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THE COLBORNE EXPRESS, COLBORNE, Women and the Future Empire How Youth Views the Future Vote Extended to All Women of 21 Conjures New-Conditions As Seen in London "Time and Tide" PRIZE ESSAY (Time and Tide, (London) reproduces } pected to this essay on "The Vote and Foreign | when we Affairs" by a student of McGill Uni-. home, versity, written for a recent competl- The aim of foreign affairs should be j tion open to women under 30, held by , to maintain Peace without any reserv- j The Women's International League, ations. The way to ensure this Peace j of England.) I is to break down Nationalism and to j ' ', _ , „ „ 'build up Inter-nationalism. At pre-; On the leaflet announcing this com- wantg peace but | petition it is asked how the young ^ hef .R ch(na , of Great Britain are going to ; ^ peace but -L Imust protect her interests in Nicara-Whether ' S113' France and Germany want Peace 'o may be but--the Rhine zon6' Every natl°n : hflfl Ha "huts " flt themselves for the vote, no question of young wm themselves for the vote. 3 fit to has its "buts." What is the caus8 of these "buts?" Nationalism. Un-; til every man and woman realizes that they are citizens of the world and that Great Britain, United States, France and Germany, etc., are mere ~.„^„^» geographical terms there will always Young Women. Tne mere giving of °^ thpsf, <.b the vote will certainly not gi' responsibility at all to women under thirty. The vote gives up political equality, but only as we acquire absolute equality in the world will w have no responsibility in foreign af- j ij'"' fairs. Give us equality and we will work up peace; but do not try to sidetrack us on to peace before giving up absolute equality. questioned, but the line between those who are and those who no way connected with sex. The leaflet also states that "the great j questions of international peace be the responsibility in part of ; be these "buts." Is not the fallacy . of Nationalism obvious when every ; nation thinks itself the best, and the mere accident of birth determines which nation one is to support? At ! present everyone puts their country i enjoys standing up for I their National Anthem, saluting their I national flag ,and boasts of his or hei I patriotism Nationalism is at the bottom of war'. Take away all na-Foreign affairs as they are at pre- tional anthems, patdiotic songs and sent managed, unlike home affairs emblems and then try to are not settled by the elections, they ■ army. These things may need quick decided action, they can-\ 0 nthe surface, and economic causes not wait for general elections to ob- at the root of the troubles but these tain the opinion of the people. The ' would disappear with Nationalism, most the elections do is to put a When no one belonged to a nation party in power with its policy, but but to a World, who would home not foreign affairs are always whether one part of the world ^ad strossed at election Sime and the the trade. The best goods would be average voter knows far too little sought, not "British" just because about foreign affairs to predict they were British. This desire for European crises. That is one reason the best would be the consumi why we will not have any responsibil- stimulant to good trade instead of ity. To anyone who doubts this, I tionalism and the desire to help his say. 'What effect did the reform acts country. This nationalism of 1S32, 1867, 1884 and 1918 have on removed by the use of the vote and fore if;n affairs? Women under thirty until women are able to enter all are neither superior nor inferior in- walks of life on equal terms with men dividuals that our vote would have it will re any effect upon foreign affairs. A be basei more important reason is this. Who tween thi occupy all the important positions in it is t the Foreign Office?--men--who are voters w in the Cabinet?--men--who in fact about thi are responsible for the whole foreign foreign affairs, and not try to better policy and affairs of the Country?-- foreign affairs and forget about the men. No wonder that peace has not position of their sex. A strong and been maintained. For why should one active organization should be form-half of the world manage its affairs? ed to see that women use their votes That women are just as intelligent as to bring about complete political, men has been proved both by psycho- economic, industrial, and social SHIP ON WHICH EIGHT STOWAWAYS MADE TROUBLE OFF CEYLON COAST The liner Jervis Bay, which-gave the world a thrill by its wireless message announcing trouble desperate stowaways, arrives at Southampton. be hoped that the new I use their votes to bring i equality and thus better it only requires a little thought to we better foreign affairs, for thei realize that women inherit from their will be able to rise above this 1 parents as well as men. and yet for national pride and be citizens of the centuries men have been considered world. A better prize for this e superior to women. This has result- than a week abroad studying foreign ed in unintelligent men striving to affairs would be a week at home govern intelligent women and intel- studying the reasons why women get ligent women striving to fit them- unequal pay for equal work, unequal selves to unintelligent men with the promotion and unequal chances all result that many homes are full of along the line The League of Na- misery and discord. What wonder tions itself, which hopes to make that nations who cannot keep strife peace, discriminates against women, fro mtheir homes fail to keep it from men are given better positions with . their foreign affairs. ' better chances of promotion, and Remove strife from the home and merely because they are men, not on won will remove it from the world, account of their ability. The League As long as men and women are oc- also favors the so-called "protection" cupied by unhappiness and troubles of women workers that puts thou- in the home there will be unhappiness sands of women out of jobs and is and troubles in the world. Remove really protection for men against these troubles by removing the econo- feminine competition. How can a Lea- mically dependent state of women gue which has suoh weaknesses and and both men and women will have cowardice at its very centre expect time to turn their attention to wider to be just and true enough to keep ppheres. Women can hardly be ex- International Peace? What Our Successors Will Think of Us Our Advanced Civilization Will, Thinks Sir J. H. Jeans in the London Observer, Be But the Dawn TIME IS RELATIVE (The following is but the conclusion of a very striking article by i course, do this. The stars are incomparably nearer than we are to extracting a ton of radiation from a ton of matter, and Nature leaves but little ash and cinder behind, yet the sun ls not likely to destroy itself utterly to its last ton. Neither can it maintain its radiation continuously at its present rate. Each year that passes sees a reduction in the sun's weight, and quite apart from theory or explana-1 Northern Settles Read tion, direct observation leaves no Classics doubt that there is a distinct gap be-1 Toronto.--Residents in the scatter-tween the sizes of the "white dwarfs" j ed settlements of Northern Ontario and of other stars, such as our sun. have a predilection for constitutional Now our sun is so very near to the history, applied science and the class-edge of this gap that we cannot dis- \cs to a surprising extent according regard the possibility of its starting to the teachers in charge of the Onto jump the gap and contract to a tario Government school and library "white dwarf" at some astronomic- railway cars that operate in that part this reduces Its radiating capacity, j ally not very remote time And radi- 0f the country. Incidentally it also weakens its gravi- ation is almost completely inhibited The two cars that have been travel-tational hold on the planets, so that j in the white-dwarf state, no white nng in Northern Ontario for about their orbits continually enlarge; the (dwarf being known which emits as two years have proven so popular that earth, for instance, is receding from j much as a three-hundredth part of three more cars are to be put Into the sun at the rate of about a yard 1 the sun's radiation If the sun be- service in September, per century. Thus each year is a ! comes a white dwarf, the earth will j The libraries in the two cars began shade longer and a shade colder than be gripped in a worse than icy cold- with 300 books in each, among which its predecessor. j ness, such as no life can hope to sur-! were some of the more popular works The changes are so slight that, if'vlve- The transition to this state,1 of fiction. It was soon found that the course of events continues as at! although abrupt from the astron- the principal demand was for histories, present, the cumulative' changes of °mical point of view, would occupy biographies, the best works on applied the nex-t 1,000,000 million years will many millions of years, and the first science, etc., and the Ontario Govern-not produce conditions very different 100.000 generations of men might ment is augmenting the libraries with from those of to-day. Of each pound, wel1 notice no change at all; thus the standard books on the now in the sun only fifteen ounces ! we cannot be certain that the transi- the settlers evidently prefer, will remain the year will be some ten ' tIon is not already in progress. But | These cars stop at different points per cent longer than now and the' astronomical time moves so exceed- along the-National Transcontinental earth's climate perhaps 20'to 30 de-1 'ngly slowly that, merely as a matter line running from Cochrane, Ontario, grees colder, but life on earth ought! of probability, It is very unlikely that to Winnipeg, where there are no illion the event is happening now cr that schools, and give the rudiments of Magnetic Waves Lure Steamers On To Shoals? Port Arthur.--The chart of the vicinity where the steamer Huronic went aground on a reef at Lucille Island recently shows there is a magnetic disturbance in that locality, likely to interfere with a ship's compass. It is reported that the steamer Mlnch, bound for Port Arthur, Just grazed the Lucille Island reef not long ago, but sustained no damage. The steamer Saskatoon ran on the Rock of Ages late in May, while on her way to Duluth. It is said that in both instances, the compass direction was true to the regular charted course. On June 7, the passenger steamer America of the Dominion Transportation Co. ran on a reef at Washington Harbor, a harbor it had navigated for more than a quarter of a century. The America sank after the passengers and crew had been taken off. still to be possible 1,000,000 : years from now. But will the course of events continue as at present? The sun probably came into being some 7,000,000 or 8,000,000 million years ago, as a globe of very tenuous gas set free from a spinning nebula. Its size and weight would be many times greater than ■ill happen within the next million j education to the children of settlers years. A rotten tree may fall at any , w-ho live in districts remote from per-minute, but it is unlikely to fall with- j manent schools and also loan books in the next two or three minutes, to both children and adults. The ven-pimply because a tree lives many thou- ture has proved a very encouraging sands of minutes after it has become , success, rotten. --->>-- Thu although the possibility of i Canada's Population now, and its radiation many times early destruction is suspended, like J Estimated 9,658,000 fiercer. Its., intervening history has j the sword of Damoceles, over all ter- j Ottawa.--Canada's population is -!U'° "jjy ng away of ITiniv. i:>!.I:iir gi^ryTriW^Bfe! This contraction has prob- j human habitatio ,000, an increase of 13 the estimate for last year, different provinces lation are: illion million ably not been continuous or steady; years hence. Whether our posterity it has more likely been spasmodic or will inhabit it rests with us and them, jerky, since the observed stars do not : Man may exterminate himself in form a continuous steady sequence, 1 some folly of war or, neglecting the P Edward Isl but rather tend to form patches of ' armory of science, may be extermin-, Nova Scotia "" 543000 distinct sizes. There are "giant" stars j ated by some other order of life. But j Nevv Brunswick 1" 41L0OO [gury from the portends in the QueDec . . 2 604 000 of I sky is that, man is free to remain j Ontario .................... 34871000 >r some million Manitoba ................ 601,000 After some 1 Saskatchewan ........ 836,000 ,----- -------- t will close British Columbia.... 575,000 larger than our earth, whose sub- ! m> and life must vanish from stance is so closely packed that a j Terrestrial civilization, with a mere N w hundred tons would hardly fill a to- j ten thousand years behind it, and ! Canada bacco-pouch. | probably a hundred million times this 1 For the of popu- 17,000 415,0( large that millions of sun could be packed inside them, there are normal "dwarfs" master of his fati of about the size of our sun, and there ' million "white dwarfs" hardly , Bucn period eternal night will close British ■ earth, whose sub- ! in, and life must vanish from earth, j Yukon................. 3,470 9,050 9,519,000 9,658,000 When the last Dominion census was This variety of sizes may probably, length of life stretching out before it, j taken in 1921> the population was comas I have suggested, be traced in the would seem to be at the very begin-' puted at 8,788,000. The increase in last resort to the different sizes of ning of its existence. Far-off future 1 the last seven yearSi therefore, stellar atoms. Inside the "white aSes, looking down this immense amounts, according to the estimate, to dwarfs" the heat is so intense that vista of time from the other end, will J 870,000, or an average of 124,000 per 1,647,000 6S5,ooO r,s;-;.ooo 9,200 •ings'c khich i atmospheric oxygen. As a consequence of its weight light produces a definite impact when it falls on and illuminates a surface; a man could he knocked down by a sufficiently strong as surely as by a cannon ball, mpact of light makes it possible asure the weight of light, just ; might estimate the weight of ball from the impact with lit a target. It would, of course, be necessary to know the speed of the cannon ball, but the speed of light. 186,000 miles a second, is accurately known, elusion Each square inch of the sun's sur-recog- face emits as much light and heat nized authority.) j as a fifty horsepower searchlight, and In 1604, a star in the constellation this amount of light and heat carries Serpentarius flared up to many times away weight at the rate of an ounce its original brightness. Transitory in 2,000 years. This seems small meteors and comets had long been enough, but when we multiply it by familiar objects, but this apparition, the total number of square inches in as Galileo showed, was so remote as the sun's surface, we find that weight to- belong to that outermost region of is pouring out of the sun in the form fixed stars in which everything had of radiation at the rate of about 4,-1 hitherto been regarded as eternal and 000,000 tons a second--roughly, 150 ■ immutable. Thus Galileo established times the rate at which weight is pour-1 that even the fixed stars were subject, ing over Niagara in the form of water. | to change. j But whereas the Niagara River isl Constant change is now known to continually replenished by falls of be the lot of all the stars, and, indeed, j rain, the sun undergoes no replenish-1 of the whole universe. The sun looks ment of appreciable amount. Its j the same from day to day and for gen-; weight must, then, be forever dimin-eration after generation merely be-, ishing. To-day K is a smaller body cause It is changing so slow ly. ft, by 360,000 million tons than it was I is living its life, and travelling the 1 yesterday, and by to-morrow it will I road from birth to( death, just as j weigh 360,000 million tons less than I surely as men and trees. Evidence , to-day. Here we have the ultimate un-1 for this is provided by the light and I derlying cause of progressive changes heat it sends to earth. | in the stars; they are transforming For light and heat carry weight' their substance into radiation, which with them, weight which is every ; they then pour away. Our sun de-whit as real as the weight of a ton stroys its own body to provide the of coal, so that we may quite properly light and heat which are essential to speak of a ton of light or heat. We the lives of its children, do not obtain a ton of light and heat Clearly such a process cannot go on on burning a ton of^ coal--we obtain forever, but the sun has substance less than a millionth'part of a pound, enough to continue to emit light and all the rest of the ton staying behind heat at its present rate for 15,000,000 as ai.h and cinder, or combining with million years to come. It will not, ot no protecting' think of our times as lying at the electrons; everything is dis- ni'st dawn of civilization; ours will and packed in the smallest ' appear as the heroic age of man's first space In the cooler "ordin- \ occupation of earth, when he still ary dwarfs," like the sun, most atoms ' struggled with the primeval wildness retain a single ring of electrons, of lts surface and first learned to which clear a space round them and utilize the forces of nature in his ef-so add enormously to their size, f°rts to establish society and civiliza-while in the still cooler "giant" stars! tion- We carry the heavy responsi-each atom has two or even three bility of those who draw up plans and rings of electrons in attendance. But, lay foundations for a long future The increase in population be-1911 (the year of the previous s) and 1921 was 1,582,000, and ?e of 158,000 per year. Self-Perfecting "Practice maketh perfect," The proverb so doth teach-- Especially if we practice The fine things that we preach. J.W. ADAMSON'S ADVENTURES--By O. Jacobsson. A Big Job Plan Change in North African Climate by Creating Inland Sea London.--A plan to change the climate of Northern Africa by creating inland seas in the Sahara desert is being seriously considered by the French Government and the Cabinet is expected to make a decision on the, questionjn September. Dwight Braman, of New York, is the engineer who presented the plan and undertook to make $50,000 to further the project. He made an engineering study last spring of the arid wastes lying below the level of the Mediterranean, and extending from the Gulf of Gables westward to Bisken, and formulated plans to cut three ship canals 40 feet deep and 200 feet wide connecting the Mediterranean sea at Gables witli three dry saline lake beds called "Schlotts." The first canal is to be 10 miles long and will extend from the Gulf of Gables to Schotts Djerid. The second, six miles in length, will connect Schotts Djerid with Schotts Rharsa, and the Rharsa t Our Cars and Roads The Detroit Free Press says: "Can-la now has over 945,672 motor vehicles, and it is expected that the 1,000,000-car mark will be reached by cent, of all the automobiles owned in Canada are registered in Ontario. The province's total is 436,120 or an average of 13.7 cars per 100 population. Canada is building good roads to keep abreast of increased automobile ownership. More money will be spent on highway construction, throughout the Dominion this year than in any in history. Construction of a $50,000,000 asphalt road from coast to coast across the Dominion is one of the projects now under contemplation." WOMEN DECLINES TO "PESTER" MINISTERS Port Elizabeth, Cape Colony.--Keen as are the women of South Africa to obtain the parliamentary franchise, they have decided not to adopt the methods of the pre-war suffragettes in England. At the annual conference of the Women's Enfranchisement League at Port Elizabeth it was moved: "That in view of the unsympathetic attitude of the Government toward the enfranchisement of women, the time has come to adopt an active policy of pestering Cabinet Ministers and members of the Government, such actions to be on similar lines to those employed by the W. S. P.U. in Great Britain in pre-war days." A representative of the Port Elizabeth branch declared that her members objected to the word "pester" and would prefer to substitute "persistent presentation of our claims." Furthermore, her branch thought that the resolution went far enough if they Anglo-American Friendship London Observer (Ind.): Anglo American friendship must come first in all circumstances. Franco-British friendship, high as we value it. and generously as we would cherish it, comes second. Above all things, U19 latter t be in the way of the former. There lies ultimate failure even for the Euro-, pean purposes which Whitehall and the Quai d'Orsay, with the aid of the technical experts, have been seeking to secure by a method of logical elaboration equally anxious and useless. The Kellogg Pact London Daily Chronicle (Lib.): We cannot of course regard this pact, aa more than an important step on a long road. But it lid hearten the nations- to the next step, which is re- I Electric fans are almost as useful in the winter as in the summer. Prop-j erly placed in the kitchen they may be | used to blow smoke and odors out : of a window; they will facilitate the 1 drying of clothes and are often used to assist in the drying of hair after a shampoo.