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_---- Sen.: right,--I working for notW g"h::dlflnmn:-'vho surned me out. 1 ers here. You will recognize the tactics that they employ to win mhmm&:flsn"-. ployed to win that fight. h&--;wthg:ourmuu,] was deposed from presidency of that organization because they want-- #d to form a marketing company,-- NPSpCHDAVe markeling _ company, and I objected to the plian and they and take it into the milk factory found some one there to turn his ~wlnd!ndhimm0f eourse, 1 see there are no labor lead-- indieted,--I only know that Chicago didn't get any milk, and any fellow that tried to draw his milk to town #t. In 1915 they elected me to be the president of that association, and I at once started over the milk producing area around Chicago to diin't take any salary, 1 didn't take any expenses, and in that I set myself into a class by myself, which is not a good thing. You know I hllnofiuthathcnwumo'. portunity to serve the farmers. I had a dream,--call it a dream if you please, of what I might be able to do with co--operative associations based mthmmflymmnj'}.g at home is where 1 was going to start, with home people. 1 was go-- ing to build associations from the bottom up and not from the top down. We asked $1.55 for our milk that summer, three cents a quart. It was selling in Chicago for nine. The Chicago dealers refused to pay it -'"""hl}tflnmynflk We were enjoined, some of us were listen to a little bit of history of my association with farmer corporations and _ co--operative . organizations. When 1 went to my farm 20 years ago and found that the price of my milk was made by the milk dealer in the town where I offered it for sale rmmmm.umm' told him if he wanted my product he must pay my price. He wouldn't pay it and so I put a churn into my: ereamery and a cream separator and XMWMIMMWI at my price and not at his price, even though his price for milk would have given me more for the milk than 1 made off the butter. I kept on with that losing game for five years but l{n'domynkpflee. i 1 went over to Europe in 1908 and I looked into this question of €o--operation, and in 1912 when again there 1 studied into the whole sub-- ject of co--operation as regards the dairy interests in Ireland.1 talked with Sir Horace Plunkett. 1 went over to Denmark and down into Hol-- land, Schlesweg--Holstein, talking with producers about co--operation, and when I came back in 1914 I was offered the presidency of the Milk Producers Association, but refused increase the membership. 1 worked Et_yur.Almdocumlmh. I might be profiteering or an exhorbit-- ant price obtained. At that time I said that the farmer was needing an mbility to orderly market his pro-- ducts, and I protested against the passage of that bill, even though I was the only man, I think, to vote against it. J gether of the products of the farm. It was then felt that these products ducts have brought. In 1917, I re-- member well the bill of Senator Glackin in which there was a pro-- based on contracts with producing farmers which may run 10 years and providing penalties of the greatest severity if a farmer should under-- take to break his contract. Senator Swift offered some amend-- ments to the bill and his speech on his amendment to let the farmer get out of his contract by notice of one year follows. 'The subject is of such great importance to our farmers that we give it space. Mr. Swift: (Lake) Mr. President, gentlemen of the Senate: You who have been here some years will know that I have always been favorable to any action on the part of this Sen-- ate that would return to the farm a better share of its products, a better these are the ones that provide for the formation of co--operative asso-- clations with the power to amaigi-- mate or unify themselves into a cen-- tral organization that may extend the whole country wide all to be "PAGE EIGHT perience in legislation, 24 years in the house, said to me, "I have read it carefully but I don't know what it torney, the latest of the high--priced specialists who would save the farm-- er. The bill is 18 pages long and Speaker Shanahan with all his ex-- Says Farmer Should Not Be Compelled to Tie Up for Ten Years The Illinois Agricultural Associa-- tion a month ago brought to the sen-- ate a bill which it calls a "Co--opera-- tive Marketing Bill' drafted by Adam Sapiro, a San Francisco at-- CONTRACT PART DRAWS HIS FIRE There are some provisions of it, of . Swift Explains Stand on 'Co--op Marketing Bill bloc, the farm bloc, the manufac-- turers bloc, the railroad bloe and thnnmronsodnrflou-apt their own special laws writtern into our statutes ? C bloc legislation without any rela-- tion to the general Jow of the state? This is the question that 1 wanted to ask these able men of this senate-- stand are in bondage, our farms need help. I am in sympathy with this bill be-- eause I belong to the agricultural bloc, but I am first a citisen of IIMlinois. One.:zt.htanMl intended to of the good at-- torneys in this Senate was, what will be the course of legislation in the state of lllinois when bloc after This morning a copy of the last Milk News from the milk producers in the north end of the state stated that Adam Sapiro is the Moses that is leading the farmers of this nation from bondage. Now,, somehow that don't concern me much. Our farms He attended a meeting in New York City the other day and around a dinner table among others was Judge Gary. Sapiro explained his dream, of what he would do for the farmers of this country when he had them all organized under mar-- keting contracts; and he said to Judge Gary, 1 propose doing just Mywnndflh'hyo'gw business, I am going to stabilize this food industry and stabilize these food markets,. How would the people of Chicago and other cities fare if the food of this nation was under the control of a few men? The dream is here right before us ' and I see in a farm paper among the list of names that are said to be the greatest inAuricultun,---'mongl the toh names given as ten men who have done mare for agriculture than any other ten men in the world-- i.dnnnmeolAdam.Sqlm. That is the man who has 'dreamed this dream of food control and drawn this bill. * stock of this association and the five members may have five--twen-- tieths of the stock and the outsiders will be in control. But, further, un-- der this bill this association can sell itself to the next association or can associate with it and that association can associate with the next one and the next one with the next one and then it can drop over into the grain growers and from the grain growers it can pick up the tobacco growers and from the«tobacco growers it can pick the cotton growers and then on to the west where it can take the raisin and prune growers, thus pro-- )vldiunnythuvmm-dm this nation, a food control of this nation based on this bill which has passed twenty states. -- They tell me this morning only one governor has had the courage: to veto it. q this bill will recognize what I say as to be within its possibilities, as to be within the dream of the man who has dreamed this co--operation to extend from the fruit growers of California to the potato growers of Maine, from the cotton growers on the Rio Grande to the wheat produc-- ers at Winnipeg. It is a dream of a man that dreams for power. Oth-- er men have dreamed for power in the history 6f this nation but now here is a dream on the part of an able man, a wonderfully able man, who has prepared this bill and it is introduced into this Senate--a bill that makes his dream a possibility. It is the dream of an association formed in any home town, with six home members and five men who may be from outside the state, who form an association. The six mem-- bers may only have six shares of the Now, gentlemen, 1 have not lightly offered this amendment. From the day that this bill appeared in this Senate I began to study it, and I asked the opinion of good legisla-- tors, men that have been here a long time and understand :fi: making of laws, men that have interest of this state at heart and want to do the right thing for this state, and I said to them, won't you sympathe-- tically study this bill and tell me what this bill means and what are its powers. The men that I have asked will remember what I have said to them because I have wanted information. You who have studied works for nothing and can't hold his job. So I accepted my discharge and stepped one side; but from that time to this, watching the history of that company and seeing its failure, see-- ing that company take two per cent, five per cent, ten per cent, fifty per cent, and then taking it all, every aollar of the month's milk from that man on the farm; every dollar of it was confiscated by that market-- ing company to meet its expenses and losses. That they paid for it later with their bonds, and the farm-- er had to take them or nothing, does not pay that farmer's debts. to stabilize| "* ""*"C I9 and _ stabitize |!nE has bee Jow would the | Since then.' d other citiee| "You kn« is nation was |ceeded. Yo few men? ple thought y of the last control. Y Mr. Swift (Lake)--"No, 1 am ing to vote for it." Mr. Barr (WIill\__"T than@ht f notice of one year. 1 want the pro-- ducer to have a chance to get out at the end of the year from under such blighting contract." Mr. Barr (Will)--"Senator Swift, are you against the bill entirely ?" Mr. Kessinger (Kane)--"It is no more an indictment against co--oper-- ative associations than a faflure is an indietment against all banks." Mr. Swift (Lake)--"Harold, 1 am not talking about that, I am only talking had it in the courts, they have sent the marshals in and taken a mar by the arm and out of the chair and set another man down in the chair only to find that the game did not stand the test. Now these leaders would make perpetual a tremendous pow-- er with a ten year contract." sinstic man tried to lead a cause than Eckhart. He borrowed from the IHMlinois Agricultural association $157,000, and he borrowed other money to go out and organize this U. 8. Grain Growers association and when certain members from other state got disgusted even though our Illinois leaders stayed with Eckhart they turned Eckhart out, but their in-- competent leaders stayed in. When they tried to turn out the fellows that are running the milk producers association they failed. They have "You know how they have suc-- ceeded. You know that certain peo-- ple thought they were leaders and 'n control. You know about how they turned out too. You know about Mr. Eckhart. No stronger, more entho-- sinstic man tried to lead a cause than Eckhart. He borrowed from cent of the grain growers associa-- tion paid. Eckhart, the treasurer of the grain growers, an Ilinois man, was trickily dropped out, the Illi-- nois Agricultural association lost its $157,000, Gustafson, from Nebras-- ka held to his presidency and noth-- ing has been done in the two years Eckhart. No stronger, more er siastic man tried to lead a c than Eckhart. He borrowed | the IHlinois Agricultural associ $157,000, and he borrowed c money to go out and organize U. 8. Grain Growers association bureau report: 'Petty differences be-- tween factions on the board of direc-- tors were early to the fore. Because of these differences its members are numbered by tens of thousands rather than by hundreds of thou-- sands and there is a deficit of hun-- dreds of thousands of dollars in the t¥easury instead of a surplus. The convention was a political jockey rather than a business meeting. Two factions, one led by President Gus-- tafson and the other by the Illinois Agricultural association, were open-- ly disclosed. The Illinois Agricul-- tural association notified President Gustafson that it wanted the $157,-- 000 that it had loaned him as presi-- its annual canmvention in Chicago, March 21--23, 1922 with 49 delegates. how they have succeeded when they have tried to change their leaders. The U. 8. Grain Growers, Inc., held a farm paper: "For years the Chi-- cago Milk Producers' association and the Co--operative Marketing company have been afflicted with selfish and incompetent leaders." Now, are we to hold these productng farmers un-- der these selfish and incompetent leaders or are we to let them have an opportunity to get out by giving one year's notice? I had that notice drawn for 60 days, and a good friend of the bill said to me, "Do you think that is enough, Swift?" And I said, "Well, make it one year if you want." Mr. Kessinger (Kane) senator-- '"Why wouldn't it be better to give them a chance to change their lead-- ers instead of leave their organiza-- wide scope of this bill. The trea-- tion of an association that will feed the cities, and based on the farmers' producting contracts, would be a food monopoly bigger than the world has ever known. Would this association have common sense and keep its feet on the ground and not hog the whole situation? I fear not. Such power is dangerous. You read in the press this story of selfish co-- operative leaders--I quote here from to the boll weevil, are extremely prosperous and cotton is at the top price and the association is in favor of setting up a big surplus, but that surplus would kill the small mar making milk. Without an amend-- ment he must stay in because he can't get out. You can see how vital this amendment is to the nation-- Mr. Swift (Lake)--"I will quote ers are with the prune growers and they are with the cotton growers, and they are in with the tobaceo growers, all in one great scheme, and it is found that we in Lake county won't function well in this scheme and we want to get out. My amendment will let us do it. It is found that the cotton men, thanks tion and this association is with the grain growers and the grain grow-- 'The contract offered the farmers by our milk producers co--operative marketing® company of northern Illi-- 'nois, written by Sapiro, gives them an opportunity to get out between the 15th and 830th days of Decem-- ber inclusive of each year--either party may withdraw from the con-- tract, hence it is only for one year. But under this bill recognized ten-- year contracts let us suppose that our milk dealers are im an associa-- can ask for his withdrawal, and if the directors don't let him out at once he is out in a year. d THE LAKE COUNTY REGISTER, WEDNESDAY (Will)--"I thought from every particle of rebellion 'in me arose. There is no class in America ndthenmnoehuudutunhoy' and girl on the farm with the oppor-- tunity cannot reach, and they will go el sociation into unwise moves and the farmers will hold the bag. "Then again, this contract--Mr. Peteet, as slick a talker as ever stood on that platform, said: 'Gentleman, I call your attention to the fact that American now has become an Amer-- ica of classes. There is the class thuprodueuonthof'm,tbcnh do whatever he pleases. Under the guise of enthusiasm, the same en-- thusigam that is prevailing in this MB on ooo tir n ons h A t dsc kcA d Mr. Swift fLake)--"It is so un-- economic, it so destroys efficiency, to m.mh.u-.dm-m long term contracts where he can Mr. Barr (Will)--"Well, that is true with all of us, you know." do. Besides, he has work to do, the weeds are growing and he is needed at home." only a farmer and not a lawyer." Mr. Barr (Will)--"He can go and vote, can't he ?" Mr. Swift (Lake)--"He can go and vote truly, but when he gets down to the meeting he don't always know what is the sensible thing to only a farmer Mr. Swift (Lake)--"But they don't do it, and those mouthy unfit stay in power, and this poor fellow on the farm is still held under his contract. He can't do anything because his is Mr. Barr (Will)--"They they have the votes." Mr. Barr (Will)--"But you have just told us when they didnt' like a leader they threw him out." Mr. Swift (Lake)--"But they don't throw out all the incompetents. Some of them stay in and they can't do it." Mr. Swift (Lake) --"Yes, of course, but these leaders after they are elected won't work if they don't bave to hold their contract--produc-- ers by giving high class service." Mr. Barr (Will)--Don't they elect their leaders ?" on somebody else's money, haven't you--the fellow that can do big things that turn out to be failures when it isn't his own money that is at stake? And you place those lead-- ers at the head of one of these as-- sociations and you give them ten year contracts and they will cease their efforts and loaf on their jobs." Anrms-rmsrmmxvlmr GATES AINTED-- G. VNIZED-- 10 ft., $7.65 12 25 10 ft, $8.90 12 ft., $9.70 l4fft,' $8.85 m'ftt'.,'g.a 14 ft.s'i%.a 16%':?1,20 PLAIN STEEL DRIVEWAY GATES 10 ft wide, $5.65; 12 ft wide, $6.25; 14 ft wide, $7.25 STEEL POULTRT CATES 48 in. high .......$2.10 60 in. high ... ... .$2.55 2--pt. Hog, ..... 2--pt. Cattle ... 4--pt. Hog, ..... 4--pt. Mr. Swift (Lake)--Senator Barr, I am glad of that question. This contract is in my judgment very un-- economic for any association and an exeoedhfly inefficient method, and why ? will tell you why. You have seen the courageous financier can't Mr. Swift (Lake)--"This bill is better than nothing." Mr. Barr (Will)--"Now won't it succeed much better if men 'can't get out easily than if they can?" Mr. Swift (Lake)--"How's that ?" Mr. Barr (Will)--"Won't the law be more apt to succeed if they are tied up to a contract where they based on justice, the principle that is in use abroad." Mr. Barr (Will)--"You want this law to succeed then ?" prices : Mr. Swift (Lake)--"No, I am for true co--operation. Of course this bill is not my notion of co--operation You are invited to come to our factory for your fence requirements. You can select from our full your talk you were against this prin ciple of co--operation." AMERICAN WIRE FENCE C0. 8 bars, 82 in. high, 12 in. stays.. . .28! 8 bars, 82 in. high 7 in. stays _ . 36%%e 9bm,42imhi§::,1zin-mys D .. iBe 9 bars, 42 in. hig 7in.stays,'...£§/c 10 bars, 50 in. high, 12 in. stays, .. .35%%c 10bam,5oiu§'gh,' 7 in. stays ... 46/c 14 m:r:in.m"mmma bars, 46 in. high, 8 in. stays ... . 4ic 16 bars, 58 in. high, 8 in. stays ... 47%c of _a large list of styles at the "f.o'l'l't.).w-i;; WIRE FENCE leave MEDIUM HEAVY STOCK FENCE PER SPOOL 99 .$3.52 . 8.80 . 4.18 Corner Posts .. ...$3.90 Steel Line Posts .. 30c End Posts .......$2.70 bill that pushes the other laws to one side, that has no regard for them at all. The way this bill came in here and the amendments made thus far show how poorly prepared it was. But, further, it has no regard what-- ever for the statutes of the United States; it has no regard whatever to the rule of the Department® of Agriculture in Washington which controls the stockyards in Chicago. I believe it will be decided to be un-- constitutional. I have no doubt about it, but I am only a farmer and the courts will decide. "The learned senator whose opin-- ion upon the measure was sought by me has not told me what he thought. I wish that he would before this de-- bate is over, say just what he thinks about the measure. However, what-- ure dropped into the center of the law of the state without regard to Illinois procedure, that pushes--a "Ibellev.dthstlwudo&ngtbh bill great good when I introduced this amendment. 1 have done my part to protect the working farmer. W:;lnhm-u&'tu;nkabuth I merely think have done the best I could by taiking frankly about what I consider to be a meas-- Mr. Swift {Lake)--"Perhaps it isn't so, but you know and I know that the tenant farmers of this state are the men with families and grow-- ing children and they have got to get out in the morning and work all day in order to live. When some slick talker comes along they are carried away and they have no more chance against one of these smooth ld!d&onthteom-tothlnm--i no more chance than a child would have to keep from falling into his )arambetererantPhooes k: nio--crigd 4 Will take that back. You ARE smarter." Mr. Kessinger (Kane) -- "He knows it isn't so." Mr. Barr (Will)--"Yes, sir." Mr. Swift (Lake)--"Well, 1 some-- time: think that is so. (Laughter). I years ?~ Mr. Barr (Will)--"What do you mean by mentality ?" Mr. Swift (Lake)--"I mean just how smart and able is he to make a bargain for himself? Will he read all the fine print in a contract ?" Mr. Barr (Will)--"He is ju smart as the owner." Mr. Swift (Lake)--"Is he?" to the farm today. It is not right but perhaps it is the best we can get, and amended I would like to help it. What mentality has your tenant, Mr. Barr, ten years--twelve This bill is the best we have got, I am trying to make it better, and I mccept it as the best that will come Mr. Swift (Lake)--"No, I am not. I know just what | I am talking about very well. I am pointing out the injury to the farmer who makes bacco, a cotton picker with the negro and I say to you that this contract is wrong, economically wrong, and that this nation will never continue its progressive development upon "Now, you ask which side of this bill I am on? You would like to know that, wouldn't you ?" Mr. Barr (Will)--"Yes. You are talking on both sides." er make this contract and his boy and girl are put in the same class as the hired man that is just over from the old country and working by the month. He is only a puller of the old cow's teat, he is but a pusher of peanuts, a hanger up of the leaf *o-- as far towards high position as the limit of their ability. Let the farm APRIL 920 3%5 11. EACH just be held rigorously at | ;;;k--;r; ducing that the association may sell and turn back to him such a part of the sum received as it may choose. '"What a slick scheme for the as-- sociation managers. The wonder to me is that the Illinois Agricultural association of which I am a member, through its high salaried officers many of whom are here supporting this bill, either won't or can't see That the individual farmer, its mem-- bers, are in danger of the worst M AiaAL.corndihedii: >2. out. W\unnmhmyfflnd.nnd u.frhndmwmo.lwmny. 'John.yoummyhfindndlm yonrtrhad,uyouandonybmr dealing with someone else go do it.' What I fear, however, is that 'thenhno!rhndahlphthh-ebcm '%mmtuqvmthnhm tense that the distress of the farm justifies this bill, yet it proceeds to outline a plan of organization of associations which are to make ironclad, unbreakable contracts with producing farmers for a period of years. To me the organizers are the favored ones, without danger of lou.rlghtonflulpottowherin the plums, and the producing farm-- er and his wife and children are wl ever he or any one may say, I think that a man should ,be able to get Stop a Minute! For further information call "Long Distance" who will quote "station--to--station" rates to any point. *"'Station--to--station" calls meet all these situa-- tions nn:ih many others. We suggest that you study your long distance telephone re-- quirements with a view to using this service. The rates for "station-- to--station" calls are about twenty per cent lower than On social calls, particu-- larly home calls, it is often just as satisfactory to talk to any one who may be at In many cases it is not necessary to talk to a par-- ticular person. The busi-- ness can be transacted with some one else, or a message which meets the purposes of the call can be E:'t. This fact, proved by our long experience, has sug-- gested a class of long dis-- tance service, which we call *'station--to--station'" serv-- ice, and which we are able to supply at about twenty per cent less than the or-- din'l'ry, or "' person--to--per-- son'"" service. ON many long distance telephone calls the party wanted is present and therefore reached }I)romptly at the number or location called. Had the call been made by number or by giving the name of the subscriber at whose tele-- phone you expect to reach your party, and with-- out asking for a particular person wanted; that person might have been reached just the same. Long Distance Telephone Calls at Low Rates Contains No Alum--Leaves No Bitter Taste ROYAL ILLINOIS BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY Will the baking powder you use stand this test ? Read the ingredient clause on the label and decide for FEach and every ingredient in Royal Baking Powder is You would not hesitate to use any one of them by itself. wholesome. Made from Cream of Tartar derived from grapes then be understood that you will talk to any onewho answers. The charge be-- gins when the distant tele-- phone is answered. To make a "station--to-- station'"' call, ask the oper-- ator for "long distance" and when "long distance'" answers, give her your name and telephone num-- ber and tell her you wish to makea"station--to--station'" call to--(giving first thedis-- 3:( city or town alr:g )thelr:_ telephone num % you do not know the number give the name and address under which the tderhone probably is listed. 1t will on "'station--to--station'" calls is about one--fourth the day rate. (The mini-- mum reduced rate on these messages is 25 cents). for ""person--to--person'"' calls. During the evening (8:30 P. M. to midnight),l still further reduction is made on "station--to--sta-- tion" calls. From midnight to4:30 A. M. the night rate as his donation. ooo n en s d c aolnd ing mtdse.( two quilting bees and a corn husking were the means by which the money was raised for the purchase of the gift. The richest pewholder paid for the six candle fixtures and the chandeliers while the electrician of the nearest village in:galloq the system free of charge COUNTRY CHURCHES, ToO. n ARE ELECTRIFIED The members of a little country church, wishing to present it with a gift of affection on the anniver-- sary of its founding decided upon a portable electric lignt and power plant. "I fear this bill. I hope vote for my amendment." this is an honest endeavor to help the farmers why this determined stand for these long term contracts without means of cancellation. Mr. Peteet, the smooth organizer from Texas that is to head these associa-- tions at a salary of $12,000 a year, said to me, 'I would rather lose the whole bill than to have the contract with any provision of termination.' smooth organizers who would get them to sign long term contracts. If trimming farmers have ever receiv. cream lodtl;_, thl;ec spell-- of slick, tricky, you will