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CONSTITUTION OF GOOD FOWL Points of Weak and Strong Bird Characterized by Prof. W. R. Graham of Ontario Station. Prof. W. R. Graham of the Ontario station characterizes the points of a weak and a constitutionally strong fowi as follows: What we want Is a good feeder and an economical producer. Generally, b. bird with a short, stout, well-curved beak, a broad head (not too long), and a bright, clear eye. has a good constitution. And I have noticed that when a bird has a long, narrow beak, a thin, long comb and head, and an eye eomewhat sunken in the &«S!lgssw ' ; i >A Excellent Type of Meat Breed. head, i t is usually lacking in consti­ tution. Such a bird is likely to have a narrow, long body and long legs, upon which it seldom stands straight. There are some exceptions to this rule, yet generally speaking if a Mrd has a good head the chances are favorable for a good body; and, if i t has a poor bead, the chances are against i t . I have frequently noticed In the rose-comb breeds that a good shaped one is seldom found with a long, narrow comb. RANGE TO FATTEN TURKEYS Birds Must Have Plenty of Exercise to Promote Good Appetite--Feed Plenty of Corn. (By ANNA GAI-TGHER.) Turkeys should have free range while being fattened for market. We used to fatten the turkeys in small enclosures but discontinued this several years ago because they did not seem to thrive well. After the first few days they would begin to lose their appetite, no mat­ ter how great a variety of food was given. The whole trouble was lack of ex­ ercise. If a turkey cannot get plenty of exercise it cannot have a good ap­ petite and of course will not gain in weight. Give the turkeys plenty of corn these days and see that they have plenty of sharp grit . Better sti l l , let the turkeys have free access to a corn field for a few weeks. AGE OF EGGS IS INDICATED Rubber Stamp, Invented by Washing ton Man, Prints Date and Name of Farm as Guarantee. Recently a great many egg dealers, especially those who own their poul­ try farms, have the eggs stamped with the date on which they were laid and, Bometimes, with the name of the farm fcs a guarantee. An egg stamp in vented by a man in the state of Wash­ ington appears herewith. It consists of a hollow cylinder with an axle CHICKS HATCHED IN OCTOBER Will Feather Out Before Cold Weath«r Sets In and Cockerels Attain 8alable Size. (By SYLVANUS VAN AKEN.) These late hatched chicks may be made profitable If one has & separate pen for them. Good ferti le eggs r^n usually be secured in September or early October at a reasonoble cost. The chicks will feather out before cold weather sets in and the cockerels attain salable size at a time when they command good prices. Lice are not l ikely to be troublesome at this t ime of year. The pullets will begin laying as soon as they are old enough, which is just as the natural breeding season arrives in spring. They are not mature enough to make good breeding stock, but will lay well all summer and fall when other fowls have largely stopped. If you have accommodations for them pet a few hens or start an Incubator and later you will be able to report good results. PARTS OF THE CORN KERNEL DESCRIBED GRAIN FEEDER FOR POULTRY Newly Invented Device Depends on Same Principle as Is Used in Baiting Animal Trap. A newly invented type of automatic poultry feeder depends upon the same principle that is used in baiting a t;-ap, for the ff^der has a bait that is pecked by the hungTy fowls and, in response, thf machine lets a shower of grain fall on the ground, which they devour, wiys iho Popular Mechanics. The machine consists of a galvan- ized-iron supply fount fil led with grain and a revolving toothed wheel at the base of i t . This wheel is mounted on very delicate bearings which admit of i ts movement at the slightest touch. Attached to the wheel is a shaft which supports the bait . The bait consists of a hollow tube of wire netting con­ taining wheat The fowls see the wheat through the netting and peck at it , causing the toothed wheel to re­ volve and throw out grain from the top supply fount which falls on the low­ er metal cone and Is scattered over the ground almost as efficiently as by hand. This prevents the fowls from gorging themselves. After the feeder has been in use for a time there is no great rush by the fowls to peck the bait as one would 1 inascH s„j Jk-c" SY 1 acair*-vr?• '»-M% C3 M .VI <-V ri fy c: cs i? ti ts ~ - r - { h u l l EMBRYO^/ ROOT J boo Y'looe « oc mm i |Thorny nsiaixM ftiORHY (GLUTEN EMBRYO)/ ROOT J -(GERM . J TTP (SrARCH JTIP 1.CAP Section of a Corn Kernel. Automatic Poultry Feeder, imagine. Some fowls, the ' wise' ones, wait around in a circle where the grain will be thrown and the one which pecks the grain usually gets very little of it. Turkeys Thrive on Alfalfa. A Nebraska ranchman has uore than 200 acres of wild land, too dry for cultivation without irrigation, and makes a good living by raising tur­ keys. A small creek runs through the plate, and along its side grow some cottonwood trees. About 200 acres of this farm have been sown to alfalfa, and in spite of the absence of much rain it thrives very well. The old ranch owner raises from POO to 1.200 turkeys every year, and about the only care he gives them is to feed them alfalfa. Water Essential. Lack of a constant supply of c l e a r , pure, fresh water before the fowls means defeat in the end. Good Egg Requirements. It takes knowledge, experience anu skill to produce a good egg. Stamp for Eggs. through the center and one side fiat tened. Across the flattened side are slots and through these slots the type protrudes. The type is mounted on wheels which revolve op. the axle and can be adusted to suit^the date in an Instant. When adjxrsted the owaer is provided with a rubber stamp with which he can implant on each egg the tlnjo of i ts arrival into the world and the place where it was laid The cylinder opens at one end for easy access to the type wheels. The Barred Rocks. The Barred Plymouth Rocks are at­ tractive when properly selected and rigidly bred, and much can be said of this breed as profitable farmyard birds. As layers they are well known, and few breeds excel them when it comes to broilers and friers. Consumes Most Grit. A turkey will consume more grit than any of the poultry kept on the farm. Filth and health are arch enemies. Recklessness is a short road to failure. During inclement weather fowls are better Indoors than out. It is the wise poultryman who stu­ dies the comfort of his fowls. The merits of the scratching shed are shown during bad weather A pint of kerosene in a gallon of whitewash makes an excellent insect! cide. , The closer fowls are confined the greater the need for variety in their food ration. It is an easy matter to overfeed fowls, and poultrymen should bear this in mind. As a rule, the larger the number of fowls kept the smaller the expense in proportion. In poultry breeding, util i ty should be the first consideration; beauty should follow. Washing the eggs opens the pores and hastens decay. It is beet to keep the nests clean. Chills, wet food and lack of sun shine are the main causes of bowel trouble in chicks. The oily nature of ducks' feathers keeps them from being seriously bothered with lice. In order to manufacture eggs it is necessary for a hen to be supplied with the proper material Eggs cannot be produced without nitrogenous food in some form. Sup­ ply fresh cut bone if possible. To make sure that fowls have enough grit i t should be kept where they can help themselves at will . I t is a good rule to give fowls all they will eat up clean Some days the appetite will b® greater than other days. FROM "STUDIES OF CORN AND ITS USES," PREPARED BY FRED H. RANKIN, Superintendent of Agricultural Exten­ sion, University of Illinois. There are six distinctly different parts in a kernel of corn, as will be readily seen by reference to the figure 1. Tip Cap--This is a small cap cov­ ering the tip end of the kernel and serves as a protection to the end of the germ. It consists of material somewhat resembling the cob and oc­ casionally in shtUing corn the tip cap remains attached to the cob, leaving the tip end of the Rprm uncovered, but nearly always it remains on the Kernel 2. Hull--This is th.> very thin outer covering of the kernel. It consists largely of carbohydaues, especially fiber or cellulose, although it also con­ tains a small percentage of other con stituents 3. Horny Glutenous Part--This part l ies immediately underneath the hull . It constitutes a 6econd covering of the kernel, usually much thicker than the hull . For short i t is called horny glu­ ten, although it is, of course, not pure gluten. However, i t is the richest in protein of any part of the corn kernel. 4. Horny Starchy Part--This part l ies next to the horny gluten, on the back and sides of the kernel. For short i t is called horny starch, al­ though it is not pure starch, as it contains considerable amounts of other constituents, especially of protein. In an examination of the kernel with the unaided eye the horny glutenous part i and the horny starchy part are not I readily distinguished from each other, the line between them being | somewhat indefinite and indistinct. Considered both together these two parts constitute the horny part of the | kernel. 5. White Starchy Part--This part j CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL FIBERS BY CHARLOTTE M. GIBBS, (From "Household Textiles." By Cour­ tesy of Whltcomb &. Barrows) | In order to be serviceable in a tex- I t i le fabric, a fiber must possess suffi- | cient length to be woven and a physi- j cal structure which wjj.l l permit of several fibers being spun together, S thereby yielding a continuous thread [ of considerable tensile strength and | pliabili ty. These characteristics are i present in greatest degree in cotton, : l inen , wool and s i lk , and all these 1 niav be suceessfullv bleached and dyed. The following simple classifica­ tion gives the fibers which may be used, according to their origin, and 1 a ids in the study of characteristics. Vegetable Fibers -Cotton, l inen, i jute. hemp, ramie, pineapple, aloe and many other plant fibers used more or less in different parts of the globe. Animal Fibers--Silk, the wool of sheep, alpaca, l lama, camel, angora goat and other hairs or wools of ani­ mals used for weaving of felting into cloth. Mineral and Artificial Fibers--This group is not very important to the av­ erage student of textiles Asbestos i s the common example, and is chiefly valuable for i t s non-conducting and 1 f i reproof Qual ' t i es . Although the use ' of asbestos for spinning and weaving i s l imited, i t may be mixed with col- ton or linen and spun, the vegetable f l te r be inz r .MiMV.-d l . t t t r by burning or it may be s-;un al< ne Anu'iig the j KEEP HEN BUSY SCRATCHING Should Be Aim of Poultryman to Breed Fowls That Will Lay Eggs Every Month in Year. It is well e n o u g h t o m a k e the h ' n s c r a t c h f o r a l i v i n g b u t * < • m u s t ^ c a r e f u l t o p r o v i d e h e r w i t h • ' l ' 1 ' ' w h e r e s h e c a n g e t i t b y t - c r a t c h i ' . i g ' < > set her at work in tie- m.dd!' ' <>t bare barn floor, and expect her to f i n d h e r l i v i n g t h e r e w o u l d b " ! giving a man a well-boiled bone and e x p e c t h i m t o p r o v i d e h i m s e l f w i t h nutrit ious soup. To be sure, i t is exasperating to s^e the hens standing idly around when eggs are being eagerly snapped up at SO cents a dozen; but let us remem­ ber that a man changes his clothes every day, and the hen ought to have time to do so once a year, and if she is rather long in the operation. 6he IB ready for eight months of work when It is done Let us. therefore, be pa­ tient and give the hen time to change her clothes. If she Is compelled, as ah« oS'-en la. to roost on the b&re occupies the crown end of the kernel above the germ and it also nearly sur­ rounds the germ towards the tip ol the kernel. For convenience this ma­ terial is called white starch, although it is not pure starch. In some kernels the horny starch extends nearly or quite to the germ (near the middle of the kernel) and thus separates more or less completely the white starch into two parts, which we call crown starch and tip 6tarch. 6. Germ -- The germ occupies the center of the front of the kernel tow­ ard the tip end and usually e-xtends about one half or two-thirds of the length of the kernel. Within the body of the germ are the embryo root point­ ing upward toward the crown end and the embryo root pointing downward toward the tip end of the kernel, both of \wbich are, of course, parts of the germ. These embryo parts within the germ may be easily seen by any­ one who will carefully shave off the front side of the germ from a kernel of corn. It is not a difficult matter to obtain pure samples of each of the above- named parts of the corn kernel, al­ though in making the separations there is of necessity some waste mate­ rial consisting of a mixture of three different parts, namely, horny gluten, horny starch and white starch. A bushel of ordinary shelled corn, weighing pounds, contains about 4'*» pounds of germ, 36 pounds of dry starch, 7 pounds of gluten (rich in pro­ tein). and 5 pounds of bran or hull (mostly fiberl, the balance in weight being made up of water, soluble mat­ ter. etc. The value of the germ lies in the fact that It contains over 40 per cent, of corn oil , worth, say five cents per pound, while the starch is worth 11 a cents, the gluten one cent, and tin hull about one-half cent per pound. artificial fibers used might be men­ tioned various metallic threads, but the most important fiber is artificial silk I t is a derivatfve either of cellu­ lose or of gelatin. Vegetable fibers are plant cells Their structure is simple and they are largely made up of cellulose, with more or less foreign material, such as plan' waxes, resins, etc. They are various parts of the plants, such as seed hairs, as cotton; stem fibers, as flax. hemp. jut« and ramie; leaf fibers, as Manila hemp aud various species of aloe; or finally, they may be fruit fibers, as coir, or cocoanut fiber, which comes from the covering of the cocoa- nut fruit The seed hairs are single-celled fkb« •rs, almost pure cellulose; the bast fibers, or those coming from the stem ot the plants, are multicellular, and must be separated from the woody ma­ terial in which they are imbedded. Animal fibers are nitrogenous fibers, protein, containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and in some cases sulphur, phosphorus and other mineral matters. They are cither appendages to the skin of animals, as wool and ilie various hair fibers, or they are animal secretions, as silk and the se­ cretion of various spiders, mollusks, etc The difference In structure of the i n d i v i d u a l f i b e r s a n d c l a s s e s of fib"rs, and the difference in chemical reac tions, makes necessary very different methods in the treatment of these fibers in their manufacture into cloth In physical structure the fibers dif­ fer in length, diameter, strength, elas­ t i c i t y . c o l o r . l u s t e r a n d m i c r o s c o p i c charae t eristics. branches of a free, she will need eyerv f» ather she can pile on Sine" we are specializing in dairy­ ing and other things, it should be our a im to breed hens that will l ay in evnr v month of the year, by regulat­ ing the time of hatching We have done wonders in that direction, out we have not yet reached the top no 'ch The hen of the next decade wil l be a wonderful improvement up­ on the hen of today, energetic as she i s We may even be abb' to set ner c h e e r f u l c a c k l e t o m u s i c . Little Rodent Mingles With Big Crowd of Shoppers in New York City. YOUNG AMERICA HELPS Most of the Women Fled, but the Big Scene Came When One of the Fair Ones Lost a Dainty Shoe in Which the Animal Seeks Refuge. BLISSFUL 8UPP08ITI0N. f New York.--A wee gray mouse, hardly out of i ts Infancy, suddenly ap­ peared on the sidewalk the other day on crowded Westchester avenue In front of Raumann's shoe store at No. 740. The broad thoroughfare was full of women shoppers. It was a question who was scared most, the women or the li t t le mouse Mousie sig-zigged across the sidewalk In frantic efforts to find a hole. His every turn was followed by shrill screams of the women, who even dropped their bundles in their haste. One woman 'raised her skirts and made a flying leap, landing on the running board of a passing automobile and thus made her escape. Others were not so agile or fortunate. They had to keep on running until out of the zene of danger In less--much less--time than it takes to write it , there was not a wom­ an in sight. The small boy took her place in great numbers Here was a sport with some class! They formed a hollow square and encouraged the mouse in his every li t t le movement Poor li t t le mousie dashed from side to side, his terrified squealing sound lng above the delighted shouts of young America. Tut the big scene was to come. Mousie had tired Motionless, his beedy eyes flaming with terror, he crouched back against the store window. Then the door opened and utterly uncon­ scious of the excitement without, her mind evidently Intent on the brand new French heel t ies that adorned her shapely feet, out came a "baby doll ." The meeting between the young wam- an and mousie was accurately timed Both gazed throbbingl.v Into each oth­ er 's eyes at the psychological mo­ ment Then both fled, and in the same direction. Young America became de­ lirious with the very Joy of l iving. Miss Black--Mr. Brown, does you know whut a bird of paradise is? Mr. Brown--Well, of co'se I doesn 't know foh sure, but when I gits ter de nex' worl ' I wouldn't be a bit surprise ter diskuvah dat it was a spring chick- en. Where Autos Are Barred. Prince Edward island bars automo­ biles, not because the islanders can­ not afford the machines, but because of accidents caused by the reckless­ ness of drivers who brought in the first cars They caused many run­ aways. and a few had tragic endings The legislature at once passed a law I barring autos from the island. Some j of the lending cities have since en- I deavored to have the enactment re pealed, but the country influence has j a lways been strong enough to over i come all such efforts. [Stops Coughs-Cures Colcfg] The Wretchedness of Constipation | Can quickly be overcome bv i CARTER'S LITTLE j LIVER PILLS. Purely vegetal-' •--act surely am ' gently on the liver. C giliousne H e a d ­ a c h e , Dizzi- . , ness, and Indigestion. They do their dut)k SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE, SMALL PRICE. Genuine must bear Signature FREE TO ALL SIIFFIRII8 If jvn 'out of sorts*'--' '5 or '• *. bio es. '1 snt ' t-r tmm kldnff.b.&dder.nerroog dfsoa&eit Chronic wi'Uknvss's ulcers,skin eruptions.plIps.Ac^ wrlle for my iHib- 'K book, i t is tbe most instmctir# medical ev>>r wmton. It u>lls al I about ttx-s# diseases and the remarkablecnr^seffe'-iedbyttseNew French Kempdy "THERAPIOX" N". 1. No.2. No.S and yoacan decide f. .r y>r:rself if t t Isihe rftmMT far T O O T ailment- !>>n t s,>nd % cent, l i s absolutely FHKKlNv> "follow-ap'Vi rcnlars. Dr.l.eCl«r( >Ie<L ITTLE Co., i iaveretock Hampit«ad, His Every Turn Was Followed by 8creams. "Baby doll" and mousie were acclaim­ ed. 'Baby doll" lost one of her shoes. Exposed to the winter air was a dain ty, silkclad foot and ankle. Wild cheers rent the air. With appealing e>es. "Baby doll" stood on one foot, l iut mousie became master of the sit- j uatiou. There was a friendly refuge from the world--lady's siipper! in a- flash he was in it and hidden. I Then Patrolman William Murphy of the Tremont avenue station forced his way into the crowd and rescued "Baby I doll" t irst , then mousie. Mousie was allowed to escape and Baby doll" ac- ctpted her slipper after it was proved that there was nothing in it . Cause of Indigestion. Th» heavy feeding of corn, espe­ cially where there is an absence of good, hard, sharp grit , will bring on bad cases of indigestion, which in many ways resembles cholera. About 92 of 100 reported cholera victims are cases of ifidlgestion. The end is the same, but the latter disease la not contagious. What Fowls Eat. Most birds eat two and one-half t imes their own weight every daj. TURKEY PARADE IN TEXAS 20,COO Thanksgiving Dinners March In Streets of Cuero, With Governor and Staff in Lead. Cuero, Tex.--Twenty thousand Thanksgiving and Christmas din­ ners paraded the streets of Cuero, with (Jovernor Colquitt and staff in uniform leading. The dinners are 2 < \ - 000 turkeys which participated In Cuero's famius turkey trot, a celebra­ tion that will lust three days. The birds were driven through the streets afoot, and their "gobbles" could be heard all over town. By holding the birds so long farmers lost in prices, and the commercial club will make this loss good, besides offering prizes. It was the turkeys' last dress parade, for after finishing their march they were led to slaughter pens, where 70 Onegroes were employed for kill ing and dressing. The birds will fi l l 30 cars. TO OPEN "POOR MAN'S BANK" Citizens of Duluth Have Plan to Drive Out Sharks Whio Charge Exorbitant Rates. Duluth. Minn.--At a Joint meeting of half a dozen civic organizations here it was decided to open a "poor man's bank " to lend money to those in temporary need at a low rate of interest The action taken is in l ine with a movement Btarted some time ago to force the salary and furniture loan agents, who, It Tb claimed, in many instances lend money at as high an Interest as 300 per cent a year, out of business. Why Girls Postpone. Nell--Isn't Alice soon going to marry Jack? Belle--I don't know. She says she hates to give up the dollar and a half shows for the ten cent moving pic­ tures. $85 TO $?no r p-v jobs i\ fk ^ith. Learn a n«w ipii \Vks. Weh»ve In... _ huiidreil men before 3lay l»t ( 1913. INDIANA SCHOOL OF TRACTTONEER'WL 100 PINE LAKE AVE., LAP0RTE, SND. Dr. Plereo's Pleasant Pellet* *ure consti­ pation. Constipation is the cause of many diseases. Cure the cause aud you cure the disease. Easy to take. Adv. Mind unemployed is mind unenjoy- ed.--Bovee. Mrs. Wlnslow's Soothing Syrup for Children teething, softens the gums, reduces inflamma­ tion, allays pai n, r urea w ind col ic, 26c a botUe-A*. 1*1 ELI) OLIMlTEl) f o r t h i s r a p i d seller. Agt nts can g. t rk h with it Every one yott ftpprnnch needs It . Nine out of ten will buy. Penrt for proofs, thev will convlncr yn:i 100% profit . H. J. SMITH * < 0. . 1S17 ESCANABA AV* . MIC*? «jr flkJ tffee 1* v$ J t - . * I W - • < * > • ' Bondoman'i Actinic Songs; bestererpublished, Hxprrnsly arranged tor school.cbureb .clnb,literary, dramatic snd murical entertainments. Send for de­ scription. til--III, SUfclgaa Pardon others often, thyself never --PubU'v1 0 Agents Wanted to Introduce high-grads •peclalty Into every home; quick Bale*, big p ro f i t s ; s end fo r pa r t i cu la r s today . ftOLTOW SPECIALTY CO.. Box 7<M. Sarmitttah. HI. 4 MO *912. <> \ v\ s v. For infants amd CliiMrea. ALCOHOL-3 PER CENT A\Vf ctable Preparation for As similating fhe Food and Repi'to Promotes DigcstionjCheerful- ness and Re si Contains neither Opium.Morphine nor Mineral NOT \ARC OTIC AW/pr SOU DrSAMUEimarEX S**d ' J0(x * MnAeUt So/tt - df%U4 * Wtrm -derated Sufmf Wtmkrfrrt* Ffavor A perfect Remedy for Constipa­ tion . Sour^Stomach,Diarrhoea Worms .Convulsions .Feverish- ness and LOSS OF SLEEP FacSimile Signature of THE CENTAUR COMPANY, NEW YORK. The ind You mm Always Bought Bears the Signature [Guaranteed under the Foodai^ fo r Over Thirty Years CASTDRIA You Could Bo It Too. in the F erlile Northwest QOne mail Liiude a bountiful living for his family (he has 11 children) and put $2,385 in the bank as the result of the season's yield from his 40 acres of irrigated land in this productive country. This is not cited as an excep­ tional case. ©The "PROSPERITY STATES OF AMERICA" is the name we apply to Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, ̂ &(^h^u*y Northern Pacific R'y QTo locate along this line is to assure yourself oi fertile soil, nearby markets, quick transportation, good neigh­ bors, good schools, progressive communities and increas­ ing land values. Investigate now! 9Ask for free descriptive literature about the state that most interests you. Let us help you to locate in the Fertile North­ west where you will prosper. Write today L. J. BRICKER, Gen'I Immigratioa A^ENT Nortkeri Pacific Railway St. Paul, Mian. We will be glad to advise you of low rates for winter AT spring trips if you will Btata tim© yoii&wish to go and dasunauon you wish to reach or points you want to cover. ^ shU'S'S"" HAIR BALSAM tad tZ *u.r b o*i r . cot* h* : ^