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Waste disposal classifications are studied Jaycees schedule 'sandbox fill' By Kurt Begalka Plaindealer news service The Total Waste Management Study being analyzed by the McHenry County Waste Study Advisory Committee, identifies the technical processes available for disposal, reduction and reclamation of solid waste fall. They fall into three categories: -Processes solely for the disposal of solid waste without the recovery of either materials or energy, like sanitary land­ fills. -Volume reduction processes such as source separation, in­ cineration, milling and baling which reduce the weight and volume of solid waste prior to final disposal. --Processes to recover either materials or energy or both in addition to disposing of solid waste. . These recovery processes include incineration with energy recovery, production of refuse derived fuel (RDF), source separation and composting. The McHenry County Waste Advisory Committee discussed these methods and their effects on the county at a recent meeting. Sanitary landfilling is more than just dumping waste into a hole. The material is spread in thin layers and covered daily with earth. Solid wastes are disposed in landfills in a trench or against an embankment (area method). The trench method is used at a site where the groundwater table is low and high clay con­ tent soil formation is more than six-feet deep, the engineering report states. It is best em­ ployed on flat or gently rolling land and is aptly suited for small operations. The area method utilizes cells. Many layers are placed on top of each other until the desired height is obtained. It is often used to dispose of large quan­ tities of solid waste. After being covered, biological breakdown occurs. During decomposition, bacterial produce methane, carbon dioxide and traces of oxygen, water vapor and other gases, said consulting engineer Jerry PeMers. Leachate,the:;liquid which percolates through the landfill, is produced also. Lou Marchi, from the McHenry County Defenders, pointed out that this liquid is "100s more toxic than raw sewage" and can pollute groundwater. DeMers pointed out that good site selection is important in minimizing danger. The committee touched on the use of shredding in conjunction with sanitary landfills. It decreases the need for cover material and allows between 30 and 70 percent greater com­ paction. It also decreases blowing paper and vermin, and reduces site. management. Settling and gas production occur faster. Baling waste into blocks reduces the amount of space and cover material "required. The disadvantage to both baling and shredding is high operational costs. » The engineers pointed out that regardless whether incineration and source separation are used, some materials cannot be recovered. The report cites grit from resource recovery facilities, heavy construction debris and incinerator ash in this category. In the incineration method of energy recovery, steam produced can be used for in­ dustrial processes or to turn a turbine which generates elec­ tricity. Supplemental fuel systems mechanically shred and separate solid waste into a combustible fraction to produce RDF which can be burned. It is produced primarily in 4- to 6-inh "fluff" particles or in pellets. DeMers said that dense pellets have been successfully tested at the Chrysler plant in Belvedere. Many of the recovery methods discussed involve high technology. Composting is a notable exception. It can be done in the backyard with leaves and grass clippings. It removes material from the waste stream, thereby reducing collection and disposal costs. The mature compost can be used for land­ scaping or gardening. Composting municipal waste is more involved. Through a process called co-composting, sludge and septage must be added to raise the nitrogen and moisture content. The McHenry Area Jaycees wUl hold a "sandbox fill" for local residents on Saturday, June 23. Hie Jaycees will deliver clean play sand to area homes for $2.50 per wheelbarrel. Proceeds from the project will be donated to the local FISH chapter. 9 Arrangements to have sand delivered to a sandbox or garden by trained, courteous Jaycee members can be made by calling 407-4158 or 344-2453. The rain date for the event is Saturday, June 30. Hie project is being run with the cooperation of McHenry Sand and Gravel and the McHenry County Conservation District. MCCD MEETING Hie next regular meeting of the Board of Trustees of the McHenry County Conservation District will take place at 7 p.m., Thursday, June 21, in the district office at 8512 Harts Rd., Ringwood, 60072. 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