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' * •- ;V,: -v * 1 ^ ,<i. ~ •> , , - ^ ",v ',- H*- : Fmge Eight V •' v: * ' ^ ^V: vv '/v \ 1Hlfel :'f tr , V'1" ^ j- •. i • * Phices with the Milkman When a diver recovered a bottle ot milk from an 80-falhom shipwreck near Boston, tests showed 'no salt water In the milk. Two popular picture stars seek refreshment between%" tak*!»." King Crosby and Fiances Farm- * ev share s quart of raOk. How milk is delivered to the doorstep In Turkey. The milkman poors It out In the family pitcher and Chat's that! 'm Illinois Cows Per . S. Average Slate Averages One Cow for Each 27.6 Acres, Compared With U. S. •J1 ^ " 1 \ Average of One for Every 42 Acres; McHenry Leading Dairy County 1 i^ttetny W the priml er daily county in Illinois. It leads in having the largest number of cows, the largest number' of cows per acre of farm land and, on the average, the largest herds. Alexander oounty, far to the south, showed the largest percentage increase In its cow population from 1930 to 1937. Although Alexander ranks far down the list In respect to number of cows, size of herds, and cow density per acre, its cow population increased over 46% during this period, more than any other county. For the nation as a whole, there is one cow, on the average, for each 42 acres of farm land. According to the most recent Census federal figures show Illinois aver- , -- » -- n'ri lift ' mm * iikmtta agw one Cow iw wen 11.5 seres of land in farms. Thirty-one of Illinois' 102 counties average more thai one cow tor cacl 28 acres of fanr land. Eight counties, at the head of the list, average one cow foi every 1 to 14 acres; 23 had one cow for every 15 to 28 acres; 56 had one for every 29 to 42 acres. THREE-WAY RANKINQ OF COUNTIES BY COW NUMBERS . • , " i No. of - • County Cows i. McHenry-- v^vv .45,900 2. Kane . 29,400 3. Stephenson ,28,500 4. Jo Daviess ....... . 25,900 5. Ogle . 22,800 6. Whiteside . 22,400 7. La Salle . . . . . . . . . . 22,400 8. Will i-; . 21,700 9. McLean .21,400 10. Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,500 Cow Increase1 County ' '30 to '37 **1^iexan<|gr^46.i % 2. Pulaski 43.4 3. Grundy . . . . . . . . . 35.0 ' 4. Lee .. 33.9 5. Clay * 33.8 6. Cumberland ...... 31.3 7. Bond . 30.2 8. Marion 30.0 9. Perry . , , , . . . . . . . 27.6 10. Carroll 27.6 - "Cows Per County 7 Herd IrMcHenry Tvviv ^ .in. 19.1 2. Kane ... 15.5 3. Du Page ..4...»*.»• 14.1 Boone 13.5 §1 Jo-Daviess 12.8 : |j. Lake .............. • 11.5 7. Stephenson * . . . . . . . . 11.2 . 8. Winnebago • 10.6 9. Carroll . » » • 9.6 JO. Whiteside ..»..... 8.9 Dairying Has Wide Appeal As Steady Income Producer DUhois dairy farmers fared better than producers in most other states during the trying times of the last seven years. The ten most important dairy states, according to farm cash income from milk in 1935, are: Wisconsin, New York, Pennsylvania, M i n n e s o t a , C a l i f o r n i a , I l l i n o i s , Iowa, Ohio, Michigan and Texas. In 1935, the most recent year for which data is available, the dairy farmers in these states had 50.2% of Ukj nation's milk cows, produced (6.7% of the nation's milk, and received 61% of the nation's cash farm income from milk. . At the bottom of the agricultural depression in 1932 farm income from milk amounted to but Illinois'Statistics Population, 7,800,000. Land Area, 35,857,520 Acres. Land In Farms, 31,661.205 acres. Percent Land in Farms, 88.:%. --- Average tiae of Farms '35, 136.9 Acres. Numbei of Farms, 231,312. Value per b arm '35, $9,536, Value Farm Lands and Buildings '35, $2,205,899,576. 52% of its 1929 total - a#-"iMrv<as these ten states are concerned--a decline of 48%. In comparison, Illinois farmers' milk checks were only 39.6% smaller than in that previous year. Further, Illinois producers were still bettering the average performance of these ten states in 1935. In that year Illinois' farmers received 74.2 /c as much cash as in the all-time high of 1929 compared with but 69.7% for the ten states combined. This is one reason why dairying is popular In Illinois. CASH FAB* INCOME FftOM MILK 10 8tates combined * Illinois Only Dollars % ol Dollars % of (0001 1929 (000> 1929 lHI tt.t»0.700 100.0% $88,977 100.0% im 687.568 . 63.0 63.Ml 80.1 1935 788.062 69.7 64.498 74.1 Illinois Farm Families Are Big Milk Users Illinois farmers are big users of dhole milk and some 300,000,- 000-odd quarts are consumed In a year by farm families. Buttermaking on farms ic Illinois consumes about 160.000,000 quarts of milk every year, while nearly 60,- 000,000 quarts are used for feeding calves during the year. First Cheese Factory Wag Built in 1863 The outlet for fluid milk whicn was opened to the farmers of Northern Illinois in 1852 by the astuteness of Phineas H. Smith so stimulated production that within less than 10 years the supply far exceeded the demand. -On a bright June morning in 1860, J. H. Wanzer carried his milk to Elgin as usual only to find that his supply of the previous day bad been returned. The market was flooded. Put to it to find another market, he decided to try cheese. Before returning to his home that day he purchased a large tub and a calf's rennet, and with this equipment he made his first cheese -- "putting it to press under a temporarily constructed press and curing it in one of the rooms of the house." For three seasons Mr. Wanzer and his father-in*law, Mr. Herrick, continued to make cheese in their own home, gradually building up a demand for their product. In 1863 they built what is believed .to be the first cheese factory in Illinois--a building 16 by 40 feet and equipped with a cheese vat and screw presses purchased from H. A. Rowe of Hudson, Ohio. Mr. Wanzer rapidly increased his herd from 15 to 40 cows, by the tiflae the factory opened. Supply Began By PHOEBE BAIL.!?*. During the years from 1830 to 1850 the city of Chicago had a phenomenal growth. The population increased from a mere handful of fur traders in 1830 to about 800,000 In 1850. Not the least of the problems arising from such a rapid growth was that of the city's milk supply. Early In the year 1852 the newspapers began to expose' the conditions under which much of the milk used in the city was produced; and the inhabitants were shocked to learn that most of the cows were being fed and kept In beweries and distilleries. At this same time grain farming was presenting its problems to the settlers in northern Illinois. Due to lack of rotation and consequent depletion of the soil, wofo hoAftmlng ao fc&8.t it appeared such farming would I no longer pay. ' : Hie solution to both of thes«-- problems was found in the idea* conceived by Phineas H. Smith of Elgin, of shipping milk from the rural districts into the city of * Chicago. On February 12th of 1852 Mr. Smith hitched up hissf ox-team and drove two miles toS§ the C. 9t N. W. and shipped an 8- S gallon can ot sweet milk to tho City Hotel, Chicago. His experiment met with such success that although Mr. Smith added rapidly to his herd he was very soon unable to supply the ^ demand of the Chicago market. ¥ His neighbors, seeing the results k? of his enterprise, began to stock £ their farms with dairy cattle. : And thus dairy farming in the; state of Illinois was launched. From this small beginning- Mr. Spiith was to see during his own lifetime mqre than 18,000 cans of milk shipped daily to Chicago. I; Dairy Outlook Favorable With- Sales Rising in City Markets A study'of Illinois cow population figures indicates that dairying in Illinois has more than kept abreast of the general increase, in the industry nationally. -- Peaks and valleys in cow population are generally arottod seven years apart ... 14 or 15 years in all from low point to low point or from peak to peak. This cyclical swing in cow numbers-- 6. to 8 years up, 6 to 8 years down--is known &3 the cow cycle. The last low point in the nation's cow population occurred in 1928. From 1928 to 1934 cow nurAbers increased 21.1 per cent The decrease since 1934, amounting to about 1,900,000 head, was the most precipitous In history. This rapid decline was due prlmarly to the droughts. Illinois' low In cow numbers occurred in 1929: the most recent peak in 1935. In each instance, the state's low and high points took place, one year after the national high and-^lojs. Even so, the Increase in milk cows in Illinois from 1928 t» 1935 amounted to 24.7%--3.6% more than .the increase for the nation as a whole. Further, the decline was less- precipitous and op J anuary 1 of this year the - state's cow population stood 16.1% above the 1928 figure. It was unfortunate that the peak in cow population occurred #racti cally at the low point of. cent depression. This ci because more farmers tracted to dairying as vided a more steady, and ter, source of income of the other types of farming. The high point in cow numbers around 1933 and 1934 could not help but increase milk production when purchasing power in cities was low. Under these circumstances, the farm price of milk declined. But the farmer's income from milk did not suffer as much as the income of farmers generally. Now city people are able to buy more milk ana the outlook for dairying seems favorable. -- • most CO W POPULATION &S.TOT4IU ON JANUARY 1, EACH YEAR ILLINOIS . '!v, .v.. %of V;. COWS *»28 Cows 1928 • 231,000 •h:;;:-li)0.0% .v:s. £87,000 1929 S 12,440.000 *00.9 ' ; 977,000 1930 23,032,000 103,6 --.1,026,000 1931 t *3,820,000 107.1 1,067,000 1932 .24,896,000 111.9 :. 1.1 Is,000 1933 25,036,000 •V.-.-'.iw 1,159,000 1934 26,931,000 . -X2i.x 'd:, 1.221,000 1935 16,069,000 ^»7.S % %*»31,000 1936 ^15.439,000 v^i|U.4 Ci';:.." 1.169,000 im I5t041,0<» P** & 1,146,009 %oi 1928 *0.0% Op 8.9 108.1 JL13.2 117.4 |5».7 •,.'.124.7 348.4 ' 3 . 1