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fre 8 dsa | @@RD Fort Tconderogacr C WIDtUOI}. 5 mt k For more than a century its crt?mblinc walls, brush and briir covered, lured only the small boys from the neighboring village of the same name.. Tourists and va-- cationists, crowding the Lake Chumfi:in boats, cast only chance, uninterested glances at the bolid promontory, un-- mindful 'of or unacquainted with the romance and glory which once crowned the neglected headland. plis 'Today the walls of the old fort, years before. Fort Vaudreuil is frown again from their eminence.| the name Lotbiniere gives it --the 'The martial spirits of Montcalm,| future Ticonderogsa, "destined," as of young Lord Howe, of My Lord |one--historian writes, "to a terrible Amherst, of Ethan Alien and Of| celgbrity." --Robert Rogers, daring Colonel John Brown hover around| ranger, watches .them in October parapet, barracks and battery.. Out | of that year and reports 2,000 men of 'the heroic past, the shades of | employed. Rogers calls it Ticon-- the Black Watch, the fusileers of | deroga Fort. So do the rest of the His Christian Majesty Louis XV,| English. 'They are not interested the Green Mountain Boys and the| in the name, Vaudreuil, nor the Continental Line deploy before the | later name, 'Carilion, which the sympathetic imaginings of a new.|.French bestow upon it. u4 generation of visitors who no lobg--| -- In two years, the point of land er seek the northern playgrounds | has been surmounted by "the most without a stop at Ticonderoga. . | extensive and magnificent fortress 'The magnificent old ruins, once | in America." Well for the French the most formidable fortress in | that it has, for at the head of--Lake North America, are being restored.| George the British and the. Colo-- Mistake not--no modern structure| Hists are marshalling for the grand with sixteen inch disappea! attack, the center of the vast cam-- guns, bomb ' proofs and -- camou--| Paign by which PRKt, if his . plans T us reuhiorn is medlatls o | _ "On te ho Thd restoration is in faci of| ~ "On _ to Ticonderoga'!'" -- Thus the the original fortifications--as M. de motutr-!ot%::m "On tnthiniere nlanned and Dieskau| to Ticonderoga!" , &A thrilling er seek the northern plmm' without a stop at Ticonderoga. .. { 'The magnificent old ruins, once the most formidable fortress in North America, are being restored. Mistake not--no modern structure with sixteen inch disappearing HISTORIC EVENTS AT TICONDEROGA ns Jurues yoint at Treeqaetons: Ths Testorstion is in Incalatle of the original fortifications as M. de and Montcalm built, as Sir Jeffrey Amherst rebuilt and ;Arthur 8t. Clait strengthened. " ~. Restoration to Endure. °> Liké a set for a photo play of the Revolution it 'Is, save that the petuate for centuries to.comg the Ticonderoga was the key to Canada, or, conversely, the key to the heart of the "King's Colonies in Rebel-- Hon;" when, from the dawn of his-- tory in America, its possession was a coveted goal of every bloody war on this continent. place by storm. % 1777, Oct. . --The British evacuate the fort. #* 1780, June 2--Americans hold position there for a few days. 1780, Oct. . --Carleton seizes the fort for awhile. -- _ --.._. = 1781, -------- -- ~----British occupy fort and hold it untit peace. 1783, ------ ----Washington and Governor Clinton visit the fort. No histqrical or antiquarian so-- clety u"S',m the Ticonderoga that was, to the fation that is. <It is the work of an individual, of Stephen H. P. Peoll, owner of the broad acres upon which it stands, and scion of a family which, for a hundred years, has had its manor house nestling below the historig Mr. Pell's achievement stands uh-- paralleled today, To him and to Afred C. Bossom, New York archi-- tect who worked with him in resur-- rectihg the plans cand ~specifica tions of long ago and supervising the construction a la 1755 569, the nation owes a great debt of grati-- tude. « Ticonderoga of today--but it is not© of Ticonderoga. of today "of which we write; it is of. the Ticon-- deroga of long ago, when . the enmities of three natlions alternat-- ed in making northern New York one of the chief battle--grounds of the American continént. On the west shore of Champlain stands Ticonderoga, just north of the rushing stream which carries the waters of Lake George to its larger neighbor. Cheondraga----"Be-- tween Two Lakes"--was the Indian name for the point. Enter Champlain. '_ Troquois hunting--ground if was-- disputed by other tribes, but Iro-- quois nevertheless--until on, May 20, 1609, there paddles up the lake from Canada a war party of Mon-- tagnais, escorting Samuel do Cham-- plain, splendid adventurer, who, with two other Frenchmen, has agreed to show his allies bhow to overthrow their old enemies. The next day i# is done. The French --arguobus--"devil's spirits," agy the Indlans--mow down the Iroquois who Hea from the point, defeated but never forgetting. The match-- locks of Champlain and hbis men have won a victory, but have enused undying hatred for the KFraench and have made future al Mes for the English yeat to come. i is the preinde to the absorb Ing drama --whose acts are still 147 years in the future. _ Then the curtaf rises on the m" It is 1755 and the 1 . aroe erecting Fort Van dreull on the point of land where UOhamplain « fought thoss many 1609, May 30.--Champlain defeats the Jroquois. 1755, Oct. 9.----French lay foundations of G-'I" 1$758, July 8----Abercrombie's army defeated Montcaim. 1759, July 27--Amherst captures the fort. --~ 1775, May 10--Ethan Alien takes Ticonderoga. & 1776, April 20--Benjamin Franklin visits there en route ORT TICONDEROGA, altar upon which long years ago was sacrificed the gallant blood of three na-- tions, has become a patriotic shrine in American history 'Ticonderoga of Yore. July §--Americans evacuate the fort. A Sept. 18--Col. Brown makes gallant attempt to take the Oct. 14----Remnant of Arnold's fleet reaches fort after his Building the Fort. AN ARTIST'8 PRAWINGQ OF %M'r TICONDEROGA WILL AP-- PEAR WHEN THE A RATION 18 COMPLETED, -- ed outward. This is no jJob of--a day. It is going on when the British sail from the head of Lake George on July 6, and it is con-- tinued frantically until, on the night of July 7, the scouting partioes are back with --reports of the enemy Ilanded and advancing across the two miles of ground separating thi .two lakes. ® But a forerunner of the disas ter to come has already stricken the British forces, Pitt had given the second in command to young Lord Howse, bean ideal of a soldier, beloved of regulars, rang-- ers and Colonial militia, And Howe, "the soul of the British Army," has been shot to death Ih an on-- counter with one of the French scouting partios on Trout Run on the afternoon of the Oth, Rogors, the ranger, and young Israsl Put-- nam, and -- John | Stark, ~Molly Btark's husband from Bennington, with dificulty 'stop a panic"which threatens with his death. Olsagtrous Assauits. Blundering (through the uandor brusk, suffering under the intense heat, the British columas Anally reach their 'positions on the Aight of July T. Abseréromble's post of command is in the old sawmill, as Tof@bodings and <auperstition had told him he .would. H!l;:; hew at the ) force way through at Xo place and amail party, "headed" by Captain John Campbell, leap down among the French to be bayoneted on the 'Theirs is the most desperate as-- sault of the day, <Campbelt,; of In-- go forward. --It will not retreat. Beven oficers and 188 mon give up their lives before the remnant is drawn off, leaving the burial of the dead to the French, And to this day no man has found their graveos. A wild panle --atrikds General James Abercrombie. ~Ha leads the van for Albany, a shameful retrgeat, while, on the promontory at Ticon-- deroga Montcaim otders a review and a grateful To Doum for vietory. Amherst Takes the Fort. An interlude of a year then be-- fore the next act at Tlooonderoga. Fortune has frowned * elnewhere upon French arms and Montcaim has withdrawn northward, loaving a garrison of small numbers under General Bourlamague to bold the fort. Against It womes "Lord Jst-- troy Amhoerst, a soldier ot-- the King," with a torce of some 10,000 proceeds 'to a ~systematic -- siegs which continues for 'a day or #o. On the third day Hebocourt lays a train to the powder magazine and steals > away : with ~all his forces. a;unm«m.mm of his batteau but the rest o# vape, while, with a resounding rte-- port, the blockhouse and part of the walls of Ticonderoga disinte g:u before the gaze of Sir Jef-- y. Rebuiiding Under Way. So, while Wolfe far to the north is pounding at Quebec and looking for reinforcements ftrom the cen-- tral columnh under Amherst, the lat-- ter gentleman sits him dowh round about Ticonderoga &nd proceeds to rebuild the fort "which l,h»ov:"' meet with your approbation," as writes to nu.';ot until October is he ready to start forward and, as the British batteaus move north-- ward on Lake Champlain, Ticon-- déroga drops out of history for six-- teen more yeats. © e 0 C now #et of actors, . The French have gone from Canada, The pro-- vincials, who fought by the British slde in 1769, are: on tha verge of rebellion, . and . "the . ahot . heard round the world at Loxington" has ham, whitth they reach on the night of May 9, 1775, where a farmer boy from Vermont assures them he can lead them undetected to the for-- m;mgmmoflmul-a ars taken across to the New York shore. Just at Aaybreak they reach the wickot gate. .A surprised sen-- tino! anaps his fusse but it misses fAre. Allen, Arnold and the rest are at his heois as ho flees up the steps and into the parade grounds, Another sentinel hore thrusts with lis bayonet, but is qulatad by &A blow from Allen's sword. Mistoris Utterances®. . .. Meanwhils the Green Mountain jontnnmmhflufl' rade ground facing the barracks on alther side and raise a shout. The garrison rushes out in various ton. He bears a commission from the: Massachusetts Assembly and tor awhile the 'two quick--tempered leaders have a row. They. compro-- fillso at last. Allen is to command, but Arnoid<1s--to go by his side. Whereupon the little force, travel-- Ing a wilderness, push on to Shore-- "Come out of here 'this instant, you damned old rat, or I'll sacrifice the whole garrison," are the words a soldier named Rice gives as his version of the story. Audacity of New Englanders > The Continental Congress is a Httle startied then at the audac ity of theso Now Englanders, but um-umnuum-uu Goneral Washington at Boston, and realizing the value of Ticonderoga, proceeds to have it strengthened. Arnold goes off first to the disas-- trous attempt to take Quebec and, on his retreat in 1776, stops at TH conderoga and proceeds to build a fieet to moet his pursuer, Sir Guy perhaps, he & ference there. It is October before Arnold's fieet is ready and the opposing forces meet in action at Valcour Island and a day later near Crown Point,. . Arnolid is defeated but he shatters terribly the victorions fieet, Three of the American gal leyi escape --«th6 Revenge, the TromiBall -- and. -- the -- I"~*erprise, Theao yessels roach the sssiter of Ticonderoga dnd 1wn years later are burned to the wa..."s cdre and sunk. Today, sixty yards off Alte point of the old ~whart at Ticon deroga may be soon the snbmerged hulks .of the Trumbull and Bater-- priso, while tho Revenge, lifted Carleton.. 'To Ticonderoga comes Benjamin Wrankliin on April 20, 1776, bound northward to investi-- gate the disaster in C.udl; and, and Arnold hold com-- lebrity bodily from its resting place after 134 years under water, rests in tri-- umph upon the shore in the shelter Forward--John Burgoyne. But: to 'return to 1776. ~Carleton follows up his victory by march-- Ing toward Ticonderoga where,, aft-- ter looking upon "the countenance of the enemy," he wisely decides to return forthwith to Canada. He leaves the job of advancing iuto the heart of the rebellious colonies Burgoyne, Kaquire, Lieutegant--Gen-- eral of His--Majesty's forees in America, Colonst of the Queen's Regiment of Light Dragoons, Gov-- ernour of Fort William 4n-- North Britain, one of the Commons of Great® Britain in Parliament, and commander of an--army and feet employed on an expedition from All through the apring and--early summer -- of 1777 Major General Phuilip Schuyler, commanding the Northern Department, has been preparing to receive the British in-- vasion. At Ticonderoga he places Brigadier General Arthur 8t. Clalr with 2500 Continental Troops and 900 militia and, at a council held Juns 20, which Schuyler attends, it is concluded that the garrison is in-- aufficient, Q&'nuiu are badly 'needed, and that a long resistance is impracticable at that point. Evacuation and Retreat. . Burgoyne's redcoats are facing Ticonderoga by July 1 and 8t. Clair is prepared for resisting a frontal attack, but Ke has falled to fortify Mount Defance and British guns are drawn stealthily to its summit so that dawn of July 5 finds the garrison at Ticonderoga not only under observation of the enemy but being deluged by enfilading HSre, That night, for it cannot be done by day, St. Clair evacuates the fort, by 'way-- ofa pontoon bridge actoss : to 'the <~Vermont shore, but a house in the old ¥French village catches fre and dis closes his maneuver, : Burgoyne is gagements. are fought on up the of the loss of Ticonderoga.. Schuy-- ler and. St. Clair ~are relieved of their communds and ordered before a court martial. -- Later they are to justify themselyes and be honor-- ably acquitted." But the fal} of THF conderoga serves its purpose; it arouses the fighting spirit through-- out New England and the northern states to fexer pitch. No longer is the Northern Department lacking men. Volunteers pour into eamp by A wavre. of --resentment John Adams to James 'Warren on August 1 of that year, "to see such a spirit arise upon the loss of Ti." Gallant John Brown. ~n Plans are laid to recapture Ti-- conderoga, even in the face of Bar-- goynoe's advancé and Colonel John Brown, of Massachusetts, slips around the left flank of the red-- coats and, on the morning of Sep-- tember 16, makes a sudden and general attack upon--~the fort and its supporting works. He captures and sinks all the British shipping. He takes four companies of the 53rdregiment, Aand he sweeps ov-- erything before him as far as the walls of the fort. Then he, too, drags cannon up Mt. Deflance.. A demand to surrender brings a' vig~ grous refusal from General Powell, commanding the beleaguered gar-- rison. . There is no time for siego operations and Colonel Brown re-- Aluctantly gives over his attempt. _ Meanwhile Burgoyne® with the bmy which "must not retreat" is slowly stagnating in middle New tzes that he cannot hold Ticondar-- oga and evacuates it at once. ~But the Americans do not reoceupy it It has become "no--man's land," ' & 2# _A <ak s .& New York, visit tha histaric apot, and then the curtain drops for the century and more of negleoct and York, where, after Saratoga, he sur-- renders, and General !'_o'_v_gn real-- both sides boing afraid of its ad-- vanced and unsupported position. Until Peage Came, Finally, in October, 1780, Major Carleton, of the British Army,--0¢ cupies Ticonderoga in the course of an expedition up Lake. George, In 1781, the occupation is made permanent. From then until peace time the British hold Ticonderoga, but they do no damage from it because during the entire perlod Liontenant General Haldimabd is being hoodwinked by the Vermont-- ers who arae conducting negotia tions with him, one~ of the re-- quisites of their negotiations being that the BHitish shall observée aA trace in northern New York and Vermont. ~WWimely, 'Indood, is the rostora tion of today. -- Ticonderoga, .Of "tarrible celabrity," the nation en-- Then comes the recognition .of Independence by thea beaten Eng-- lish and the last of the redcoats Ale northward out --of TlconderogK® torever. .In 1785 General Wash-- Ington and 'Governor Clinton, of ashfines you, "I rejoice," writes