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t ^ v * pt ^ ' jP.*e SU •ahf^ T^ir !r-:^- f^71 '^7^7. -' }s:r- *5 ;•'" r "S^ . , V" •"*V t /•4Y*, • §l9&'i' Vl!V f ?. To find wider uses tor the io- '• called "surplus" milk and thereby further aid dairy farmers' income '•is one of the most interesting , fiends of the day with wide possi- ^lifclltles for •'he future. Already milk by-products otter ' libto the process of making such jBssimilar articles as dominoes, book bindings, buttons, wallpaper, -knitting needles, vanity cases, cigarette holders, lipstick containers and pocket combs. :; ' The perennial problem of the efficient housewife is what to do flith left-overs. On a gigantic Scale, it has also been the problem Of the dairy industry. The farm f&lue of milk, naturally, is based tin its edible constituents. Its added industrial value lies in the Utilltzation of by-products. Butter - making extract rrom milk the fat urf a small proportion of the actable constituents. The remaining milk solids are left ^ in the skim, buttermilk and : ' whey. In producing the but- ; terfat for the 1,650,000,000 pounds of creamery butter which this country found use for in a recent year, there were some 3,000,000 pounds of milk solids left over. In addition, the cheesemakers had 300,000,000 : pounds of milk solids not included in the cheese.' ' ---* The important by-products of iliilk are casein, which comes from •kim milk, and the various chemicals contributed by the whey, such ^lis lactic, acid, sodium lactate and •« ialcium lactate--each of them : lerving many functions. Lactic acid pay play a part in ' making the 'appetizer which starts ; S table d'hote dinner and the pastry Slerved at the end. It is used leather goods and in paints, so le city dweller may have some fo?? to thank for the fine fifiish of |>i8 frescoea wjdls. Lactic acid ,|nay also have nelped make the #oda fountain soft drinks. ^ The vigorous youth of the milk {by-products industry is strikingly shown by government figures on casein, which is probably over your head right at this moment-- if the ceiling is painted or kalsamined. As recently as 192©, this country produced ont • third of the casein It needed. By 1934 imports were & mere four per cent American milk companies furnished the rest, with Wisconsin and California sharing honors as the largest producers. There's hardly a phase of manufacture into which casein does not enter. Used in plywood for airplanes, it helps man to fly. Used in chemical sprays, it helps insects lose interest in flying. Experiments have even been made with it as a synthetic fabric resembling wool, an undertaking that must make the cow feel rather sheepish Casein products .are of twoserts --the plastics and the glue faaafy.; Beads and buckles, pocket wmtw and poker chips, parts of yow radio belong to the former group. Casein glue figures in paper and paint, linoleum and leather, upholstering and book binding--to mention Just a few. Mt^azlne paper acquires its glossy finish by being dusted with Ine china day after being surfaced with casein glue. The glue hoMs the eiay while It Is being polished by steel rollers. Casein shows its versatility in paint manufacture. It can be dissolved in cold water and yet after it hardens again it is waterproof. That's why it is so valuable in the construction of airplanes. decorating upkeep. Casein paint, which Is ready to uss when mixed with cold water, is .widely marketed. And tons of it wffl be used in the decorative scheme pf New York's forthcoming world's fair. An expanding field for articles made from the by-products of milk Sa In the so-called women's "accessories" group. Vanity cases that look like ivory or present a sleek shining appearance in a variety of colors are found on die counters of the big department stores and smart shops--vanity cases that owe their beauty and origin to a peaceful rustic cow. Fashionable cigarette holders, lipstick containers, fountain pen and pencil barrels are other milkmadeartlcles that ar» fodtng wife ening markets. The glased backs of Slaying cards, the fine amootfi trainee of many of the better '^jpe*4ea ofpaper, dominoes, knitting needles, book bindings and even wall paper also owe their debt of gratitude to milk.. • It has been estimated by a plastics manufacturer that codt and suit buttons are among the moat extensively used of all milk byproducts. \ Coat, vest sleeve buttons of the busy executive are from milk. The belt buckle and clip on the young lady's dress, the vanity ease, hat ornament, stick and other articles made from casein plasties. MiUt Maintains Good Record Mi-Ms Producer of Farm Income fnos by-prodnets of pat base and blotter in the picture above. During 1936 milk brought U. S. %<3airy farmers about as many dollars as they averaged during the shears 1925 through 1929. Cash receipts from all other agricultural Commodities, except milk, amounted to less than four-fifths as much : «us their annual average during the Same five-year period. The figures below show the cash farmers received from all farm commodities except milk, and cash ' from milk alone. The height of the bars shows how this income f.uc'uated as a percentage of the 1925-29 average. This cash Income excludes the value of products consumed on the farm. p Although milk that dairy farmers use for calves, butter and for drinking does not bring cash, It does have value. Consequently, since nearly onefifth of the milk produced in the U. S. never leaves the farms the gross "value" of the nation's milk production is considerably larger than the "cash" sales value shown below. During 1932, the low point of recent years, farm income from all farm commodities, excepting milk, contributed but 39.8% as much as ityuid during the five-year period, 1925-19291^ Milk, however, contributed 05.5%, over half again as much proportionately as did all other farm commodities. This table shows how milk leads as an income producer. Alt Other Milk Onty Lif e Span Lengthened With Protective Fdods in percentage of 1925-1929 averqggs for milk atone : and for all other commodities. , Dr. H. C. Sherman, Professor of Chemistry at Columbia University, says that the life span can be lengthened 10 per cent through proper diet. Hip formula for lengthening life is simple: Increase the proportion of milk, vegetables and fruit in the diet. These are the so-called "protective foods." Doctor Sherman has no rigid diet schedule to propose. A fairly high percentag * o" these protective foods, plus grain products of which a moderate proportion should be the whole or slightly milled varieties, plus liberal quantities of milk or milk products, are the essentials of his diet. Meats and sweets are not prescribed; if enough of the protective foods are consumed, the balance of required calories can be regulated by the &tipetlte. Years of Study Dr. Sherman's deductions are based on his years of experimental feeding of rats. His records contain histories of some 65,000 ) rats. "For general purposes, increasing the proportion of milk in the diet should add to the length of life," he says. "The grain crops are still the st^fl of life of mankind in the great majority of countries, including our own. If even a moderate proportion is consumed in the so-called whole, or slightly milled, as distinguished from high ly milled forms, this will usually insure ample intakes of phosphorus, iron, copper and manganese, jfuwi of vitamins B and E. * *The even mors important liberality of intake of calcium and vitamins A, C and G is easily and economically secured by taking a moc erately high percentage of the needed calories in the form of milk, fruit, vegetables and eggs. Milk 1 suppLes all four of the chemical factors Just mentioned. Fruits, generally, vegetables as a group, and eggs may each be regarded as a fairly good source of some two of the four factors." He admits the importance of heredity, but L» convinoed that the average person has it within his power to increase his life span if he wants to by .adopting the dietary principles extfained above. GBO. WASHINGTON'S WAR* HEVKALS Mom fW BIOTSB That butter was a favorite in George Washington's home is disclosed in his diary. On January T, 1760 he wrote: "Accompanied Mrs. Bassett "to Alexandria and engaged a keg of butter of Mr. Kirkpatrick, being quite out of that article." Next day: "Got a little butter from Mr. Dal ton." On January 20: "My wagon, after leaving two hogsheads of tobacco at Alexandria, arrivied here with three sides of sole leather and four of upper leather, two kegs of butter, one of which -for Colonel Fairfan, and 15 bushels of salt" Farm Prosperity Depends Upon City Housewives? Buying Power Agriculture and industry are dependent on each other for theii prosperity. The manufacturer needs prosperous farmers for bis output The farmer needs large industrial production, which boosts payrolls and gives housewives more money to spend for food, clothing and other products that come directly or indirectly from the farm. Agricultural students point out that goodC^crops and a high rate of i n d u s t r i a l ^ p r o d u c t i o n mean prosperity for farm and city, when prices are fair to each group. If manufacturers' prices are low farmers can buy, and sales increase. Likewise farmers should he able to sell at a price which permits housewives to buy large quantities of food and other products coming from the farm. Their purchases, in volume at fair prices produce the greatest dollar farm Income. Statistics emphasize that retail prices of dairy products compared favorably with other foods during prosperity and depression. This table from government figures, bears out this assertion. Cast et living Oonpared With AB Foods (19SS-19S5--100%) UN 19S3 19S6 Dairy Products. 102.9 65.2 80.2 All Foods 104.7 66.4 82.1 •All Living Costs 99.3 75.8 81.7 •Food, clothing, rent, fuel, light, house furnishings, miscellaneous. Retail prices of dairy products were proportionately smaller than average retail prices for other f o o d s d u r i n g t h e s e y e a r s . F o o d prices declined more than cost of other living expenses during the depression. Now all food prices are about in line with the average of other items in th*tud?a|& family's "cost of living.?; ^ •*«' r" '.la/-, 1 IW:-.