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the colborne express, colborne, ont. nov. 14, 1957 The Dairy Cow After 30JTears by Dorothea Kahn Jaffe Special Correspondent of The Christian Scienoe Monitor The American cow has just celebrated an anniversary at the fifth International Dairy Show here. It was just 350 years ago, at Jamestown, Va., that the first of her forbears arrived in the new world. Every Jamestown family needed a cow to supply it with milk, cream, and butter. Now the descendants of those cows, purebred animals of six breeds, compete-annually for $47,000 in prizes at the international amphitheatre in Chicago. They are not common barnyard animals; they are producers for competent businessmen and companies. They are part of a highly capitalized industry producing 125.7 billion pounds of milk a year in the United States alone. Every one of the 600 or more exquisitely groomed cows taking its ease in the clean straw at the dairy show is an efficient producer or she wouldn't be there. She is no longer just "the friendly cow all red and white," but an economic unit. She is as carefully groomed as any debutante. Her horns are polished and oiled to a soft luster. Her hoofs are sprayed with lac-juer. If a bit of pink skin shows ihrough on her back where hair las been clipped very short, her {room dusts it with scented ' white talcum powder to take jway the pink look. Her coat is brushed to a soft sheen. This is, of course, to impress the judges. To her owner the important thing is the number of pounds of milk she yields a year and its quality in relation to the feed bill she runs up. It is cows like those on exhibit that are running the national average of milk production per cow up to unprecedented heights in the face of a declining cow population. Last year, with the smallest number of cows on United States farms in the 26 years of records, milk production reached a peak. From the 1947 national average of 5,000 pounds per cow it jumped to 6,000 pdfcnds. Some explanations: Better nutrition, more pure-bred livestock, artificial insemination. The success of breeders in the United States and Canada in improving their breeds is indicated at the exposition by the presence of many Latin-American visitors. They are interested in improving their own dairy herds with American stock. One air- WINTERIZED--Lt. Cmdr. S. W. Marshall sports that "winterized look" as he makes rounds during Operation Deep Freeze III at McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. The veteran Operation Deep Freeze officer says his beard, even when ice coated, is a real help in keeping his line reported a single traveling party of 200 from Brazil, Ecuador, Salvador, and Honduras, all bound for the show, • writes Dorothea Kahn Jaffe in The Christian Science Monitor. Typical of American farmers looking to this growing market is V. G. McKibben of Orlando, Fla., who came here with an exhibit of his firm, Shadel, McKibben & Hall, Inc. Mr. McKibben was until recently a dairy farmer in Orland, Ind. He began selling stock to South American dairy farmers. Now, with his associates, he has moved some 500 head of dairy cattle to the new location in Florida, Why? "To be nearer the South American market," he explained. "We can fly cattle to our customers there, and the . animals hardly know anything's happened. We like Florida also because milk brings a good price.'" Degree Farm Sought Canadian dairy-cattle breeders exhibited here in numbers. The trip is expensive, and the provincial government helps the farmers . with their transportation costs. The Canadian Jersey Cattle Club sponsored, among others, a group of 23 farmers from Ontario; the Ontario Ayrshire Breeders Club another group, and so on. The uniformity of these cattle in coior, size, and body structure is remarkable. Named Grand Champion Female in the Ayrshire Division v/as Sandy Spring's Better Cheer, from Meredith Farm, Topsfield, Mass. Young college-trained men attending this show believe in the future of dairy farming as a business. Don Otterness, here witha champion cow named Solitaire from Rolling Acre Farm, Elgin, 111., was typical of this group. Son of a farmer, he is working for a degree in animal husbandry at the University of Minnesota. When he graduates he expects to get a job as manager of a number of herds and hold it until he saves enough money -- say $8,000 -- so he can talk to a banker and get a loan to set himself up in business as a dairy It will take from $30,000 to $40,000 to go in business for himself, he thinks. Takes that much money, he says, to set up an efficient dairy operation. Small-scale farming with government aid doesn't appeal to him. He says he hopes to operate so efficiently that he won't need government assistance, and he believes he can do it. But it takes capital. Many events took place along with the dairy show -- a national 4-H educational confemce, an intercollegiate judging contest, a dairy princess competition, and as a climax a dairy parade. Secrecy And Supremacy It is time to ask ourselves whether pre-#ccupation with our "scientific secrets" instead of with science itself has not resulted in impairing the real source of our strength and in loss of the supremacy we once could claim. "We cannot drive scientists into laboratories," President Truman observed in 1948, "but, if we tolerate reckless or unfair attacks, we can certainly drive them out." In sober truth, we have driven out of our laboratories a great many preeminent men of science; J, Robert Oppenheimer and Edward U. Condon are notable among them. We have discouraged younger men from entering the laboratories by subjecting them to frustrating and fettering security regulations. We have let scientists become targets of suspicion and abuse-- sometimes, in point of fact, by committees of the United States Congres. In the name of security we have sacrificed security. --Washington Post CROSSWORD PUZZLE 21. County i 23. E. Indiat weight 27.' Becomes 54.' Sheep 55. Hate t DOWN 2 3 4 5 * 7 3 14 : IS 16 18 19 20 21 ? n 23 25 26 27 I 29 30 31 34 35 36 37 39 40 42 43 44 45 46 48 56 52 53 54 - !: 55 ■ elsewhere on this page. CLIPPER SHIP-This modernistic vehicle is the lawn mower of the future, as interpreted by one manufacturer. The Wonder Boy mower was especially built for a firm to provide a glimpse into the future of lawn care. The dome protects the operator against adverse weather conditions and is air conditioned as well. Perhaps the best feature from dad's point of view is that the mower attachment in front can be removed, converting the machine into a golf cart. The mower not only cuts the lawn, but weeds it, feeds it and sprays it, too. THEFAEM FRONT loktvlSj^ell The "Random Sample Test" is being gradually accepted by the poultry industry. Those individuals who are familiar with such tests recognize the importance of the information which is available from them. The "Random Sample Poultry Test" simply involves the bringing together of samples of different commercial stocks (usually in the form of hatching eggs) and testing these stocks under uniform environmental conditions. With this test a comparative evaluation among stocks can be made, based on returns in dollars and cents after the deduction of feed and chick costs As the name of the test implies, the sample of stock must be drawn at random in order to be representative of the stock to be tested. This test is not a revival of the "Egg Laying Contest" which was important in the promotion of poultry breeding, but which could not be considered a reliable measure of a stock's worth, partly because the sample of stock under test was. not ordinarily a representative sample. Similarly, competitive ranking of poultry stock at agricultural exhibitions was also recognized as not being a reliable measure of a stock's worth, and its use is now limited to the poultry fancier. Although "Random Sample Tests" have already had a considerable effect upon the poultry industry, undoubtedly the results of these tests will become of even greater importance as poultry producers and poultry breeders become more familiar with the tests and the interpretation of their -results. At the Canada Department of Agriculture Experimental farm, Kentville, N.S., a major research program is centered on the development of the most desirable design, or plan, under which "Random Sample Tests" should operate in order to produce the most reliable results. The research is also aimed at determining the limitations of such tests. Estimates are being made of the reliability of small samples. One of the most impcrtant objectives of these studies is a critical examination of rearing and testing programs and the effects that different procedures may have on the rank of different geno - types. Information available to date indicates that rearing in confinement or on range will not affect the relative ranking of different strains. Random Sample Test managements can therefore use either procedure depending on facilities available and expect similar results for the most part. Considering the major inherited factors affecting production, these tests appear to be sufficiently reliable to result in the wide recognition of outstanding poultry stocks. They may also prove of value in the evaluation of new stocks resulting from crossing existing strains and breeds and in stimulating competitive poultry breeding generally. Those concerned with storing potatoes will find much of interest in a revision of publication No. 882 entitled "Potato Storage," published by the Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. In this bulletin, such problems as the construction, insulation, disorders and operation of the storage are discussed. Of particular interest at present is the section dealing with the insulation of the storage. Damage to stored potatoes caused by low temperature can be avoided by insulation of the storage. This reduces heat transfer by preventing its rapid escape in winter and its entry during warm weather. Any material will slow down heat transfer because a definite length of time is required for heat to pass through, a given substance. The term "insulator" is applied to substances that are particularly effective for this purpose. Corkboard is the best known of the common insulating materials. The simplest way of measuring the rate of heat transference of other insulating materials is therefore by comparison with this material. Many examples are given in the bulletin of the thickness of various materials required to provide the same insulating effect as one inch of corkboard. A somewhat extreme case is that of dry soil which only requires 36 inches in thickness to equal one inch of corkboard, yet three feet of wet soil is needed. Other examples range from snow, just over half-an-inch of which is required, to concrete, which calls for 19 inches. * * » Soil is the main form of ins-. ulation in underground storage. Three feet from any part of the structure to the outside sir is sufficient in a well-drained location where the soil can be kept reasonably dry. This is equivalent to about three or four inches of corkboard. During winter, the ground is a source of heat. At a depth of 12 feet or lower soil, soil temperature is near 40 degrees F., and the variation is slight. If the banking around the storage is well spread out from the building, more heat will be obtained, helping materially with frost control. Insulation of that portion of the storage above the ground is one of the most difficult problems because underground materials such as concrete are poor insulators and because soil as an insulator is applied on the outside of the building whereas most insulators are applied to the inner surface. Upper portions of the wall above ground should be insulated from the inside, using the equivalent of four inches of corkboard where the wall is exposed. The roof or ceiling should be insulated so that ceiling and wall insulation is continuous The method of insulation of storages built completely above ground is the same as that for the above-ground portion of side-hill or bank storages, except for the floor.. Since this does not get ground heat, it must be insulated to prevent freezing during the winter. A board-type insulation laid on a concrete floor is the most satisfactory. Moisture barriers must be installed to keep the insulation dry, in order to prevent loss of insulation and rotting. This is done by sealing off the inner or warmer surfaces on the insulated wall or ceiling The seal must be air-tight, however, and the most practical method is to use bitumen compounds or papers treated with bitumen. Copies of the bulletin are available on request from Information Service, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. Upsidedown to Prevent Peeking OBBBBH BHEE EEjBQHB eJGQBG □□□□□□ □□□BOB van □□□□□ uejd a SBN n did 3 A O f U □ □ □ V 1 0 V B 0 3 8 X O O a Vi 3 3 X E B V 1 3 a □ « a s V □ □ E w 1 d a O a □ 3 X s B 3 0 O E a O d V A|3 a 3 3 a B X 1 T alo 30 V b X s d V w | a 3 s By Rev R. Barclay Warren B.A., B.D. The Resurrection and Our Faith 1 Corinthians 15:3-8, 42-52 Memory Selection: Therefore, my beloved brethren, be ye steadfast, unmoveable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, forasmuch as ye know that your labour is not in vain in the Lord. 1 Corinthians 15:28. From Arnold's Commentary we quote the following: On the crystal casket of Lenin in Red Square, Moscow, is inscribed something like this: "He was the greatest leader of all pepoles. oi all countries, of all times He was the lord of the new humanity. He was the savior of the world." But notice, that is all in the past tense That casket contains the dead, embalmed body of Lenin. He had no faitl. in any future life, and so it was with Stalin. It is not so with oui Saviour, Jesus Christ. He says, "I am He that liveth, and was dead; and behold, I am alive foi evermore, Amen; and have tht keys of hell and of death' (Revelation 1:18). It is fine to be tolerant anc to acknowledge that there art some good things in all of the world's great religions. All er.oi and no truth would not gaii many followers. However, w< believe that Christianity is ai far ahead of any of the other! as day is brighter than night It is the only religion whost founder gave Himself to sav< the people and then rose tri umphantly from the grave. Hi is the only one who has conquered man's last great enemy death. Let others make theii pilgrimage to their . founder'! tomb. The tomb of Jesus Chrisl is empty. We worship a living Saviour. Belief in the resurrection oi Jesus Christ is not an optional in the Christian's creed. It is part of the very foundation. "Jesus our Lord--was delivered for our offences and raised again for our justification. "(Romani 4:24 25.) "If Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain.--Ye arl yet in your sins." (I Corinthian! 15:14,17). Only the Son of God couW rise from the dead. Only thi Son of God who gave HimseJl for us, can save us from oui sins. SHOOTING FOR RECORD -S/Sgt. ville. Ark., demonstrates ■ an M-with a gunsight movie camera w accurately records effectiveness flying aircraft. Shelman Angain, of Fayelte-3 submachine gun equipped ith a 3-inch lens. The camera of ground fire against low- M.o. SWEET'S LITTLE ACRE--No small potatoes is the unusual prize of Mrs. Dee Sweet who works for a TV station. Mrs. Sweet checks the potato harvest on the acre of land she won in a lottery ticket at the 1957 Convention of American Women of Radio and Television. She and her husband drove to Limestone to supervise the gathering of about 490 bushels of spuds