THE BRITISH PREFERENCE A Master Stroke on the Part of | the Laurier Govern. ment. i MADE CANADA PRE-EMINENT | n Heart of the Empire--Had Marvelous Effect on Eng- lish Nation. RESULTING TRADE GROWTH I Lee [he Bond Between Dominion and Mother Land Greatly Strength- ened by This Policy. ee fp nannn The Liberal party deserves the full- st credit for the diligence, wisdom, und success with which it has labored lor the building up of trade between Sanada and Great Britain. The pre- yminent position held by Canada in te British Empire is due. to a large he De a he a :xtent, to the adoption of this wise ws os ws a + meio THIS COUNTRY DEMANDS ONLY MODERATE TARIFF he English nation. and did much to- wards making Canada better known han before. This policy was the more appreciat- +d becauss it was voluntary on the | Work of Making Harmony, Which Laurier Has Been Doing in Racial art of Canada; not the result of any . . . s sargalning. but the spontaneous grant- Matters, Is Being Accomplished by Fielding ng of special advantages to our co- in Fiscal Affairs. sitizens of the Empire. Nevertheless t did help our own country financial- w, 80 that our trade with Great Britain| In his Massey Hall speech, after re- | up with the success ol manufacturing went up by leaps and bounds, and it|ferring to the work done by Sir Wi- | Industry. ypened up a new fleld for co-operation | sua y1aurier in making ha ony be- The Minister of Finance intimated he e te a that unless this question was very | tnd mutual help to all the territorial | men of aifferent races and 1 ilvisions of the British Empire { carefully handled there was danger of | { The resulting development of good- creeds, Mr. Fielding sald that In the | 53 sectional conflict between the man- ill and mutual respect is too well |Tevision of the tariff it was necessary | ufacturing East and the agricultural | illustration or | to work along somewhat similar lines. i West. It is true that the West has | tnown to need any proof. It finds expression every day { In the meetings of the Tariff Commis- | manufacturing industries, and will | m business, literature, and inter-com- | Sion he sometimes adopted the plan of | have more. But, on the whole, agricul-! nunication. Canada would not occupy presenting the case against each depu- | ture will be for many years the dom- | 10 high a position as she does, were it tation as it appeared. He would ask | inant industry of the country between | sot for the wisdom that planned, and |the manufacturer to consider the case | the Red River and the Rocky Moun- the energy that carried through, the | Of the consumer. He would remind the { tatns, and the people will be disposed preferential tariff policy, which has | farmer that his prosperity was bound | to chafe against any restriction of brought money to our shores, enlarged | -- i ---- te rn - _-- i ---------------- sur trade. and made the necessities | x 0 NS ------ THE CONQUERING OF WESTERN CANADA.--NO. 5--THE COMMISSARIAT TRAINS. A series of eight cartoons drawn by Mr. C. W. Jefferys representing the conquest of Canada for olvilization and their liberty to buy their supplies where they please. : On the other hand, expression Is sometimes given in the East to a feel - ing that the West has been butlt up by Eastern money and ,that Eastern manufacturers are entitled to a return in the form of a protective tariff which will insure them the Western market. Obviously this is a case for careful randling and moderation. If there were a demand for free trade, it might be necessary to remonstrate with the Western farmer. But in this part of Canada at least, the extreme against which it is necessary to guard shows itself in demands for great increases in the tariff. We must not push the West too hard, nor carry too far the | contention that the East has put the West under a tremendous obligation by building rallroads and bringing 'In immigrants. There is danger of pro- voking a reaction which will show it- self in force as the growth of popu- lation causes the centre of political power to move westward. All protec- | tive tariffs rest upon the consent of the | people, and Western Canada, when | thickly populated, would be a power- | ful addition to anti-protection senti- | | ment. A moderate tariff is a politi- | cal necessity In Canada; as much al politieal necessity as a policy of free- | dom and equality In religion. | | if life cheaper for our own people, Some idea of the effect of this pol- ky. and other features of our present tdministrative system. upon the mag- | situde and trend of our business deal- hgs with other communities, may be | fathered from the following statements 'oncerning the last fiscal year of Con- | tervative rule, and the fiscal year which recently closed | 1. Total trade of Canada, that is the \ggregate value of all Canadian im- | 'orts and exports for vears named: 328 . . $216,966,232 | 638.380,251 | n Tota! trade with Great Britain. | at is, the value of imports into Can 1da from Great Britain, and exports. 'rom Canada to Great Britain: | 1496 908 i 290 3. Imports from Great Britain Tanada 206 1908 fr from United States $53,529,300 * foregoing figures are mos i-} rincing evi t con | lence of the effect of the | efo : preferential tariff {n directing into our | 'ommerce with Great Britain a great teal of business that wou 1 " "ite Id have ben 5 SM ' SAS NR NE SW ttteny 1 the United States Instead notherland if the old 1 of our Conservative cy had been pontinued The fact the result has been very benefi- slal to Canada Is strikingly shown In | the increasing market that we have | the men who are ¢ wm : emo SE 'ound in England for our surplus pro- | aggrieved because the tariff? was | ucts, as shown in the follow | not sufficiently reduced, and who | statement : : ng | ttinks that in this respect the Li J | " platform of 1893 has not been carried Value of goods exported from Can- | out. ada to Great Britain: | Not at all. Mr. Doherty is a high 189 rym 1506 E2123 us sere 42 oan 62.717 941 | eral Government \ gone y far es > ay.» 126,194,124 | tcward carrying out tu .iberal -plat- | Originally the form of the preferen- firm of 1893. n 1 low tariff 4} t as ductio . | advocate, he is ir 16 vanced . . . al tariff was a reduction of one | aavocates of the ry he 1 hry for Tupper"s Gloomy Predictions Did Not Come True -- As Liberals Would Have Been Blamed for Adversity, They Should eighth in the cus utie ¥ 1 5 le customs duties levied | 4. alteration of policy X iev apon goods coming from Great Rri it adequate 'protecti W tain. Later on, the reduction was | few years give Canada a y A enty li "Vote for shanged to o-quarte £1) | twenty millions. ged to one-quarter of the auty. | hich favors » protection of and subsequently the preference was |{ndustries." } A so adjusted as to be not only advan-| Thus the Liberal Government ! -- lageous to Great Britain, but also | Plamed for carrying out the pl one % In 1897, when the first Fielding tariff adapted to encourage Canadian indus- | 1893, and for not carrying it out. It iF | baitted Pariament, . Str , : ; blamed because the tariff is too high | was submitt to arliament. ry. On the whole, the preference now and because the tariff is too low. V rverages about Sn third of the gen- |. . of tariff policy is likely to e i Cuslomns Pa ie, : % nate from a party which takes thes servative Opposition, said "the indus- The preferential tariff is only one opposite positions? 3 a number of reforms that have al -- ------ ready been achleved by the Liberal party, such as reduction of postal} THE TWO RECORDS. rates, anti-dumping legislation, sup- | Figures Show Striking Contrast Be- Over the destruction of Canadian in- pression of the oplum traffic, civil ser- | tween Liberal and Conservative dustries. I was reading the wall, the rice reform, extensions of Provincial | Rule. iustries as 8 1 I , 8 boundaries, cold storage facilities, and | "The Conservatives spent nmioney Sorrowful wail, of these industries In many other public benefits all RE AM Shh abn 4 with the sound progressive prinel government for the good of all spent it when we dld have it to spend." | facturer after another declared that terests of the whole community, t! This sent » from Mr. Fleldi { special favors for any class, is the ob- | lect for which the Libéral party ex-| Its and strives and clearest Get Full Credit | Charles Tupper, then leader of the Con- tries of this country are already par- alyzed, while hcnorable members gloat when they did not have it to spend; we | the Montredl Gazette. where one mannu- those industries were ruined, that Massey Hall speech puts in the bri possible form the differ- neial record of saw staring them in the face a return | their mills might close. and that they THE CHARGES VARY. to the deplorable state of things that Se < existed when the hon, gentleman who Some Borden Supporters Want One |™ '° n vears subsequent Thing, Some Another. cog y of the La Mr Thomas Doherty, of Sarnia, {is | Gover T K the vast expen- of the fiscal policy of this country. I put forward by the Conservative press | Situres or =p Dn a as say that a deeper wrong was never I lr ao ato Co ot | inflicted upon Canada. So far from re- is au lfelong Liberal, who carnot sup- | the col port the Laurier Government because | revenue © joicing at it from a party standpoint. ! re from the bottont of my heart or its tariff policy Those who are|over fi 'amiliar with the usual line cf attack | Yo p . 3 t _ . 1 uin that is going to be inflicted interests of Canada. and last addressed the House was in charge sr the Government w : S Ii i supposa that Mr. Doherty | « vod § re v.tw 1 j0l- | up it ndustries." ader or a revenue tariff mar > r Charles Tupper really and sin- | THE CONQUERING OF WESTERN CANADA.--NO. 6. A series of eight oons di Mr. C. W. Jeffe rys representing the conquest of Canada for civilization and | Seas emwiie HELPED PROSPERITY --THE VOLUNTEERS. for Prosperity. PU cerely deplored from the bottom of his heart the ruin that he saw In the fu- ture. he must be now rejoicing at the dispelling of his fears. In five years of Liberal Government the capital in- | vested in manufacturing industries was | increased bv $387,000,000, the wages | were increased by $48,906.000, the value | of products from $225,393,000. In tweive | years of Conservative administration | the exports of manufactures were $69,- { 000,000. In twelve years of Liberal ad- ministration. the exports of manufact- tures were $214,000,000. Suppose Sir Charles Tupper's fears | had been realized. Does anyone sup- | pose for one moment that the Liberal] Goverhment would not have been hei responsitle for every ruined Industry, every deserted factory. every desolated workman's home in the land? Practi- cally nothing else would have been talked of. The Liberal Government would have been smashed as the Mac- | kenzie Government was smashed A | 1878. Then 13 it fair that a Liberal] Government shall bear the burden of] adversity. and shall have no share in the credit for prosperity? LAURIER AND THE LARGER CANADA SUPPLEMENT Canada's Onward March Phenomenal Advance Under Laurier in All Lines of Industrial Enterprise The figures which follow give in succinet form the story of Canada's progress, in the principal lines of industrial enterprise, under the Laurier Government. Where possible comparison has been made between 1896 and the latest year for which statistics are available. In some cases, asin manufacturing, it has been impossible to do this, as 1896 was not a " census year." The whole story is one of amazing advancement and marvelous development under the most progressive Government that has ever held power iff Canada. EXPANSION OF COMMERCE "rey ae CRETE "es Total trade, 1896.. Total trade, 1908.. Increase Exports, Canadian products, 1896 Exports, Canadian products, 1908 Increase .. .....sse00i.. savers The above are figures which speak. And they do not lie. They tell in a-word of the wonderful expansion which has taken place in our trade with other countries in the twelve years the Laurier Government has been in power. In 1896 the aggregate of our exports to and imports from other countries, exelu- sive of coin and bullion, was $217,000,000. ' In 1908 the aggregate was $598,000,000, The increase in the twelve years was $381,000,000. The increase in 1908 over the total trade of 1896 was $164, 000,000. Taking our export trade alone the showing is equally satisfactory. The exports of Canadian products in 1896 were valued at $106,000,000. The exports of like products in 1908 reached a value of $247,000,000. The increase in this case was $141,000,000. GROWTH IN THE WEST Immigrants arriving in West and settling on farms in five years, 1891-98 ...... 23.292 Immigrants arriving in West and settling on farms in five years, 1901-6 .. -------------- 128,800 Acres put in crop in 1895 by Immigrants arriving in previous 5 years .408,139 Acres put in crop in 1906 by immigrants arriving In 5 years prior to that date .... 1,452,701 "Growth" is scarcely the word to describe the onward rush which has character- ized the West of late years. Stagnation has given place to abounding progress. Des- pair has made way for compelling hope. It is really a new West that exists to-day. At the end of 1895 less than 23,000 immigrants, who had arrived during the previous five years, were settled on Western farms. In 1906 the number of immigrants so settled, who had arrived subsequent to 1900, was 128,800. In the addition to crop acreage resulting from immigrant labor the result is equally remarkable. RAILWAYS KEEP PACE Mileage in operation, 1896 "an es in 16,270 Mileage in operation, 1807 ... .. 22,462 Passengers Carried, 1896 ... ...... "Ah teh may "sas Passengers Carried, 1907 . . "one sass 82,137,000 Tons Freight Moved, 1396 v . . Tons Freight Moved, 1907 .. - - The mileage of Canadian rgilways in 1907 was about 40 per cent. in advance of that of 1896. The expansion in traffic was vastly greater, passenger travel having much more than doubled while the lume of freight was well nigh trebled. A MINES YIELD OF THEIR RICHNESS Value Output of Mines in 1901 wis iswsdas case as +4.348,000,000 Output of same In 1907 . . seartssevtiiaacieeienrrnrnnes $86,000,000 To the progressive policy pursued in the Yukon, the opening up of the Crow's Nest Pass region, and the wise course followed along other lines, is largely due the fact that Canada, as shown by the figures just given, is rapidly taking her place among the foremost producers of the world in the riches of the mine. MANUFACTURING DEVELOPMENT Value of output of factories in 1901 "rus . $481,000,000 Value of output of factories in 1906 .s . $113,000,000 $718,000,000 Salaries and wages pald im factories, 1901 Wages pald In factories, 1908 $134,000,000 With the opening up of the West, the growth in wealth due to the expansion of our foreign trade, and enlarged mineral development, new life has been infused into manufacturing enterprises as well. 'Development along this line has been aided, too, by the wisdom shown in so readjusting the tariff as to relieve consumers and manufac- turers alike of hampering restrictions previously imposed. BANKS GROWING WITH THE GROWTH OF THE COUNTRY Bank ital 1d hb 1898 vies wrness i ve sss as $62,000,000 Bk cin Tall on 1907 3 LL... $96,000,000 Notes | freulation, 1896 es dee «. + $81,000,000 Note bs ehachation, 1007 $75,000,000 De its, 1896 Deoshts, 1997 $655,000,000 The financial interests have felt the momentum which has been given to all lines of industrial enterprise. As a result the volume of bank notes in circulation has much more than doubled, while the prosperity of the country generally is shown by the swell. ing of the funds on deposit in chartered banks from $193,000,000 to $655,000,000. ONWARD MARCH IN INSURANCE Fire Insurance at risk, 1896 Fire Insurance at risk, 1907 $1,616,000,000 Income Straight Life Companies, 1896 ... Income Straight Life Companies, 1907 $37,000,000 The story of progress in banking is duplicated in that which sets forth the ex- panding business of insurance companies. Notwithstanding the wonderful growth of mutual fire and life insurance organizations, the amount at risk by regular fire com- nanies has almost doubled in eleven years, while the income of straight life companies has increased wgll nigh four fold. ENLARGED POSTAL SERVICE Post-offices in existence, 1896 'ava Post-offices in existence, 1908 .. Letters carried, 1896 Letters carried, 1908 Value money orders issued, 1896 Value money orders issued, 1908 306,000,000 The abounding activity in all industrial lines has naturally called for an extension of the country's postal facilities. The demand has been fully met by the progressive Government now in power. Nearly 3,000 new post-offices have been established in twelve years; apd such provision has been made for meeting the demands of the people that considerably over three times the number of letters were carried in 1908 that were carried in 1896. # Now another and most important further step is being taken by providing for the organization of a rural mail delivery service. Truly, THE NAME OF LAURIER STANDS FOR THE GREATER CANADA { A SI A i Ue