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<r' • • -•/• . ' . . , , ' ' s- 1 -•-*' • ;•• .-' > Thursday, WoTember 2,1939 ' , v *9£Vi£ T; * i FIAST THINGS FIRST «OVfeR^ THE POCKETBOOK of KNOWLEDGE wMtwMMwWo HiAwM iAwM MigR WW- VKTBMA «W w «n and ajb« « 8uperstltiou Guest* . Lewis B. Ermeling, of the Greater Chicago Hotel association, recently announced a plan for superstitious .banqueters, according to the American Magazine. If only 13 guests appear, Chicago's leading hotels will supply a store-window dummy, in full dress. Teurists Prefer Bleaks' Cells Most popular hotel at the alwayspopular Italian resort of Amalfi is an old monastery. To have the chance to spend the night in one of the ancient monks' cells, now comfortably furnished, Americans have to bpok rooms weeks in Advance; ' ; (^SNAPSHOT GUILD PICTURES IN THE MIRROR < / ^ "Mirror pictures" are fun. For simplicity in focusing, place your subjects as close to the mirror as possible. It's also best to use a small lemopening. Vf TAKING reflection pictures, with the aid of a mirror, Is an amuicamera pastime ... and you can obtain many novel effects, Quite simply. For simplicity, place your subjects quite close to the mirror, as in the picture above. Then simply focus for the distance between camera and mirror, and shoot. Provide enough light so you can use a small leas opening. If the subject is farther away from the mirror, yon must make certain allowances in focusing. Just remember mat the reueti-iuu lies beyond the mirror. For example, if your subject stands two feet in front •( the mirror, the reflection is two feet back of the Bilver surface. In sach a case, it* is best to focus for a point about midway between the flte subject and mirror; then use a fOty small lens opening. >--Either light from amateur flood balbs or flash bulbs can be used In taking mirror pictures, and in some cases, daylight can be used. Flood balbs are probably best for your ftrst mirror pictures. They are simple to adjust, and can be used in Inexpensive cardboard reflectors. In taking the pictures, be sure the bulbs are properly Shielded, so that direct light does not shlno on the camera lens. s. Wall mirrors are not the only ones that can be used for these shots. If you have a large tray with a mirror bottom, picture someone carrying it--and choose a camera angle that also includes the subject's reflectioi. Too, if you happen to have in your home a dressingtable with three mirrors, you. can adjust them to pick up multiple reflections of a subject. - Here's another idea for some fun. If ynn have an old mirror, with a frame resembling an old-fashioned picture frame, use It to create some "period portraits." For example, make up a subject In comic side-' whiskers, then pose him where you can pick up just his reflection framed in the mirror--not showing the subject himself. This Is a good idea to keep in mind for a camera party this winter. Those suggestions are good for a start--now cook up some mirror ideas of your own. That's the real fun of "doing it with mirrors"--and it's surprising what you actually can ; - -,-r_ -r- John vaa Guilder INSECTS CAUSE MAN CONSTANT WARFARE Nature's Balance Often Upset by Cultivated Fields. By DB. LEE A. 8TBONG Civilized man, with his cultivated fields and domesticated live stock, often upsets nature's balance and gives some insect species a pre stable inning. To offset this advantage, man must strike an artificial balance. This he may do by setting -»ne insect to prey upon another, by •.ft""-'". fg practiccs, by developing resistant plants and animals, or by the use of insecticides. . principal product of this chemica' age. * Insects in other lands may be checked by natural enemies--birds and animals, other insects, or even disease. If in this country they threaten agriculture, the entomologist sometimes can check them by introducing their natural enemies. When the citrus industry of California was threatened by the cottony cushion scale from Australia, a little lady-beetle was imported from that country. Cottony cushion scale is no longer a pest in California citrus groves. Wheat growers circumvent the Hessian fly by planting after the flies emerge and die. However, insecticides are the Spain reliance of the entomologist. The problem is not simple. The ,000 insects of this country that are actually pests differ so in physical characteristics and live under such a variety of conditions, that an insecticide that is death to one may not affect another. Scale insects cannot be- poisoned by placing poison on their food. Their mouth parts are a suckingtube which they thrust through the poison into the unpoisoned plant tissue beneath. Young mosquitoes breathe through a tube in the tail thrust above the surface of the water in which they live. Separating this tube from the. air with an oil film is an approved control. To better insect control, the entomologist is now turning to organic insecticides. These show great promise. Sour Cream Important In Good Buttermaking The sourness of the cream used fa butter making is one of the main factors that influence its l^eping •qualities. Butter made from perfectly sweet pasteurized cream keeps best. The first step is to select fresh, sweet cream and then pasteurize it by heating to between 145 and 150 degrees, holding it at that temperature for 30 minutes. For pasteurizing, the cream may be put into tall cans or pails and set in a large kettle partly filled with water. It should be stirred frequently while being heated, and then cooled as quickly as possible to 50 degrees or lower. It should be held at that point for at least three hours before being churned to insure that the butter granules jrill be firm. The churning temperature may be as low as 52 or as high as 00 degrees. Temperature throughout the time the butter is being made is important so that a thermometer is desirable. Before washing the butter, the temperature of the water should be taken. It should be about the same .as that of the cream. Use twice as much water as cream churned. After the buttermilk has drained off, pour one-half the wash water into the churn, give the churn a few rapid revolutions, draw the water off and repeat the washing. After the salt is added the butter should be worked just enough to distribute the salt evenly. Excessive working destroys the wax-like texture of the butter and also injures its keeping qualities. - Apple Is Popular "Certain it is the apple has, on the Whole, no rival among fruits. There are fruits of more pronounced and even of more delicious flavors. There are fruits which present a high proportion of nutriment. But in variety of color and flavor, in satisfying qualities, in ability to hold its place as a fruit staple against all jcwners, no other fruit equals the apple."--National Apple Institute. ^ Picking Pullets Fed Oats The picking pullet's desire to eat up her sisters is easily overcome by adding oats to her diet, says the Washington Expeiiiiieni station, in the Country Home Magazine. Oat hulls or oat millfeed will do the trick. But oat hull ash or oat ash will not cure cannibalism. Contour Plowing Thomas Jefferson pioneered a theory of government that has had millions of followers since he was President of the United States; but when he urged all farmers to plow on the contours instead of up and down slopes, he did not get enough converts in over 100 years to carry a township election. People believe #that the soil is eternal but they forget that its particles are just as well satisfied to spend eternity in the seip as on] the hillside. ~ Our Washington - * Letter r r Washington, Nov. 1--Now that the wrangling over neutrality is drawing to a close, attention is directed 1o the possible scope of interpretations in the form of rules and regulations. The administration of the pending admittedly a first-rate prob lem. Concern is" expressed in some quarters that the delegated powers a- e so broad that administrative policies may not be in complete harmony with t^e intent of the Congressional amendments. In a matter of this sort involving international problems the, coir.cs would have little practical con-' trol nv«r Federal amn>M)i.rg. ed with carrying ottt the intention of, Congress. Unbiased observers say that it is extremely unlikely that the Pr-esident! would go beyond the exact language! of the statute in framing regulation^.! They believe that public opinion more j than threats of judicial challenge j would make him and the State Department proceed with caution' Consequently, there is some doubt as to the effectiveness of having Con-1 press stay on the job solely in the capacity of a red light controlling "White House actions. The suspicions, as to the final implementing by rules and regulations have their origin in the assumption that Mr. Roosevelt would be inclined to favor the democracies as against the totalitarian powers. The neutrality bill as it emerges from the Senate refineries has definite curbs on the Presidential power, which necessarily prevents the Chief Executive from taking too! broad a view of the amended law. Should Congress adjourn immediately after enacting the neutrality] law, the subject will crop up again at the regular session in January. The intervening period will bring many complicated prbolems to Congress involving damages to ocean carriers due to restrictions, etc. There is no reason to believe that the action of the special session forecloses amendatory moves at the regular session. The entire subject will be as vital then as now unless, of coarse, peace comes in the meantime. The House of Representatives, marking time wlule awaiting' neutrality legislation 0om the Senate, developed strong sentiment for restricting the Administration in the handling of foreign trade agreements. Considerable agitation has been displayed among the Representatives from rural areas looking toward a revision of the trade agreement policy so that in the future all agreements will be subject to ratification by the Senate. Advocates of this proposal pointed out that the parliaments of foreign countries have the privilege of ratifying agreements on trad^ negotiated by Administrative agencies. The furore over the pending Argentine agreement set fire to this train of thought. Resentment had been smoldering a number of years over the alleged "star chamber" proceedings conducted by the Administration in arranging trade agreements. Most of the hearings were held behind closed doors which irked the legislators and their constituents who were concerned over the proposed tariff concessions. , Trade unions as represented by the A. F. of L. intend to take advantage of increased business activity. The official publication of this organization issued this week points- out that unions must become active "to raise •rsscs in proportion as labor costs are reduced.' At the same time union membership is asked "to help prevent undue price increases." Just how wages may be increased and prices kept down is not entirely clear. It is their contention that "rising production means decreasing unit labor costs, enabling industry to pay higher wsges." Faced with demands for higher wages employers are likely to slow down the absorption of unemployed which in factories alone took 200,000 men and women from the relief rolls in October. The A. F. of L. economists conceded that the exceptional business increase this fall is due chiefly to expectation of large orders from foreign countries in the near future. The record shows that domestic orders are decreasing as the buyes' panic subsides. TH expectation is that this country will have very large orders from abroad when the neutra"ty controversy is ended. The Halloween spirit seems to scare our politicians. TTie bugaboo of the third term raised by Secretary of Agriculture Wallace which earned him a verbal White House spanking is worrying the master minds in both parties. The inevitable inference is that where there is smoke there is fire. Wallace it not the first Cabinet member to voice these sentiments for another term. The fact that the President found it necessary to rebuke him publicly does not mean that Mr Roosevelt is entirely adverse to the suggestion. The exigencies of politics involved in current legislative matters are such that Wallace threw gasoline on the flames at the wrong^ time. Veteran politicos do not expect any definite statements from Mr. Roosevelt on this question until the early summer just prior to or during the party nominating convention. Odd Religions Institution One of the oddest religious institutions in the world is the Kuthodaw pagoda near Mandalay, Burrrta, reports Collier's. This large temple, situated in the Center of a milesquare enclosure, is surrounded by 729 small pagodas, each of which contains a large stone inscribed with its own particular part of the Buddhist scriptures. Varied SpelHiifs The name of Chekhov, Russian dramatist and story writer, is also spelled Tobalrhov, Tcbshev and, I Chehov. \ When his cow waded into a creek to drink, it Tan ouf with a large bass clinging to its tail, says James Sparlcman of Hot Springs, Ark. find Old Canaoa Balls Dredges working near Carolina .V Beach, N. C., recently sucked up two 2 10-pound iron cannon balls from the ocean floor and deposited them on the beach. Residents of the beach : expressed the opinion that the missiles were remains of some Civil war - blockade-runner battle, probably the x' , Vr.V' q Refugee Concentration - Approximately 60 per cent of the tj total number of refugees are oo»> centrated in the New York area. iffi / •• , When no pupils showed up at a school near Grace, Idaho, the teacher investigated and found the school bus had taken the children < to the wrong school. - Byes •r. Paul A. 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