Best ond purest of alts for and Dairy uee...mad Takd © ! by Vacuum Process SMSUTING freedom from adul.erants of any kind. Re i "tescber the name -.. At your Grocer's MIGION SALT CO. LIMITED Monaluc tu oy wad Shi Sarnia, Ont. 4 absolute] Canadian History In The Making a Treaty Negotia tions Commenced Thirty-five Years Ago At Last Completed . By a VERNON THOMAS. Copyright hy Publishers' Press With lew exreptions the Dominion, government hag lived on the best pos sible terms with its Indian wards. Jt may be true that the original owners of the soil of Canadas have be die possessed and thai nowadays the mak- ing of a treaty beiween the govern- ment #hd a band of Indians isin one > ne Groat Png" Remed ones and invigosutesthe wh Mhiood 1 old ¥ ein Coes N e ol © A ons pebitay, Mental and Bruin Worry, 44 ' pondency, uit Wealkness, F-vignions, Sper Ler ls SL BE, or mo: i , 6 Hx 2 ne will please, six of malled fu on geeclpt of pelt = phdet besi Ee lr CHOICE SIFTS. Whatever {it be, Photos, Photo Frames, Pictures, or Picture Framing, we have the choicest line in the city. Prices to suit all, 'D. A' WEESE & CO. = Asaya-Neurall -Asaya-Neur THE NEW REMEDY FOR Nervous Exhaustion Heredity isone of the main causes of nervous exhaustion. Children whose minds give way in school, girlslacking in nerve stamina, and young men exhausted by ordinary business cares, prove this. Occa- sional treatment with "AsAyA- NRURALL' is their salvation. It feeds the nerves, induces sleep, improves the appetite and digesa| tion, and restores full nerve pow- er. $1.50 a bottle.€ Local agent. L. T. BEST. _T. J. HOAG ------ THE AMERICAN CAFE 185 Wellington St. The Up-to-date Restaurant and Fating House. Separate appartments. Well furnished and lighted, Try our full We. THOS GUY, Prop. Gospel Truth ~ About Zutoo We tell you truthfully and concien- Housiy that on, of our little tablets called ZUTOO0, harmless as soda, will eure your headache sick, nervous or neuralgic in twenty minutes and always leave you feeling good. We tell you further that these tablets will break up a coid, will relieve indiges- tion and the m ly pains of women. Every user of ZUTOO will tell you the samo thing. So will every druggist and dealer who sells them. Generally you accept whal every bo- dy says ing so, but we don't ask you 10 take anybody's word about ZUTOO tablets. Try them. Know for yourself what these remarkable little tablets will do. ae at dealers or by mail postpaid. BN. Robinson & Co., Reg'd Coaticook, Q. course dinner, | treated with, At that time, viz, t | year 1575, steamboat trafic was begin- sense, only a pleasing ¢eremony. On the other hand the actual treatment of, the natives by the government ever ROBRRT FIDQLER, Chief of the Deer's Lake Indians. since confederation, has been both just and generous. The promises made to the Indiaps at the different treaty- makings have been honorably kept band in" their circumscribed way the Indian tribas have heen happy, some of them even prosperous, During the past summer the last of the treaties with the Indians in the huge ares to the north of the pro- vince of Manitoba have been made. Three treaties were negotiated by which nearly 600 Indians became wards of the government. The huge area just mentioned, which is known at Ottawa as treaty No. 5; will short ly be added to (he province of Mani toba, or to speak more correctly 180,- 000 square miles Of 1s 233,000" square miles will be so included. It is thirty-five years sioce the In dians of this enormous area were Raat the ning ta develop on Lake Winnipeg and the government considered it desirable to obtain an undisputed title to the shores of the lake and To the mouths of the rivers which empty into it, Accordingly, treaties were concluded in 1875 at Norway House at the head of the lake, at the month of the Berens 'river on ihe east side of the lake, at the Grand Rapide-of the waskatchewan a fe miles up the mouth of that viver and at pod Island Tsland in Lake Wimnipeg. 'Lhe com- | missioners of the govérnment at that time were the Hon. 'Alexande¥ Morris, | then lieutenant-governor of the North-! West Territorigs, aml the Hon. ¥ames McKay, then:chief-factor of the Hud- son Bay company. That sufficed for many years.) Latter ly, moved by the activities of miners and other explorers in the northern territory and above all by the possi- bility of the carly building of the Hudson Bay railway, the Dominion government deemed it wise to extend the tfeaty of 1875 Lo the remaining Indian bands in the large treaty area. In 1908 adhesions to the treaty were negotiated by Commissioner John Semmens, of Winnipeg, of the depart: ment of Indian affaires, with the In- dian bands residing gt Cross Lake and Split Lake on the Nelson river, with the Nelson House Indians on the Buratwood river and with the Fraser river Indians residing on the eastern shore of Lake Winnipeg. Last year, Commissioner Semmens continued the work by negotiating{similar adhesions to the 18756 treaty with the Island Lake and Oxford House Indians resid- ing in the heart of Keewatin. hate remained this summer but three Mndian bands. to be treated 'with | in the whole of treaty No, 5, viz., the Deer's Lake band living on the shores of Deer's Lake, on the Upper Severn waters, the York Factory Indians liv | ing at the mouth of the Hayes river, on the shore of Hudson Bay and final- | ly the Fort Churchill Indians, residing at the mouth of the Churchill river. Commissioner 8 pend, who in form. er years was a : to the In- dians of the northland and who spent half a lifetime amongst them, was again chosen by the Dominion govern ment to, make these, the last, treaties. With three other white men, of whom the writer was one, and nine Indians, the commissioner visited these three bands and took them into treaty, thus concluding the work begun in 1875. by the Hon. Alexander Morris and the Hon. James MéKay:. The treaty-party travelled for three and a half months in the north, ' covering three thousand miles in canoes, steam er and Hudson Bay coast boat. Ranked as Pagan Indians. Shut off from the busy world of Western Canada by the interminable rapids and falls of the Berens river and by the mountainous height of land between the waters of the Berens and tbe Severn, have lived these many years the Deer's Lake Indians. Some hundred in number they are probably as close to the savage state as those of apy band in the Dominion of Can- aha. - Until quite' recently, the band rankéd as pagan' Indians, indifferent and even hostile to the advances of missionaries, and other white men and not particularly desirous of fra- ternizing even with their Indian neigh- bors. Although the 'distance from Winnipeg to Deer's Lake, as the crow flies, is only about two hundred and fifty miles, it would take you twelve days' travel, one by %teamer to the mouth of the Berens river and the rest by canoe and portages, including one height of land, to reach this secluded handful of human beings. To reach the settlement by a land route would be out of the question, for no path to Deer's "Lake has ever been beaten through the virgin forest. The Deer's Lake Indians would receive you kindly although they would look upon you with some astonishment, as the white men who have visited the band at any time are probably less than a score. No Indian from Deer's 'Lake has ever emerged from the hinterland to see Canadian town or city, or even iP { commissioner, who speaks Cree fluent: ily, was stumped, for the Deer's Lake {indians are Saulteaux, a branch of | the Ojibwas. | A space had heen, cleared for. us | running from the lake some distance {up the shore and fenced around with substantial stakes, Evidently the In- dians had gone to considerable trou- ble and naturally there was no choice {but to occupy this space by our tents. | Soon after our arrival at the top of the clearing, the women of the-hand approached diffidently and in singleile from the Indian village, which was concealed from view by a rise in the ground. In a vague way they were aware that something important was shout to take place and that it would be proper to greet the white strangers At first they looked at us blankly and almost stapidly, but when we patted their babies' cheeks and tickled their little ragged children they relaxed and smiled. These people were to become wards of the Dominion government. It was the commissioner's duty to etplain to them what wardship entailed, to make to them on behalf of the government certain promises and to receive from them in return a clear title to their land. In a geseral way they knew what whrdship meant. When a similar trea- ty was made in the summer of 1909 with the Island Lake Indians, a few of the Deer Lake Indians were present, being on a visit to the Hudson Bay company's store. They saw the treaty made with the Island Lake Indians and after its consummation they saw the Island Lakers receive ten dollars apiece in one dollar bills, five dollars as a perpetual annuity and five dol- lars as a treaty bonus. Not ouly that but they saw the Island Lake Indians given a free meal in the king's name and, what perhaps appealed to them most of all, they were invited as guests to share this meal, As soon as these Deer's Lake Indians returned home, they told their comrades all about the treaty-making at Island CHIEF AND COUNCILLORS E lage. The furthest he has ever gone is to the Hudson Bay company's post at Little Grand rapids to the east, or to the Island Lake post to the west, about 150 miles in either direction. The party of Commissioner Semmens arrived at Deer's Lake on June the 9th with the Union Jack flying from the bow of the commissioner's canoe, Word had been sent "to the band be- forehand through the dudson Bay company, of the commissioner's com- ing and thus we were expected. When our canoes rounded the last angle of Deer's Lake and the tents of the In- dians. came into sight, a' volley from many ancient muskets wemt forth into the air, such a salute being custom- ary when a government officer ap- proaches an Indian settlement. On the shore were seen the Deer's Lake Indians eagerly watching our progress. As soon Sy we had disembarked from the ca- ndes everyone of us, including our own Indians, was constrained to shake hands with each member of the band. It was, however, only in théir smiles and in their evident anxiety to greet us, that 'we could read a welcome, for we white men, could not exchange a single word with them. Even the | would provide a "school. LECT AT FORT CHURCHILL. Lake and after discussing the matter it 'was unanimously decided that the best thing the Deer's Lake band could do was to go in for treaty likewise, Thus the treaty party found the In- dians all of one mind and the 'treaty was forthwith made, if not in the rate with due solemnity. Standing be- neath an awning improvised out of a Hudson Bay sadl, but none the less an effective shield against the hot sun, the commissioner explained to the band the proposed deal between them- selves and the Dominion govefnment. He talked to them much as a man talks to children, and indeed it was the omly possible way in which to make them understand. He greeted the Deer's Lake Indians in the name of the white king, who wished them well and sent them a message of good-will. The king wished to see his Indian subjects prosper and improve their condition. To every Iddian, man, woman and child, the king would pay five dollars per annum as long as the grass grew, the gan shone or water flowed, The king would also pay them five dollars apiece as a bonus on coming into trea- ty. They would receive a reserve on the basis of 160 acres to each family of five and on the reserve the king 3 1 pre 5 The sale of intoxicating livuor to any member of the band would be forbidden under penalty. A ¥ Every year the king would send them five hundred dollars' worth of fishing twine, powder, shot and gun caps. He would give the bax? once and for all a variety of field imple ments and woodeutting tools, F position te use theim advantageously, At treaty-paying time each year the king would give them a free meal of bacom, flour and tea awd furthermore i would be Bo fe COMING makes the hair Are mdn who makes beautiful beautiful -and who nalr needs. Mr. Frank Pembeér, of the Pember Hair Store. Toronto, will be at RANDOLPH HOTEL. Kingston Wedaesday & Thurséay Dec, 14, 15 + All ladies or gentlemen with poor hair or any hair or scalp trouble will Be interested in this visit, as Pro- fessor Fember is the greatest Can- adian authority upon the hair, its pre- servation, and its adornment, It will be a pleasure to meet those who wish to improve their appearance through' improving their hair. All de- sired advice will be given free, and the new and correct styles In hair needs and hair dressing for ladies will be displayed. A special showing of Toupees for Gentlemen who are bald or partially so, Come and have your hair helped and see the most beautiful hair needs in Canada. We buy Cut Hair, in hi TBO Remember the Date Good Time? Last night--eating big dinner is often the maker of a BAD TODAY. Why not? "Overeating means extra work for the stomach and bowels. You've got to suffer if you don't help nature unload with CASCARETS. "7hey work while you sleep"--you're O. K. in the A. M. Tonight's the night to take care of to- WOrrow, 895 CASCARETS-10c boxw-week's tieat. Be vend TS SEL TTA TETITWITTLTTTAITLS When a man boasts that he is hon- est it's a sure sign that he expects sdme one to say he isn't. e The sonw is coming we el 1 Steighs, 2 and 2 knee xX or not; also Single ters which we will sell Grocer, in, JAMES 290-392 PRINCESS ST, Upright adjus ported by resting swivels on top that position or angie desired. SNOW! SNOW! and will have sleighing them ready to SLEIGH We have an use Bot with w Second-hand Bob off cheap NEW WORK. designs of Milk, Special Bread Our workmen and faci good work are of Phone "152 e best Best's ee ---- bevel plate mirror pocket frame highly polished nickel heavy nickel base and bottem of rod, be adjusted to heavy polilshed oval ghly on » mirror may From Best's Gift Stock. frre srrrresrnenrreeeee Drop in Butter ~N Creamery Butter, 27¢, 28¢ per b . ~ Farmers' Butter, 23¢, 25 1b per Choice Eggs, 30c per doz Good Cooking Eggs, 26¢ doz. per Meat and Xmas Mince for Sweet all Cider, New Fruits Cooking. S. T. KIRK'S 241 PRINCESS STREET. 'Phone 417. -- Agent for--Asselstine's Yarns. sess essesssssssssnessd | what to up some one to do The man who knows just do usually hunts it for him. If you succeed it isn't necessary te explain how you did: it. mn Prices Right, 0000000000000000000000 seoesee Ingot Copper, Ingot Brass, Ingot Aluminam Deliveries Prompt. THE CANADA METAL COMPANY, LIMITED. OFFICE: 81 WILLIAM STREET, TORONTO, VO0000000000000000000000000000000 * grand mauner of former days, at any |- preciate the great reduction in prices. for 38, $3.50, $4.00. : COME IN EARLY AN Pearsall's Milline - B-- TT. -- Pearsall's Millinery HALE PRICE SALE By the way, our DRESS HATS are being bought, the ladies ap- Beautiful TRIMMED HATS, ranging from $6.00, $7.00 and $8.00 D SEE THEM. 228 PRINCESS ST, Every stick a match, every match a light, y and every hghta s eady ¥ even flame. : De-Light™ for rhe Smoker ~Try a Box. B Always everywhere, in Canada, Ash 0 EDDYS MATCHES -------- Silver Knives and Forks, - from $1 to $15 per and Coffee Pots, Fancy Andirons, XmasPresents Buy Something Useful for the House Silver Spoon, Carving Sets set, Corpet Sweepers, Fancy Tea Wringers, * Washing Machines, Gas Logs, Gas Heaters, Coal Oil Heaters, etc. ry. Brass Fenders, Fancy Elliott 'Telephane 35. OD Bros., in & few days You. will want your sleighs repaired or painted afd have rhe needed, ais0 a ghs and Cut. Butcher Sleighs built te order| on short notice ties for de LATURNEY KINGSTON, | ei table mirror, § x 7 1s2 any TTR LVTRVRS TVD VVUVLVVLVLVVOVTLVUTLVV VTL sme -- FOOOOCO0GO00 RODDOOTIO 00 3 LOOOHO0 HOTEL DIRECTORY. DESERONTO. Go to the STEWART HOUSE. Leadin, Commencial Hotel, Rates, §1.50 pe day. JAS, STEWART, Prop. 4 TRAVELLING. First Annuoal Fat Stock Show TORONTO, ONT. Round Trip Tickets will be Issued { | at | 4.90 i S$. . Good going on "P.M. trains Dec. | 10th, alt Dec, 11th, 12th, and 1 13th, good to 'return until Dec i 14th, ------ For full particulars and Pullman.re- servations, apply te g J. P. HANLEY, Agent, Corner Johnsom and Ontario Sts rod, of NE | IP MBROK RAILWAY In Connection With CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. | Trains Leave Kingston | 1201 "pm Express--For | Montreal, Qhebec. 4h Johb, NB, ¥ eronto, ieago, et « | fax, Boston, | or. Renfrew, Sault Ste. Marte, Duluth, St. Paul, Winnipss, Vancouver, | Seattle, Portland a San Francisco. | 5.00 R.n.--= 00a], for Bharbot Lake, { Spnnect ng with C. P. R. East and | ont | 7.45. a mMixed--For Renfrew | intermediate points, Mon, "Wed, 'riday Passengers leaving Kingston at 13 1 pm. arrl tL 32 in awa at § pm; eterbore, 4.38 p.m.; Toronto, 6.56 ; Montreal, 7.08 pm.; 7.30 ; St. John, Boston, 12.00 noon. particulars at and and K. and P. and dicket Office, Ontario Street F. CONWAY Gen. Pass, Agent. BAY OF QUINTE RAILWAY. Train leaves Union Station, Ontario | Street, 4 p.m datly (Sunday excepted) {for Tweed, Byden sm, Napanes, fo secure quick |surn, Maynooth, and i Pcie Son Fo hte uinte WAY. ' W. "Dick wer 8 via D went, alars, ~ v Phons, he tafe Ontario and Bay of Quinte Steamboat Co., Limited. Sp------ Str. ALETHA Leaves Kingston dally except Sundays {at 8 p.m. for Picton and Intermediate Bay of Quinte ports. Full Information from | James Swift & Co., J. P. Hanley, Freight Agents. Ticket Agent. | BAHAMAS IDEAL WINTER RESORT FIRST SOURS #8 CABIN ve New twin screw 88 BRAZOS and four other large steamships in service, connecting Nassan with Havana Mexico, and Galveston, the gateway California and Pacific Loast WEEKLY ; SERVE E FROM NEW YORK AVER Beat of British Coionlal Government Splendid hotels excellent golfing, ten nis polo, motoring, yachting, fishing bathing A paradise of beautiful flowers and vegetation with abundance of fruits Write for literature and further particulars NY. & CUBA MAIL 88. CO. (WARD LINE), Office ™ar 14 River New York 9 General East ---------------- + ------------------ se BERMUDA Round Trip $30 and Up Fast Twin Joerew S88 "Bermudiar sails 10 am. Dec. 10th, 24th, Jar ith { 1h, 18th 26th and every Wed | nesday thereafter ! Blige keels; eleetric | telegraphy WEST INDIES FUTANA htly fo and fans, wireless NEW 88 { { steamers fortnigt for Et. Thomas § Antigua Guadal Martinique, St. Lu Demerara For Hustrat information » AE Ov ipe : I ia, Bartadoes, pamphlets with Quebec St way, New Company, and 8 | Penessascssssetesssscsed $ WM. MUKKAY, Auctioneer. rentiun, Country Sales of Farms $ Stock ete. have n my specialty the bigh dollar, get my services. ¢ MAHKET SQUARE ' Furniture Sales given special at. for lrg years. If farmers want § esses ssasitIseTestesd See | |p -- Try WM. DRURY, 285 WELLINGTON STREET. 'Phone 443. FRONTENAC | [1VOAN & INVESTMENT SOCIETY. : ESTANLISHED 1868 { PreatdentSir Richard rtwright, Money isened on City and Farm Pro- periies, Municipal and County Deben- tures. Mortgages purchased. Deposits received snd Intersst xilowed ; 8 CL. MeGILE, Maw ng Director £7 Clarence Sirest Setpatoh to Bannock: