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A New look At Young Delinquents If, as m-asiy a social worker I roclaimns, juvenile deinquescy a,3pimarily a iower-ciass,sum aând-paverty condition, w.hy daes poverty-free Sweden exhibit one- -f tIse world's bigblest J.1 rates? WIsy are thse West Germ.,-ans, with their glitterisg new ecasomy-i, plagued witb a swelling delin- quency problemi while newi-y ar- rived East Germnans in their midst -- tbreadbare and under- priv;ileged - behave In a comn- parativeiy fauities mannrer? The aiis w er, accarding ta, au fresb and jalting book calIed "Kids, Crime, an-d Chaos" is thlat a bigbly developed society brings mare temiptations - more cars ta steal, more self-service stores, are materiai things ta long for, When a country is progressing,," ayg author RouI7 Tunley, a ma- gazine writer wbo did global re-. search for this study of juvenile crime, "there is a period of up- heaval. TIse resultant urbaniza- tion, mobility, and industrializa- tian arc\band on ail - especia1lly the chidn3en." Affluenice, iran- icaliy, seems ta stimulate -delin- quency. Yet most U.S. theoreti- cians st'Ili IoId ta tIse shibboleth that improved living- conditions help deter delinquent behavior. TIse author cuts tbriiough tbia cliché witb a wealtb of provoca- tive evidence. In Swýeden, de«- iinquency is viewed by authori- tiss "xi ussey"a middie- class phenomenan. Tokyo off ic- ils report that 35 per cent of al jiivenile crimne (excluding traf- fic) offences cornes fronti middle- and upper-class bomes. Applying such notions to Am-enicai, Tunley points out -that tIse deIiinquency frequently_ bursts out at a res- pectable social level, from car- stealing amnong socially promis- ent youngsters in Englewoad, N.J., ta 151 miiddile-class, juven- iles pîcked up in Westchester County for taking dope. SucIs 1tacts - bath bere and abroad - have ail tIse mare weigbit be- cause, is general, tIse Iigher the family's eca-nomic level, the cas- ler ifis ta hide deiinquency. Is deiinquency in tIse United States as rampant a social dis- ease as it's cracked Up ta, be? Experts fiauint a casier of scare figures but, according taotthe au- thor, JD statistica create a mis- leadîng picture. "We hava broad- enied aur defisition ai juveniile dcliinquency so reckiessly ilin tihe .last severai decades that it uni- cludes just about every trans- ,ression ai chiidlhood," says unley. Three Caifornia boys, for example, were recentiy ar- rcsted becau-,se tbey were caughit swimmning nude is a river. Is. New Jersey, two youngsters who. Jhad neyer been un troubla with police sneaked out after dark and paintcd a local monument sbocking pisk. The resulit: Botis were sentenced ta indeterminata terain the state reiormratary. AIl these boys, is tIse eyes of tfie kaw, a-re juvenile delinquents. Truancy, leaving home, curfew violations -- these ara acts that, wouid sot be considered crimesp- Jif cormitted by an àdult. Today tbey label a yaungster as a. tireat ta saciety. Author Tunley ticks off theory after theory cammonly accepted 1y bath expert and layman, then, scores' tbem witis contradictions. For examipie: Broken bornes are thse cause cf moat deiinquency. In anc P'hiiadelpIsia i tudy t was re- ported i.that seiaus offendens fromn broken homnes wene iawer than the ritimber framr intact ho0m es, Wliat we need la m-ore boys' clubs. In a New York boys' or- ganization, 18 par cent ai tIs1e youngsters were d e11 iqu enti when they first joined. After they had participated in the ac- tivities, thse deinquescy figure ?,ose ta 23 per cent. ouitside jobs - the highest per- centage in thse worid - and yet Austria has one of the iowestde iinquenicy rates. Naturally, Tuinley does not deny that there is seime truth wn the orthadox theories. But ha is emnphasizing that new tbink- ing and, wbiat is maore'important, new. action are needed. For one thning, the U.S. is institution-ý mninded. "As soon as a new in- stitution is built, it immediately becomesoerrw d, a cor- rection officer told the authar. "«Judges feel iît ought ta be used." Why not try probation, instead of such ready iimprisoniment? When used on anm adequate scale, insists Tunley, the resuits have been stunning. The commnon ex- cuse is that thie number of pro- bation officers is woefuiiy in- adequate, but many a fareign country has soived the lack by tapping volunteers. No sing-le approacb will do the job, admits the author. But it ils IigliP time that commounities shuck their rigid conceptions and start învestigaiting the scores of promiising wysta hanche delin- quýency,. Moreover, adults shouid realize that tbings are not qut. so bad as they, seem. They might, intimnates Tunfley, consider thEt wordis of Pierre Morelli of the French Minîstry o! Justice: "The Euiropean accepts the adolescent for the haîf-mnan, half-child that he is, a creature of romance, pas- sion, and imrpulse2." TIse Ameni- can ado)lescenit is no different. When Dickens Was A Scho ol-Boyl IMr. Giles's scbool, its students would have assuired you, was the best in Chatham, Tbey called themiselves Gile-s's Cats a.nd wYore white top bats ta di.stinguish tbemselves f romn the lower or -, ders wh.o studied at inferior es- talblishments. Charles (Dickens,-) was highly sensible of bhis rank as one of Giles's Cats. He and bis pretty dark-eyedl sister Fanny, ini trutb, were bath moicst pleasantly aware of being tlie chidren of gentlefolks. a fact which their mother fre- quently mentioned ta them. She 1was aýlso given ta referring- with a tremibling sigh ta their "pres- ent limnited crusacs"But that, they knew, was only ber indirect reference ta the home she had lef r when she mamied -a homne, they gathered, of plienomenai spiendar. Mioney -was no cancers Of theirs. Even wfien tliey moved fromr the middle-ciass comfort af Ordnaice Terrace ta the sbab- bier, smafler place at ,tIse Brook," it was only mnoving ta another house in a worid wbere everything was stiLI a size big- 1 er and brigbter than life. Their mother, despite thse tact that she neyer stopped talking and seldom macle sense, was an exiied pincess; their father, withi his vast cfliars, vaster VO- cabulary, and perpetual air of being mnidway tbrougb a ban- quet toast ta a gUest of honor, was a Brummineil as)d a Lord iChesterfieUd The Navy Pay Off- ice clerkship) which, he beld was a position Mf trust with the gov- emnnent. Chatharri was the centra ai, tIse universe; and it had the largest and finest tows dlock in the, worid, ta boot. Ansd the Brook bad simply, replaced Ord- nance Terrace as the centre aof iChathans. Charies fousd it a litasad at first ta ive no long- er next daor 10 the peacl-clored Lucy wisom lie had once kissed under ber dinlng-roam table. , I wias in biâ third-f-loor' bcd- iraamn at tIsa B>rook that hî bad found the books, They were, in at large wvooden box, and noboody knew or cared wbere they liad came fromp. Left bebind by a previaus tenant, bis fatber sug- gestedc witb lack of interest. But ART'I LOVER - A French podle ponders the wonders of arr aot outdoor exhibit in New York's Greenwich Village. Well, 1 certainly Ihave somie- th,1sg1 different to write about this week. Bob and b-is f aily w-Nere Isare for supper today as usual and rigist away Bob said - "Wbere is thîs model railway l've becs lsearisg about- I'd like to sea it?" Strangely enlougis the raiiway be was refernlng ta la as pri'vate proýperty almoat backing our own. Partner turned ta me and said immediateiy - "Yau knaw M rs. Hiii, why don't you phsone and askif ~ they would min d if wve walked over?" Sa I did - and the answer was "sot at ail'.' Well, ve didn't lose any time ini going over and we saw not ana model raiiway but twa, !)otis ai wbiicb were warking. The firat model was quite sm-all but very powerful and ras on ia circular track at thse back of Mn. George Hil's wooded propeýrty at Eindale. TIse engine was owvnedt by Mn. AI. Tliorp at Streetsviiia wba mnade the model Iimself. it la built on a 3/i ich scale and tise model I saw la a 3½ inch gauge of an inidustnrial swiching engine 'Thîs engine ila what la ksows as a "iour-wIseelcr, 0 - 4 - 0 type," coal-fired witIs a grata area ai oniy four square incises. It bas a steam pressure aif 80 pounds per square inch, yet when wve saw it the wee mnodel! was puifiing away aro-usd thse track witli a mais sitting on tIse back working tlie engine contrai1s. More thanUtat we were toid th*~ engin. wlll pull TWO adu.ltr 011 a dry, level tracl Yet tise engint weighsý oniy 23 ipounds. Mn, Thonp told mne li and bis wife attended the spning meeting of tIse Pioncer Valley Liva Steamiers at Southwark, Mass, U.S.A. TIse littie model was on exbiibit osntIse Sunday and dur- ing demonstrations was in steamn for jusit about six Isaurs. We were reaiiy fascinated watching this srmali model running around tIse track without tIse leasit vis- ible effort and yet carryîng with it a iull-sized mais seated on a fiat, car at tise rear. Now wecocme ta tIse large mrodel.. This was at Mn. Hr, place for hlm ta do somne me- clianical work on At - at wlsich leie l an expert. The rnodel ac- tua.lly belaxsgs ta Mr. Ernesit Dieka, of Wastois an4 -wýas orig- Inaiiy bougiht and sïWpped irons 4one large estate listIse County pf Kaist Is!Esglaisd. Mr,.H111 Isad, Ikald down 80 feet of etraightý 'rack for the~ model ta vms on, 401/ iches wlde. Tisis engina las' bulIt on a2 Ihs saab and la ISSUE 25- 968 wbat is know;n as tIse 4 - 4, - 0 type. Of course ail these parti- culars are ail Dutah ta me so rather tIsas make wiid guesses 1 gaitIshe information straîght from the Isorse's rmoutis ta make sure aifit being correct. Thtis big model was dnawing ais opes car, somnethiing like an aid- fasbioned streetcar and bad seat- ing capacity for ecîgbt aduit pas- sengers. Thait was tIsa number tisait was on when we saw it, plus a couple ai smnali children, yet it was running aiang tise track, taoting mnenrily an its way, jusit as smoothly as a regular raiiway train -- or mnaybe more smoothly thaxn some! Mr. Dicks is anticipaiting put- ting bis miodel railway ta some use and is hoping it migbit be tisa, centre af attraction at some pub- lic park for amusement and in- struction af chiidren. TIse prototype af this model was n use in 1904 - possibly tIse type ai angine used ta pull an express passenger train in those eanly days, 0f course ail1 this intereit i mode! engines and raiiways laj mereiy a hobby with aIL, tisa men concerncd - tIsey~ are ail vari- ously engagedis making a living, Beut wbat a marvellaus thing it la ta hava any sudh hobby capa- ble ai producing sa muaIs crea- tive abiiity. I was sorry our two grandsons, Ross and Ccdnlc, did flot get aven ta sec it but tbey werc having their afternoan sieep after a big momning at tIse Riverdale Zoo. WIsen tiey c-ame is ý>o see us tbey could hardy get words out f ast enough ta tell us about ail tise animais they Isad secs. Sa we iigured thay Isad had enough excitamnenit for- anc day an-d a good slccp was more ta tisa poinit than seciing a model rail- m'av. Dec anid lier family were ilis lasi Fniday niglit - tIse firsit time for quite awbilc and wc saw quite a ch'-ange in the boys - quieter and mare mature. Excepit for Jerry wbho is't quite fi ,ve and ai course staritSs sdlol il Sep tember, He la stili fuil1 of tIsa -id Nlck. Actually they wcre ail un godhumiour - èspeclally Art -- as a houa. tisey Isad had aos tise markeit sisce lasit Auguait iad flnaily been sald. I'M glad w, haven't an-y real estata ta worry about as tise present tIrne cor- tainly isx't a sa-ller'a market. Neithpr nhCava w. :ýtoç1 aî shanes ta ha concerned aboýut- for tisat we are truly grateful! Sgn in a Leaside churcir gar- den. "Trespassers will b. for- given." Brigtte and Maria ReaIIy Scrai'ched One of the nost cluseiy guard- ed secrets af thec Parisian filmn set was.' the( hair pulling cat- figt btv.oenFrance's sex kit- ten Brigitte Bardot and Mexico'S long etbihe film queen, French Fnewsp-,apermiený, aw leanng over backwards ta pro- te,-t the "prestige" of La Bardot, hushed up thie incident. But aMeca film indutstry Inogul lias spilt the beans. This latest incident lis ypiical of -Maria Fe1Jx, Wherever the agelesýs Mexican actress liurns ap there's inevitabiy a srene. Maria la a past mYaster at at- tract 'ing attention abroad. Be- fore she swopa cloùwn on a o~untry hei peeded by her secretary, hairdresser, ru a id dressnrnker,.severai dogsanad.,of course, lier latest ltoy-friend. Recently Maria -turned lier at- tentionis, ta) Pris, and there, at aparty, the sopbisticated lMaria and the sultry Brigitte camne f ace~ ta face, according ta a writer in aTtBt. The giances of guests moved calculatingly irom aona ta the other. Maria seemned ta get the e-dge of attention by virtue of her experience and savoir-faire. By comiparisan, La Bardot look- ed more the little girl, a naive unsophisticate, and very defin- ltely second fiddle. Even the unruly Bardot hair- do somehow did not make the grade. Sa, conquering Maria became "ýqueen" of the bail, recipient of toasts, pretty compliments- and a retinue of maies. Maria was enjoying it ail - but car- tainly not BB And so -thé femn- mnine combat begani in earnest. Round One: At first Brigitte contented herseif with giving Maria the "evil' eye" treatment, with dark, low,%erIng looks. Round Two: La Bardot began ta send out barbed remnarks, ini a loud, carrying voice, principal'- Ivyreferring- tathe âge arrd face and figure of her famnous OPPa- ent, Round Thret. Maria refused ta be drawn by the charge ot "aId hag," if anything, ber bear-' Ing assumed an added elegance-. This indifference finally caused Brigitte ta revert ta the cal] of tIse wild. Round Four: Without Aarnng mIse rushed the "enemiy," grab- bing at Maria's ;haîr. The two ladies were soon on thse floor, In a scene that outciassed anything they had performed before thse camleras. Round Five got under way- 1burt maie guests decided enougis was enough. It wasn't at ail easy ta pull the infuriated Brigitte off ber adversary. Maria's face showed streaks of blood. Covering ît as best se couid with a siik handkerchief, the Mexican actress macle as dig- nified an exit as possible In tIse circuimstaflces. But Brigitte stayed on., fter U8omnetbum 1 get tise feeling Tm lving Lna adreani." OLD ORDER CHANGETH -- ThI3 "inside-out" structuîe îý so-called because of its exterior structural steel framnework instead of the conventional interior post and beamn construC'ý fion. Colled the "firat truly contemporary steel office buîld% ing" by its designers, structure is being erected in Pittsburghk sorne patchwork - C'ier dis- arraXe-d, tor iieothing. She had driven off her rival, was now happy, 1iuging and dancing and drinking. 1Maria decided that publicity migbt jbave neg-ative repercus- Éions. So, like a lady, she ma,,g-. nanimousiy decided ta forget about the whole unpleasant ep- isode. In the future the two film queens of an oider and youniger generatio.n will not lbe invitfed tn the sarneparties. Moderv Etiquette ey Anne Ashley Q.Ts l# eonsidered gaod man- iRers tuk enter someoners home witlr a llghted igaéret lxx oue>!é A. No.ý Q. My hnsband reûentl lnfto"ý d ffiled me to a nun w1m !iý as, sociated with the fiospital fer Fie fs einployed. 1 acknowledged tIIe e itroduction while smaied and xny hushanil tells mne> waa' Pudfe - that 1 should have risen What do you say? A. I agree with your husband You shouid have risen. Q. 1 have attended two bridai shoýwers on the saine girl, which of course cintailed two gifts. Amn 1 stili suppcsed to give her a wedding gift, tao? ;A. Since yo-u were a close@ enough friend of the bride to b,, invited to two shovers, you arc also friend enough ta give her a wedding gift. Under these cir- cumstances, the shoWer gift caxi be miuch smallenr' ad less expen- sive than the subsequent wed- ding gif t. Q. The ternis "European plan' a nd dAm*rican plan" aiwayi confuse me ln the matter ai hotels. WiIl you please enlighteii me? A. European plan mean.s roorn alone withouï rmea>s. Americar jplan includes meals w',itb' 1the Q.If a khif e bas, not been, used' during- z mettt shoulci it lIe pfclt- ed tip at -the end of' ftire menu and placed with thle f ork acrtie- thxe Plate so tatInt il W ie eim eut when tlre plate fs remuved? A. No; it should rem-lainïiilr it is an the table. Patience is the- best rýemnedy' for, every trofible. P. Cizake