PAGE TWELVE. In the great advance made in mechani <i hn and construction there is prob no thing that has reached such! 'degree of perfection as the bridge en one speaks of a bridge it does not convey to the mind anything definite, as one knows that a bridge may mpan any kind of a structure HOW Seadi on thrown across a gully to those master pieces that span great rivers and acros which thunder heavy trains Bridge building 1s probably the oldest of the arts of man. Fven t primitive gentleman wi wis} shorten his rome either felled a else constructed a crude but Suspension bridge of wild' vine haps the idea SUSPENSic was gleaned fro as they held swung from tre first living bridge man bridge," bee melodrama To speak' of one o of a nm wa to to tree, on cach ot thus n which has, adopted into m n wigin ( is merely to speculate, but it I I probable that 'the Japa first to apply anything treatment to the structuree tion of the cantilever sy though effective For spanning a able wid laid ber, one side of connected them with a third balk A structure of this character still stands in Nikko and, though built more than ago, is in good condition the Romans, however, who demonstr: ited to the world the a% of building bridges that would not -or answer the needs of the day, but would withstand the wear of centuries. They were the first people to utilize stone, | and, with the application of the arch,' « gave to the world the first instance of | a structure of that character about 127 | B. C., when the Ponte de Rotto, Senators' Bridge, was built, Trajan built the most bridge of antiquity in the stone struc ture across the Danube, near Warkel. |b Hungary, it being 4,500 fect long and | i CENTRAL CAN ADA| EXHIBITION OTTAWA 'Sept. 18th to 26th, 1908 thie se > t { ike « by the adop- {I m, crude, | am of consider two balks of tim the tr they in cach 1h p b 1 ly | 8 « | W | | | | | I | | | | Displays will far excel year. Grand Pure Food Canadian Manufacturers. any previous Exh®bit * by,| Li «a Vaudeville Programme, one | at of, Grand Stand, in orse Races, { High C1 daily' in dition tc Entertainment will Comic Opera, "What by the famous le Company. Popular] The N L of the latest pened 'Then ?7'4 Hopper and all-star prices. consist Hap | ~ n A Grand Display of Ladies' Work will Open New $12,000 Building. Special Attractions in front of Grand fy Stand in the afternoon will | latest European , Novelty, Performing Cows.' his pears in Ottawa for the America. There will also sensational Ladies' Automol a spechlly constructed incline Paintings and the Handsome include the | "Del Oro's) ath Action first time Hy a ile Race double won by Balloon Races daily with a Parachute Descent from each Ball Prof. Hutchson and companion, Programme issued next Get the official month, T. C. BATE, President. E. McMAHON, Secretary, ming 17 wa b bank, and | tl its appearance ward th ind or | the | remarkable | ag railroad engineers, Ted s of Skill in Driving and Pen- Woltk| ! Ses PTE THE DAILY ii Ll wag, LHodern Bollrmg Lif E Brezd fe 0 feet wide were 20 arches and the roadway 150 f hig I'his structure, how Adriz the rd a passage- | ness a 1 the north '1 > he Roman upbn as most companies wood was largely | bridges, but tructural for by the railroad In the used for ¢ mereas nd it became m an concrete yreat reache stone early days 1 ructing weak epg up, iron terial OF are use s wide foundations are in on retext t v aff cul but bu were looked Nis 4 1 kind NOE « 1e of 0} nd, hence ng res Europe hav ! » pl sar- 1071 Tr! OT Wra { stone | ils m- | \ truct . f ind « t ron did not n | until to iteenth century, | been great | mat 1 1sion latter form of con claiming attention, re-enforced the ys an on 1 ike traffic with these lgework eplaced deed, entirely bit st chan ut since tride 10st IVE 1a very are short time; eri: the rete re - the air pans con material { highway 50 rete no d f | 1% approaci future | | Throughout the nt of bri nuabi, O bank necess on either ary to ma sometimes a deep fill ind is made tc he the advance | Sometimes i railroad, and | deep cut and hat improvements have :n made in | the latter case the earth is brought ridge work have been 1 made by | the site in small cars and dump od wr and have been paid the embankment is somplet ed. iy lee the o¢ TRIALS FOR SHEEP DOGS. le of owner of th | ear the pen far end. A rope is secured the ¢ 11 ang 0 arm ake gure the { bounds it b wisdom that ning. » does ow t weath ad-| lo hardly warmed y see how he ompetitor is cau work. He care to timid creatures, | 1 mas sterly manner rot 1 with evident his task de 1 wom y to his pro any We harry yards not 1 nd i His by the Owe waving a mute Ho and orders with w much pa companion understand the uniniti- mjecture il obeys the ension hour | to this perf man an can only c ny compreh how many ve Je tween anger scarcel ceds aswell , the import which hi in driving hurdles, by puttin instance the up a f the tiny 1 m urth sheep turn on heir nd feet, many blandishments lk into my par- course, fixed, and five I see my farmer, his head. making in them In this stampage only after onsent to "'w time limit is, of minutes for nutes for to the | neigh a sheep Obs pe of open and tl charges them outside rules ave gatewa dog's duty tacies 1¢ between Pe stout, out his watch I'he next is pp ie faced and shake a juvenile, the dog with and wategs t "are work of | » | when the wisdom | SCHOOL BOOTS, Regular $1.25 for $1.00 Children's Boots ™ Dongola Box Calf, Buttoned, Laced or Blucher Cut. Sizes 5 to 7}. Girls' and little Gent's strony Boots. Sizes 8 to 10. Misses' Good Pebble Boots, solid insoles. These boots will make good school boots. $1.00 Per Pair. H. JENNINGS, King St. NEW MACHINE SHOP. A call is dnvited for all kinds of general manufacturing and machine repaigng. Special work such as machine sharpening Rwn mowers {we have the only machine in the city for this purpose)--repairing sewing ma guns; phonographs, scales, razors, tools, dres; brazing, model 1 pattern Salk ing. Best of attention given all wor Re irs may be tested before leaving shop 'ork guaranteed, prompt. Work outside city ly attended to. Charges moderate, 3 Ww good HUNTER, Machinist, 30 Montreal (near Princess) Kingston, Orders taken St, and A. Vanluven's Parcel at Simmons Dros. Delivery. " Wn Wii % \ Ne 7 Ny Pop's son at the Agricultural College sent his dad such a clever puzzle letter that he put it in a ir ame. Can you decipher the letter, which gives the oldman. a scienti fic tip on crops 2 = REE CLR ET ---- pes SR 3 20 EE SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER dy . Te Cornpleled Pier: Brady Lor the lron Work In the tween t ae that involved are meantime work on the he banks is started, and it is in foundations for these piers amount of labor is In the beds of rivers quick often encountered, necessita sinking of caissons to eat In such cases compressed air lis used, and huge steel bottomless boxes | ar down from 75 feet to and filed rete is_placed irs of the shafts to the | greates 50 to with the arise ced round cor Casson and thus ed level I'hen begins f th the work of monlder The iron work, havin carefully set up and taken apart at the foundry and each part marked, is ship ped to the site. Wherever possible the engineers build from each to ward the centre, thus effecting a time, but often it impossible this and all has to be done from one iron- g¢ been side is to do cn d Beginning Spot rails a on which long booms, on the very edge of the he bridged there erected on raveller, a curious framework are two or more de cs with | With the his first appearance in pei, He begins well, 'but becomes nervous ahd flurried and drives »f the course face makes him pause in hered one waves his stick at last m defiance of it in a mild expostulation what be " farmer use, mon? t'dorg gite at yam thing, too," dryly indecision eN ntically, ve language ind a gay turns, middling, busmess. - Yet the gpectators rather their interest ens ime_goes on. The | waning when we have the most exciting | event of 'Why, neighbor "T'larl , SOM throug never tired quick as t n all tlarl' 'un wing," announce my slim black:tyke with down his muzzle. He self-possession th of un" 1s a 1 streak of white is-a dog of infinite | walks wly past the heads | sheep out even glancing at them, { though mysteriously they always turn the ction he desires. When every sbistacle in the course has been success fully passed he has an extra minute for penning. and this critical business is performed twiith the eases of a king of his craft. He must be well within time as his master puts up the hurdles, t! { latter his part so badly that tl sheép neatly escape, for the man is ob viously much more agitated than the beast. A deep northern "Hurray!" greets the return of the victor, but he | re ny ins the image of bored indifference not even wag his tail. Ww mn dire 1e and does When goods to be kept for gewerations in the farmhouses, are presented, wi hile lads and lassies press round to pat the successful dogs, the true heroes of the day, who have striven and triumphed | for the sake of glory alone. How To- Stop Cold Sores. When vou first notice the swelling and uncomfortable feeling of the skin that marks the coming Cold Sore, ap- ply Wade's Ointment. It will quickly Dove it. It heals wherever applied and cures Eczema (Salt Rheum), Burns, Piles, Blotches, Sore Feet, Dandruff, and all scaly or itching eruptions of the skin. In big boxes, at Wade! s Drug Stere. It lis better occasionally to do a foolish act of charity than to com- mit the folly of an uncharitable life. The man who can make children smile does not need to worry over his inability to preach sermons. saving | piers be- | | | ng ifon beams are swung into tion and held until squads of men can bolt them together. Then follows a gang oi riveters with portable furnaces and presently there is a portion of the bridge solidly put up As the bits of gon are, put the traveller moves forwar only when the rod has be its portion of the work completed American engineers have d some {of the finest specimens of ste and iron bridges in world: mn gh | dn onr engineers stand in t estim { of foreigners and so rapidly do our mills turn out the necessary iron work that American firms have captured scores of © in South America, { Africa, Rus Asia and other countries where new railroads are being built Of suspension bridges the most not- examples in the world are to'be in New York across the East and Hell Gate, but one of the posi- together stopping n set and erecte sO racts He found River | his' sheep to the wrong side | The sight of his master's | | twer afternoon 'is | all is over the prizes, silver | the | most interesting suspension bridges' is in a Colorado cangen. It became neces- sary to devise sole sort of a structure to enable a railroad to skirt the edge of a cliff but above thg flood mark of I ------ A GIGANTIC CHIMNEY G.T.R. 'Being (Erected at Stratford. wonders of engineering are being unfolded at the hew G the gigantic chimney in the of construction will stand in the rank, says the Stratford (Ont.) referring to building opera- tions under way in that city. Whe he great stand will all the . shops, course front Herald, stack will tip, and mass of bars. tig nc 8 m mpl feet base to lid steel fre cot reinfore {The eat tube inds on a foundation 1 squar Embedded in concrete of the foundation 1s a per t net work of diagonal and rectan- gular steel bars similar to-those in the walls of the chimney Reaching up from the mass of and concrete are 168 steel bars form remforcement © for the twenty feet of the tube. Their m ber gradually decre until when top 1s re ed only twelve bars are bedded in the w the base of the chimney : fteen inches in thickness and con- tain a four-inch-air chamber, which en CPre the stack has openings lead ing' from it to the outer air. 'Khe ob- ject of this air space is to equalize the temperature of the outer and inner walls, and thus reduce the possibility of the concrete cracking to a minimum. Fhis air continues up the sfack for enty-eight feet, where it opens inner, or smoke tube proper. he inside diameter of stack is 7 feet 6 inches, and the outer and inner walls stand parallel with each other. The Weber Co., of Chicago, have the contract for the work. The whole of the reinforcement used lin the construction is the fmest tee | steel, of dimensions 114 x 14 inches by | threc-sixteenths. i LC --------------) Put Her Rival To Flight, The Gentlewoman. steel which first mm the m hve 1S€S ach the walls space se mto the Erection ar fhe Borer Strmkrmp Ere Clssvan: + the stream. | After considering the location it was | decided that the only kind of a bridge | adaptable would be a hanging structure, {and thus it was built, tied to the ¢liff at | the platform but hung by rods by the | outer edges. i | Following the bridge as a means of | crossing streams came the conversion of { bridges into a means of defense for -| castles and even towns. These bridges | were the first of the movable type and {were used chiefly as bascules or draw- | bridges to span the moats surrounding | the point of Jefense. Being of short span but little iron was used 4n their construction. They revolved or lifted about a hingle, pivot or trunion in a crtical direction, and were sometimes Sons iterbal: need similar to a see-saw. Fhey were very effective, but upon the introduction of gunpowder and cannon they ame obselete, did the moat | and other forms of defense of the perio:l With the advance of civilization and the spanning of wide and decp water | courses it became necessary 40 provide for the interests of shipping which had proportionately Thus came of the drawbridge at re as i i advanced the introduction the nnel The mediaeval pivot or trunion bridge was early applied to the purpose, but it was not until the nin nth century that there was much devel pment in the movable bridge, when iron was largely substituted for wood For more than half a century the most distinguished engineers of Great Britain "wrestled with the problem of erecting a bridge across the Thames River in the vicinity of the Tower of London. Owing to lowness of the banks it was not feasible to build a suby account of the great grades necessitated nor was it feasible to build a high level bridge for the same reason. The desire to have the channel as wide as possible precluded the use of the swing bridee with its central pier. s¢ there was but Fused Joints. and will remain so. the "Hecla" furnace to buy. or dust. of fuel. one type left--the bascule--and it was hdopted. is structure ranks as the finest of its kind in the world. It required eight years to build and represents an. outlay of $4,000,000, of which $500,000 was ex pended for the artistic émbellishment of the towers. In view of the bridge hay ing a span of waterway 200 feet in w.dth it stands for the highest developmentof that type. At the same time, owing to its slowness of operation and expomsc of maintenance, it also marks the cul mination of the bascule, for since it was completed, in 1804, no large bridge of that character has been bmlt. In. this country, however, the bascule received but little attention, every effort being directed toward the swing, sus: pension and high level types, and there are many remarkable structures that will stand as monuments to their build | ers In water-front cities where navigable waters thread their way into the very heart of fhe business district, the prob lem of bidges is all the greater. The swing bridge is highly objectionable on account of its central pier; indeed, the conditions confronting' the engineers were identical with those that perple xed the Britishers. About 1893 William Scherzer, now de ceased, invented a new type of bridge which bears his name, and which 1s known as a "rolling life," a modem adaptation of the bascule, with the ad vantages of cheaper construction and higher efficiency. It is capable of a greater span than a swing bridge and when open it forms a positive barrier on either side. This bridge has opened a new era in the spanning of narrow waterways an not only is it coming into general use in this country but a structure of the type has been erected across the great Neva River leading to the Winter Pal ace of the Czar of Russia at St. Peters- burg. the Fused Joint idea in "Hecla" Furnaces No dust can escape through "Hecla" They are absolutely tight That is what makes the safest and most sanitary It supplies only pure and fresh warm air, without a trace of gas ' The "Hecla" is economical in the consumption The Steel Ribbed (Patented) Fire Pots, which have twice as much radiating surface as any other style of fire pot, draw a great deal of heat from the fire that in other furnaces would be sent out of the chimney. Our catalogue tells: more about these snd other exclusive features of *<Hecla" construction. Clare Bros. & Co. Limited, Preston, Ont, KINGSTON AGENTS : ELLIOTT BROS, One of our young gociety women has | a very good looking husband of whom she is most proud. Having noticed that this gentleman was paying marked at- tention to" a lady in her own set kept a careful watch and was fortunate | hus-' band's papers a number of letters writ- enough to discover among her ten by the said lady. Econom the chief point of merit in the She then reflected as to what course | she should pursue. and at last hit upon a strange plan. From among the correspondence the lady selected four letters, posted them on the back of her fam, and then ac- companied her husband to a where she knew uld meet rival. It was not Jong bef attracted the attention of who asked The fan hand, and when it reached the rival she turned crimson and under the pretext a sudden indisposition withdrew the guests, Not Affected By Hot Air, Baltimore 'American "Truth," sententiously remarked the press agent, who had just proffered a 'true story that really happened," "lies at the bottom of a well." Yes," drearily remarked the dramatic editor, "and it is one of the things which hot air can't raise from there." 'It takes move than the hatred of certain sinners to make you a Sainte. dinner | her | ore the fan | to be allowed to look at it. | then passed from hand to She thought long | Universal Favorite. and bake perfectly : MANUFACTURED BY FINDLAY BROS. CO, Limited, "SIE% Carleton Place, Ontario. of fuel 1s It will astonish you how long you can run a fire with a scuttle of coal in this your old Stove took armfuls of wood, a handful will do. the same work on the Range. Where Every Range is guaranteed to cook