field there are many mirth-provok­ ing contests as productive of fun as are the ones above mentioned. Log roiling contests, water poio, water football, tilting contests in which the op­ ponents, armed with . lances, stand up in canoes, and walking the greased pole over the water, are a few of the tests of skill in which th® price of failure is a ducking, to the delight of the spec­ tators. TOUtfJfxriZNT m lor the married men play the single men, or the 4|baid-headed boys try conclusions with those that ~wear beards, or the fat men essay a test of skill •with the lean members of the community. It is In such an environment, too, that he spirit of Tipori on the Fourth provokes croquet gameB and the pitching of quoits and target practice on the part of the .picnickers who do not care for the snore strenuous exercise on a hot summer day. Speaking of target practice with revolver and rifle), which has gained rapidly in favor of recent years, It may be well to mention that another somewhat similar sport has come up markedly and the Fourth of July is a favorite occasion for tournaments in communities where clubs exist This latter pastime is the old, yet new diversion of archery. Just how much fun it Is to shoot with bow and arrow--not the familiar child's toy but the regulation Indian weapon--can only be appreciated by those who have tried it and the fact th£t the sport can be enjoyed by both men and women of all ages is proving a big factor in winning converts for it. The Fourth of July is a great occasion for for­ mal and informal golf tournaments, and some­ times these are arranged to extend over from * the 3d to the nth of July if the community is a suburban one, or a rural one. or a summer resort to which there has been a sudden Influx of men from the city. And this very fact lets you into the .secret of why the Fourth is the climax of ! the season In the matter of sport at many a sum­ mer resort. Under ordinary circumstances men are a scarce commodity at these vacation re­ treats but there is always a plentiful supply on THE FATE OF EMPIRES CIVILIZATION CLAIMED TO BE A "RECURRENT PHENOMENON" 1 he meaning of life has in all ages been the goal of human thought and the great extension of our knowledge of the past, by the researches of recent years, enables us now to view the course of human changes with more complete­ ness than has been the case before. In place of looking on the fall of the Roman empire as a monstrous and Inexplicable fact, we now see that civilization is not only intermittent, but is a reg­ ularly recurrent phenomenon." This was the theory propounded by Prof. Flin­ ders Petrle in a lecture delivered at the Royal institution on "The Revolutions of Civilization." In Egypt, said the lecturer, we can trace eight civilizations; the first prehistoric; the second prehistoric, the early dynastic, the pyramid build­ ers, the middle kingdom (Xlltb dynasty), the Em­ pire (XVIIIth dynasty), the Greek ar.d the Arab. The rise and fall of art In each of these periods can be well illustrated. Similar periods are found in Europe, the early, middle and late Cre­ tan, the classical and the mediaeval. These pe­ riods are contemporary with those of Egypt, so far as we can ascertain. Hence the Mediterra­ nean civilization seems a distinct unit, rising and falling together as one body. The Mesopo1 tamian civilization Is In a different phase to that of the Mediterranean, but its period is about the same, A similar period of about 1,500 years has oc­ curred in India and Mexico. The Etruscan sages assigned 1,100 years as the period of a race, after which it must be succeeded by another. The various activities of man, according to Professor Petrle, are related in the same order in each successive period. This can be best traced in the mediaeval and classical periods, where the stages of sculpture, painting, litera­ ture, music, mechanics, science and wealth spread over some seven centuries. These stages were nearer together in earlier ages, but the or­ der was always the same so far as can be traced. The starting point of each civilization--as of each generation--is a mixture of blood. With­ out a fusion of race no fresh start can be made. About six or eight centuries are needed for the rise to the sculpture stage. The growth of civi­ lization largely consists in a lengthening out of the subsequent stages of activity, and diminu­ tion of the stagnant period before a new mix° ture is started. The period seems to belong to the people and not to the country, and is kept by the people when they go to a land of a dif­ ferent phase. Though, no doubt, climatic periods have a precipitating effect In throwing one people on to another, yet the general regularity of interval of the stages of growth of civilization point to a racial determinant. This may be the time re­ quired to promote the maximum mixture of dif­ ferent strains In two races which ar© In con­ tact.--London Olobe. &HOW8 8PACE BETWEEN TRACK AND CL08E-BY OBJECTS. Remarkable Device Also indicates Au­ tomatically, While Moving, the Ele­ vation of the Ralls and th« De­ gree of Curvature, The new clearance car which Is here ) Illustrated has just been placed In service on an east­ ern railroad line. It was designed in the office of the engineer of main­ tenance of way, and is " being run over every di­ vision as rapidly as possible, in or­ der to secure cor­ rect measurements of the distances from the track to projecting portions of station buildings, tunnels, bridges and other objects. It is also designed to Indicate automatically, while moving on curves, the elevation of the rails and the degree of curvature. The car, which is 54 feet 8% Inches long over all, and 30 feet between truck centers, is built entirely of steel. At the front end of the car where the templets are located is a second floor at an elevation of nine feet eight inches above the top of the rails. Both doors are for use in taking measurements from the templets. The second floor is reached by steel stair­ ways on each side of the main tem­ plet. All measurements are taken at the center of the steel truck, from which clearances are computed. The main templet, which is erected directly over the center of the truck, has a width of ten feet between elevations of two feet and 12 feet above top of rail, exclu­ sive of the fingers or feelers attached to the sides. From an elevation of 12 feet above top of rail the templet re­ cedes toward the middle of the car at an angle of 45 degrees, reducing with the width of the templet to four feet at the top at an elevation of 15 feet above the top of the rail. Immediately in front of the main templet is constructed an auxiliary templet, designed to measure over­ bore. bridges, tunnote p.n«! nfc- MAN MOST TO BE ADMIRED He Is the Person Who Has Received Many a Jolt, but Smiles When It Is Needed. If we stop to figure it out, the man most to be admired in this life is'the fellow who can smile and does smile. After people get pretty well along IB years the power of smiling be­ comes weaker. You can't ever tell bow many Jolts a man will get in a dozen years, so that he almost quit? smiling--inaybe qu('.s altogether There may have been death in the circle to which he belongs. There may have been money strain. There may have been personal illness or illness of some loved one. He may have been beaten in a law suit in which he knows he was right, and the injustice rankles. He may have become disappointed in love. He may have had his uninsured house de­ stroyed by Ore. He may have been victimized by a friend on whoBe note be had gone. All those and many other things are possible happenings In a space of a few years' time. Thus it may be seen why a man often finds it hard to smile. But when a man has apparently been through iome one or more of theee things, as he must wjthin some years of his life, and when he breaks into a quick smile, even If he relapses* into his ordinary expression of gloom, we must admire him. It shows that there is courage behind him. Such a man is not the kind that grins like a chessy-cat at everything that comes along. He is the sort Of man who carries wtth hhn the sobriety of experience, but who nevertheless manages to smile when a smile is wanted. And people who meet such a man, and look upon his smile, recognizing it for what it is, are cheered and heartened thereby, and the owner of It may know, if he don't, that his smile, saved from the wreck of hopes, has done its part to bring sunshine into this dreary world of oura--Oal veston News jects between elevations 17 feet and 20 feet above the top of the rail. This auxiliary templet has the same dimen­ sions as that part of the main templet between elevations 12 feet arid 15 feet It Is supported on a center shaft in­ closed in an upright cylinder and is capable of being raised to a height of 18 feet by a crank and ratchet ar­ rangement on the floor of the car. Inclosed in steel cylindrical boxes with translucent glass fronts facing the tempiets Is a series of electric lights which extend from the floor of the car on each side thereof to a height of 15 feet above top of rail. The well diffused light thus obtained makes it possible to take measure­ ments both day and night, as well as in dark tunnels. The fingers or feelers attached to the sides and the top of the templets are two feet long and are placed six inches apart. They are hinged to the templets and held in the different po sltions by friction. Attached to\the feelers and the side of the templets are graduated scales whichindicate automatically the distance from the rim of the templet to a side or over­ head object. In addition, a small board equipped with a set of feeler* spaced one Inch apart has been pro­ vided to measure cornices of roofs, of shelter sheds, or other irregular ob­ jects close to the track. This board ig detachable, and can be fastened to the side of the templet at any point desired. As the car pastes over a curve, an attachment on the rear truck of the car indicates the degree of curv­ ature on a scale inside of a cabinet, which has been erected in the middle of the car. In this cabinet is also an instrument consisting of a long pendu­ lum. which indicates automatically the elevation of one rail of the track over the other. The side of this cab­ inet facing the main templet has been provided with a platt glass window, which enables the operator of the car to read the degree of curature or the elevation of the rail at any time. With all of the attachment working automatically It is possible to take clearance measurements while the car is running at a speed of four miles per hour; this is necessary at times in or­ der to keep out of the way of regu­ lar trains. Though two men can operate the new clearance car, one taking the readings of the scales and the other recording them, where clearances are close and irregular it requires the perficnr three men. THE WORLD OF JUNIORS wmmt -- ?/< - -f ~ / •> v?* #c£>i;2 ' f" J : mmm , $• I , vj Ptnal Cod* 8enslble and Most Effeo> Hya for Punishment of Child­ ish Faults. Public opinion sways the child world. Sometimes this public opinion is created by what an intelligent child has learned through older people, sometimes it comes of the children's own reasoning. And the child who fails in the etiquette demanded from him by his own world Is punished In the surest and severest way. Public opinion is against him or his mis­ deed; he must remain on the outside until he has proved his repentance. There may be a suggestion for older people In this method of treating of­ fenders in their midst. Punishment by the family's ostracism may bring a rude or indifferent-mannered little person to terms sooner than anything else. Emerson had a little daughter, El­ len, who once told a lie. She was not punished in the way that you or I might think wise. All the children In the family were brought together and told that something very dreadful had happened in their family; Ellen had told a lie. They must not romp or play or sing, for Ellen had told a lie.-- The Designer. HIRAM CARPENTER'S WONDER­ FUL CURE OF PSORIASIS. ' . A' International Prena Photo Co., N. T. When German Princes Travel. The Prussian railway administra­ tion, which spreads almost over the entire German empire, has just issued regulations granting new privileges to royalty In traveling. For the fu­ ture the princes are to have special trains at specially cheap rates, and while the ordinary traveler must pay for at least tw(elve places when he or­ ders a special train, the prince will only be charged for the exact number of places he occupies. Another regulation is that when a prince expresses a wish to travel In a particular compartment of an ordi­ nary express the compartment must be placed at his disposal, and even where no wish is expressed the sta­ tion master Is to offer the prince a compartment to himself. When princely specials are running, locomotives with steam up are to be kept In readiness at all the chief sta­ tions along the line of travel and the royal waiting rooms are to be kept ready whether the train stops at them or not. The prince's special, of course, takes precedence of all other trains, no matter at what cost in tha way of delay to the latter. New Line In Slmplon Tunnel. The board of control of the Swiss federal railroad has decided to have a second line constructed through the Slmplon tunnel. 3o far traffic has not been sufficiently heavy to warrant the construction of a second line, but the Ixftschberg tunnel with its two lines is now approaching completion and the international trains running through U from eastern France and from Germany will connect with the Slmplon. wtth a consequent Increase of traffic. The Swiss federal railway voted the money necessary to finish the second Slmplon gallery as long ago as 1907, and it was expected that Brant, Brandeau & Co., the contractors for the tunnel, would carry out the work; but this has not been done, and tenders are now to be invited for the completion of the second &allerjr and the laying of the second line. Bridge Has Lasted Long. The construction of the concrete work for a new bridge being built over Catawisssa creek, at Catawissa. to replace a bridge built In 1853. re­ calls the manner in which the work was done at the time. The Catawissa News Item says that W. G. Yetter, the engineer in charge of the work, recalls the erection of the former bridge, and says: "Nowadays they go down to bedrock for a foundation, but for this pier they merely scraped the bottom of the creek clear of small stones, then went up the hill and cut a lot of hemlock brush which were sunk to the creek bed and plied up until they showed- above the water. Upon these the foundation stones were l^ld. That pier has stood solidly ever since, and has been through some severe ice jams." On One Road Forty-Seven Years. Jacob Kauffman of Mauch Chunk, Pa., is beyond a doubt one of the old­ est men, In point of sel^ice, in the employ of the Central Railroad com­ pany of New Jersey on its Lehigh and Susquehanna division, having been employed continuously by that company for forty-seven successive years, and for ten years In the Cen­ tral company's shops at Mauch Chunk, repairing tanks. Mr. Kauffman's railroad career com­ menced in 1864, when he helped to construct the Lehigh & Susquehanna railroad, which was built by the Le­ high Coal & Navigation company from Phillipsburg to bcranton, and which has since been leased and operated by the Central Railroad of New Jersey. Growth of German Lines. It Is now 76 years since the first railroad was introduced into Germany. The experiment was naturally on a modest scale, from Ludwigsbann join­ ing up Nuremberg to Furth. The six kilometers of 75 years ago have in­ creased today to 60,000 kilometers, a kilometer being five-eighths of a mile, and it is claimed that Germany today possesses the finest railway system in Europe. Advance In Ten Years. «. In ten years the number of passen­ ger cars In the United States has in­ creased from 33,595 to 44,623. The number of freight cars has risen from 1,248,826 to 2,130,110, an increase of over sevehty per cent., but their ca­ pacity has increased over one hundred and twenty per cent., from 32,000,00® tons to 71.000,000 tons. "I have been afflicted for twenty years with an obstinate skin disease, called by some M. D.'s. psoriasis, and others leprosy, commencing on my scalp; and in spite of all I could do, with the help of the most skilful doc­ tors, It slowly but surely extended un­ til a year ago this winter it covered my entire person in the form of dry scales. For the last three years I have been unable to do any labor, and suffering intensely all the time. Every morning there would be nearly a dust- panful of scales taken from the sheet on my bed, some of them half as large as the envelope containing this letter. In the latter part of winter my skin commenced cracking open. I tried everything, almost, that could ba thought of, without any relief. The 12th of June I started West, in hopes I could reach the Hot Springs. I reached Detroit and was so low I thought I should have to go to th® hospital, but finally got as far as Lan­ sing, Mich., where I had a sister liv­ ing. One Dr. treated me about two weeks, but did me no good. All thought I had but a short time to live. I earnestly prayed to die. Cracked through the skin all over my back, across my ribs, arms, hands, limbs; feet badly swollen; toe-nails came off; finger-nails dead and hard as a bone; hair dead, dry and lifeless as old straw. O my God! how I did suffer. "My sister wouldn't give up; said, 'We will try Cuticura.' Some was ap­ plied to one hand and arm. Eureka! there was relief; stopped the terrible burning sensation from the word go. They immediately got Cuticura Re­ solvent, Ointment and Soap. I com­ menced by taking Cuticura Resolvent three times a day after meals; had a bath once a day, water about blood heat; used Cuticura Soap freely; ap­ plied Cuticura Ointment morning and evening. Result: returned to my home in just six weeks from the time I left, and my skin as smooth as this sheet of paper. Hiram E. Carpenter, Henderson, N. Y." The above reisarkable testimonial was written January 19, 1880, and is republished because of the perman­ ency of the cure. Under date of April 22, 1910, Mr. Carpenter wrote from his present home, 610 Walnut St. So., Lansing, Mich.: "I have never suf­ fered a return of the psoriasis and al­ though many years have passed I have not forgotten the terrible suffering I endured before using the Cuticura Remedies." Awful I Mrs. Willis--Isn't it awful the way people paw over goods In a store? Mrs Gillis Shocking. I T?snt over to the waist counter this morning and picked up every single garment and there wasn't one that didn't have the marks where somebody had been han­ dling it. Never Forgot Business. "What yould you take fcr a cold?" the sufferer said. "l^dunno," the man who never for­ gets business replied. "What'd you be willing to give?" Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets cure consti­ pation. Constipation is the cause of many diseases. Cure the cause and you cure the disease. Easy to take. Two may be company--unless they are husband and wife. i^jOJlA'dUAUi JUJl'A JL ESTATE. ?ARMER8 OF THE CKKTRAL STATES-- our fathers came \Vu--t in tlinptuDeerdays because they could better their condition. Times have changed and again Horace Greeley's adYico to 'C.o West" is heard throughout the land of your fcumos. The last West has been reached, and In tho Kruser Valley of British C'oluu'hla. Canada, you will And th« I'arudlse of the I'aoltle. Here farmers own their own autos, Buye elcctrif light and telephones In their homes and railway transportation at their doonv The secret's in the soil and cUniule. A acre rarui yields from J5.000 to $7,000 annually. Think of thefe returns per acre. Strawberries, toTer 7.000 lbs. ) (tkTO.OO; Tomatoes. fl.500 .UC; Potatoes-. 'Sell from 130 to [vr ton,i flC0.tk): Cabbage. $HW.UU: Onions |&to.00; Carrots. liWi.UO: Turnips. 1600.00; Uhubarb, 1360.00; liaspberrlos unct Blackberries, 1200.00; Appl* 9 and Pears. II .'AO vo J2.UX). I.a.>t year poultry and eniis to the value of 12,500.000 were imported from the Botuheru States and Kostem Canada Poultry liais­ ing pays immense pmlits here. If you are interested drop me a line umSbt My information will be reli­ able In every particular. Yu« can depend on me. W. J. Kerr,Ltd., Mew Westminster, British Columbia, Canada. np II n oor Booklets "Why They Move to North lCI-e*aF Dakota"and "ijlrt That Grows Dollars. They'll interest farmers, they're free. Write NOKTH. kr.\ 'msiuitiTiox ASSOCIATION, FAKGO, KORTH DAKOTA Phillips County, (i^odterms. Buy while the price is right. A bargain for all, write US MHiSSSK, iVairi® Vit*, UmM--u 1 \\ EST TKN .\KSS^K--Improved fertile farms. " Close to county site. »6 to WO per acre. Finest climate, water, timber »nd markets. Write for llgt T. S. Jenkins, Trnnnmoe