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Two COLBORNE CHRONICLE ■ Thursday. May 25th, 1967 Great Distribution. Centre Even though I have been in the game of reporting and editorializing for a good many years, I am still amused at my spontaneous reaction to announcements. The chain of one thought leading to another, or dredging up a memory to link the idea for a column solidly together, is as exciting to me now, as it was years ago. For example, when I learned the other day that Steep Rock's new pellet plant will go into production at Atiko-kan. Ontario, in July or August of this year, it prompted me to do a bit of reviewing. Three or four years ago, I was a guest of the company in their executives' house and given an extensive tour of this spectacular open pit iron mine. Woman-like, it was the rich colours of the ore veins that fascinated me rather than the magnitude of the operation. It was only when I visited CN's ore dock in Port Arthur and witnessed, from what I considered a perilous vantage point, the loading of the raw ore into freighters, that I realized the contribution to our economy such an endeavour was making. When plans for pelletizing were confirmed, I rather wondered what would happen at, the docks. Evidently they will be as busy as they were in the days of bulk ore shipping. The fleet of ore cars has been fuly prepared and it is expected that 2,500,000 tons of pellets as well as some 700,000 tons of bulk ore will be loaded on boats at ihe Lake-head this year. Area officers also expect that the ore dock will receive approximately 100,000 tons of potash during the shipping season. Now you will see what happens to my thoughts as they build an idea for a column. Having remembered the exciting experience of walking out that huge ore dock, covered as it was with red ore dust, I realized I was witnessing the tremendous shipping operation that has made Port Arthur, western terminus of the St. Lawrence Seawy, the third largest port in Can- A City's History This year we are recalling much of the history which surounds the cities, towns and villages of our country. Port Arthur is no exception, and the story starts something like this: "A point on the majectic shores of Thunder Bay known as 'The Station', afforded in 1857 an equipping base for the first Red River Expidition, and out from the Station in 1868 prospectors found the rich silver mines. By the autumn of 1869 a 25 mile military road had been built to the west and in the following year Colonel Sir Grant Wolseley (later Lord Wolsley), leading troops sent from eastern Canada to quell the Rlei Rebellion disembarked at the scenic anchorage. Enchanted with the natural beauty of The Station, Wolseley renamed the outpost village 'Prince Arthur's Landing' in honour of Prince Arthur, son of Queen Victoria, who was then in Canada. In 1884 the villagers changed the name to Port Arthur and in that year the town was incorporated. The city charter was granted in 1906 . ." In these modern times, over 2,100 vessels a year load or discharge at the Lakehead, carying grain, flour, iron ore, . oil, coal, pulp, paper, lumber, pulpwood, sulphur, automobiles, steel and machinery. The Lakehead port offers a terminus for the shortest water route to the West, economical installation of shifting boards for ocean vessels and lower pilot charges and harbour dues. Nine major truck terminals and the CN's piggyback ter- minal are located within a mile of the new Lakehead Harbour Terminal in Port Arthur's southern harbour. From these terminals, cargoes are quickly distributed to Northwestern Ontario and Western Canada. ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION - B.C. Artificial respiration, fifty years old? One hundred years old? Would you believe 1000 years old? If you guessed any of these, you're wrong on all counts. In fact, artificial respiration, or the restoration of breathing by artificial means, was practised long before the birth of Christ. Though the methods used were primitive and sometimes brutal in comparison to those used today, they did work; and it was probably for this reason that man continued lo experiment, modify, and Improve upon this valuable method of saving lives. One ancient method, certain to bring a gasp even from those of us who breathe well, consisted of throwing hot pitch on the victim's chest or abdomen. The shock was supposed to cause a convulsion and thereby restore breathing. If this method did indeed work, it undoubtedly produced instant, screaming, case studies for the practise of treating severe burns as Well. Not all early attempts, however, were quite as crude. Two of the earliest recorded methods of artificial respiration employed principles vaguely similar to those upon which modern methods are based. One consisted of placing the asphyxia victim over a bent sapling and moving the sapling up and down rhythmically to instigate breathing. In the other method, the victim was lashed face downwards across a horse's back, and the horse was set off at a trot to jog air in and out of the victim's lungs. What the inventors of these methods had discovered, though they probably never knew it, was the fact that the human body cannot live without oxygen. Metabolism, the process by which food materials are converted into body tissues, and by which energy is produced for body functions, depends on an adequate supply of this precious gas for efficient operation. When for any reason breathing is stopped long enough to interfere with the process of metabolism, the resulting condition is called asphyxia. If breathing is not restored quickly, death occurs. Today, St. John Ambulance, the Canadian First Aid authority, recommends the mouth-to-mouth method of artificial respiration as being the most efficient means of reviving a victim of asphyxia. "It is the simplest, most direct, and most effective method known to modern man", says W. E. Goddard, Chief Training Officer with St. Through its "Save a Life" Program -- free two-hour classes in artificial respiration -- St. John Ambulance has graduated more than one million Canadians in the motfth-to-mouth technique. "The time to learn is now", says Mr. Goddard, "Accidents are not predictable. They happen anytime." For further information about the St. John Ambulance "Save a Life" Program, contact your nearest St. John Office or Brigade member. able to the public. The new project is aimed to produce statistics on the incidence of burns, and type of clothing involved, as a basis for a program of control. BURNS INVESTIGATED The Ontario Medical Association will ask the provincial department of health to help reduce the number and severity of accidental burns. The O.M.A. wants the government to help set up a project to gather the evidence of burn accidents, determine their severity, identify types of clothing involved, and suggest possible methods of control. Dr. J. P. Harshman of Toronto, chairman of the O.M.A. committee on public health, said the doctors have been studying the problem for several years. The doctors have been working with the National Research Council at Guelph University and the Canadian Government Specifications Board in their study of flammable fabrics used in clothing and bedding. They have also confered with textile manufacturers regarding continuing research to produce flame-retardaKt fabrics accept- NEW Old KKING PORT HOPE HARBOR TO BE DREDGED The J. P. Porter Company of Montreal, Quebec, has been awarded a $24,400 contract lor dredging in the approach and harbor area of Port Hope, Ontario, Public Work Minister George J. Mcllraith announced Tuesday. The successful bid was the lowest of five opened on April 14, the high tender being $52,-0000. Some 20,000 cubic yards of Class "B" (loose) material are to be removed from the approach and inner harbor areas under the contract. The purpose of the dredgmg is to restore the chart depth of 17 feet in the approach channel, and 16 feet in the inner harbor. Minor dredging to deepen the approach to Queen's Wharf will also be carried out. Plans and specifications were prepared by the Toronto District Office of the federal Department of Public Works. The contract will take six weeks for completion. MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS FOR BABYSITTERS REQUESTED BY O.M.A. Professional babysitters may be required to undergo medical examinations. The Ontario Medical Association, which represents 8,000 doctors, will ask the department of labour to require babysitters working for registered agencies to have certificates of health similar to those required of food handlers. The examinations would include chest x-ray and an assessment of mental health. The resolution was passed at the annual meting of the OMA in Toronto recently. It was proposed by the committee on child welfare, which expressed concern that there are no regulations requiring recognized baby-sitting agencies to have employees screened as to their physica land mental health. The committee recognized that the majority of babysitting -is done by amteurs, and suggested that control of these young people would be impractical. However, it was recommended that baby-sitting courses be operated foi them in the schools or by the Junior Red Cross. Adoption of symbol traffic signs by Ontario has been announced by the Hon. Irwin Haskett, Ontario Minister of Transport, ihe new signs will be introduced as old signs need replacing, with the job expected to take five to 10 years. Some examples are shown above (topj in contrast with existing road signs (bottom).