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THE COLBORNE EXPRESS, THURSDAY, JANUARY 26th, 1932 News and Information For the Busy Farmer! DEMAND APPROVED CHICKS One of the niost significant compliments federal poultry policies have received in recent years was given at a meeting of hatcherymen in Hamilton the other day, when it was asserted ni support of the Federal Policy of HatcheryApproval that the outstanding reason why hatcherymen should be identified with the policy was "the public are demanding approved chicks." Hatchery Approval is now entering its fourth year of operation i and is doing a lot toward the building | up of quality and value in poultry flocks on Canadian farms. silage is an extra good feed if it is not abused. Two kinds of abuse are to feed too much and to let the surplus accumulate in the mangers. It should not be forgotten that silage is largely water. If the cows are encouraged to cram themselves with silage at the expense of grain and hay they will not be getting enough nutrients to sustain their bodies and a profitable flow of milk. Preferably the grains should 'be fed on top of the silage so that It will be eaten first and then not more silage than will be eaten readily. If there is a surplus it is well to clean this out 'of the mangers daily. WEEKLY CROP REPORT The continued mild weather in the first part of January made it possible for livestock to get plenty of outdoor exercise regularly and in most districts generally speaking, all classes of stock ere in good condition. From Lincoln County comes the report that less grain and more hay are being fed to the average farm herd than in the past, thus reducing the cost of feeding to a considerable extent. In Lincoln also, production of milk is being well maintained. There is a gratifying tendency towarrd weeding out low-testing rnd low-producing cows in many herds v.'hich are supplying milk for city or town trade. From Huron County comes word of a fairly good demand fo: poultry with prices firm for best quality milk-fed birds. The mild weather has resulted in the heaving of clovers in many districts. As a result of scarcity of feed in Glengarry County, live stock is somewhat thinner than usual at this time of year and on a great many farms hay and straw will be about all used up in another few weeks. Down in Leeds County, a T.B. testing program has been under way with slightly more than half the county now completed and showing less than 3 per cent, reactors. Adivce frc-m Renfrew states that good quality hay is finding plenty of demand at $13.00 per ton baled and delivered. Renfrew also has an excellent supply of registered and No. 1 seed of practically all HUi-LESS OATS Interest in hulless oats continues to grow in Ontario according to speakers at the recent meeting of the Experimental Union at Guelph. Enquiries from all over the Province came irto the authorities at Guelph during the past twelve months. -Though they decided to recommend hulless oats for general purposes members of the Field Husbandry Staff of the Ontario Agricultural College agree that this grain produces an excellent feed for young livestock and poultry. In recent years more and more farmers, particuularly airymen and poultry keepers are making a practice of growing a few cres of the hulless oats just for the chickens and calves. Lacking the objectionable and sometimes dangerous hulls, these oats can be fed safely either whole or ground and remarkable gains are reported. For some years a group of Hakli-mand County farmers under the direction of L. B. Mehlenbacher of Cayuga, have been developing a special selection of Liberty Hulless oats. The seed was originally secured from the Experimental Farm authorities at Ottawa and gradually spread over several farms aroung Cayuga. As a result of cr i eful cleaning, the seed each year has been brought up to the higher government grades. In normal years tht Liberty Hulless in Haldimand has btc-n found to exceed the yield of ordinary oats, returns up to 40 bus. I er acre, weighing close to 50 lbs. tc the bushql, being reported. When it is considered that the ordinary is made up of 20 per cent, hull and this hull has a feeding value only eaqual to straw, still more weight must be %iven the argument for the hulless. During the past season, the oat crop in Western Ontario, was one of the poorest in years and the Liberty Hul less along with the other varieties suffered. As a result, the expectations of the growers in Haldimand to duce a large seed supply have not been fulfilled though there will be some surplus over local requirements He Trie CaOOD DAIRY COW RATION A ration for a cow in milk that supplies about fifteen pounds of pea and oat hay per day and crushed oats end barley, one pound to each three pounds. of milk, is about a balanced ration if roots are fed in addition. Ii no roots are available, bran should be added at the rate of of one pound to three of the mixed grain. If the available supply of hay is limited to mixed hay. or timothy, it would be necessary to add a protein supplement to the grain ration. This may be oilcake meal, cottonseed meal gluten feed or fish meal, 50 to 100 pounds tor each 300 pounds of crushed grain, depending upon the protein analyses ol the supplement available. ORGANIZATION NEEDED "The need of the hour to the fruit and vegetable industry of Ontario la organization of the growers. and cooperation between the growers, jobbers and shippers of this province," said Wv B. Somerset, chairman, Ontario Marketing Board, at the Fruit and Vegetable Jobbers' Convention "The disorderly marketing of these pro j tied < last s close to chaos. One outstanding example of what could be done, however, was explained to the convention by Mr. Atkin, president of the Soutn Es ex group of co-operatives, which handle their marketing through one central organization at Leamington. "In the Leamington district there are four Co-operatives, or Co-operative Associations of Growers, which have erected central packing plants anu which combine forces through a cen- '■ tral organization for the purpose of securing orderly distribution. "The efforts of these organizations were very successful last year, their j entire output being sold at good prices I and jobbers were enthusiastic in their piaise of this work. Some time ago) the Ontario Growers' Markets Cou cil I offered to co-operate in every way possible, with other districts forming similar organizations for the san purpose. The Ontario Growers' Markets Couni is at present endeavoring to give le" ership toward organizing the Niaga District for similar purposes, in 193 Jobbers and shippers assembled at the convention from all over Canada offered to assist such organizations, -and give their active support. "Finally," Mr. Somerset said, "it is suggested that all the districts of the Niagara Peninsula should organize to pack and grade uniformly, and do all of their marketing through a central organization, which they would support vigorously." Let ) Farm Journal "The decrease in freight car loadings which began in 1930 has continued almost uninterruptedly. In 1931 up to the end of the first week of December, 558,359 less freight cars had been loaded on all Canadian Railways than for the same period of the previous year. During the same period of this. year 376,016 less cars were loaded than in 1931. The decline in passenger business has been relatively the same. The resultant effect upon railway earnings has been naturally disastrous. For the first ten months of 1931 Canadian Pacific gross revenue declined 22.1 per cent as compared with that of 1930. For the first ten months of this year now closing there was a further decline of 15.4 per cent The decline continues, and there certainly appears to be no evidence in sight that for many years we shall see them entirely eliminated and our earnings back where they were in 1928."--E. W. Beatty, K.C., Chairman and President, Canadian Pacific Railway, in his review of 1932. In the vanguard of the winter vacation traffic to the South Seas and the Orient, the Canadian Pacific liner "Empress of Japan" cleared the Narrows at Vancouver January 14 with a list of 411 passengers. Recent payment by Great Britain of $95,550,000 war debt instalment, reminds old-timers of the war days when $96,000,000 in gold was shipped by Canadian Pacific Express from Asia to England, via Canada, and was carried across the Dominion on a special Canadian Pacific train, having absolute right-of-way. The train travelled without lights and was protected by scores of armed guards^ "Dark and uncertain as the outlook may appear to the casual observer, I still think that in this wider field the year has not been without important developments leading towards trade stabilization and encouragement."--E. W. Beatty, K.C., Chairman and President, Canadian Pacific Railway, in his review of 1932. "Through intelligent education the economic and social futility of war will eventually be recognized," is the view of Sir Norman Angell, British economist and dis-peller of war illusions. He sailed recently by Canadian Pacific liner "Montrose" after a lecture tour in the United States. Of the 4,046,512 pounds of canned pineapple consumed in Canada between April 1 and November 30. 1932, all but 158,583 lbs. came from countries within" the Empire, nearly half the total being from the Straits Settlements. Illiteracy in Canada is near the vanishing point. According to the last census in 1931. 92.34 percent, of the population of Canada over five vears of age could either read or write. Students enrolled in Canadian schools in 10ol numbered 2.542,747. The ibution to Compan\ s t Canada's tax ( corporation to about $116,000,000." --E. W. Beatty, K.C.. Chairman and President. Canadian Pacific Railway, in his review 6f 1932. BEATTY FORESEES BUSINESS UPTURN CP.R. President Points to Many Helpful Factors But Says Further Adjustment Necessary to Complete Re-establishment. '"TPHE after-war period of ad-1 justment through which this country is going is still short of completion," says E. W. Beatty, K.C., in his annual review "but I would add the positive assertion that, unhappy as the past year may have been and as lacking in re-assuring factors as the immediate future may appear, 1932 has seen definite and constructive progress towards improvement We see on every side the effect of long drawn-out world trade depression -- a process of economic deflation -- grinding slowly forward and leaving behind it a wake of human unhappiness and even ruin in directions where it seemed least likely to be possible. Having no clear vision of a definite end to our troubles, we are tempted to despair or to look for remedies to those who preach short cuts to economic security that are as unsound and as surely disastrous as were the extravagant and wasteful methods of conducting national, corporate and individual business which brought about present conditions and we are likely to overlook evidences of progress which justify the belief that this transitioinary period is taking its well ordered way towards better times. A year ago I suggested that the movement towards economic readjustment would go further, perhaps even into public and governmental institutions. I am convinced that failure to boldly meet and satisfactorily deal with this matter may easily mean national Insolvency and will certainly retard any possible return to a reasonably full measure of prosperity. Nothing that the troubles of the past year have brought into public recognition is so outstanding as is the need for curtailing public expenditure and co-ordinating and re-organizing public activities so that they may be placed upon a basis such as this country of ten million people can well afford. Courageous effort has accomplished real progress along this line but much remains to he done before our national affairs are on a sound economic basis. The nation's annual interest hill is mounting steadily and has done so for many years, a statement that is equally true of Dominion, provincial and municipal affairs. It is the corporate and individual taxpayer who has to pay these, and since the Canadian Pacific Railway pays yearly the country's largest tax bill I may be allowed to lay particular stress upon this point which ~ consider calls for earnest study the present time. The railway situation place as Canada's most tive domestic problem. A (year ago we hoped that its early solution was foreshadowed by the appointment of a competent tribunal to probe into its causes and complexities and to present an efficacious solution. We did not then'foresee that the proposed solution would "be based upon what the Commission thought the people of Canada would be willing to accept rather than upon the stern necessities of the case. Nor was it then apparent that conditions that had brought about the immediate need for effective relief for a situation that threatened national bankruptcy would become still more aggravated as business offering for the railroads continued to show drastic and unprecedented declines. That is what has happened. The decrease Mr. E. W. Beatty Chairman and President Canadian Pacific Ry. freight car loadings which , an in 1930 has continued almost uninterruptedly. In 1931 up to the end of the first week of December, 558,359 less freight cars had been loaded on all Canadian Railways than for the same period of the previous year. During the same period this year 376,016 less cars were loaded than in 1931. The decline in passenger s has been relatively the same. The resultant effect upon railway earnings has been naturally disastrous. For the first ten months of 1931 Canadian Pacific gross revenue declined 22.1 per cent as compared with that of 1930. For the first ten months of this year now closing there was a further decline of 15.4 per cent. The decline continues, and there certainly appears to be no evid-e in sight that for many years shall see them entirely eliminated and our earnings back where they were in 1928. It is true that the railways have effected drastic economies. As corn-fared with 1931 Canadian Pacific operating costs for the first ten " of 1932 were 15.3 per cent *\d we expect that we shall hiake a still better showing in this regard throughout the corn-Having the best hope in the world, I hesitate to prophesy any great increase in gross earnings, but it is my deeply considered iction that if the railways over the next ten or fifteen years are to live anywhere within their income, economies will have to go in lffClflfl°f. yyXSh c,,,. ,_.d very much further indeed than has yet been considered by a great number of our people who, it is only fair to state, have not had even "a fair opportunity of informing themselves upon the situation. For years we have been impelled towards large capital expenditures, while at the same time competitive transportation agencies, railways, highways and canals have been built up and maintained out of public funds. Keeping these facts in view and having in mind the probable course of economic events over the next few years, the urgency of the need for fundamental change in our railway policy should be clearly apparent I think that in the wider field of world economics we have witnessed important developments leading towards trade stabilization and encouragement. The improvements in the situation with regard to international war debts and the hope contained in the coming World Trade Conference can certainly be regarded on the brighter side of the ledger, while the first results from the Imperial Trade Conference at Ottawa in the way of improved intra-Empire trade, provide honest ground for quiet congratulation. I am still as great an optimist as ever on the subject of Canada's ultimate future. The inherent soundness' of our country strengthens me in this opinion. I do not think that our business recovery will come with a rush, since the temptation to forget the economic lessons we have learned would be too strong. For one thing, I do not hesitate.to say that if within, three years we found ourselves again in such a period of economic inflation as we experienced about 1928, and if we had not then definitely settled the railway problem on sound and permanent economic lines we would again be swept off our feet by the flood of competition and competitive extravagances. This, I think applies with equal force to all forms of business. Referring a year ago to the Royal Commission on railways, I urged that the people of Canada should meet its suggested solutions for our problem with earnest consideration of their economic values unbiased by political color or preconceived prejudices. The question is now more than ever a matter of urgent public discussion and will continue so for many months. It cannot satisfactorily be dealt with in a way to save the country from disaster unless it be considered as an economic question and settled in accordance with the economic truth that transportation agencies are no different from any other form of industrial institution in that they must be both allowed and required to pay their way. Any other attempted solution of the difficulty would be ineffectual, and it is the inescapable obligation of the people of Canada to apply this test to whatever proposals for settlement of the problem may come forward. SEATTY MEETS SCOUTS Honesty, courage and modesty are the cardinal virtues that make for success and they should be the ideal of every Canadian hoy, said E. W. Beatty, chairman and president of the Canadian Pacific Railway, in addressing the Montreal District Scout Council at their r-eadquarters in that city recently. Mr. Beatty was speaking in his capacity as president of the Canadian General Council of the Boy Scouts' Association and at a function at which he had" been with a copy of the new Scout song book, "Songs for Canadian Boys." The appeal of this book is to ali classes of boys and girls, to adults and to the English-speaking world generally. Some of the finest poems in the language are included, making the book an anthology in itself. The songs include those common to the Empire, songs of Canada, England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, the United States, French-Canada, France, sea songs, sea chanties, scouting and marching songs, choruses and miscellane- ous songs. The French-Canadian song group have scholarly English translations by J. Murray Gibbon. It is a book that would adorn the shelves of any library. Mr. Beatty made a complete inspection of the Scouts' Montreal premises and evinced lively interest in the toy shop where hundreds o'f old and damaged toys were being put into shape and renovated for distribution among the poor and destitute children at Christmas. Photograph shows him among the boys at work in the shop, FEED A BALANCED RATION If there is one thing more than any other the importance of which is stressed in hog feeding, it is that grains alone are not enough to make good hogs, and that for the production of the select bacon tpye hog it is important that a balanced ration be fed. In many parts of Canada, particularly throughout the Prairie Provinces, there is an abundance of cheap grain feeds which as they sfand are unmarketable, but when fed to live stock quite attractive prices can be realized. Where grains alone are fed the live stock product is seldom satisfactory end to get worthwhile results a protein supplement must be included to balance the ration. Skim milk or buttermilk in some form is the ideal protein supplement in hog feeding. These, however, are rot always available but because these are not available is no reason why other equally good forms of protein supplement should not be used. A very fine type of pork can be produced through feeding tankage, a by-product of the packing industry. This provides an animal protein supplement ideal for hog feeding, and at -the present time this can be obtained essentially CRATE FEEDING PAYS Farmers who are in a position to follow the practice, find that crate-feeding of their poultry pays them big dividends. There are several reasons for this. It produces the milk-fed grades which bring the highest prices; the leading wholesale merchants are now buying poultry by Government gTades with substantial differentials between each grade; the premiums assured for birds which grade "milk-fed" make crate-feeding worth while; and all - poultry intended for eating purposes should be properly finished before being marketed. The farmer who has poultry to market would do well to remember that it is the last pound which brings the finish and increases the value of the bird by 50 to 75 cents. PIGS NEED FIBRE Wlinter fed market pigs and breed ing stock relish a little fibrous matter to chew, and thev need it regularly. They will eat straw if nothing better is available. It is easy, however, to give them something better, such as second cut clover or alfafa and other well-cured grass or cereal crops that have been cut green. The feeding of few mangels from day to day, as is well known, has very desirable effects The important thing is to see that ail pigs, except the very young, get some form of vegetable matter regularly The results obtained from this practice will amply repay the cost involved in small quantity of fibrous fea.'s DATES TO REMEMBER Feb. 1--Ontario Plowmen's Assoc-tion, Toronto. Feb. 2--Ontario Field Crop and eed Growers' Association Toronto. Feb. 2 and 3--Ontario Association Fairs and Exhibitions. Feb. 7--Ontario Vegetable Growers' Toronto. Feb. 9 and 10--Ontario Horticultural Association, Toronto. Butter Wrappers at Express Office, Try "The Express" Job Printing Department for Good Printing on Good Paper, at Reasonable Prices. QUEENS HOTEL COLBORNE W. E. WILSON .... Proprietor G. A. REID ............ Owner TRAPPING and HUNTING LICENSES may be procured from W. F. GRIFFIS Rexall Druggist -- Colborne Tinsmithing and Plumbing The undersigned has opened a shop in the East side of the Ireland Block, King Street, Colborne, next to Chas. Bugg's shoe Complete Line of STOVES AND FURNACES STOVE PIPES AND' ELBOWS Stove A. B. MULHALL land Slock, King St., Colborne PHONE 152 PALEN'S FLOUR SALE per bag Maple Leaf...... $2.40 Robinhood ...... 2.40 Castile.......... 2.19 Keynote ........ 2.19 Queen City...... 1.98 Pastry, in 24's.....47 These prices hold until further notice I. PALEN Mill Phone 97 COLBORNE Residence Phone 79