sone Ea First it was thought that if one would enjoy really fine mountains he must go to Switzerland, the Mec ca of all mountain climbers, but now the Alps have eome to be the yard- stick by which we measure the Roc- Jkies our western world. Apart drom their grandeur. and beauty as dnasses of bare rock ant verdure, the Rockies have superb and ever lasting snow flelds and mighty glace ders, making & combination of color and light effect 'which is seen only Ih 'regions of lofty mountains. The Anagnificent sdenery of the Canadian Rockies and Selkirks, which are now «easily reached by the Canadian Pa- eific, is becoming better known each Year to tourists. "Those best quali- died to judge, are unanimous in the «opinion that all things considered, this new Alpine region is greater and more beautiful than that of the old world, The first questions that naturally present themselves are + What are glaciers and how' are. they formed? Broadly speaking, the definition ie that a glacler is an accumulation of ice of suficlent size and weight to flow down from a snow covered ele- vation. It is a river 'flowing from a lake, the latter up near the sum- nit of a great range or pedk, the former potiring down into the valley below, only, it is a lake of snow and the » ting food i {guna Those often attain a height ne a river of jee tee will vary greatly according to lo- cal conditions, and when these are favorable may be as such as 1,000 feet or more Frequently glaciers extend far below the snow line of the region, becautte there great mas- ses of ice are so thick that they are not entirely melted during the warm summer months, In 'the Canadian Rockies the tra- veller finds 'them threading = their way down from almost every high peak. Here the mountain chains are narrower than further south, aggregating a total width of less than five hundred miles 'Where the railway traverses them, there are four prineipal parallel ranges, the Coast Range, the Gold Range, the Selkitks and the Rockies. The last two are the highest and most rugged, and it Is among their heights that the snow fields and glaciers are seen to greatest advantage When subjected to pressure ice ylelds and will change its form read- ily, but under conditions of tension it is brittle and will crack and splin- ter. This property is one of the causes of the great cracks or crevas- ses which appear in nearly all glae- lors, Owing to an uneven bed, change in course, or even the more, rapid contral flow, gredt erevasses will form. At times these may be hundreds of feet in length and fifty or sixty feet across. The meltings from the glacier of- ten flow on the surface for some dis- tance till a crevasse Is reached, down whieh they leap to the rock bed be- low. In many instances beautiful waterfalls are seen. Sometimes deep wells or moulins are formed, filled with. water, or at the bottom of which the sounds of running wa- ler may be heard. When the bed of the glacier js steep the surface.of the ice becomes very much broken, and where later- al and. trinsverse erevasses inter- weet joo and pinnacles are foot and are most beautiful in the suniight as tugs exquisitely banded white The power to transport rocks and other material over great distances is one of the most interesting char- acteristise" of glaciers, The rocks which fall on the move from the cliffs above are soon buried 'under a bed of snow. This is changed to #8 we have seen, and begins its Ww but sure journey to the lower , bearing Ms burden of rocks, large of the melting ' takes ¢ at the surface of the ice where 18 most exposed so that stones te buried in the neve region gradually conie to the surface as the Here they deposited at the side of A The thickness of thet erer Hig ieaet cier, as medial, lateral and terminal. , Individual glaciers vary greatly in the amount of material they thus] carry down, owing to, the, priximity and condition of the clifs above, From the Chalet at Lake Louise, the Victoria Glacier is prominently vigible. It risés on the great white summit of Mt. Victoria, and follow- ing down the 'upper portions of the peak| finally avanlaches over the rock cliffs to the lower 'glacier, Par- adise Valley lying to the east of that in which Lake Louige situated, has at its head the Horshoe Glacier. No visitor to Lake Louise; who can spare a day or longer, will fail to vi- sit Moraine .Lake, has: been steadily the Ten Peaks, the next valley fir ther east than Paradise Volley. This great glacier extending down 'atmoét to Moraino Lake, has been: steadily advancingy-and it is most interesting to observe how the heavy forest being destroyed by its resistless for. ce. The glacier on the side of Mt Stephen, high above the railroa: as the train descends the Kicking | Horse Pass to Field, is a source of | much interest to and comment . by tourists. At places it appears to overkang the track and at times fraat pieces of ice, which break oi from it, roll down the mountain side 18 DIAN ACIERS Mount _ Sip Dopald a. Glaser most frequently visited of any in { British .Columbia, is the Great or 1i- lecillewaet Glacier, familiar to ev- eryone. who has been so fertunate as to be a guest at Glacier House. Since the summer of 1887 it has been observed with more or less care At that time it covered the great bed Moraino of boulders which now ex- tends from the edge of the ice .to the fringe of alder bushes. Lying at the head of the valley of the same name, the Ausilkan Glacier is also favorably located and pas- sibly no valley in the immediate vi- cinify is more beautiful than' this one The glacier itself has a very fine fall, Its 'upper portions are buried deep in snow, but are | easily reached under the direction of | one of the Swiss guides, . This glac- | fer is also retreating in recent years with considerable rapidity. Measure ment made upon its rate of clow in- | dicate that it is moving Tess rapidly | than the Hlecillawaet. | ica BIG GUN PLODED, { Two Hundred and Fifty Men Blown) to Pieces. ! the Standard from Madrid, says: "The Imparcial learns that one of The principal glaciers that are visit ed from Field are those of the Yoho | Valley. The Yoho Glacier at head of this valley is a source of the | Yoho River. The glacier which is undoubtedly Dr. Chase is No Stranger In This Home -- Receipt Book and Medicines Kept at Hand All the je, There is no better safeguard again- at @iséage and suffering than a good cathartic medicine. In a great ma jority of homes Dr. Chase's Kidney- Liver Pills are constantly kept ar hand, because they quickly awaken the action of, the liver, kidnevs and bowels, and 'oire the most common ills' of "life: Thos, Smith, Jamestown, Ont, "Pr, Chase is no stranger in od for we have two of the; the German 42's employed on the German right wing exploded the other day, producing awful' havoc {among the gunners and.a squad of | men Two hundred and fifty 'were blown to pieces, fragments of their limbs being picked up afterwards fiye miles away. Shells intended for ometres off. Some farm houses a little to the year of the scene of the catastrophe crumbled to pieces from the shock of the explosion, which a swallowed up what was left of the gun and its platform." EXPECT. NAVAL BATTLE. Of South America. Valparaiso, Chile, Nov. 4.--The German cruiser Nurnberg = stopped the Chilean steamer Chiloe off Car. ranza Point to ascerfain the nation ality of the Chilos and te ' inquire concerning the whersabouts of the Engliéh fleet, The German trans: port Prinz Eifel, which arrived here and left also stopped the steamer Luis Alberto off Valparaiso. The Geran cruiser Leipzig called at Juah Fernandez for provisions. A naval 'action between the German antl British warships in these waters is epeeted daily. et -- ---- No Longer Eau De Cologne, Paris, Nov. 4 --Tetl thondgnd read: { London, Nov. 4.--A despatch to | | use in the gun exploded in all direc- | tions, killing men as far as ten kil-! 50 tore a chasm in the ground that | German Cruiser Looking For Fou) SAVED BRITISH TROOPS, Tapping of Two German Wireless I~: Messages. Calais, Nov. 4.--Describing the derpciate engagements in which the Pritizh troops bore the brunt of the figoting at Ypres, the Daily Mail correspondent, says, in some mea- sure we have to thank the tapping of a wireless message for the fact that two sections of the British ex- | peditionary force are still intact. Two German messages were tapped. | The first ran: "Take Ypres by Nov- ember 1," and the second, 'More men now, and we have them." The latter placed the British ar my on guard, and though suffering very severely, they repulsed repeat- ed assaults. The correspondent savs the British are believed to have had opposed to them at this point | twelve German army corps, or | roughly estimating," 550,000 men. He also states that the Germans are | now firing shells at British airmen, { which on exploding give off poison- | ous gases. The airmen have fallen to the ground dead, from no appar- | ent reason, and others:come down | complaining of dizziness and siek- | ness. The gases from these shells jute a *curious rainbow effect when viewed from the ground. BELGIAN CONSUL LOSES ALL. | Services May be Retained by Military Department. Ottawa, Nov. 4.--While Canada | has been giving of her store.to as- | sist the brave Belgians who have | endured and suffered, and many of { whom are now refugees in foreign | lands, it has been forgotten save hy {a few that there is in Canada a Bel- { gian who is suffering, with nevera | whisper of his need. Hon. Maurice Goor, | the Belgian: consul-general to | Canada, has had to vead of the to tal destruction of his property - in Louvain, and the loss of almost ev erything he possessed in his native Belgium. More than that, his salary is. now a thing of the past. | He has handled and forwarded to the Belgian refugees the domations of [ money, | food and clothing, but he never gave a hint of his own pre dicament. As M. Goor is an autho- rity upon military affairs, it is pro- bable the Canadian government, may | engmge his services in this connec tion. FRENCH PRESS ON TURKEY Question. Paris, Nov, 4.--The Temps devot jes a good deal of attention to 1h. { Turkish crisis, which it says *"'show: that the Turkish government was | unable fo control its German offi ; "ers, whol Were nominally in Pur i key's service but in effect her mast | ers." The Temps considers that if Tar | key goes to war Italy may 'be | brought to realize that she 'has ac counts to settle with the Ottoman apart frcm those affectng Tripoli. "Certainly," coneludes the: article | «erlin cannot hope to : withdraw | lnaterial assistance from Turkey { bit Germany would probably be glad | to ind someone else to aid in pay | ing the penalty for the war. We say with Novoe Vremya, 'The conclusior of the war will be the destruction o the Prussian Germany and the fina s Jution of the eastern question.' " Canada Gets Big Orders. Ottawa, Nov. 4.--In addition, tc the numerous large contracts for the British and French governments that have lately béen awarded in Canada the government , yesterday morning received a big order for saddles fo the Russian army. The order wil be divided among the Canadian firme capable: of doing the work with the necessary despatch. - oS Tow KITCHENER'S NEW ARMY LULK OF MILLION MEN "READY BEFORE SPRING. Nov Most Of the Men Are Developing into Fine Shots -- The Weakly Men Have Been Weeded Out. Paris, Nov. 2.--No fewer than 300,000 British soldiers are under the orders of Figld-Marshzl Sir John Erench on the firing lines at this time. Beyond these, however, there were many auxiliary troops on duty at the transport and supply base. This army acts as a complete unit in conjunction with their French comrades under tHe command of Geueral Joffre, The Britich base is near a port on the English channel, and the field of action of the British troops is near the Belgian frontier and in Belgium itself. Virtually all the British sol- diers in the field, of all branches of lhe army, are men with a consider- able amount of service, many of them having had from ten to twelve years' training 'and having partici- vated in Great Britain's wars in var- ious parts of the world. The gaps 'nh their ranks are filled by re-eniist- ed men who have hastened back to tae army at Lord Kitchener's call. By December. 1, this year, when it is expected large bodies of British territorials who have volunteered tor foreign service will have been trained sufficiently to take the field, it is estimated that the foree at Sir john French's disposal will have reached 500,000 men. These will { include the Britisi®dnd native troops from India and portions of the gar- risons at Mala and Gibraltar. By that time also many of the Austral- ians, Canadians and New Zealand de- tachments will have joined the forces on the continent. The bulk of Lord Kitchener's new army of 1,000,000 men now coming into being will not, according to an expert military view, be ready for service in the field until next spring, but owing to the men who have responded to the call, their training is progressing rapidly. Among them, according to authorita- tive circles, there dre nearly 200,- 000 old soldiers who have served in the British regular army for periods 'anging from seven to twelve years, ind these form an admirable stiffen- ng for the new recriuts from civil ife whom they assist in training. I'o these must be added many men vho have served short periods in the olunteer forces of the militia, According to officers recently ar- 'ived from England, all weakly men mong the new recruits have been apidly weeded out during the stiff raining, and most of the men are leveloping into fine shots, while their Xeellent physical | condition will naké them a valuable addition to he vastallied army which will be in he field next spring to recommence he campaign against Germany. Priest Stops a Dance. dttawa Free Press Everyone was living. in "sweet obli- vion of the fact that the Sabbath wag approaching on Saturday night in Thubault's dancing hall' on Bridge street, Huli Fhe floor was covered with couples swaying in harmony 'to the loud tunes screeched out by ener- etic fiddlers, when suddenly a silence fell upon the gathered revelers as Rev. Father Carriere, parish priest, entered and commanded the "shindig" to cease. Father Carriere was strongly oppos- ed to the dancing, as it is alleged the merry 'minueters flirted ' their feet over the polished floors until past mid might on Saturday nights. One of the shjections which Father Carriers holds agamst the holding of dances is that strangers, both men and women, at- tend. The dance broke up superior class of er Sought French Cruiser. Paris, Nov. 4--The Petit Parisian whose daily provincial edition belora lie war was three-quarters of a mils lon and is still the largest, prints a column in Flemish for Belgian read- ers, besides an English column, both giving an extract of the latest news. The same journal publishes a let- ter from a sailor on the Waldesk Rosseau, giving details of an attack on October 19th by Austrians on that cruiser, from the air, the sem; and under the sea simultanecusly. "On approaching the Cattaro coast toward 8 p.m., an aeroplane appear ed which seemed intending to at= tack us. 'Clear decks for action" wus sounded and quick firers aimed. The airman dropped three bombs. One burst fifteen yards from the ship's side opposite my gun. Our quick firers prevented further attacks by the aeroplanes, and it retired appar- ently unhurt. At the same moment a periscope was seen six hundred yards away. Our guns demolished it. We advanced at full speed of 24 knots. A second periscope was sighted in the rear, and sent us for: pedoes which we avoided by dodging It also was demolished by our fire We saw a swirl In the water as if the submarine was sinking, nothing else. A moment later a torpedo host comes on to our starboard, obvious ly trying to draw us over a mine field. We don't follow, but our bic guns inflict: damage 'and flames rir» from the enemy's stern. However, he escapes and the battle is ended. SEE FLANDERS VICTORY, French Press Confident Big Battle 1s Won. Paris, Nov 4---The French pres is confident that a few days will pro duce a marked change in the military situation in Northwest France and Belgium. They regard the. German attacks as final efforts to win some success irrespective of its strategic valué. The Temps comments: "The Germans are trying to disen gage themselves from our grasp, not to seize the coast line. where the situation is that both opponents are attacking each other instead of the Germans attacking and the allies defending. If their effort lesséns fo: a moment our counter stroke will immediately sweep them before if. They realize this, and consequent!y are making furious plunges again: our line as the only means left of defending their own." " The Intransigeant, commentins on the report that orders found on 2 captured German indicate that their movement upon Calais was intended to be decisive, says: "A decisive effort which produce 0. result has. nailed. © It ix now certain that the allies have win a victory in Flanders." Turned Kaiser's Hair Grey. London, Nov. 4.--An English wo man who has just arrived from Ber lin says she lived under. tolerahl: normal conditions sinee the ' outbreak of the war, but:she has seen an ss- tonishing change in the attitude of her« German friends. One of these in bidding her farewell said : "We. be- gan by fighting for colonies. We are now fighting for our existence." This English woman said Berlin was a dumping-ground for 'all sorts of rumors. She.could vouch for th. absolute truth of 'one story, and tha: was that the kaiset's hair had tury ed grey "since the outbreak of th war, A diplomat seemingly believes one without actually doing it. Some men are too polite to ' be truthful. Even . when a man is tickled + death he doesn't die of it. Less Than a Cent You may know a woman who has a repu- * tation for making delicious cake, biscuits, etc.,--who seems to hit it right every time. You may also know a woman, who, no matter how painstaking, can't seem to get the knack of successful baking. Both use the same butter, same eggs, same flour and sugar. What is the difference? | Very likely it's all in the baking powder. Undoubtedly the woman with the knack uses 4 Royal Baking Powder, and the tinsuccessful woman uses an alum baking powder thinking | it.cheaper. Yet the difference in the cost of a whole Jarge cake is less than a cent. It is economy to use