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By Admiral Mahan, 8 Famous Ameri- can Officer, Who Enjoins British Democracy to be Equal to its Inheritance. Admiral A. T. Mahan, of the Cail States navy, who is regarded as t most sagacious writer upon sea power that the present i duced, has attracted immense atten- tion in Europe by an article in the Loudon Daily Mail. in which he gives earnest warning that, through the apathy of British voters and states men, Pritish naval supremacy i§ . bo longer adequately maintained. The article is, in part, as follows : This is the f tal condition which the Dritish democracy of to-day has to recognize as regards their na- tional 'security, upon which their eco- nomic future--their food, clothing, and thht they stand face 1o face with a nation (Germany) onedourth more numerous than them- selves, and one more Wighly organized for the sustainment by force of a na- tional. policy.' It is so because it has a government more efficient in the or- dering of national life, in that it can be, and is, more consecutive in. pur- pose, than one balanced unsteadily pon -the shoulders of a shifting popu- lar majority. Fortunately for Great Britain the popular tradition of the national peed for awgreat navy still supplies to some extent and for the moment a steadying hand, but to one following from a distance the course of British action in late years it cer- tainly has seemed that this convie- tion is less: operative, that its dlaims to allegiance are less felt and more disputed. Yet, in case of national re vorse following upon national failure to prepare, it is the democracy, the voters, who will he responsible; the voters also who will suffer. Three Wars Without Blows, The prolonged formal peace which Europe has enjoyed for thirty years affords a precise illustration of the in- eflectiveness of populaces to realize external dangers. Continuance of peace induces a practical disbelief in the possibility of war, and practical disbeliefs soon result "in practical act- ion, or non-aetion. Yet observant men know that thereshave been at least three wars in this so-called period of peace; wars none the less because no blows were exchanged, for force de termined the issues. The common phrase for such transactions is "the risk of war has been averted." The expression is dangerously misleading because it is supposed that the con- trolling element in this conclusion has been the adroiiness of statesmen, whereas the existence and calculation of force have been really determina tive. Foree, too, not merely in the raw matevial, but the organized force of avmies and navies ready--or un- réady--to move. Such misconception is peculiarly liable to arise in communities insular by position like Great Britain, or re- mote from the great nations the world as is the United States. MInsular democracies are lax and in- efficient in preparation for war, and in natural consequence their wars have been long and expelsive. But wars in the future eannot be long though they may be expensive: expensive of much iate cost; expen: give in advantage lost and in indem- nities exac Democracies cdn no Tonger. afford to neglect preparation, relying upon their strength of endur- ance and faculty for recovery whith probably may exceed that of less free insthtitions. The time for recovery will not be conceded to them any more than it is by a capable general to a routed foe. The only provision of time for recovery open to modern con- ditions is the time of preparation. Rritain's Vast National Wealth. What reason je there in the nature of things that the British democracy should pot remain an army propor: tionately as great as that of Gefma- ny! None, except that the British de moernay will + not. The national wealth is vastly greater; but notwith- standing this, which indicates not on- ly 'a certain greater powér but a much greater stake, the national will so te prepare not exist: Many distin- guished Englishmen 'advocate meas ures tending to this result--to the na- sion in arms; but I doubt i anyone Britain expects to 'the fleet; and it is fhe democracies that soe it. J There remains privilege of insular they can pursue the jot tenor of their way behind the bulwark of a fleet cfficient in numbers--that is, in intrinsic worth. But note that a State thus favored is militarily in the it will be granted, but it does not in- validate the fact that the mass of citizens are paying a do their fighting for them. It follows mass can do in sell: pect as for security is to pay am: and tinorly for the efficiency of the they taus employ. If they do not "with their persons," as the French say, they should with their cash. Bat the only adequate payment is timely | payment---preparation. generation has pro- | J "Nes, . jand THE DAILY BRITISH WHIG, SATURDAY, JULY 30. 1910. : ol taken as a whole with many parts, 'demands first the security of the Piritish islands as the corper stone of ithe fabric; and, mvond, the security of each of the outlying parts, This {means substantially British control, {in power if mot in presence, the. 'communications between the central kingdom and the dominions. This relation is essentially the same as that oi a military base of operations {16 the front of the operations them- sédves, | : | The New Grouping. | In the present condition of Europe {the creation of the German fleet, with /ite exjsting and proposed development 'has necessitated the concentration. in British waters of more than four {fifths of the disposable British battle force. These facts constitute Germany the immediate antagonist of Great Britain. I do mot say for a moment {that this manifests Germany's pur pose; 1 simply state the military and international fact without inference as to motives, The geographical mtua- ition of the two states sepraduces pres cisely that of England and Holland in the early days of Cromwell. It was Inot till the mations had fought and lithe Dutch were reduced, less battle Ithan by trade destruction, that the relief of pressure in the North Sea | enabled English action abroad. The British navy te-day has in great degree abandoned the Mediterranean {for: a similar concentration. Over {four-filths" of the battleship force is 'in the "Home" and "Atlantic" divi- 'gion, . The Mediterranean has al- {len from eleven battleships in 1899 to six in 1910, and these six are of dis- | tinctly inferior power. hat 1s the contemporary significance of this fact reproductive of a situation near three conturies ago? Constitutive, 100, of a «ituntion now novel; for during more than two cenfurics British prepon- deratice in the Mediterranean bas been a notable international factor. The significance, as read by an outsider, is that in the opinion of the government, under present conditions of prepara tion, the security of the British Jslands requires the weakening, al most to abandonment, of the most delicate, yet very essential, link in the systema of communicgtions of the Em- pire. ---- em. Pogee Only a Dream. It ié entirely true that for the mo- ment the naval concentration at home, coupled with the tremendous posit- jonsl advantage of Great Britain over German trade routes, constitutes a great measure of security: and furth- er, that the British waters, occupied as they now are, do effectually inter- pose Ietween Germany and the British oversea dominion. The meanacing feature in the future is the apparent indisposition and slacknoss of the new voters of the last half-century, over against the resolute spirit and tremen- dous faculty for organizing strength evident in Germany. ? In a recent American magazine a German writer, reported to be a trust- od confidential friend of the Emperor, has said, "The weak man cannot trust his judge, and the dream of the peace advoonte is nothing but q dream." The concerfration of the hattle fleet in home waters is correct; the relative abandonment of the Mediterranean for that purpose, if for' 'the moment only, is likewise correct, especially as the "Atlantic" Fleet 'may be consider- intermediate body, a reserve. able te move eastward or southwest as condiitons require; but the clear re. hu ténce to acquiesce in presant naval requirements is ominous of a day when the Mediterranean may pass ou! # the sphere of Rritish influenca. cont ed round the British Islands ex- eli sively. This will symbolise; if does not at once accompany, the pas- sing of the Empire; for a hostile fore in the Mediterranean controls not ony an interior line--as compayed with the cape route--but an injerior position, from which it is operative against the Atlantic as well as in the east. It is difficult to overstate the effect of this upon th: solidity of the em- pire, for the Mediterranean is one of the great central positions of the mar- itime world. A weakened =Mediter- ranean force is the symptom that neither 4s principal nor as ally may Great Britain be able to play the part hitharto assumed by her in the great drama of which the awakening of the fenst is the present act; while nmony the dramatis personae are Egvpt, "In. dia, Australie, and New Zealand. el an Wise Elephants. Elephants, those animal sages that are Gopstantly changing keepers, be come se wise. and know so much about the tricks of the trade and human ra- ture in general that they finally will wot work for any man. It is doubtful if there is a bull elephant more than fifty vears old performing in the coun- try. They have mot "gone bad," os the showmen say, but have learned too much, picked up from their keep ers; and they cannot be worked with safety. An elephant that is going to make trouble turns his back on his in- body of men to [ETeat with his trusk and hurls him perhaps twuisy feet away, following swiftly to erush the life from his ly with kis mighty knees, - C ---------------- ph Free Use of Cosmetics. Utica Globe. of the extravagant use of vew York, a witticism is Jd Vanderbilt. ° said the Indy: "They're rich etty, too. It's odd they don't B dant "wy said Mr. V In 185--the American ship Seminole, making a trip around the world, tarp ed the Cape of Good Hope and point- ed north-westward on the Atlantic ocean. The Seminole had left = New York four years before, trading along the South American coast, Japan and other countries 'without hearing much, if any, pews from . her sailing port. She was a slow-going brigantine and from whose bottom the barnacles had not been scraped since a' month before her departure on her long voyage. One summer evening she was lying becalmed off the west coast of Africa. The captain was playing cards with the first and second mate to kill time when the lookout cried : "Vessel alive on port bow." Now, w ship in a storm at sea may not interest the crew of another ship, especially as the latter is breasting the same storm, but a burning craft is a very different matter, The game ceased, and all hands from captain to cabin boy strained their eves in the direction inflicated by the lookout. All they could see was a faint trace of smoke. "There's wind there," captain after making an examination with a glass, "That's smoke drifting to leeward." : "ICN help burn her," said the cond mate, "but it's an ill wind that blows 'Hobody any good. We'll get it after a while." Presently a dark speck marking the hull - appeared, but there was no flame, nor could. any sails be distin- guished. The vessel seemed to be coming toward the Seminole in a southerly direction, but the smoke in- stead of moving with her was drifting in her wake. "That beats anytlling [I lever see," remarked one of the crew. "I's been a sailor twenty vears, and 1 never see a burnin' ship movin' without sails and the smoke blowin' behind her without any wind.' » "Wot knocks me out," said another, "4s there bein' no flame." ' "They've got the hatches battened down to keep the fire below decks," said a third. "Nothin' but smoke can git out." The ship, moving without sails, came steadily on till to the crew of the Seminole she appeayed larger, but was growing faint in the diminishing (wi light. As she drew near she was pointed directly toward them. A ror spread through not only Seminole's crew, but the officers. wis o burning ship coming to them down. "Great guns!" cried captain "Am | dream ? Say, Martin !" addressing her first mate. "Po you sex a smokin' vessel comin' while we're in the doldrums 7" "rhat 1 do, sir," replied the mate, "and 1 don't understand her." "She's a ghost ship!" exclaimed sailor with blanched cheeks. "Ropn burned at sea and haunts the place 'where she went up in smoke 1" added another. "Jt must 'a' been all smoke and no flame !"* ovied a third, "There is a light on her how!" said the 'second mate. "Some "un must a' kop' his hwad pretty cool to put that out with the ship afire."' "How does she manage to keep straight n course without any wind to steer by ?'- These and many other comments the wonder continued to be muh while the hull of the coming ship was remarked the ser the you first SO on growing larger and less distinct in the growin. darkness. "Swinz oul the boats! captain : ; The errs ran to the boats, but va. so mad with terror that they tua' | over one another lowerin: one end while the ropes holdin: ile other 1. the davits were left unfastened. Fin ally the hiats were all swung out and} some of them in the water wher thet : cried tie Every. man stood stock «till, thinking that the niagazine or some other combustile had exploded . and that when the sound had time to cros: the distance between them and the doomed ship they Would hear a roar, followed by the shrieks of those who had been blown skyward. "Stand hy' to save life!" captain, But the seconds passed, and ther was no sound either of an explosion or of shrieking people. of "the Seminole were so bewildered that they magnified every appearance on of about what they believed to %¢ a ghost ship. But ope cause of terror was allayed. The smoking hulk's prow was turned so that if she kept her course she would not run them down. Indeed, by the time she came Iatutudi- nally on the same plage with them and [they saw her bn ide she was sev- eral hundred yards "to the starboard of them. Something like wheels was propelling her. . . ; on suddenly through an épening in her side which looked lke the mouth of hel] opened a swarthy figure stripped to the waist appeared in ihe late shaveling in fuel. "The devil!" exclaimed the men on the ' Seminole, crossing themselves, while others dropped on their knees. Several 'weeks later, when the Semi- nole reached her home port and her marvelous fale of the ship. : Tego" Peifd 3 | Cdnada, { half of whom are was a Bash of light on {fie comin: eried the | By this time both officers and ° erew |. oF Ta MILLION DOLLAR DEAL To Give West Canada Fresh Daint- ies. Tremend: ind of settlers gto : and extraordinary demands for fresh bakery and candy dainties of {high grade have brought about a big industrial deal, involving an outlay of $1,000,000, which has just been con summated by W. J. Mooney, of Strat- ford, Ont., in the outright purchase of Foley Brothers, Larson & Uo's entire organization, the largest in Western {Canada, for the purpose of merging ut with the Mooney Biscuit and Candy company. This move brings the bulk of Canada's production in the baking | jond candy industry under a single or ganization. The Winnipeg plant placed under the supervision of W. C, Mooney, who formerly superiotended the operations of the Stratford plant. , It has been pointed oul by officials that the demand for Mooney products from Western Canada had been grow Jing at such a rapid rate that greater facilities were needed to take care of the business: in a satisfactory manner to comply with the Mooney poliey of fresh goods for the trade. Under con ditions previous to the consolidation from two to three weeks time was ne cessary to reach some of the outlay ng districts within the large trade cir- olé over which control was exercised by the, organization. With the plant it Winnipeg running in full blast, it is now possible for the organization to supply with ease large demands for goods at less than 'a day's notice, so that the demands of Western and North-Western Canada for fresh dain ties from the famous Mooney plants will be complied with in a gratifying manner, 1 No Use for Mr. Kemp . Catholie Register. A. E. Kemp, ex-membey Toronto, finds himself in somewhs a dilemma. Enterink the L. ©. 1, of eleventh-hour convert, was down on the Twelfth of July best to vonv,nce the brethern that he meant evervthinz he said. This two seribblers, in the colomns of the Orange Sentinel, impugn his motives in joining the organization. Brothm Hocken also informs the brethren that Kemp does not meagure up to the po litical requirements, that th Sentinel will not support him in future. From which it will appear th even in the Orange political wheel In the n Kemp, for East tof a sort programme for a speech, and Jid his week and cog will sometimes slip time, we are sorry for veally deserves a better fate. You cannot save strenzih by refusin to use any. TORONTO Founded by the late Dickson, a poe Principal of . or ada College, and Mrs, George Dickson.) | A High-Class Residential and Day School for Girls Staff of Teachers, Graduates of an and lish Universities. for University Matriculation with hest honors: hig! Music. Art Domestic Science and Physi~ COLLEGE BELLEVILLE, ONT. Over 300 Students enrolled annually young. ladi High est advaniages in all departments Buildings heafed by stoam and lighted wilt 1930 by electricity re-open Tuesday September 6th, For Calendar or room address PRINCIPAL DYER, DD " Learn Watchmaking Twenty years established prder ane manage ment. Bach graduate can build 8 vntch oul right and hold host posttbms in Canada, poow ing trade school training best, 25 CALLS FOR EVERY GRADUATE Own our tmilding, bighest yward Toronto Exhibition, swon prizes in U.S, only wateb makars school in Canada, best in Amerson : SEND FOR CIRCULAR H.R. PLAYTNER, DIRECTOR © © WATCHMAKER'S-SCHOOL Wellesley: and Church Sts, Toronto. © Ottawa Ladies' College A First Class Residential School For Girls and Young Ladies. Students should enrol now for session 1910.- igi. WRITE FOR CALENDAR AND ARS. +1 Hew. Wo D; ARMSTRONG, SEA, DD, President x . (Trafalgar Castle) WHITBY. ONT. CANADA. ONTARIO LADIES' COLLE Opens Sept. 8th, 1910 000000COGNMOS HIOOOO-O MOOR SOCOO0 RANGE MEAT IS MADE FROM THE WHOLE WHEAT, contains and furnishes No other cereal more putriment to the human system Orange Meat and Milk is a Perfect Food. 0009000000000 20004000000 0 POOGG00400000000000000 | | : ICE CREAM... i a -------------- THE BEST IN THE CITY Nothing better than our lee Cream Sodas with Fruit Syrups : STRAWBERRY, CHERRY, LEMON and CHOCOLATE PINEAPPLE, ORANGE, Mo 58 A.J. REES, 166 Priseess 8 00000000000 2090 009000900000 0060000000000000¢ "FROM MILKMAID TO HOUSEMAID." Ice Cream Bricks Maple and Vanilla, Strawberry and Vanilla. Imperial Piats Take one home and try it, 25 Cents PRICE'S 288 Princess St, Phone 815 e _---- - » Just received a car load of late Oranges, second to nore that grows, iviey, Prices from 30e¢ to 75¢ per dozen, R HH T rE 302 King St. - . saga. Phone 141. Valengia Large and = 0000000000000 000020CEOBO000ORORPOOCOIORORRRODS Ice Cream If you once try our lee Cream you will be convinced that it ig tho Purest and Best. SAKELL'S 220 Princess St, nexts 9 Opera House. Phone 040 o - ~ns000800000000000900000000000000000000000 S. A. Kilpatrick & C Monument and Cemetery Work Noted for keeping thie best stock--do ing the best werk prices the lowest, Princess St. - Cor, Clergy St. ee a oi P ---- OC LT OBHOBDO OOOO | " - 2 CO A L. | a HAVE YOU SEEN OUR * Yy { fhe kind you are looking for is © | the kind we sell. ol Scranton Coal w good coal and ws guarantee prompt delivery. BOOTH & CO, FOOT WENT STREET. Pianos THEY ARE burably constructed, Artistic Designed, Sweet Tone, amd REASONABLE PRICES, DOOOTOOOO0 v OOOO OHO O004G We Please onr Customers, TRY US, Building? I can Supply Ready Roofhig, ~~ ° Wall Plaster, Lime ~~~ | + aad Poitand Cement, P. WALSH, 55-57 Barrack St. All Popular Music direct from publishers 0 252 Princess Stréeot, Kingston, THE WORMWITH PIANO Limited, Fray Bentos "CORNED BEEN) BUILDERS ||: : {, ALL KINDS OF LUMBER AT! BIR sox LOW PRICES. : PLASTER FOR) SALE, ALSO COAL AND ALL KINDS | OF WOOD. { 3 or Bliced, 28c per 1b ASBESTIC <Oet it at... D. COUPER'S, 341-3 Princess Street. . "Phone 16. Prompt Delivery. S. Bennett & Co. Wire - me B Ca rour laundry. wi ween Brock pruaranteed. Drop k | What other people do worries us or for: a da 15 A oT. *