The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

Page Four THE COLBORNE EXPRESS, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 1st, 1934 News and Information For the Busy Farmer AN INTERESTING EXPERIMENT Because of the extreme shortage of hay and high prices this year a small field of excellent feed owned by William Couse of Streetsville is of unusual interest to Ontario farmers. Mr. Oouse has demonstrated that it is possible to get an excellent yield of the best quality h|ay from seed sown in the same season. Moreover his crop is not of the emergency character, like green oats or millet something that requires special knowledge and special care, but is largely alfalfa with a little red clover -and timothy, and unlike the emergency orops, the field will be good for further yields of hay next year. The field was sown about the first of May last spring with a mixture composed of 15 pounds of alfalfa, five pounds of red clover and one pound of timothy. No nurse crop was used and the field had not been previously in alfalfh for 15 years. No inoculation was used but an excellent catch resulted. Owing to dry weather the stand was on the thin side when the first cutting was made about the first of July. At that time the plants averaged 30 inches in height and a crop of close to a ton per acre of cured hay was taken off. Had there been the usual amount of rain Mr. Oouse believes that twice this yield would have been secured. The hay was of excellent quality, with plenty r.f yJaluaJMie leaves. Aided by timely rains the second growth was much finer and thicker with much of the original seed, apparently, not germinating until after the first cutting had been removed. AVhile the first crop was almost entirely alfalfa, by the middle of summer both the red clover and timothy began to appear. This crop was in early October and averaged three tons of green feed per acre, or tween a ton and a half and two tons of cured hay. Mr. Couse estimated that one acre would provide pasture for a good milk cow for 140 days, if it was decided that hay was not needed. This experiment seems to prove that it is possible even in the face of dTy weather to produce over tons per acre of cured hay from the first years' seeding, if applied on a general scale it would indicate that winter killing of meiadows on a scale like last year need not be as serious as is the case to-day with the hay average very seriously reduced. Prom every standpoint the experiment appears .practical and indicates th|at year-od meadows, killed out in early spring may be made to produce normal hay returns by moderately heavy sowings without nurse crops. Furthermore, as a mixture ifather than straight alfalfa, is advised by Mr. Oouse, the cost of the seed is very low, such mixtures as he used selling for less than straight alfalfa, or red clover. Fortunately for any farmer who may wish to follow Mr. Couse' exlaimple next spring, ample supplies of homegrown alfalfa seed are in sight for ring, though red clover is go- RICHEST FARM MANURE Poultry manure is undoubtedly the richest produced on the farm. Poultry manure, however. ferments very quickly, losing, if left exposed, a large portion of its nitrogen as ammonia. This fact emphasizes the desirability of systematically and frequently cleaning off the boards beneath the roosts, a plan that also conduces to the general good health and thrift of the fowl. " manure, previously mixed with loam to destroy stickiness and facilitate distribution, may be applied directly to the land and worked with the surface soil--its best preservtatr winter (and at other seasons when the manure cannot be used directly) it should be mixed with a fair proportion of loam, dried peat, muck, sawdust, together with a little land plaster or superphosphate to fix the nitrogen. If should then be packed' tightly in barrels or boxes and stored protected from rain until required spring. Lime and wood ashes should not be used for this purpose as they set free nitrogen. Poultry manure being essentially nitrogenous is parti larly valuable for garden and leafy crops generally, and the majority of poultry keepers will no doubt do well ' ^o reserve it for this use. However, IMPROVEMENT OF SHEEP At this season of the year when rmers aie marketing their lambs id making preparatins to cull out eir ewe flock and place a pure bred m at the head of the flock, many ill be interested to know that ram grading is now near completion. A >st of officially graded rams of the various breeds is available for each ounty at the office of the Agricultural Representative. Through the assis-ance of the Federal Department of Agriculture purchasers of graded pure ired rams are entitled to the follow-n-g premiums if they comply with the rules and regulations for Ram inns Policy. XX Lamb $2.00. XX Yearling $3.00. XXX Lamlb $3.00. XXX Yearling $5.00. The Province of Ontario has made substantial progress in the improve-ent of its sheep industry. This is evidenced by the winnings of pure bred breeders at National Exhibitions such as the Royal Winter Fair at To-o and the International .Live Stook Exposition at Chicago. The quality of lamlbs marketed in Ontario is due largely to the use pure bred sires. Toronto is now largest l|amb consuming market Canada and provides a market outlet for good quality well finished lamibs at all seasons of the year. Graded pure bred ramis are available at very reasonable prices from the various breeders of pure bred sheep and no farmer who keeps a flock of breeding ewes should be without the services of a pure bred ram. the STRAW FOR WINTER FEED While straw is not generally considered as a nutritious feed for livestock, yet in times of fodder scarcity it is very valuable. Horses and dry cows may be wintered entirely on straw, if supplemented by one half to three-quarters of a pound of linseed oil meal a day, or other similar protein feed. A ration of half straw and half legume hay will carry such stock through the winter in excellent condition. Little straw should be used for bedding this year when it is needed for feed. Good oat straw con tains a considerable amount of total nutrients, though practically no protein. This is why straw alone makes a poor showing as an exclusive feed fcr livestock, but when supplemented with a little high protein feed, its carbohydrate content can be utilized to excellent advantage. When feeding straw, always provide plenty of mineral matter in addition. Give cattle, norses and sheep free access to a mixture of 28 pounds of bone meal, 50 pounds of finely ground limestone, 20 pounds of salt, 2 pounds of iron oxide, one-half ounce of copper sulphate and one ounce of potassium odide. In feeding value, oat straw leads, with barley, whefat and rye straw following in the order named. Corn i fodder, when harvested before the i leaves dry up and blow away, is con-j siderably more valuable than the j straw of the small grains. Sweet. clover straw, after threshing out the ] seed, is especially valuable in a year, like this. Canadian Railway Official Regards Performance as Epochal Toronto, Oct. 23rd, 1934--Railway history is repeating itself again, as nine years previously, the attention of steam road executives is focused upon a streamline train, not unlike a huge caterpillar but with the speed of a hawk, which is rushing across the continent from Los Angeles to New York."Its operating schedule calls for it to eat up the 3,200 miles, separating the Pacific and Atlantic seaboards in 57% hours. It was on November 1st, 1925, that the Canadian National Railways pioneered the way in the adaption of the oil-ele car which made a dash across continent, covering the distance of 2,937 miles between Montreal and Vancouver in 67 running hours. This test trip proved once and for all the feasibility of the oil-electric motive power to meet the trying operating requirements of Amrican railroads. "The progress of the new Union Pacific train on its test run from coast to coast will be watched with particular interest by railway officials both in Canada and the United States." said W. A. Kingsland, vice-president and general manager of the Canadian National Railways, who at the time of the oil-electric car trial mn was general manager of the W tern Region, where the outstanding performianoe of the car was shown. "In many ways the tests are similar Speed was not the prime factor, but rather that of the endurance of thi motive power and its capabilitie rnder actual operation conditions. "In operating on a schedule of 72 hours from Montreal to Vancouver, and making the run in five minutes less than 67 hours actual running time, the oil-electric car set three world records in railway operation. The diesel engine never stopped run-i.ing during the trip, although the car itself might be standing at a station, a feat never before accomplished; the actual running time established a new record for transcontinental speed, although a special Union Pacific train, in 1906, ran from San Francisco in 71 hours, 23 minutes; and it was the first time that a single car, propelled under its own power, had ventured upon such a lengthy run. Apart from this, a new power, which could be adapted to railway requirements, n ceived a severe and gruelling test." "In other wtays, however," M: Kingsland pointed out, the equipment was dissimilar. The historic oil-electric car weighed only 40 tons. The streamline Union Pacific train sists of a six-car unit, the power three Pullmans, mail and express combined, and a. buffet-kitchen "All railroaders will wish the Union Pacific every success in this endurance test," Mr. Kingsland concluded. "If the schedule is kept up, as we hope and believe that it will be, new world records will be achieved; and as many improvements have been made since Canadian National engineers adapted the diesel engine to railway operation, this test run the streamline train may have important influence upon railway equipment in the future." PROPER RATION NEEDED A hen may lay a. few eggs early in the spring without receiving much feed or attention or she may lay at the end of the season when feed may pickd up in the fields, but the hen has not been yet developed that will lay without the proper ration during the fall and winter months. A good mash is important if the hens are to lay. and it should' be before the birds all the time. If any one of the necessary elements required for the making of eggs is absent, production is impaired. Pullets require a little different mash than the old hens and it is a mistake to house them together &nd have them fed from the same hopper. Homegrown feeds with the addition of some purchased concentrates may be mixed, or a commercial mash may be purchased that will supply the" necessary ingredients to the bird. Chickens will pay dividends if properly housed arid given the right | rations. HALDIMAND COUNCIL Grafton, Oct. 25th, 1934 Council met this day. Members all present, Reeve McKenzie in the, chair. Minutes of last meeting read and confirmed. Communication from H. E. Minor, ,x collector, stating that he would be at next Council meeting at Fenella, Nov. 29, for the purpose of collecting Moved by Jas. Deviney, seconded by M. Rutherford, That the Reeve and Treasurer sign orders in favor of the folowing accounts: R. Diamond, work, cemetery 6.00 Municipal World, supplies .. 2.9a E. H. Baggaley, pension ---- 7.50 Rutherford, salary ---- 33.33 Stamps and excise.......... 5.00 Vital Statistics .............. 2.00 Myles, hydro supplies .. 13.55 and the following road account: Henry Bilcox ............ 4.80 Archie Edwards ......... 2.00 D. Crawford ............. 16.00 Robert Heron ........... 8.00 Ed. Oulehan ............. 4.00 A. Calnan ............... 1-60 Gordon Bradley ........ 1.60 Jas. Cooney ............. 4.00 Harold Spear ............ 16.00 C. S\ Connolly ............ 35," F. A. Vanslyke ____...... 31.00 C. H. Winter ........... Lawrence McCollum...... 3.20 Fred Tripp .............. 3.20 Fred- Earl ............... 12.80 Alex Carruthers ......... 13.60 Chas. Jones ............. ?. 50 Stewart Nelson ......----- 1.10 W. F. Bonney............ 6.40 G. M. Creighton ........ Henry Burnham ......... 1.60 Don Bates ................ 1.60 Roy Merriam............ Ernest Harnden........ Frank Harnden ......... Chas. Lisle ............. Clayton Joice ......■...... 3.20 Jack Lisle ................ 6.40 Chas. Youngman ....... Jos. Tait ............... Wlm. Hie ................ 5.00 John O'Brien ............. 6.60 Robert Harren .......... Percy Fnaser ........... H. Pappineau ............ 1.60 Chas. Barker ............ 41.60 Don Lee................. 2.00 W. B. Ainsworth ......... 36.80 Harry Day ............. Jas. Hope ............... 3.20 George Boyle ........... Albert Birney ............ 1.50 J. Gimimell .............. 3.00 Wm. Ament ......'...... W. Rutherford .......... Gordon Smith ........... 7.20 H. Pappineau ............ G Leeman ............. G-. M. Creighton ......... 2.00 John E. Ferguson ....... Jack Cowey ............. 1-1.60 Elmer Bull .............. 27.00 Mrs. W. Chappel ....... Mrs. S. Bradley .......... 3.00 C. B. Turk .............. 3.00 Earl Boyle .............. 3.00 Wm- Cowper ............ 3 Cephus .Brislbin ........... 2 David Stevens ........... 20.00 Alfred Larry ............. 35.00 Albert Stock ............ 4.40 Moved by W. C. FinTey, seconded by Stanley McBride, That this Council adjourn to meet at Fenella. on Thursday. the 29th day of November. 1934. at. 1 p.m.--Carried. C. S. Rutherford, Clerk. KEEP PULETS WELL FED The time is at hand when pullets should be confined to their winter quarters', but the pens should first be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. Birds will not do their best work if infested with lice or mites. It is during the winter months that the birds make their best profits, and for this reason they should be housed and fed in a manner that will keep them healthy and vigorous. They will require a full ration of suitable feed, besides plenty of clean water, green feed, shell and grit. The change from the growing ra-. on to the laying mash should be made gradually. Home-grown grains cannot be sold for much on the market, and while they may form a large proportion of the birds' ration they do not supply all necessary ingredients for the production of eggs. The use " , high protein commercial mash mixed with chopped home-grown grains will give much better results grains alone. Poor printing--like other poor goods --may be bought at low prices. If you wish good printing you must pay a fair price. Try "The Express" for good work at reasonable prices. Read condensed ads on page 5 BRITISH APPLE MARKET Mr. Andrew Fulton, overseas fruit representative, reports that since arriving in England a few weeks ago, be has found the principal markets all heavily loaded with cheap English apples, with the result that ordinary quality Canadian apples are making comparatively low prices. On the other hand. Ontario dessert appb of out standing quality and colour pre meeting a good demand in Glasgow, Liverpool and the south of England. While seeing no hope for cooking apples or any variety short of colour making satisfactory prices before the New Year, Mr. Fulton is favourably impreslsed with the immediate prospects for red dessert ap-pies, providing that values ranging from 22'to 24 shillings are sufficiently remunerative to the shippers as he cannot see higher prices in sight for a while. In other words, if shippers can make sales in Ontario Tor such varieties as Snows, Scarlets and Mcintosh, at about $3.50 to $4.00 a barrel! f.o.b. car, then it looks like good business to sell locally. He advises Ontario shippers to place such' varieties as Baldwins, Ganos, Ben Davis, Greenings and Starks, with shredded oil paper and place them in cold storage until they are required after the New Year. There is no doubt that good quality apples are going to be scarce will make good values before the season is finished. The English apple crop is the largest in many years, the quality is generally very good, though practically every market has more that its share of inferior grades. Values are extremely low, a fact that is influencing the price of Canadian coloured Ontario Bartlets have met an unfavourable market. The pears have landed in excellent condition, but unfortunately many of them are very small this season, with the result that the market has not been as good if they had been larger. English pears are quite plentiful, as well as Cobourg. Oct. 22.^Mr. Justice Nicol Jeffery; in Assize Court here to-day, critized use of juries in civil actions d on fatal accidents.. Juries should be abolished in such instances, he said, saying that in nine times of ten a jury was not qualified GOOD CARE ESSENTIAL The properly balanced ration accomplishes wonderful results when fed to stock that is) rightly bred, well managed and correctly housed. Houses and equipment, such as brooders, feed hoppers, drinking pans, etc., that are sufficient to accommodate 100 chicks will not take care of of 500. Satisfactory growth cannot be made under such conditions. Growing stock needs lots of feed; provide a good grain feed and ,a good growing mash in hoppers so the birds c?n get it. The condition of a carcass when is marketed depends amlost entirely cr. the way the bird is cared for up to the time it is killed. This means the way in which it is grown way it is fattened for market. A poorly grown bird will not take on weight satisfactorily; its digestive organs have not developed sufficiently to handle the more or less concentrated feed that is fed during the fattening period, nor does the bird have the vitality to stand up under thi fattening process. WHEN TO APPLY LIME A test of the soil should be made to make sure that it requires lime. If the soil proves to be acid then the answer to the question when to apply lime might be "when you have time." Lime is for the benefit of all crops in the rotation, but particularly of benefit to legumes. The best time is possibly just before sowing a grain crop that is seeded down with alfalfa ! or clovers. Liming land plowed for fall wheat which is to be seeded with clover in the spring is a convenient and satisfactory practice. Lime is not a fertilizer, but simply nutriiizes the acidity of the soil and should be thoroughly worked into the soil during the preparation of a seed bed to become efficient. It is poor business to farm land that is lacking in lime and strongly acid in reaction. The productive power of the soil is reduced vJien it becomes acid. Correcting this condition with the use of ground limestone increases the efficiency of the manures and fertilizers applied and therefore contributes to the cutting down of costs of crop production. 1st patent $2.75 per cwt. CASH "MONEY-BACK" Plus 10% Guarantee Ensures Better Satisfaction for Bread, Cakes and Pastry I. PALEN Mill Phone 97 COLBORNE Residence Phone 79 Robin Hood Flour QUEENS HOTEL COLBORNE Under New Management FIRST-CLASS ACCOMMODATIONS at Reasonable Rates GARAGE IN CONNECTION Local Agent for HILL, THE CLEANER, TRENTON FELIX J. MURPHY, Proprietor Tinsmithing and Plumbing Complete Line of STOVES AND FURNACES STOVE PIPES AND ELBOWS A. B. MULHALL COAL No. 1 HARD WOOD HARD and SOFT PAINTS -- Inside and Out -VARNISH STAINS - ■ 85c quart, 45c pint - ENAMELS WALL PAPERS at REDUCED PRICES NOVELTIES China and Glass Ware FLOOR LAMPS New Style Parchment Lamp Shades -- 25c to $5.00 Jas. Redfearn & Son One Door East of Post Office - COLBORNE EXPRESS ADS. BRING RESULTS Ambulance Service TO OR FROM HOSPITALS AT REASONABLE RATES MeCracken & McArthur PHONE 118 COLBORNE man who braggs, "I run things I huse." usually refers to the I lower, washing machine, vacu-1 >aner, baby carriage and the COMMERCIAL PRINTING KINDS of Commercial Printing turned out Promptly and Efficiently at the office of :::::: : The Colborne Express Your Home Printer and Publisher is prepared to fill your requirements, and is a local industry deserving your patronage THE COLBORNE EXPRESS Phone 44 - - - - King Street