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Once again the ice and snow- covered summit of Everest, the world's highest'mountain, ls fac- ing the challenge of puny man. Ail the world has been watch- ing the endeavours of two new expeditions-one Swiss, the other British-against the impregnable peak which for thirty years mountaineers have sought to con- quer m van. Each successive expedition ihas been better - equipped, tougher- trained and armed with more high-altitude information than any before. Through the years, repeated assaults on the moun- tain have written fresh chapters of highest adventure. And yet perhaps the strangest story ias been almost forgotten - the dy- namic saga Of the thirty-five- year-old Yorkshireman who set eut to conquer Everest single- tanded. In Bradford, his home town, êopie by ielling them that if enly they ate less they could live longer and accomplish almost auperhuman tasks. And he deter- anined to climb Everest to prove Knowing nothing of mountain- eering, at first he planned to crashland a small acroplane on the upper siopes and start with a quick advantage. When he lound this would be impossible -that the only way up Everest vas the hard way-he rigorously trained and fasted and even made a parachute jump to test his nerve. Disguised as Priest Learning to fly, he bouglit a seond-hand 'plane. After only fry hours' flying, the Air Mia- stry got wind of his attempt and warned him off. Wilson's answer vas to take off frem the airfield and head south. Watchers on the ground were horrified te see him stagger off the ground Wth the wind - instead of into it. With no practical experience of navigation, le was missing for several days. "Funny," lie wrote fre Rome, "I arm now able to keep the machine on a straight course without looking at the compass." Determined te stop lis crazy attempt, the govern- ment wired aheai for him te be refused fuel wherever he landed. But Wilson borrowed gas- oline from the Britisl Consul at Bahirein so that he could return to Basra--and still he flew on. In India his 'plane was con- ,scated. Wison arranged its re- lease by agreeing to seli it- and then came another blow. The Nepal government refused him piernission to fravel through their territory toe'Tibet. But Wil- pon had met a Tibetan who prom- ised te try te sxhuggle him through disguised as a priest. In darlglasses, wearing a bro- rade wa.istcoat, swathed in red hik and carrying an umbrella, Maurice Wilson would have been a figure of fu in Bradford. But police on the Tibetan road scarce- ly glanced at him. When he passed patrols, Wilson raised his unbrella and walked with bent knees te camouflage his heighit. One in Tibet, Wilson abandon- ed his disguise and went for- ward in European clothes. Bread and PorriQge Then, on April 27thL, 1934, he camped wîtlh his twoe Sherpa porters on the Rongbuk glacier, that windswept waste 20,400 feet up. The following day he was at Camp Il, the second base established by the 1922 and '1924 expeditions, "the locality litter- ed with jam labels," as lie re- ported. But above hlm now there towered the last vengeful 8,000 feet-and Wilson meant to con- quer it alone on brown bread, tea and porridge. Mlarked eut by previeus expe- ditions, Camp III was only 600 feet above the second, but so devious was the climbing route that i entailed another venture- some six miles. Wilson noted with pride l hlis dairy that he was exceptionally fit, no fat, all muscle." Yet every breath was now a labour, continuous thirst made him ent snow and ice. After six days he stillhad not reached the blizzard-swept Camp i and lihe decideçd ,to tr back, Î I shm~bed, I jusi had to let. myself go, roîl over, and scram- ' up agar ' wrote. Back at bi, how cve. the circulation rcturnod te his frozen feet-al- thougI tlie fierce impact et the ultra-violet rays at tlat high altitude gave him a swollen face and nearly closed his eyes. But by May 12th lie lad re- covered. The two porters agreed te accompaay him to Camp III, so that he could again make a higher climlb solo. The three-day struggle exlausted the porters, but Wilson iras still fit. Camp III ras safely reached. Then for a week wild blizzards swept the little tent. - On May 2Lst he started again, witl one porter to accompany him halfway te Camp IV. At the avalanche - haunted, crevasse - pocked North Col, the porter turned back. Wilson was now on hs own, but hie Tecorded la his diary the ghostly impressions sbared by other Everest climbers. "Strange," he wrote, "but 1 feel there is somebody with me in the tent" Then came the final effort. Strapped on lis pack was a con- cave mirror, reflecting lis pro- gress to wratchers l a monastery far beloi. Somewhere, within half-a-mile radius, was Camp IV and food. But Wilson could net find it. For six days ie struggled up- ward, incl by inch. When lie slept, his light tent parked at an angle of 35 degrees, e huddled snow round him for warnr ". His diary grew monosyllabic. "No food, no water. Get back, May 26, 27. Stayed in bed." But with the last flicker of hope-"Wind nearly through my vitals"-the food was found. "Off again," he recorded on Mpy 31st. "Gorgeous day." These were Maurice Wilson's last words. Sixteen months later the E r i c Shipton expedition found his frozen corpse at 22,000 feet. He had vidently died la bis tent from exhaustion and then the wind had blown the tent clear. The party huried Wilson in a neiglibouring snow crevasse. "His body passed through the snow," wrrote Eric Shipton. "It comple.tely disappeared. There was no hole where it fol], just nlain white snow ..." made by driftwood fret ,hîgh >y7 twelve the walls o that the when they .y around down the ds up the Smaterial wood. one trees. It rivers of hich have xeads, and c beaches cf many scattered Speedy Service-The Canadian Pacific Ra TQronto was speeded up cnd improve railway flat cars as shown above. lnder city by trucks. The trailers will then be lo detached, After being sped to its destirn other tractors will be attached to the trc signee. Service is speeded by elimination c ninimized and the convenience of pick xontreal-Toronto operations prove succe- vilI Says Germ Warfare Would Not Work Mention germ marfare in mix- ed company and you can alinost see your listeners' scalps tingle. They conjure up visions of sin- ister missiles, more deadly even tian a hydrogen bomb, raining down silently and turning cities into ghost towns, with thei- selves and their families, friends, and neighbours, all lying dead in the streets. Yet, the frightening idea that vast areas could be depopulated by germs dropped from the air il really ridiculous. It's perfect-. ly true that as little as a tea- spoonful of a particular bacteria could fatally infect every member of the British laIes, But the germa ma question would have te te properly portioned out. And-fortunately for ,ll con- cerned - the very germa which might wreak most havoc would not themslves be tougli enough to stand warfare conditions. Contrary te general bellof, germ warfare is nething new, It mas first tried in the fourteenth century, when the Tartars swept across Europe from Russia and, la an attempt to overcome resis- tance at Caffa, liurled corpses and dying victims of the buionic plague over the city's walls. In World War 1 the Germans tried te introduce cholera lito Itaiy. Later, they inoculated horses with glanders and set them free to mingle with horse-drawn units of the Alies. As recently as 1942, atter 165 Chinese deaths, China accused Japan of dropping infected rice and clothing from a 'plane. But it's extremely improbable ihat epidemics on a large scale cold be started by germ war- fare. As the U.S. journal i"fo- fare. As an American jour- nal "Toe -day's Hoalth" points ut, th e r e are ne known germs which could be lib- erated as free agents and be ex- pected to create a widespread pestilence. WThen sibjected to the rigours ot warfare they would expire long before tbey could do their dirty work. There's one other comforting factor. Simply this. Lt would hardly profit any nation te con- quer another with, say, typhus . . . or eveI foot-and-mouth. For the victorieus race would soon find the disease knocking ai its ow docto. Pestilence is no respecter of boundaries. MERRY MENAGERtE was a little laie starti g seuth thtis yearl" ?ALKS Here are saine of the questions most frequently asked biy inex- perienced or disappointed cooks, together with aisera rhiich should be of value not only to them, but to many other bouse- wives, I hope. B.-My mother was a wonder- fui cook. I have her recipes but my biscuits are never flaky and light and my pastry is barely edible. What causes my poor products? A.-Two people using the same recipe seldom produce. thie samie results. Your mother probably handled ler biscuit and pastry dougIs with a very liglit hand. You may be the athletk 'type with a strong righi' arm and, althougli you are kr eading the biscuits thirty seconds as lier recipe directs, your stiength is so great that haif that tine would be right for you. When you use lier pastry recipe, tos the dry in- gredients up from the bottom of the bowl with a fork as the water is added. Tl:en pres tie bits of douglin o- qball Don't knead. Pat the d(ugh eut on a floured board and then roi it Iightly in all directions. Don't rol back and forth Q.-Wbat causes a layer or loaf cake te bump linthe middle and sometimes to crack? A.--To mnuch floi is usally the cause of humps and cracks in cake. Sift the -fieur once be- fore measuring, spoon it ie'a measuring cup and Cvel it off witb a straight edga kifite or spatula Be aureto tme the typé flour indicated in thé recipe. Too hot an Oven during the first part of the baking pea'c aiso may cause humps and cracks. A crust must notfom 11i the leavening has had time te raia the batter or it will rise more in the centre where the crust is tender. Q.-What makes cake close- grained and heavv? A --Heaviness is usually the re- suIt of overstirring or beating the bater. Lt is mo:i ap te occur wPen an electri beater is used. Unless tC cake is a very ich one tho- batter slcild be stirred after each addition o dry nid lîquid ingredients onîy until well blencded and smeobh. Using a moderalely slio speci in a mixer provent's ver-beating Heaviness aise mnay lic caused by tee much supar, shortening or liquid or tee litle leavening Q.-RecCpes for spunge and ;ngel cake alwaye call for un- greased pans. Wouldn' it be bet- ter to grease pans su te cake, would fall eut on ecoling? A.-Sponge and angol cakes should not le baked in greased pans. The battcm which is large- ly beaten egg wh:tes is tee de- liate le »old up and give a cake to fui] volune without tho auppori cf the unp eased pan te whicn it clIngs dung baking pnd colrg. A tube pan with a remevable bottom facilitates re- moval of the cake f-, waa air t holes. * Q.-Can batters foi waffles and griddle cakes be made ahead et time? A.-If a dotbie-action baking powder is used in a batter it may be stored in the refrigera- tor for several lours or perhaps longer. This is possible because a double action powder release., only about one-third of ils leav- ening mhen coîd; the remaining two-thirds on baking. Q.-My daughter wili be mar- ried seon uand want te equip her kitchen wit le best kind of pans for cakes pies and cookies. What would yeu recom- mend for each? A.-Pans are made ef various materials wich affect their bal- ing use te sore extent A heavy metal absorbs and retains heat. Tius, enamel or glass pie pans help te brown tie under crust cf a pie. Tlis browning would ho undesirable n a cake or cookie. Stirny alaminum and heavy tin reflet th heat and foods baked in pans cf tese metals irown delcately al Over. Tiey arc gocd for ail baking and most recipes are wrltten fer their usé If glass .cast iro or enamel is employed, the tompematume must be lowerd, usualiy about 25°. or th time cf baking de- creased. Sods stacted against the slant- ing walls conplete the igloo; a skyliglht la ctut in the middle of the roof about two feet square, over which isfitted a paie et translucent stitched sea animal intestine. The Eskimo window is thus not in the wal of the house, but ia the roof. The deor, smal and low to conserve leat, and a very important ventilator siaft in the roof near the steve-pipe, go to finish the bhouse. The floor inay be of hand- hewn planks, or of willow twigs over which caribou skias are laid. People live on the fleer. Such a dwelling, whlien proper- ly made, is so completely weatherproof that a stove only a few' inches square, set close te the floor, can heat it. By winter the igloo is, of course, burîed la snow blocks cut from thi iard- beaten drifts with a saiw. A snow alleyway, preferably one with a turn in it if you are i cated on the windy coast along with any number of snow "wings" may be added durmig ,the witr ... Sitch a ehouse is the varnm- est, ti easliest to heat, and the most comfortable to lice la eo any devised for people living an actic life of hunting and fisbing. -rom "The Flight of the Arc- tic Tan," by Constance and ' r- -mon Melmerickcs. Belle Rings BeIt-Getting recdy to ring out a very merry Christ- mes for everybody, this pretty Christmoas fairy sniles threugh the ribbons she will yck te send us the season's gre::tings bright and early Christmas hnornirg. 'o