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Adaptable Deer Abound in Northeast By MARY ESCH Associated Press Writer ALTAMONT, N.Y. (AP) - In a commercial orchard here, there are so many deer that a wildlife official estimated 90 per­ cent of the trees in a 180-acre plot were chewed bv the animals -- even after the farmer shot 40 of the whitetails. * The problem at Altamont Or­ chards is increasingly common across New York, according to Nate Tripp, a state wildlife damage expert. "Deer have been known to do $10-12,000 worth of damage in one season, to wipe out a whole planting," he said. A bit further south, in the suburbs of Albany, Tripp said deer were doing hundreds of thousands of dollars in damage to shrubbery. While many species are threatened by the encroachment of humans in their habitat, the whitetail deer is flourishing--to the point where it is a major pest in some areas. "Generally, deer populations are at or near their highest level in history," said Nate Dickinson, i wildlife manager for New York's •Department of Environmental Conservation. "Most states in the Northeast have oodles and oodles of deer." Orchards, vineyards, hay- fields, hedges and the tender ^ seedlings on a paper company's woodlot make delectable forage for deer. Wildlife officials estimate the crop damage in the millions of dollars. Dr. Aaron Moen, an ecolt at Cornell University who spent 20 years developing sophisticated computer models * for deer management, said the reproductive rate of whitetails was exponential. That is, the herd can double every year or so unless there is a similar death rate. This high reproductive rate is a major reason for the dramatic rise in the nation's deer popula­ tion. Another factor is their' adaptability. "Deer are extremely adap­ table to a wide variety of en­ vironments," said Ward Stone, a wildlife pathologist for New York state. "You'll find them everywhere from the central Adirondacks to suburban back yards." Deer also have few natural enemies, Stone said. "Deer are unusual in that there are no widespread diseases that kill large numbers, like encephalitis or distemper. Most deer die from trauihatic injury -- from guns and cars." "The big problem," said Dickinson, "is when the deer population is higher than it should be, the range gets in poor shape, then the deer get in poor shape. If you get a little more severe winter than usual you'll have horrendous starvation losses." The only way to control deer, It wasn't so long ago, however, 'that deer were scarce. Around the turn of the century, unrestricted hunting and clear- cutting of forests reduced the na­ tion's whitetail population to an estimated 500,000. The herds rebounded dramatically after hunting was restricted, predators like wolves and mountain lions dwindled, and prime habitat such as aban­ doned farmland increased. Today, there are an estimated 13 million whitetail deer in the United States. In Pennsylvania, where they were nearly extinct, the herd is estimated at more than 600,000. , In Mississippi, the herd is * estimated at a million, compared to only about 1,500 animals 50 years ago. Around Chicago, deer are estimated at 100 per square mile of forest. In New York, deer were wiped ' out in western counties in the late 1800s. Now, wildlife experts say that area has more deer than the range",fciln support, although hunters kill 80 percent of the bucks each year. The state's deer herd is estimated at 500,000 -- decreased by a stepped-up hun­ ting program over the last two years. Automobiles 86 For Sale said Moen, is to issue a certain number of permits to hunt does. "Taking bucks doesn't control the population," he said. "Say you have 500,000 deer. Maybe 200,000 of those are buckslfyou take 100,000 bucks, the rest can breed every one of the females. If each has at least one fawn, you end up with 700,000 deer." Anti-hunting groups dispute that logic. "The overpopulation of deer is by design," said Luke Dommer, president of the New York City- based Committee to Abolish aport Hunting. "All wildlife management by fish and game commissions is done to create the maximum yield for hunters --at the expense of farmers and motorists.'1 Dommer and other preserva­ tionists argue that trophy hunters work against nature by taking the biggest bucks with the best racks ofantlers. "Natural predators culled the herd, took the weakest," he said. "Hunting does the opposite -- it undermines milleniums of natural selection." Dommer said buck-hunting had allowed the number of does to reach an unnatural proportion, which accounted for the high reproductive rate. He advocates a period of doe-only hunting to cut the population, followed % a total ban on hunting to let the population stabilize naturally BOOK REVIEWS Fantasy Compilation Makes Fine Reading FANTASY HALL OF FAME. Compiled by Robert Silverberg & Martin Greenberg. Arbor House. 431 Pages. $16.95. "The Hell-Bound Train" is a story by Robert Bloch, and it's a dandy. As are most of the 22 other stories in "Fantasy Hall of Fame," a collection of fantasy tales that editors Robert Silverberg and Martin Greenberg felt were the best ex­ amples of modern fantasy. The line that divides science fiction from fantasy is a very thin one, but Silverberg puts out a good rule to follow in his in­ troduction when he observes, "I tend to think of stories about spaceships, robots, computers and the like as science fiction, and of stories about vampires, werewolves, angels and such as fantasy." The Devil, for example, plays a prominent role in "The Hell- Bound Train." He is, as usual, looking for souls to buy, granting a wish in return. But in Bloch's very funny story he gets more than he bargains for when he makes a deal with a bum named Martin. Bum though he is, Mar­ tin has a mind more devious than Satan's, and how he triumphs is a joy to read. Although some of the stories included nere date back quite a few years and the prose gets a bit purple at times for modern tastes, they still are good ex­ amples of their kind and in­ teresting to read. Among these, number Ambrose Bierce's "An Inhabitant of Carcosa," Lord Dunsany's "The Sword of Welleran," and A. Merritt's "The Women of the Wood." >ng the newer entries, the veryufciest R*y Btadbury's "-Homecoming," "O Ugly Bird!" by Manly Wade Wellman, and John Collier's "Evening 4 rose." 1 Thomas AP Books Editor Prunrc Phil CONVERSION VANS IN STOCK FOR IMMEDIATE DELIVERY!! r JANUARY SALE!!!!! PARISIENNE WAGONS 6000 WAGONS IN STOCK NOW!!!!! 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Main St., Crystal Lake (815) 459-4566 PONTIAC GM QUALITY SERVICE PARTS m PAGE 13 - PLAIN DEALER - WEDNESDAV, JANUARY 2S, MM FASHION Colorful separates Avoid the dull business suit By Florence De Santis NEW YORK (NEA) - A suit is every working woman's wardrobe basic. But it doesn't have to be a dreary man-tailored suit in basic navy. Suit makers today are creating suits as separates in colorful fabrics to match spring's bright mood. How about; a pencil- striped soft rose silk/rayon blend? The jacket starts like a cardigan -- no collar and a solid-color bana edge -- but sweeps into a low double-breasted closing. Arthur Chapnik does it with a slim matching skirt or a non-striped skirt. He also offers coordinated blouses, both classic and novel, such as his bow-tie print with a real bow-tie neckline above the open front. The oversized look is still current and the Chapnik col­ lection has it in an oversized* jacket of Scottish silk woven to resemble wool, the block check in red, yellow and blue on taupe. A striped skirt in the same colors will mix with other wardrobe pieces and is cut slim to con­ trast with the broad-should­ ered jacket. A simple silk jacquard tailored shirt in fed, yellow or taupe goes with this jacket. The Chapnik collection even includes a few good hats for its suit look, such as a beret for the rose suit and a soft panama for the check. Accessories make the basic suit look different this spring. These include a chunky, colored stone choker for'the open neck of the classic shirt or geomet­ ric clip earrings to match or coordinate. For those who like basic color, black is this spring's substitute for navy with white. Arthur Kohler's has a fitted, white-piped black suit with dramatic Chelsea collar of white cut-out embroidery. Louis Feraud's is a soft cream wool suit* with black band edging. Black and white for spring is fresher than navy and takes a red blouse or accessories just as well. (NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISE ASSN.) COLORFUL SPRING suits at Arthur Chapnik include. i/rayea left, separates in a rose pencil-striped silk/rayc The fitted, double-breasted jacket is banded in solid col­ or at the collarless neckline. Bow-tie print silk crepe blouse and beret are also by Chapnik. Right, his red, yellow, blue and taupe check silk oversized jacket is shown with coordinated striped skirt tailored with solid color blouse and panama hat. The World Almanac9 »/£ 1. Which of the folllowing teams was the NCAA hock­ ey champion in 1968? (a) Colorado College (b) Cornell j[c) Denver 2. What city is the capital of Spain? (a) Barcelona (b) Madrid (c) Valencia 3. When did the first trans- Atlantic radio telegraphic transmission take place? 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