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MHENRY PLAINDEALER, M HENRY, ILL.. ^RAFFLES LOST FINE CHANCE Sleepy BtMe, Too Tired to Put Pres­ ent! Away, Leave* Note for Mr. Burglar. ^L.HUSSAKOF ihjfll? AMERICAN ClUXUCI JOURNAL Uv. ijMa &• fe' Iv--^ fiy SEf>;= iO' f. V . ww- il • I' p To the time of the "Challenger" I expedition, very little was known re- I garding the fish life qf the abyssal l depths of the sea. Only about. 30 species were known. But the won- derful collections brought back by the • "Challenger" from her four-yeaf * ^ cruise (1873-1876) made known the vast diversity, the strangeness and even weirdness of this fish fauna. Several hundred kinds of deep-sea fishes had been collected--some of them dredged from a depth of more than a mile--and it required a huge quarto to describe and picture them. Prom this volume dates our real knowledge of the fishes of the abyssal deep. The "Challenger" expedition was, inded, a "Columbus voyage" in Ichthyology; it opened a new chapter In the his­ tory of the science. Since that time many deep-sea exploring ex­ peditions have been "sent out by the various na­ tions, and hosts of other fishes have been brought up from the oceans in all parts of the world. More than a thousand species are now known, and we can appreciate at its full value the j-ichness and strangeness of this fauna. Moreover, not only do we know the fishes them­ selves, but, as a result of the scientific investi­ gations carried on by the various expeditions, we now know a good deal of the physical con­ ditions under which they live, so that we can, in a measure at least, explain the why and where­ fore of their extraordinary characteristics. .When weHhink of life in the deep-sea, there comes to mind, first of all, the'enormous pres­ sure which these creatures must withstand. This pressure .becomes the greater the deeper we go down, and in the profoundest depths it equals thousands of pounds to the square inch. The result of this pressure is that the tissues of these fishes are tender and loosely knitted together. When they are brought up out of the dark depths, and the great pressure under which they live is removed, the explosion of the gases with­ in them bulges out the eyes, and often blows, out the viscera" through the mout^h, while the mus­ cles collapse, leaving them soft and flabby like moist ragB. Most deep-sea fishes are very small also, usually only a few inches in length, and it is probable that this reduction in size has come about, to some extent at least, from the great pressure under which they live. Another important condition is the dimness of light, or «ven darkness in the profound depths of the , sea. If wo imagine ourselves descend­ ing intb the deep ocean, we see the light grow dimmer and dimmer as we go down, until finally a level is reached beyond which no light pene­ trates at all. The entire vast depth below It, is In eternal darkness Now the fishes living in this dim light, or fit total darkness, have been profoundly modified by it. In some forms the eyes have become very small, and in some cases have entirely disappeared. There are even fishes in which the skin and scales of the body have grewn over the place where the eyes should be, so that these fishes are, as has been aptly said, "blind beyond redemption." Other forms, on the other hand, have been affected In an entirely different wa7. The eyes, instead of growing smaller, have grown larger, as if in an attempt to catch every fleeting ray of light. Ill some fishes this has b«en carried so far that the eyes have become like enormous goggles. Most deep-sea fishes have luminous organs of one kind or another, so that they carry their own-iight about with them. In some the entire body glimmers, the coating of slime which exudes from the pores and lateral canals, emit­ ting a soft silvery glow. In others rows of mi­ nute, luminous organs run along £he sides of the body, or there are flashing light-spots on the head or face. What a wonderful sight would be to us a small black fish flitting through the si­ lence and darkness of the deep with its head­ lights and row of pores gleaming through the darkness like some small ship passing through the night with ItR portholes all aglow! Some deep-sea fishes have a luminous organ at the end of a feeler on the head. A pertinent question may be asked: How do we know tbese fishes glow and glimmer, since no human" eye has ever beheld them in their abyssal home? We know this partly from anal­ ogy and partly from actual observation. When one is in a boat in the tropics, on one of those sultry nights when everything is a dead calm, and the black clouds hang so low that sky and sea form one continuous blackness, then one may see the glimmering fishes darting out of the path of the boat, their forms, silvery and ghost­ like, outlined for one moment against the black­ ness of the sea. This effect is chiefly due to the oxidizing of the slimy secretion covering their bodies. Why shall we not believe, then, that in deep-sea fishes a similar phenomenon takes place, particularly aa la many of them SMILE ALWAYS HAS A VALUE the slime pores and canals are greatly developed and must exude large quantities of slime? Then too, on deep-sea expeditions, on favorable occa­ sions, as for instance, a dark calm night, fishes that have been brought to the surface and placed in water were seen to flash light from the ends of the tentacles or the phosphorescent pores, precisely as we should have expected from a study of these organs. Major Alcock, In his interesting volume. "A Naturalist In Indian Seas," mentions a specimen brought up from a profound depth which "glimmered like a ghost as it lay dead at the bottom of the pail of tur­ bid seawater." So that by Inference, as well a* by actual observation, we must believe that what we call luminous organs in deep-sea fishes, emit light into the darkness about them. In the case of fishes totally blind, the absence of light Is compensated for by the development of enor­ mous antennaeliku feelers, modified from ftn rays, so that these fishes can feel their way, a* It were, through the darkness. The absence of light, however, entails another important consequence. As is well known, no plant life can exist In darkness. There 1b there­ fore no vegetation of any kind in the profound depths of the sea. The deep-sea fishes are, In consequence, all carnivorous, the more powerful onet seizing and devouring the weaker ones. It is n cold black world where might reigns an-, preme. Many Have enormous mouths, and for­ midable teeth to insure holding the prey. In some forms the teeth are so large that the mouth eannot be shut! The temperature of the water in the pro'ound depths1 of the sea. is always low and near the freezing point. This is true everywhere, even at the equator. Undoubtedly this has an effect upon the fishes, although It is not yet known what it is. The amount of oxygen dissolved In the water also, is much less than in water nearer the surface. The breathing apparatus of the deep-sea fishes is modified to suit their peculiar conditions. The grill filaments have become much reduced in size, and In a number of instances some of the gill arches bear no gill filaments at all. The fishes are apparently adapted to a much smaller oxygen supply than those living in rivers or in the shallow sea. When we think of the vast diversity among these fishes, the question arises: Are they all representatives of a single family or gtfoup that has become specially adapted to life in the deep sea: or do they belong to different families or groups? One need hardly be an ichthyologist to answer this question. Even a curBory exam­ ination of the plates in a work on deep-sea fishes will show that different types are repre­ sented. In fact, t. great many families are in­ cluded in the deep-tea fauna. There are sharks and rays; salmor.clds. herrings, perches, eels, and representatives of many other families. We can explain this heterogeneity among them „in this way. We mar imagine that fishes of many different kinds in tbelr search, so to speak, for the unoccupied corners of the sea. found a haven in these deeper waters where they were free from pursuit by thoir enemies. In the course of time they migrated farther and farther into the deep, a change in habits taking place pari passu with the changes in structure. Having started out with different organizations, and possessing different degrees of variability, they became dif­ ferentiated in diverse directions. 60 that while some developed enormous mouths, powerful teeth, or phosphorescent organs, others became, bottom-living and partly or completely lost tbelr eyes. Still others developed long feelers for groping their way through the darkness. Now and again, however, fishes of separate groups developed similar structures, so that there are many striking cases among deep-sea fishes of what the biologist calls "convergence." or paral­ lelism. The museum has recently prepared for exhi­ bition a number of typical deep-sea fishes ar­ ranged in the form of a group. The preparation of this exhibit involved many technical difficul­ ties, such as the modeling of the fishes in trans­ parent or translucent media, to rapresent them as glimmering or shining with lit-up "portholes." Considerable experimenting was -into the accomplish this group, but all the difficulties were overcome, thanks to the ingenuity and perseverance of Mr. F. F. Horter of the museum's taxidermist staff. The group, as it is now installed, represents ten types of deep-sea fishes. It Is not, of course, a group in the sense of the habitat groups displayed in the museum; it is not a section, so to speak, taken from nature and trans­ planted to the museum. In nature so many deep-sea fishes are not to be found In so small a space. What the group represents is a number of fishes which are in nature scattered over a vast area and through a great height of water, -here brought together for museum purposes Into a few square feet of space. Each fish is reproduced accurately with its phos­ phorescent pores and tentacles as these are known to exist. With one or two exceptions they are enlarged several times, as the fiohes themselves are very small. And since it is known that the phosphorescent organs do not glow with a steady light, the illumination of the group has been arranged so as to have these luminous organs flash intermittently. Furthermore, the Installation Is arranged so that one may view the fishes for a. few seconds in full light, as If in a synoptic exhibit, and then see them, when the light goes out, as they are supposed to appear In the darkne'ss of the profound depths, lit up only by their own phosphorescent organs. Near the top of the group is seen a flsh which lives on the border line between the region of dimness and total darkness. Many of the fislfes living in this region are not of a uniform somber hut, but are brilliantly colored. Neoscopelus is one of these. The body is "one dazzling sheen of purple and silver and burnished gold, amid which Is a sparkling constellation* of luminous organs" (Alcook). The glowing fish in the center Is Barathronus diaphanus. a small fish known from a single specimen, which was dredged In the Indian ocean at a depth of a little over four-flfths of a mile. The model of It is one and one-half times the natural size. The phosphorescent flsh with the curious long tail (at the right) Is Olgantura chunt. It, also, is known by only a/ single speci­ men. This was brought up from a depth of four- fifths of a mile in the Gulf of Guinea, on the west coast of Africa. The model is twice the natural size. The two dark fishes with enormous gaping mouths (near the top, at the right) are tifcstros- tomus bairdi. This species is commoner than some of the others, a number of specimens being in several museums. The models of it In the group are copied life-size from a specimen In the museum. The species occurs in the Atlantic ocean, near the American coast, in the path of ocean liners. Specimens have been dredged from a depth of nearly three miles. Near the bottom of the group at the left-hand side, is seen an eellike fish with a line of lit-up pores. This is an enlarged model of Styloph- thalmus paradoxus, a email silvery fish widely distributed in all the oceans, whose young also are known. The generic name it bears was given it in allusion to the fact that the eyes are perched on long slender tentacles. The species ranges from a depth of a little less than a mile to two and one-half miles. Another form with tentacles is Gigantactis vanhoeffeni. a species typical of many deep-Bea fishes which have a tentacle, terminating in a luminous organ, at­ tached to the head. This tentacle serves as a lure for attracting prey. The present species is known by only two specimens which were found in the Indian ocean at a mPe and a mile and a half from the surface. The creature is a very small fish, the model being enlarged six times local Raffles missed the op­ portunity of his life the other night," said a young Philadelphia traveling man just returned from a trip to the middle West "As yo^lcnow, I was married last April, and have Installed my bride in a pretty suburban cottage. "Now, I never realized to what ex­ tent my customers appreciate me until their wedding presents began to pour In. And these gifts, being shipped t o. b. Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland or some other distant city, the parcels invariably made up in value for what they lacked in size. Meanwhile my family and that of my bride had not been idle, and my firm alwdys does the handsome thing; consequently the result was a collection of which any married couple might be proud. "By making cloBe connections this trip I was able to reach home a day or two ahead of schedule, being some­ what disturbed by accounts in the Philadelphia papers of a daring rob­ bery in the very next block to that in which I live. It was nearly 2 a. m. when I entered the house, and, great­ ly to my surpris^, spread out in full view on the big table in the hall were numerous jewelers' boxes, large and small, containing our cherished and expensive wedding gifts. " 'The little woman has been show­ ing her presents to visitors, and must have been too sleeky to carry them upstairs again,' I mused aloud. 'Rather risky business with burglars in the neighborhood!' "Just then I noticed a large paste­ board card tilted in a conspicuous po­ sition against the lamp. On it, in my wife's handwriting, was inscribed the following: " 'Mr. Burglar: These are all the val­ uables in the hou$e. Take them and welcome, if you will only please to leave us unharmed upstairs.'" HI8 STATUS. "As a motcrlst, is Jinks In the running?" "Is he? He ran up a bill for repairs, ran down a woman in the street, ran away from a running comment of the crowd and wa8 run in by a po­ liceman." NATURALLY. "The new Idea of freBh-air games is working well in' the Insane asylum, isn't It?" "Yes. Indeed The inmates are just eras? about it." JUST IT. "That motorist was developing railroad speed when the cop got him." "I see. A case of arrested development" Be a Lesson in This for v Who Think Life Is Apparently for the big, and lie must have ,'calt in wheat just befor® the two million bushels con­ tract with the alUes was canceled, for Pe slammed his office door shut with a bang and n'umbled something TtJrTTT- ' ' ' : > - ^ of market as he shambled out street. He might have known that one .us would have to turn out. but be expected me to do It, and I wasn't in a pleasan-. frame of mind myself, what with a trying headache all afternoon nhd a fuss with the boss. So I didn't propose to get out of somebody's way vhen 1 was on the right side and he was wrong. ~ Well, we couldn't walk through each other, so we just natnratiy came to- srhiia f-.f nm&i. ;• proceeded to cuss me as he had Just finished cussing the market, and 1 tried to make him understand that he couldn't walk over me, 'regardless of markets. Then Benny came hobbling along; Benny Paul, who wap wbistlinS to beat me band! 'His small, 'rail body was bent on crutches and he was lug- g'ng a big bundle of papers that Beemed almost too much for hln£ but he was whistling. Just the same. Not a worry nor a car**, making the best ef today aad L iplng for the bestfroui • i ' *' ' ̂ 0- ̂ He stopped mister?" he an uncertain tomorrow aiid smiled. "Paper. called cheerily. I exchanged a sheepish glance with the big business man. and he dug down in his trousers pocket and said: Til take ..he whole bundle." Then he paid Benny for them and gave them back, and I bought them and did the same thing, and we all whis­ tled!--St. Paul Pioneer Press. the Indian in EngU ih- flll order* an Machine Slays by Wireless. An electrical machine Invented by a St Paul man may be used by Ger­ many in killing enemies With wireless, according to a St. Paul dispatch to the Philadelphia Record. The machine was first developed to kill rabbits in North Dakota. Charles F. Billows, aided by electricians, perfected the machine, which flashed rabbits and dogs to death at a distance of 107 feet. Electricity for experiments was obtained from a Thomas street trolley wire. When the present war broke out the inventor realized its possibilities. Eng­ lish and French officers were sounded as to Its availability, but they refused. The machine then was turned oveV to Germany, where it was accepted for experimentation. "1 believe it was used in the present Russian campaign," said Billows. "The possibilities of the machine are un­ limited. With a large voltage there is no reason why human beings could not be flashed to death at long dis­ tances. I believe Russian powder sta­ tions were set off by our machine." Breaquing It Gently. , "We begin the publication of The Roccay Mountain Cyclone with some phew diphphicultieB in the way. The type pbounders phrom whom we bought out outphit phor this printing ophphlce phailed to supply us with any ephs or cays, and it will be phour or phive weex bephor we can get any. We have ordered the missing let­ ters, and will have to get along with­ out them until they come. We don't llque the loox ov this variety ov spell­ ing any better than our readers, but mistax will happen in the best regu­ lated phamilles. and iph the ph's and the c's and x's and q's hold out we shall ceep (sound the C hard) The Cy­ clone whirling aphter a phashion till the sorts arrive. It Is no Joque to us --it's a serious aphphair."--Every­ body's. Mikado's Coronation Robe. For the coronation ceremonies at Kyoto this fall the emperor of Japan, says the Toklo Advertiser, Is having made a full uniform of a design worn by a Shogun of 570 years ago. The costume is being made in the house­ hold department. The cloth has been handed down from old times. Because there was some difference of opinion as to the method of making and sew­ ing this unusual uniform, members of the department in charge of the tailor­ ing were sent to inspect the treasures of the sacred shrine, Atsuta. where ancient costumes of the period are to be found. The dresses at Atsuta are to be brought to Toklo at the request of the household department. Mistake of Our Average Man. With the best Intentions in the world the average man, especially In America, in endeavoring to give every­ thing to his wife, has made it difficult for her to give adequately in return. Our modern American women are brought up too softly to develop he­ roic, or even deeply womanly, qual­ ities. As far as that is true the cry "unsexed" has some justifications, but the feminists are the last group at which it should be leveled.-- Beatrice Forbes-Robertson Hale in McClure's Magazine. Advance for Russian Women. The women's cause in Russia has made a big advance today by the council of ministers approving the plan of the minister of education to throw open the doors of certain uni­ versities to them. Heretofore the edu­ cation of women has been much re­ stricted, the higher schools and univer­ sities being practically closed to all but an occasional special student. Now, thanks to the war and the con­ sequent shortage of men in the pro­ fessions, women are to be admitted to the law, scientific and medical schools. Part-Singing. * Charles \V. Eliot, formerly president of Harvard, in a delightful essay on 'The Happy Life," says he has been told that one of the greatest known pleasure? comes to people who share in part-singing. All singers can verify the truth of this statement. Part- singing brings a wonderful, exhilara­ tion. a rare exaltation of spirit. • John p. Rockefeller tell* this oft himself: "Golfing one bright winter day, had for caddie a boy who didn't me. An unfortunate stroke landed me in a clump of high grass. M,My, my!' I said. 'What am I to do now?* ' 'See that there tree,' said the boy, pointing to a tall tree a mile away. •Well, drive straight for that.' 1 lofted vigorously, and. fortunate­ ly, my ball soared up into the air. It landed, and it rolled right on to the putting green. ' 'How's that, my boy?" I cried. " Gee, boss.' he said, 'if I had your strength and you had my brains, a pair we'd mako!' "-Tit-Bits. Naturally.. "His wife suspects that he lives a double life." "So she is'naturally anxious to find out how the other half lives." The^Limit. "How do you stand the heat?" "Much better than I can stand the man who on talking about it" Roofing The rnarantet- of 5.10 or 15 years Art. tor 8 ply Certain.teed is backed by fhe IargTCSt Roofing and Building1 Paper Mills in the worUL This roofing has Riven excellent service classes of buildings for years and years. It costs less and gives a better service than , wood shingles, and many other types Roofs all over the Ccrtain-tcrrf outliving the period of the General Roofing Manufactories Co. fact T«* CUy _ Ckiuss PW.^WU. St. Ladi BmIm ClmbaJ Drtrvit SufriKM 1 las 3- Pii' Last Corn Land Southeast Missouri Reclaimed Lands the only remaining large body of undeveloped con^land in the r United States. • Land that will double, triple and quadruple in price just aa aure as day follows night. Good corn land will in the future as it has in the pait and does at the present command the highest ^ "^rice. 50,000 acres of good, rich, alluvial, cut-over, bottom land, ' both drained and undrained, level as the Illinois prairie, rich at the Valley of the Nile; no rocks, hills or gumbo, but mellow sandy loam soil, always works well, short mild winters, long growing seasons, abundant yields of all staple crops, corn, wheat, alfalfa, clover, timothy, cow peas, potatoes. Two crops a year off of the same land. Land owned by Himmelberger-Harrison Lumber Company, the largest hardwood manufacturers in Mis- , louri, largest land owners in Southeast Missouri. Men who hare * in the last 15 years sold over 100,000 acres of this same kind of ' land to over 1,000 different people, all of whom have made good. : They have never foreclosed on a purchaser or taken back an acre: of the property. Sales from February first to Sept. 20th, 16,043 ' acres to 133 separate and distinct people. Can you beat it? In 1 ^ tracts of 40 acres up, 10% cash, 10 annual installments with 5% " interest Warranty Deed backed by over $2,000,000 assets on." the payment of only 10% in cash. Can you equal it? Come 999 our corn land. ' 'i Write for full information and free map. Address Dept. A. Himmelberger-HfflisoR Land Silling Company, Cap filrardeau, MISSMI 10c Worth of Will Clear $1.00 Worth of Land Get rid of the stumps and grow big crops on cleared land. Now is the time to clean up your farm while products bring high prices. Blasting is quickest, cheapest and easiest with Low Freez­ ing Du Pont Explosives. They work in cold weather. Writm fur Free Htmdbook of Expta*)*** Mfc 69F, artdf nam* of nsarmst dealer, DU PONT POWDER COMPANY WILMINGTON D£LAWA*E ^k * v >3 Would Be Worth While., Two Irishmen were walking Into Dublin from one of the outlying vil­ lages and fell to discussing the war and the consequent Increase in the cost of living. "But have ye heard the latest news?" says Tim. "No." says Pat. "Phwat is It?" "There's a penny off the loaf." "Bedad," said Pat. "I hope it's off the penny ones." ONLY A FEW PIMPLES But Many More May Come if You Neglect Them. Try Cuticura Free. Cuticura Soap and Ointment are most effective in clearing the skin of pimples, blackheads, redness, rough­ ness, itching and irritation as well as freeing the scalp of dandruff, dryness and itching, besides satisfying every want of the toilet and nursery. Sample each free by mail with Book. A-ddreas postcard, Cuticura, Dept. Y, Boston. Sold everywhere.--Adv. Long-Distance Cash. "Clothes were never so cheap. • dollar goes a long ways in this stored* said the proprietor to the woman cus­ tomer. "How far did your dollar gp?" *afce4. . Sonny. "What do you mean, boyf "1 mean the dollar, ma. tfcat man put into that little racing car oa the wire Did It go as far aa that , other lady's two dollars?" ; Sort of Coolish. The hero-worshiping young girl was fluttering about the soldier Just re­ turned from the fcar. "They tell me." she said, that in times of danger you were as cool as an iceberg." "I should say 1 was," said the young soldier. "Why. I was so cool 1 ac­ tually shivered." When all others fall to pleflM Try Denison'a Coffeft. : ^vf§|- ", - • What Generated It. "What caused the coolness betweea you and .Jones?" "A heated argument." . d V3 "i Important to Mothers Examine carefully every bottle of CASTOR1A, a safe and sure remedy for infants and children, and see that It Bears the Signature In Use For Over SO Tears. Children Cry for Fletcher's Castoria Many men find it difficult to live up to the reputation acquired by making one chance hit. ua cuiiurea, jiuu see uim 11 h°< If, after you have seen her in a ki­ mono, you still love her, your vaccina­ tion "took." Feel All Used Up? Does your back ache constantly? Do you have sharp twinges when stooping or lifting? Do you feel *11 used up­ as if you could just go no further? Kidney weakness brings great discom­ fort. What with backache, headache, dizziness and urinary disturbances it is 00 wonder one feels all used up. Doan's Kidney Pills have cured thou­ sands of just such cases. It's the be|t recommended special kidney lUBSdy. An Illinois Case Mrs. Harvey iRowe, 1620 Moulton Ave., Mattoon. 111., says: "Overwork brought on my kid­ ney trouble and I ,h u d awful back- a * . ' l i e s . I w a s a wreck, all broken down in health and -weak and nervous. I lost over twenty pounds in weight a n d my appetite left me. Doan'a ^ - -- Kidney Pill* re­ stored me to aood Health and I have had no trouble from my kidneys or back since." Gat Doan'i at Any Staff*, 80c a B« DOAN'S «P\DJiV FOSTER-MILB URN CO.. BUFFALO, N. T. M**ry Hour* Ttili a Sif The Army of Constipation la Growing Smaller Every Day* CARTER'S LITTLE LIVER PILLS are responsible-- they not only give relief -- they perma- aentlycure Coa-^ •tipatioa. Mil­ lions use them for Biliousness, Indigestion, Skk Headackc, Salkw Skis. SMALL PILL, SMALL LOSE. SMALL PRICE. Genuine must bear Signature CARTER'S! ITTLE PILLS ABSORB * TRADE MAR*, j.b.S.PA* 1NE will reduce inflamed, swollen Joints, Sprains, Bruises, Soft Bunches; Heals Boils, Poll Evil, Quittor, Fistula and infected sores Quickly as it is a positive antiseptic and germicide. Pleasant ts use; does not blister or n il.c hair, and voacin workihcl 42 00 jcr bcrde. Book 7 M free. ABSORB1NE. JR.,the udiqcc linimnt for i reduce Painful. Swollen Veia*. Went, Stnini. •Cop* k'JJa and inflamrT.mioB. Price Sl.QO vet tfealert or dclixml. Wilt tell you store H Liberal Trill Btrttle lor l?c in tcaop*. W. F. YOUNG. P. D. F..319Teasl*St.. w« N. U. CHICAGO, PATENTS Ritm reaaooapfa t R C. PaMat Uvw Waiti; DC fitgtwst KfeniMS BwtwviM Wklaf* Uityw W --hiacUX Advwe and twofcslnMt C _ U a h a u i n o n y t u M f a « t u » - t o r a f « r -3STC •*iWUvj itooul btvt fartMM AGENTS--Th»K)ont»Tts nrar* Grac tbls UK-umimv '1^'