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THE COLBORNE EXPRESS, COLBORNE] ONT., THURSDAY, AUGUST 2, 1928. The White Father |£ Pays His Indians 2 ' tents. It would be I thinks, though the agent's clerk, o is also a constable who is never led upon to make an arrest, says: int it, Peter." "Treaty Day" Means a Cash! p «=a g ~ ^ Bonus, Rejoicing and a ma8enta-colored shawl, a light blue PoW-WOW for the Braves, dress and wears mooseskin moccasins, and Their Families up at ^^^^^ ily and she is all alone in the world. Nancy has attended forty-eight of the Lost Lake. KINDLY TREATMENT By JOHN FRANCIS ARIZA In the New York Times Magazine It took two suns to pay the treaty money at Frenchman's Head, on an arm of Lost Lake, Northern Ontario, this year. And when it was over-- story-telling by the old men, the visiting, the courting, the feasting that muskrat! kept up day and night, and the games then. An fifty-six treaty days oue in the Northwest Angle, the-Woods, in 1873. Except for ten traps, Nancy "co-wain" (no) to all the qi Hv. picks blueberr tches te people?" i, she fishes, son, makes .inks and 3 youths played--the various bauds to trap a little. And if the old on gathered up their belongings, pulled are destitute in the fall we give them down their tents, and"paddled away flour, pork and tea. We send th< in their canoes or "motored" in gaso to their chief and he gives them to line boats to the far reaches of the them as required, t waters that form the sole highways waste or improvidenc of this pleasant land of the Ojibways. nish them free med: All Indians are picturesque and col- tor's services if there are no band orful, the Ojibway most of all. And funds." whether at Grassy Narrows, down on; * * * * the Lake-of-theWoods, up in the Peace 1 There is some irregularity in Jim River country, far down the majestic Two Foxes's marriage to the widow MacKenzie, or among the peaks of the of a Cree from "up North." It takes Rockies, there is no more romantic,1 an hour and a half to straighten it beautiful spot for Treaty Day than ' out and determine where the children Frenchman's Head. Once, long ago,' of two different faiths shall attend tradition has it, Indians put a French school. The Anglican Canon, himself coureur des bois to death there after . half Ojibway, there to watch after the intolerable persecution at his hands interests of his people, is called into and left his head hanging on a pole ' consultation. Over and over and again as a warning. I the agent, through his interpreter, a The site is a muskoday, or meadow, breed, explains the nature of an oath covering perhaps four acres at the tip ! to the Indian. of a point extending into Lost Lake j "Why does this white man want In the background begins the dark, me to kiss a book?" is written on forest, and up the lake, half a mile, | the red man's impassive features. "I which resembles a wide river at this don't lie. Only bad white men tell point, a tiny wooded island stands like lies. " i sentinel guarding the way north, where the voyageurs and "black robes" of old traveled toward Hudson Bay and the modern voyageurs and argonauts speed in airplanes or power boats to the Red Lake gold fields. An ancient, narrow trail--a foot wide and in many places a foot deep --extends across the Frenchman' Head treaty grounds, the pathway of Indians to the shore of Lost Lake for untold generations. On the north end of the tent-covered meadow, a few feet from this ancient trail on a high embankment back from the lake twenty yards, the Indian agent for the Dominion Government, Captain Frank Edwards, and his assistants pitched their tent. With the British flag flown to the breeze, Treaty Day pay- Ojibway Indian depositors. If whites, negroes or any of the other races with white man's ways were to be given money for the mere asking, they would have been lined up like The agent never loses his patiem The picture of the mother trying induce the ailing child to take the spoonful of medicine comes to mind. Finally, Jim Two Foxes yields, raises his right hand, puts the book to his lips and gives it a sounding smack. "A white .man always LADY NELSON FIRST OF NEW FLEET Sunday School Lesson ture with themseleves, proceeds to give an a< to the capacity of this ] It v quib ugust 5. Lesson VI--f Pagan Country, Acts Golden Text--I know bo be abased, and I kno\ abound.--Phil. 4: 12. which he had delivered to the-Jews at Antioch, and shows how Paul suited his words to the understanding-of his hearers. Three great religious ---- | principles are mentioned which would in a be within the understanding of these 8-20. people: (1) He reminds them that God ANALYSIS.^ 11. THE MIRACLE AT LYSTRA, 8-13. ill. THE DISMAY OF THE APOSTLES, 14-20. Thus : ■ diffi- -- under Construction for the Canadian National Steamships for services between Canadian Atlantic ports, tho West Indies and Bri sh Gui -a, and B srrauua, tl j Bahamas and Jamaica. The first of t I b" t "Lady Nelson" and will be ready to inaugurate the service at the closa of this year. These, steamers will engage in the passenger, cargo and mail service, offering superior accommodation for tourists and travellers and ample provision for. the carriage of general freight and refrigerator, goods. The steamers will be 438 feet over all, 59 feet 3 inches extreme Breadth, maximum draught 24 feet, gross tonnage 7650 tons and a service speed of 14 knots. They will be operated by the Canadian National Steamships in connection with the trade agreement made by the Canadian Government and the Governments of the Island.*. The hulls will be painted white, with red boot topping, and the funnel in ttu-ee bands of red, white and blue. or more to reach Frenchman's Head sides, it c: for their treaty money. Few Indians j for the C are willing to miss this greatest of [ With b all days in the Indian calendar. It is j receive t; Christmas, Thanksgiving, Fourth of I ends befr July and Mardi Gras all in one to sun. The them. You cannot get cocoanuts, agent. H bananas.baker's bread, chewing gum, j any shorti candy, ketchup, readymade cigarettes dencies th and fancy cakes in the forests. Be- their trea cause bad white men had smuggled whisky into other treaty grounds, no soft drink of any description can be purchased. It would be easy to disguise whisky as soft drink, the Government has found. ny of the erjiment allows them shoot the year round, speaks, though it if tor of heaven and eai that he still lives and takes ai control over the world these pagans have not k God, but now he is be; them. (2) Paul then s culty which must always occur to one i who carries the gospel to the pagans. Introduction -- Eighty-five miles ■ Why was God so long in bringing least from Antioch was Iconium, a city. them this true light? The only answer jof Pro-German sympathies, which was which the apostle gives is that it seem-;the next centre of mission work. Paul ed wise for God to permit these na-I begins preaching, as usual, in the tives to walk in their own ways. (3) Synagogue, and with such excellent, Yet all through these years God did results that many Jews and Greeks j not • leave himself without witness believe. However, the Jewish author- j in that he sent them sunshine and' ities were not convinced and tried to .rain and fruitful seasons. It was a arouse opposition. The Christian mis-' simple statement fitted for people-sion continues for some time, perhaps i whose religious education was very several months, till the whole city is backward. moved by this new preaching, and the ! Tne sequel to this shows us how citizens are divided into two parties.: fickle were these Galatians. For a The Jews seek to arouse th" enmity of .time Paul and Barnabas continued to the local magistrates, and when the ! preach to these people, and with suc-Christians learn of the impending at- cess, as we know from the fact that tack, Paul and Barnabas depart from Timothy was among the converts, one the city, intending to return when the who did so much for the church in disturbance has; subsided sufficiently, after years. But ere long enemies They now pass iito a district much from Antioch and Iconium came and less thickly populated, and where the sowed seeds of discord and the crowd people were more promitive in their which "a short time before had fallen habits. The region around is evan- down to worship these preachers now gelized, probably'by natives, who bad take up stones to kill them, and Paul joined the ranks of the apostles; and is dragged out of the city as one dead, foundations are laid for small Chris-! From Lystra they go to Derbe, a tian communities. i frontier town fifty miles away. Here I. the miracle at lystra, 8-13. ^ey have no unusual experience, and . _ , ' ., ,. , !after a short visit th?. .<:•<•! .<» to leave. V. 8. Lystra was a town ol the hign- They (.ould haw ,un, back by the - --iportanl'■•oir.mer- ;li?;!l,vay that led from Derbe to Tar-lnH'sus through the Cilician Gate, a dis-, tance of one hundred miles, but they ili'J.vJ felt it necessary to confirm the faith of these converts, and in spite of the "anger, they return by the same route by which they came, organizing the ! cial and military outpost. ■ • population consisted of Roman s . and natives who made u > onian speech. Among the beggar ^ ! who sat, probably near the local!, ' temple, was a poor cripple who, i They must 'etran «d "V"! ?f the j""*?8"1?*?'! churches"V^Vporntinglfders'-And had. already, taken an interest m the eo they get back to Antioch in Syria. campfire another o the agent it isn't ti Only thu that the the c 3 of a e when he makes an oath, says in a relieved way. "1 e the man is put in jail, indirectly does he imply would apply fans at a world's series ticket window. But not the Ojibway. He is proud, unhurried and retiring. "Come on, your treaty money ready!" announces, a full-blooded In-dianpoliceman in dark blue uniform and brass buttons. He speaks in the Ojibway tongue, and his words soft and musical. A few of the eral hundred Indians leave their campfires, babbling among themselves, and saunter up the trail to the treaty tent. It is a contest, really, to see who will be last. They gather in front of the tent--perhaps half a dozen of them--and stand silently, except for a monosyllable in undertone now and then. The Indian policeman selects one of them, and he steps up to the Captain's table and presents a square red card. It bears his name, his band and other data. "Peter Dawn the Day," says the interpreter. But Peter can speak English, and the interpreter rests for the moment. Peter has a wife who cannot speak English, he tells the agent after a pause. "And how many children?" asks the agent pleasantly, as unhurriedly as any Indian. He has avquired the Indian's ways after years among them, though with white men he is alert, brisk and energetic. Peter hesitates. "Five," he sn revealing firm, large teeth. He t "How are you, Joseph?" the agent greets Joseph Sapay. Many of the Indians in the Frenchmen's Head district worked agent at one time or another when trading post on Lac ., and Treaty Day is a joyful occa sion for the tribesmen. "Where i: your white brother Tom?" he con tinues. "Tom got job with Hudson's Bay Company 'up North,'" the Indian plies. Tom has missed four treaties. "Give him my regards when you see him," says the agent, as Joseph walk away smiling and happy. He is proud to have this white mat friendly. If Tom Sapay misses another treaty he will have some difficulty collecting the five annuities. "We always let them have it," the agent remarks, "but it takes a little "time." Under, the heading "Religion" in the agent's book there are a surpris-in? number marked "pagan." In some of the districts the Indians are mostly Roman Catholics, while in others they belong to the Anglican faith. But whether they belong to one or the other or none at all, the Canadian Government is scrupulous-careful to respect the Indians' belief. "Canada emulates the mother country," says the Canon. "Britain never blunders when it comes to a man's faith, and she has a thousand races and religions under her flag." There is pride and love of country in the Canon's tone and manner. "Brit-itsh fairness!" he adds, with emphasis. Suddenly there is a hubbub and a murmuring among the Indians and the first quick move of the day occurs : as swift-footed Indian youths race for I the shore of the lake. One of the only two white men attending the i clerk | treaty, a young trapper from Ogoki country, has fallen into the water while testing a motor he has relet s see, now," j paired for an Indian friend. The in-little tricks of; terpreter and the policeman rush ntly. There is; down to help alg0> and treaty pay. it 8 m India^S | ments stop until tney return-l e man never ^ A dozen canoes are out on the lake in half a minute. But they may as well try to save an otter or a beaver. The trapper swims ashore and there is much rejoicing. "Not 10 per cent, of these Indians up here can swim," says a member of the staff, as the excitement dies down. "That's why they are such dependable canoe men. They won't go where there is real danger. An Indian will shove off into roaring waters where a white man would hesitate, though the latter is an ext pert swimmer, while the Indian cannot swim a stroke. But he knows what he can do in his canoe and ho invariably does it. A strange Indian from the Cree country presents hi" card at the agents table. None of the chiefs or councillors know him. But his card is regular. He is given only $4 he-ise of treaty regulations in effect his district. He came down with to Peter--$5 treaty furs after "the break-up" in May and :i member of his family, is going back to his band. He travel-takes it gravely and ed 400 miles and made fifty-two port-He does not intend to ages, several of them two miles long. Slg ' 11110 ■ he gets down among Some of the tribesmen spent $15 S°od «'°rk. remember their n: bo "let me think" c from him. He has speech. He stands profound mystery black eyes that a white man : can penetrate. "Lucy--Billy--Johnny--Davld---Mary," Peter finally With his hand he measures each child's height in the graphic manner peculiar to the red man. There were no deaths since last treaty day and no sickness of any account. David Dawn of Day had measles last September and Billy was sick, too. But Peter, the father, doesn't know what ailed him. Peter owns his home. Likewise a canoe and a gas engine, two guns, a fish net, sixty-seven traps and two tents. Last; year he raised fifteen bushels of pota-! toes, but no other roots, such as turnips or carrots. Three of his children speak English. They attend thei Anglican school. "Good for you, Peter; give your, children an education," says the agent' Even as he Jewish religion, being a proselyte, midsummer, | V. 9. Heard Paul. The cripple was ____cooking over greatly attracted by the new preach- n the treaty grounds, for ing, and as Paul spoke so wonderfully „ a staple article of diet among of the power of Jesus, he doubtless the Indians of Northern Ontario. |'ett that it was the very kind of sal The agent encourages the Indians^- w^^^>™^ And old man Billy Sky ,n ">eir efforts to become loyal, useful forth pau] seei the faitn waa start. ell wonderful stories. He «ubJetts of their King. He discusses ing decided that thi But there are other good things for sale and plenty of money to pay for thi a hundred lliey' say I farm'w methods, sanitation, educa- which he should use his special power A story of the old days that always j "on ^ what the Government is do- of healing. The Salvation of Christ • ,,, . .hil.hfn is 'he one nhniit inS at its Indian schools for their is meant to include eventually the body amuses me is .n. one about , j , fl tri, en as well as the soul. Paul commands the young brave that scalped a ^ld-- ^l^.^" »™ tfte t"~8™" him to stand up, and he immediately headed man and of how the other, a^e impioving. iney aie reminded Indians twitted him ever afterward ,of the rosPect and regar(l the whlte j V U. The gods are come down. The man holds f or them, praised for their ,e are fil]ed with amazement, and increasing thrift and the growing rush lr, the conclusion that these must number that have savings bank ac- be heavenly visitors. Their explanation is a little more intelligible about it. young br Toward sundown ■joke" approaching coulUs i ends treaty ceremonies | Then the Indian agent bids them consider that there famous The Union Jack isi lower-(Iarewell wntU npx', y^y. 'awl expresses Greek myth connected with this very sJecUvethL^lanTarrstorm ^.Ejfc8 wish'tllat a!1 those nrescnt wil1 De ^^iJ^^S v-T^-^E-Sft" suddenly, furiously, with wind, lij ning and a torrent of rain. While the j approval. squaws and children, unafraid, recline ■ and rrreaty Day and children, un; blankets inside, Indi youths hurriedly tie loose ropes, set tent pegs and make things safe and comfortable for their families before they themselves seek shelter. i The warlike Sioux used to call the Ojibways "rabbits," and taunted them, saying, "go home and put on your squaws' dresses." But they are chival- i gentle, and stealing among : Canada's 20,000 Ojibways is almost! unknown. A part of an Ojibway's treaty money always is given to his ! children. After the shower and before the i darkness settled, campfires were light-j ed and feasting resumed. Old men i walked about from fire to fire visiting, i few young men "had talk" with j fathers of pretty squaws. If the i father was satisfied, the young couple j married then and there without fur- j ther ceremony than "I will follow >u, my husband." It is recognized as legal by the Government, and sometimes at the next treaty day a Christian marriage ceremony is performed along with a christening. The Government is trying, tactfully, to break up this custom. It wants all marriages performed by priests or ministers. The formality iage ceremony is good for; the Indian, who loves ritual and the ilemnity of religious service. Be- "They compatibility didn't they: never would get angry account of in try a- „... for food and shelter from the rich and I great, till at last they found it in the humble house of Philemon and Bancis. (These unsophisticated and superstitious natives of Lystra think that this old story is being repeated, and they identify Barnabas with Jupiter or { Zeus and Paul with Mercury or Hermes, the^eloquent messenger of the ■ gods. All the time they carried on ■ their conversation in the native dialect, so that the apostles were ignorant | of the strange situation which they j had brought about. V. 13. The city had a temple dedicated to the worship of Jupiter, out-jside the walls. The priest, who was •an important personage, was told of the occurrence and he proceeded to prepare a fitting sacrifice. He hurries off to get the sacrificial bull decked with garlands, and proceeds in a solemn procession to enter the gates of the temple to offer this tribute of worship to these men. II. THE DISMAY OF THE APOSTLES, 14-20. V. 14. Rent their garments. When the - postles learn of what has hap-pened they are filled with dismay, and rend their garments as a sign that they regard this as an act of blasphemy.' Read the story concerning the high priest at the trial of Jesus, Matt. 26: 65. | V. 15. They address the multitude i in the Greelt tongue which would be I familiar to most of the inhabitants. I All commercial and public transactions were conducted in that language. ,They assure the simple folk that they i are only men in like passions or na- relate to a deeply interested church the great things which God has done through them, and how he opened the door for the Gentiles. Furnishing Garden for Comfort These Are the Boys We Welcome With Open Arms We need them. A garden, no matter how beautiful it may be, cannot be fully apreoiated or enjoyed unless one can sit there in comfort and actually live in it. If the garden is situated close to the rear of the house, as it should be, and with a door opening directly into it from the living or dining room, it may be made to serve as a summer living room, a charming place for breakfast or luncheon, and a cool place in which housewife may .pcifcrm namer small tasks in such cemfort as to make their doing something akin to If one is planning to use the garden as an added summer room, one must consider carefully the subject of furnishing it properly. The needs will be, of course, comfortable chairs, a table cr two, and in way of ornament, there might be a sundial or gazing-globe. The garden furniture must be sturdy, weatherproof and essentially comfortable and decorative. Furniture of rustic cedar or white birch construction is inexpensive and may be made comfortable by the use of cushions covered, of course, with oil cloth or some other waterproofed material. Deck chairs, with painted wood frames and seats of colorful canvas make excellent garden chairs. The garden furniture should net be scattered aimlessly about the garden, but rather placed in groups in a se-cluued, shaded spot. The sundial will add greatly to the interest of the garden. In the small, sermformal gardens so popular today, the sundial is not infreuently used as the central figure. There are great varieties of sundials to be had, and some are easily made at home otf wood or sheet tin mounted on upturned logs, marked with paint. English ivy or low-growing deciduous vines are often planted about the base of the pedestal of the sundial, and have a softening eect T,he gazing-globe affords beautiful pictures, providing the globe is situated in a garden overflowing with bloom. Not the least important of the garden accessories is the bird-bath. To have birds about the garden is desirable, not only for their song, but also for their freely given help through their eating insects. Bird-baths may be bought in various designs, ranging in price from less than $5 to many hundreds of dollars. A very simple but effective bird-bath may be made at home. It consists merely of a shapely kg, about 10 inches in diameter, topped by an old?-fashicned earthenware pie dish. 10 to 12 inches in diameter and four to five inches deep. No other dish than an earthenware one should be used. The heat of a metal pan would keep the water tepid, which is not at all refreshing to the users of the bath. A word might be said as to the situation of the bath. For the safety of the birds, it should be placed near a small tree. It is best to have1 no thick plants within five feet of the bath. Dense foliage at the base of the bath would serve only teo well as an ambush for cats. Very fine reproductions of the old bird-bath found in famous Italian and French gardens may be had in white ■ts of the country, are given an in- cement at a reasonable price. These st to themselves. God Speed the are> however, hardly in keeping with [a small, informal garden. TO CA