The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

•r.. ^ •)-' !.* J' %< W< j':1: B <V *' a'.,-.^:-.vt,:T.' '•"• *ls/ -'*'-' : J.' -.. SRlsM^g^!5! v * « . r t ^ w * " ' *My-y\*'4 '**' .• i , - • - T f » ' • * ¥»i&; WeifBWItf' tT-ATODEAtKR. STcttEWRT, lit. %v. p *". 1 >>•. t # & js .;•' jisjs .-." •• u* K-'»t:i: '•'•*!{'< t: mm n *•. • w&m *r tarsggjf, ' j^lJOKE ON JUSTICE. ; For wee&s the body of William 151iaw had been hanging in chains from a gib­ bet near Edinburgh. In daylight and darkness, in sunshine and storm, the poor husk of that unfortunate man swung and creaked. Such a spectacle was not uncommon two hundred years ago, but usually the victim had friends or sympathizers, who gave the passing tribute of a tear. William Shaw, how­ ever, was an object of general execra­ tion; and passersby shook their fists at his swaying form and said his fate was too g6od for him. Parents took their children to see that shriveled relic of humanity, for no moral lessons could be too violent in those days, and cau­ tioned them to mark and remember the punishment of a man who slew his own daughter, as bonnie a lass as there was in Edinboro town. Then one day a clergyman and sev­ eral officers of the law, followed by many citizens, went to that wayside gibbet and tenderly took down all that was left of William Shaw. The re­ mains were borne to the consecrated ground of a church cemetery, and there buried with all pious forms. The min­ ister made a talk that melted all the hearers to tears; and representatives of the law planted a flag on the grave when"the dirt had been filled in. For justice had made a terrible blun­ der, and was doing what she could to remedy tilings. It wasn't much, and the officious Morrison asked her if her father had stabbed her, die nodded her bead and expired. Just then Shaw returned, and when he beheld his daughter lying dead his anguish seemed uncontrollable. But the astute officers believed he was over* acting it. They had made up their col­ lective mind he was guilty, and their belief was confirmed when they no­ ticed blood on his clothing. Ho ex­ plained that he had been cut ou the arm, and he certainly had a cut on the arm; but in all probability he made the wound himself, as an afterthought, when he had left the house. When a policeman gets a theory firmly fast­ ened in his mind, he can make any­ thing dovetail with It. All the evidence was against Shaw, and, although he told a straightfor­ ward story, In his patient, sorrowful way, nobody believed him. He was considered a monster, and had he been allowed to. appear In public he would have been torn to pieces. He said tlmr he talked with his daughter on the absorbing theme of her love affairs until they both lost their tempers, and he left the house, feeling that such recrimination was useless. It was true that his daughter spoke the words at­ tributed to her by Morrison, but he paid no attention to them, thinking they had no significance. When he left the house the girl was alive and well, and had taken a pen and a piece of paper, as though about to do soinie writing. His trial was brief, and be was con­ victed and sentenced to death, the learned judge enlarging greatly upon the enormity of his crime. So one cold November Inorning in 1?21, he stepped .upon the scaffold at Leith Walk, and, after saying that he was innocent of bloodshed, was duly exe­ cuted, and his body was left in chains to the winds and the ravens. For several weeks Morrison had an audience whenever he condescended to talk, and he came to look upon himself as a public benefactor for having been so largely instrumental in bringing that hideous malefactor to justice. Then a new tenant moved Into the other side of the house, the side for­ merly occupied by the Shaws, and the wife of the new tenant being an in­ dustrious woman, she proceeded to give the house a thorough cleaning. While thus engaged she saw a piece of paper protruding l'rom a crevice in the floor just below the mantel. She drew it forth, and when she had read it she ran screaming to the authorities. For the paper showed that justice was a murderer. < The paper was a note written by mi BEA •rs aivd Shrub _ 'are and Culfivaiicav mm IN WINDFALLS MONEY MADS BY TURNING AP. , PLE8 INTO SWEET CIDER. f-t) ift I*. i „.r. His Body Was Left in Chains to the Winds and the Ravens. . . . #, J v lam Shaw was too dead to appre­ ciate it. Shaw was a quiet, industrious. God­ fearing man who occupied one side of a double house in Edinburgn, his daughter Catherine being his house-, keeper. She was a beautiful girl, who had many suitors, and, with a per­ versity that has distinguished many beautiful girls since the world was new she chose as her favorite a man who was unworthy. He was fond of holding high wassail with reckless com­ panions, he looked upon honest toll as a nuisance, and there were many sto­ ries concerning his criminal exploits. Catherine had winning smiles for this undesirable citizen, but she l)ud noth­ ing but frowns for a certain Aleck Graham who wanted to marry her so bad that his bosom ached. Aleck was all a young man should be. He worked fike Sam Hill and saved his money and already owned considerable property. He had ho bad habits and he was handsome and agree­ able. Many a damsel longed to be his bride, but he yearned for Catherine and Catherine yearned for her black sheep. It is not strange that William Shaw was grieved and aggravated. Any safe and sane parent would be incensed over such a condition of affairs. Many and many a time he talked to Cather­ ine, pleading and arguing with her, try­ ing to induce her to appreciate the merits of Graham, and to turn the oth­ er man down. Neither is it strange if he lost his temper once in a while, when the girl stubbornly protested that she'd marry the man of her choice or die an old maid, The other side of the double house was occupied by a man named Morri­ son, and it seems blear that Mr, Mor­ rison had a long nose and longer ears, for when the trouble came upon Shaw. Morrison could repeat front, memory entire dialogues he had heard, wltb his ear to the keyhole. One evening father and daughteY had a longer discussion than was usual, and Morrison was Johnny on the spot, lis­ tening to every word. He heard the girl say, "Cruel father, thou art the cause of my deatl ." Then Shaw left tothe room and went into the street, and When he was gone Morrison heard the girl groaning, as though something was seriously wrong, so he notified the au­ thorities and presently several officers arrived, and entered the Shaw abode. Catherine was lying ou the floor in a pool of blood, a knife by her side. She «ms too tor Hone to speak, and when Catherine Shaw, and addressed to her father. In it she expressed her de­ termination to end her life, but said that he was responsible. "My death," she said, "I lay to your charge. When you read this consider yourself the in­ human wretch who plunged the knife Into the bosom of the unhappy Cath­ erine Shaw." So the judges and lawyers and sher­ iffs and other functionaries who had sent the unfortunate man to a dis­ graceful death got together and agreed that he was entitled, to Christian burial und a flag over his grave. This case is celebrated in legal an­ nals and has been quoted a thousand times in arguments against circum­ stantial evidence. Peculiar Russian Dish. One of the national dishes of Russia is known as the Pashka. It is a sort of cake that stands one and a hall feet high, and is always put on a tall base. It Is usually surmounted by a sugar cross, and is placed in the cen­ ter of the table when the Russians held their great feast of Easter when the fust is broken. It takes about 60 eggs to make the Pashka, but none but natives can succeed in producing the rare taste. > i1"* •*' < I * * i \ti 3 , ' % f 1 , • * : sr ' . . . • A Driveway Made Beautiful With a Fine Effect of Massed Planting. EFFECTS IN MASSINQ Blueprints That Will Not Fade. To keep blueprints from fading when exposed to strong light, wash them in clear water until all the emulsion Is removed; then place the wet print, right side up, ou a smooth surface. With a paintbrush cover it with perox^ ide of hydrogens This intensifies the blue background add brings out the white lines distinctly, making a print that will not fade under hard usage.-- Popular Mechanics Magazine. ---- :--... Too Close. By L. M. BENNINGTON. Two recent photographs showing handsome California homes, one at Berkeley, and the, other the Smith home at Oakland, illustrate nicely one of the principles of art that the maker of a garden will do well to study. It Is the general scheme producing an ef­ fect with masses of plants, and with fotiage thrown daringly into back­ ground or foreground with little ap­ parent thought for the individual plant. It follows the idea of the little darky who came home one day with a crude drawing made in school. The little boy held up proudly the product and said: "See, mammy, here am, what I done drawed today." „ "What dat?" inquired the mother. "Hits er eow," said the little fel­ low. ' "Yas, hits er cow, all right," said the mother, "but whnr am de tail?" "De teacher she done tole me," re­ sponded the child, "dat so long as de general effect am good, neber mind de­ tail." That is the theory shown striking­ ly by these two California pictures. In one is found a heavy massing of green effects in thb background, with the same general scheme of mass being ap­ plied to the plants and grasses border­ ing the driveway. Not a single one of the trees or plants stands out individ­ ually, but they all blend Into a gen­ eral purpose. In the second picture the mass is transferred from background to fore­ ground, leaving the house itself to stand boldly forth against the skyline. In directly opposite ways the pictures show effects of mass arrangement. It belongs to Its school of art, and to art as applied to the garden, as clearly as the same theory has place in paint­ ing In oils. And it must be remembered that it takes more real work to get effect from a seemingly disordered mass than it does to care for strikingr-ia- dividual and isolated elements^ or set in a box with a packing of moss around them to encourage moisture. Many plants will bear strong sky light that would be badly damaged if set in strong sunshine. Root geranium slips now, if you want winter bloomers. Keep growing thriftily, pinching off all buds until late September. To root hardwood, shrubbery plants, cut just below the joint, as all slips send out roots from the joint, whether soft or hardwood. , Do not make-the mistake of rooting for winter bloomers plants that bloom only in the summer. Some geraniums bloom more freely than others. Evaporation is rapid; if showersJire few, the plants will become stunted from thirst; if too much rain, weeds must not be allowed to choke the plants. All shrubby pot plants should be set In a sheltered place, out of doors, with good light, but some shade during the hot season, where strong winds cannot rack them. Prune older, weaker branches from shrubs and roses that are done bloom­ ing. and mulch robts. Cut and pile sod for pot compost later. , Weather seldom affects weeds *d* versely. ' Heavy shade Is often worse than strong sunlight. Large Amount 8old to Tourists-- Ground In Orchard Kept Clean and . No Waste--Fruit Hand-Picked and Graded Into Sizes. - One of the most common' sights In the country during the summer months, is the large quantity of wind­ fall apples lying under the trees on many prosperous looking farms. Hav­ ing purchased a place with a large orchard, I was determined to eliminate this waste, if possible, says a writer in an exchange. When the first apples began to fall, the trees were gently shaken, the apples washed, aod run through a small mill. ^ ' Two signs, tacked at either boun­ dary line of the place facing the road, advertised in large letters, gooddder. It was amazing the number of gallons we sold to passing • tourists who stopped to get a glass, and generally wound up taking a gallon with t h e m . ' " 7 . In this manner the ground was kept clean of apples ahd there was no waste. About two weeks later we began to hand-pick, grading the fruit into two slr.es. All fruit available was removed. Owing to the enormous crop, the price of apples was very low. The neighbors were selling fruit for 25 cents a bushel, arid glad to get it, while our apples brought C5 cents at the grocery store. • Many more bushels- Were sold in the same manner as the cider, the signs this time announcing both the sale of cooking and eating apples. As the orchard was an old one when purchased, some of the trees were very large and the apples diffi­ cult to reach. These were the last to be disposed of, being shaken off and converted into cider" which \y.as sold at the fancy price of 50 cents a gallon^ An advertisement placed in the daily paper, suggesting the use of the cider for Halloween parties, brought splendid results, and a hand­ some profit was realized. The above method ought to prove profitable to anyone living on a main road. Every apple ought to make a showing on the cash exchequer. SHEO FOR STOCK NOT COSTLY Structure Twelve Feet Wide and Forty Feet Long Will Shelter Thirty . Young Steers. A cheap shelter for stock is made by setting posts eight feet apart, eight feet high on one side and sly feet on AMONG THE FLOWERS Cut flowers ~of annuals that seed freely and prolong the season of bloom. If allowed to mature seeds, they cease to bloom. Don't neglect the potted plants; wa­ ter well, and shade from the after­ noon sunshine. When shade is recommended, dark­ ness or dense shade are not meant. All plants require a gpod light. For potted plant^'IKht must have sunshine, set the pots in a jardiniere. FALL SOWING OF ANNUALS The following list of annuals may be sown^ln the fall: Alyssum, poppies, bachelor's buttons, lupins, coreopsis, arctotis, larkspurs, marigolds, morning glories, wild cucumbers, sweet peas, sunflowers and California poppies. There is any number of annuals which flower earlier from fall-sown seeds and bloom two weeks ahead of their spring-sown sisters. After the first froat dig np dahlia?!, cut off the tops, and after a few hours drying, store the tubers in a box of dry sand and coal ashes, where they will not freeze or have- heat enough to sprout the eyes. Do not divide the clumps until spring. Lllium Candidum should be trans­ planted in September, its natural sea­ son of rest. " To Kesp Plants Frssh. There is a simple way to water ferns and flowers which will be of in­ terest to one who must leave them for a time without care. Take a wash­ ing tub and place three or four bricks In it and put about two inches of water In the tub." Place the flowers on these bricks and place the tub where they can get the morning sun­ shine. "This is what I call an ideal place for a home," snid the real estate man. "It's high and dry, only five minutes' walk from the station, handy to church and school and there's a fine 18-hole golf course right across the street." "It won't do at all," objected the ihan who was being shown around. "1 have three young children, and I don't want them to learu any profane lan­ guage." Clever. Bacon--"You say that Tihan is clev­ er?" Egbert--"Clever? Why, say, there's hardly a thing he can't do jm' less it Is, perhaps, cut his own hair." 4 Daisies and Palms Masssd Together Cheap Shed for Stock. the other, making the shed 12 feet wide and 40 feetf long. Roof runs#one way, and north side and ends are boxed, with a gate at each end and rack Run­ ning the full length of shed on south side. A shed of this size will shelter 25 or two-year-old steers. TO DETERMINE AGE OF CALF Expert of Colorado Agricultural Col- Isgs Tells of Method by Look­ ing at Incisors. Yon may want to buy calves at auc­ tion, and you may want to know about how old they are. Here's the \vay G. E. Marton of the Colorado Agricultural college has It figured out: "The calf when born has two pairs of incisors, the other two pairs appear during the first month. When a calf is eighteen months old, it loses the mid­ dle pair of milk Incisors, and grows a permanent pair. The next pair, one on each side. Is replaced at twenty- seven months of age. the third pair at thirty-six months, the fourth or out­ side pair at forty-five months. The time of appearance of these Incisors varies within rather narrow limits, so that we are able to tell the age of young cattle fairly accurately. ^ . "The calf also has a temporary set of molars, which are later replaced with permanent ones, but they are not considered in estimating the age of the animal." CLEAN BEDDfNG AND STALLS All Filth Should Be Removed From Cow's Quarters Every Day--B&d Odors Taint Mltk. The cow should have a clean bedilirtg every night, and all filth should be re­ moved from the stall early in the morning. The milk Is. tainted with foul odors very quickly after It goes Into the bucket. The stall must then be kept scrupulously clean. It is a good plan to keep walls white­ washed and all dust should be brushed from them#--* T MARKET OF BIG IMPORTANCE SELF-FEEDER FOR DRY MASH Form a Foreground of Beauty for tfes fa, •» •wp1' , -.r" Be "Sure of Place to 8ell Goods Before Stsklng Everything in the . Fruit Business.. /Remember that when goto* Into the fruit industry yon are producing per­ ishable goods and are thus often at a disadvantage. Be sure &f your market before stak­ ing your aIkln the'fruit-growing busi­ n e s s . . . . J There Is always a market for good fruit, however, It yoo can And It. . *• y'J • Inexpensive Device Shown in Hlustra- ijllon Was Made Especially ** Preventing Waste. „ ^ After trying for a long time to find an Inexpensive self-feeder that would prevent waste, I hit upon the devire shown in the accompanying cut writes C. A. Burton in Farm and Home. In the center of a platform about two feet square, made of matched boards, 1 placed an earthenware crock. The grain mixture was covered with an or­ dinary follower made of chicken wire, which helps In a measure to prevent the liens frotp billing out the food. Iir spite of this they will pick out a lot of It. which is wasted with many feed­ ers. The platform Is raised about two feet from the floor, which is enough to pre­ vent scratching Utter on to It The . Sftff.Feeder for Chickens. board around the edge projects about one und a half inches above it Tlien hens jump on to the platform to pick the grain from the feeder, and from the floor they can pick up what is billed out so there is practically no waste. RYE GOOD FOR FALL PASTURE May Be Seeded in October and Is Not Attacked by Hessian Fly--Vetch ^ Adds Nitrogen. (By C B. HUTCHINSON. Missouri Agri­ cultural Experiment Station.) After six weeks of severe drought and intense heat, bluegrass and other pastures are so dry that they will fur­ nish no pasturage until late in the fall, even with the aid of the usual late summer and early fall rains. The man who has much live stock on hand will find it necessary to provide tem­ porary fall and winter pnsture. For this purpose there is no better crop than rye. Rye may be seeded any time during September or October, and is not at­ tacked by the Hessian fly, so it will not endanger fall wheat. It may be sown just as early as the seedbed can be put into proper condition on stub­ ble land or after corn has been cut for silage or fodder. A bushel and a half Is enough for early sowing, but two bushels should be used later, or a mixture of 30 or 40 pounds of rye and 15 or 20 pounds of vetch will give good Tesults if sown late in August or early in Sep­ tember. • Small fields of such cover crops fur­ nish a great deal of phsture at little expense and leave the soil in better condition than if they had not been grown. The vetch is a legume which adds nitrogen and the fine roots of rye protect thesoil against washing, which is more serious betweeti grow­ ing seasons than most people realize. Next spring the rye may be turned un­ der as a grain manuring "crop before corn-planting time. # LOCATION OF TRACTOR SHED it Should Be Located Some Distance From Other Farm Buildings to Avoid Fire Danger. It ts a good Idea to locnte the trac­ tor shed at a considerable distance from the major farm buildings. While there are few fires about tractors, nev­ ertheless there Is the ever-present possibility of one, due to the presence of gasoline, kerosene and inflammable oils about the tractor and the tractoi shed. Locating the tractor shed some dlfr IP'.', Shelter for Tractor. tance from the larger farm buildings will protect them from any fire which might possibly break out In the trac­ tor shed. ALFALFA GOOD FORAGE CROP Especially Adapted for Sand-Hills Country, Because It Prevents Danger of Soil Blowing. I I B • S Alfalfa can be grown In most sec­ tions of the sand-hills country, Nebras­ ka. according to work done at the Val­ entine substation, and it is recomihend- ed that where possible it should be made to take the place of Intertilled forage crops, because it would do away with the danger of soil blowing. It is also of more value than any other for­ age crop that can >e grown. Experiments hfve shown that for that section of country alfalfa exceeds ail clovers, including sweet clover. In its adaptability to the conditions found there, *aid that it is more valu­ able than any of them and costs less to seed. • : ----- --^--. PRODUCTION OF CHEAP PORK Let Hogs Follow Cattle Wherever Pos­ sible When Latter Ar« Fed Corn .. . --Saves Feed BilL Valines should follow cattle wherever possible when the latter are being coin fed. since one or two pounds of pork may he produced In this way for every -bushel of shelled rtr ear corn consumed l>y the cattle. ^ Ittrk so produced often saves the feeler a loss on his cattle-feed­ ing operations. WHEN MUSIC BEGAN : -- , v ORIGINALLY CREATED FROM CX> #«t£SSION8 OF EMOTION*, fv M •Song" Was the Beginning of All sic--Development Carried For- ;-'-iw»rd by Uncultured Peasants --Trained Men Came Later. "Song" was the beginning of all music. No. other form of music--'vocal or instrumental--had an independent origin. All, without exception, are ott> shoots of developments from "song." Not only, then, was "song" the be­ ginning of all music, but it is the baati upon which all music rests today. It Is the trunk of the tree from which sprang all the multitudinous liuiba, • branches, stems, leaves, blossoms and fruit that constitute tpodern music. The foliage and the flowers awl fruitage of this wonderful tree are, un» turally, more beautiful and more va­ ried than the primitive trunk. Furthermore, paradoxical as It may seem, music was not originated by musicians. It is the voicing of a uni­ versal instinct for emotional expres­ sion, as powerful (though nqt as for*- mal) in the primitive savage as In tha cultured modern. Music, in its original form of "song," sprang spontaneously from untaugbf primeval Instincts. Later, uncultured peasant folk carried forward the de­ velopment of what might be called A - "natural art." Trained musicians followed after, as a result not a cause.' They took the elements of music--melody and rliythnt --•which' already existed, and which had even been crudely formulated by their originators, the "common peo­ ple," and transmitted orally from gen­ eration to generation. These elements the trained musi­ cians formulated more scientifically, wrote down (after having developed"^ system of notation), and- finally pctr* petuated in print. ' At the same time they developed harmony, which was originally discov­ ered by accideht rather than by design. Thus the trained musicians were like the binders In a harvest field who fol­ low the reapers and. gather what has been reaped, and bind the scattered wheat Into formal sheaves. Often the binders went far afield and gathered tares and brambles, thinking these must be better than the wheat because that had been selected by un­ taught Instinct. But always they came back to the wheat field and ultimately made their musical bread and cake with the wheat garnered by the peas­ ants. The untutored originators of_ music might Justly say: Self-taug-hl I sing: by heaven, mad heaves alone, SThe genuine seeds of poesy are sown. -New York Malt China's. Grand Canal. |] China is reported to be considering; the restoration of the* old canal sys­ tem, of which there were at one time 60.000 miles within the empire. Cen­ turies before the Christian era the great rivers of China were diverted from their natural courses, the water* of one turned Into another's bed and the! waterways carried along In the di­ rection of the desired traffic. The ancient Grand canal extends from Hangchou to Tientsin, traversing! the provinces of Cheklang, < Kiangsu» Shangtung and Chill, the total length of the canal being about 850 milea« says the Christian Herald. China is in desperate need of transportation* and it has been estimated by engineers that the canal system can be restored * at a less cost than that which would' be Involved In the building of the nec­ essary railways. With the canals again In operation the railway buik|p < lug can* go on at greater leisure. ' Obelisk Thousands of Years Old. New York city's most impressive monument the obelisk, stands in Cen­ tral park between the old Croton reser­ voir and the new Metropolitan Museum of Art, a superb 196-ton monolith of ancient Egypt. When Augustus Caesar, emperor of Rome, took this obelisk and its companion to Alexandria, la Egypt, In the year 22 or 23 B. C.. the stone was then more than 1,000 years old. Thotmes III, Pharaoh of Egypt, set up these monoliths there in 1650 B. G. Ismail Pasha, khedive of Egypt, pre- sented the obelisk to New York In 1879. In January, 1881, at a cost at 5103,000, which W. H. Vanderbilt de­ frayed, the stone was finally mounted in the park. $ r . - .T^-r "1 ; Can White Cats Hear? The acuteness of the average cai*« sense of hearing Is proverbial, but It Is a proverb that needs qualifying. For example, many white cats are said to be absolutely deaf, and though tiM idea may appear absurd at first sight* It Is believed by sc*ie students that the color of a cat is associated with Its sense of hearing. Among several fhiported Persians, or long-haired cats, from abroad, not one-white one in the number has been able to hear the slightest sound. Of course there are white cuts that can hear, but they hnv^ been as much to the short-haired peihi of the fireside as t*> the aristocratic long-hair of the shows. ---- r ' ' ,'^L Cattle Stand After Death. £1 Observifig that two heifers and fOSR calves in a pasture near his -farm. «1* miles north of Cheyeune, Wyo., had been standing in the same position alt day. Peter liauritsen Investigated and was amazed to discover that the ani­ mals were dead. They had "huddled'Tftgttlnst a^^ barbe^^"^ wire fence during a -thunderstorm, lightning had struck the fence and aU had been electrocuted, but had re» mnined standing. ? Laurltsen wus unable to push them over and In order to get them into posi­ tion for skinning It was necessary tft attach ropes to them and pull thep| over by horsepower. ;'.' * , ' |... Tactful Discretion. * "But you listen to people who talk gossip.** "Always." replied Miss Cayenne| "so H8 to know what tophrs to avoid In copl1C^at,on*" , . ^ v - ' ' f-.y., -i,#-;-...