--~F Ce Zea" CrroOTET ALD ong the Ancients the unded if sland the care of War as we under- term was unknown, and until well into the Middle Ages to be badly wounded wis in reality death with thé probability of excruciating agony. betore the merciful relief of oblivion Even with the advance of the world in civilization little was done to alleviate the pain of the sick and maimed in war, and even in the fifteenth century the treatment of the wounded was the most barbar-~ ous thing imaginable, tor up to the beginning of the sixteenth century boiling ofl was considered tlie best dressing for gun shot wounds It must be remémbered that gun-shof wounds in those days were made by a big, roughly t leadlen bullet fired at ghort range. They made a hide: ous wound and the shock to the sys- tem was far greatér than that caused by the modern high velocity bullet which in most casese makes a clean puncture, yelL even these. latter wounds become ugly if. they are not dressed properly and at once. Those of us who have seen the wounded brought in from the battlefield of Europe and hove 'watched the -sur- goons at work shuddar at the thought of what the soldiers of the carly days must have wullered when boiling oil Was peured- into © thore terrible Wounds, "The wiwrior of 'the Mid- alle Apes war, however, mercifully spared the chance of ~ injury from shrapneh «thal high power explosive which makes wounds of .an appall- ing nature Ajiother barbarous re meédy was- that used after amputat- in the Crimean war the hospital ac- commodations were horrible, and even at the base hospital there was no ohe to nurse the wouhded and many men died. without even 'having wounds dressed Florence Nightingale It was not until Florence ingale arrived on the scene der, was First Nurse brought out of chaos. This grand good woman brought a oum-| and they =o! sixty ber of ladies with her changed things by tleanliness and at- tention to the sick that mary were saved. This was the first time that Nar nurses, successful nurse the hospitals at the seat of war. day the.wounded are being « but their work was so that ever since, the war! neutral gent through but by those of which have been Red Cross, 'that the ate the sufferings of mankind. The medical departments of the warring European nations are facing a-cologsal task ine caring for the wounded of the present war, 'for nes ver before have so many men been battered and maimed The modern engines of death have been hurling projectiles which wound scpres ata time, The wounded have ran filo 1 the hundre ds of thousands, and even the hmynovised hos gpitals have been taxed beyond their capacity: Each nation has an excellent ~ hospital their | Night-{ that or- | lives | women had been employed as | hogpitals,: cared for} not only by nurses of their own race enzi, whe before her marriage was oun. tel Migs Gladys Vanderbilt, remarkable society; dnd is assisting in nursing the Aus- which has done. so 'much to amelior-| trian wonpded. eri TA 0) AA 72h mar. ot er 2 Forte packing: the German Red Cross took possession of thelr rooms. kn Paris {many "of the shops have given over the upper floors of the building to the wotinded men, Every night the i hospital train eemes in bearing its loads of humaly suffering. Many {of the 'wounded are Germans, but they are eared for as well as the French, for the Red Cross makes no distinction of nationality. In: Cologne, Germany. more than thougand wounded are being cared for. Berlin is overcrowded with helpléss viéfims and many rich citi- zens have given over their homes as The egipress, the crown princes and al) the ladies of the court are in constant attendance do- has been a familar figure in!ing whatever lies in their power to To- | asgliet the. nurses: - At Budapest the Countess Szech- has turned ' a hospital | for srecovery are had been operated on at once. of course, wounds. Others bled to death before aid reached them. In hundreds of cases the wounded her splendid home . into This, Wownded Take Chances. 'It. must be remembered that. the main object of war is not to rescue wounded men but to fight and win battles, © "The successful commander who has rjust-woén a victory, acting | upon: this. principle, will need all his es nora the 'enemy and cannot "thé 'traizportation or- care of the wounded of his own men, to say nothing of, these of fhe' enemy. This Is Jeft in care 'of*the surgeons and hospital "eorps who press evéry ment whatever until they reach some ! hospital in- a eity, and .in most in-| stances the wounds have commenced to supperate. As tiie fighting goes on almost all the time the vast numbers of wounded have fairly swamped the small corps of surgeons who have | found themselves unequal to the task. A number of American surgeons are scattered over the rejers to a certain class of | handkerchiefs (0 stop in the present war receive no treat-, | coer Err Boo722 better than if he] times they found the men helping each other by making tourniqueis 'of the flow of their "first aid" blood. Of course, | was crude but it saved at least a few lives. It is almost impossible to deseribg the wounds made by the high power | explosivgs, and only those who have geen the awful havoc of these shells can fully realize how horribly their explogion digfigures a huihan being-- noses; ears, arms and legs pre some- tines cul off 'as clean. as if it had | been done by a sabre, while in other cases great holes have been torn in war - zone - and | the bodies. lon of arms and legs--that of boiling tar as a dressing This' remedy was a4lfo used for any injary which re- quired cauterizing. It was not un-) til the beginning, of the last century: that the evilg of the remedies used | were discovered, some of these diw<! coveries being -aceidental. One of the medical higtories gives | ar instance of this which occurred at | the Battle of Pavia in 1525," when | Franch 1. of France was defeated by | the Spaniards. A French barber sur- geon-- For they: were barbers as well | as surgeons was dressing his gun- | shot patients with the usual boiling oil treatment when the supply of oil ran out and he was , compelied to dress the remainder - of the men's] wounds with cold water. "He apolo- glzed for this,~but declared that he had done hix best, = The next morn-! ing, to his great astonishment, he; , found that his water cure patients showed the: greatest improvements, while those of the bolling oil treat- ment ware feverish. and uncomfort- able from inflamed wounds Even as late as 1812 the wound-| ed were left in a measure without "OT arng themEdy to the surgeons nod, ain ob tain shelter as best they could, often | waiting on the floor in a house ob [4 some wounded man died before ob- taining bed. _ Such a thing as 1 field awl did not. exist dntil well | ny he: d ote pth century. Even' | Miss White. Attends "Fhe Real 'in the coom was just what might be expected when One lives in a Tented house where the furnace is worn oui. Helena had © struggled valiantly with the fur- nace, being defeated, and mouniiny the unsafe cellar stairs for the last © time had supplied "herself with a shawl and hook dnd sat down as close to tie register as 'she could get. Her frail little invalid mother lay asleep on the lounge, carefully covered, for it 'was a very cold and . "The pupil whom Helena had expected that nforcing had net _wppeared. As for orders, she was head of them She "bad. In fact, uted so steadily thas she only got bled sleep 'at night. Her mother ingisted that she | must of necessity not receive the best availible velfitle info service to send them beck fo the base héspitaleover the line of communication. There are three stages for the wounded man between where he falls and the field hospital where he re- mains Jf his 'cage is not severe. fr wound i$ serious he is sent to the "base hospital as soon as lie is strong enough to be transported. The hos- pital vorps: arg supposed to give first aid and ether carry the man on their backs or on a Stretcher to the 'eollegting station 'whieh' is sheltered trom the Pring line. 'The wounded many operating tables were at a pre- | man js next taken to tlie dressing mium and operations had to be per-| station where beef tea and stimul- formed while the patient was prop-| unts are supplied, wounds are dres- ped on supply boxes. In Russia the | sed and some operations are per- corps, competent surgeons and nurs ses, but these pegple have their limi- tations and same of the wounded treatment Take for instance, in the case of the hospitals at Bordeaux where for. ty, thousand wounded are being | treated, when. the supply of gauze and splints gave out and the nurses were compelled to . use bandages made from old clothing and 'all the rolling hoops belonging to, the chil | dren were nsed as splints, Jn spwe of the improvised hospitalg in Gers their reports of the situation is appal- i in@. 'Scores of American women | are lending their aid, but the flood | ' Sickness, too, has been a factor of wounded pours in each daiy~--men | and a large number of men are who can ill be spared, yet numbers | found to be suffering from rheuma- of whom if they live 'will be ripples | | tie fever as the result of exposure in to the end of their days. ° | the trenches. Of course, modern As to the work on thg field; the | sanitation has practically wiped out hospital corps are working day- and | sonie diseases,. but when battles go| night to reach the Wounded and a on continually for days and even Sickness A Factor. them water at least, for even a slight weeks the sanitary squad becomes wound: in 'warm-weather creates in-| yhequal te the task, Cholera has tenge thirst, and during the battle at| broken -out in the Austrian army------ Namur mena of the Tospital crawled | that malady most dreaded by military among the woundel and Ye them | authorities. The typhoid inoculat- water. Heveral hile on f ion, wiil probably prevent that dis- their errand of mercy--not inten- | suse which cansed nearly six thous- tionally, but because they happened | und deaths among the soldiers of the to come within the range of 'the bul-| Boer war. fidences grew between. them, for Helena knew instinctively that this fine, clean young man of steady eyes and big chin and firm mouth was one whom no girl need be 'io you kmow," Max said, "when 1 heéafd your name announced and looked up and saw you I had the Joit of my life. I had a notion that mother had asked another Miss Wkite--Miss Ellen White, whd is a Kind of cousin of my father's. 1 consider myself lucky to be sitting beside you instead of her to-night. Can you fancy what the difference means to me?" Helena had given a gasp and her blood seemed chilling. She under stood now. She had been asked by wistake.- 'She had never heard of Ellen White. What could Mrs. Gar- rison' think. of her? Her startied eyes went to her hostess"s face. Mrs. Garrison was watching her and smiled 'brightly. ;, Helena smiled back wth quivering lips, but she was determined 'to conceal 'her feel ings. No .one should gues: from her that she was out of place. it- had begun to storm and Mrs Garrison ordered aut the limousine and sent her guests home in it Helena rode between Mrs. Felton and Mrs. Montrose, who were jus! as nice to her as if she had a right to their favor. Half an hour later a crumpled tear stained Helena had sObbed ow the whole story to her mother. Hu miliated, crushed, Shamed, she lay sleepless the whole night through apd lived over again the enchant ment and disillusion of that even- ing. And through it ull throbbed one awful pain--=she had looked in at the gate of happiness and now ihe gate was shut forever. Max Gar rison was not for such as she. The new day came forth in gold- en splendor. The snow vanished Adler cofiee Helépa attacked her day's 'work. Two new pupils sought her. Three new orders for work came in--all from Mrs. Felton. And then at four o'clock the post man brought a note----a severeh plain little note---in Mrs. Garrison's decided handwriting, which read: "I am giving a little party for my son upon his birthday, Thursday evening, Deécember 4th, at which I request tHe pleasure of jour pre sepce--"" This time the suijmons was un mistakable. And as soon as Hel ena, got through erying for joy she began to laugh for the same reas on. "atrad of. . Fr STOVES FOR TRENCHES, Canadian Troops Will Have Electric Heaters To Keep Them Warm. Modern warfare is by no means a parlor game, but the members of the Canadian Overseas' Contingent are going to enjoy one of the comforts of home when they enter the trenches for the winter campaign. This® home comfort will be an electric-heating device of a portable nature, three hundred of waieh have been manufactured in Toronto and baye just been shipped to the war zone, . Three big lorries were neces- sary to carty these heaters. to the station. It is supposed that ft is the inten: tion to wire all the trenches in which the Canadians repose and t- tach the heaters at regular intervals. This will provide a fine heating sys- tem without running the risk of dis- closing the position of the dugouts by the reflection or smoke from bonfires. A Turther advantage is that rain or snow will not extinguish the electric glow, the heat from which can be us- ed to the utmost advantage. The supposition is that wires will be strung from the trenches to the rear of the battle line, where con- hections will be made with available permanent power plants or with the electric generating outfits which have been installed on several trucks at- tached to the Motor Transport De- partment of the First Contingent, when local electric plants cannot be A SIMPLE WAY TO REMOVE DANDRUFF Prevent Falling Hair And End Itch ing Scalp. There is one sure way that has never falled to remove dandruff at once, and that is to dissolve it, then you destroy it entirely. To do this, just get about four ounces of plain, common liguid arvon from any drug store (this is all you will need), ap- ply it at night when retiring; = use enough to moisten the sealp-and rub it in gently with the finger tips. By morning, most, if not all, of your dandruff will be gone, and three or four more applications will com- pletely dissolve, and entirely destroy avery single sign and trace of it, no matter how much dandruff you may have. You will find all ftehing and dig- ging of the scalp will stop instantly and your hair will be fluffy, lustrous, glogsy, silky and soft, and look .aud feel a hundred times better, If you value your hair, you should get rid of dandruff at once, for noth- ng destroys the hair so quickly. It not only starves the hair and makes it fall out, but it makes it stringy, straggly, dull, dry, brittle and life- ess, and everybody notices it. Sauer Kraut ! Made from the choicest cabbage, 10c qt. or B qt. pail for 49c. Halibut Steak i Salmon Steak . . Pickled Pigs' Foet- J. R. B. Gage, 254 Montreal St. 15¢ 1b. 2000054606006 06 580000 TEP OVVVLIONIPNTS > OPEN NOSTRILS! END A COLD OR CATARRH How To Get Reliek When Head and Nose are Stuffed Up, 6H POPOIVITI IIL IPPIDONOOS Count fifty! Your cold in head or catarrh disappears. Your elogged nostrils will open, the air passages of your head wil] clear and you can breathe freely No_more sauflfling, hawking mucous discharge, dryness or headache; uo" struggling for breath at night. Get a small bottle of Ely's Cream Balm from your druggist and apply a little of this fragrant antiseptic cream In your nostrils, It penetrates through every air passage of the head, soothing and healing the swol- len or inflamed mucous membrane, giving you instant relief. Head cols and catarrh yield like magic. Don't stay stuffed-up and miserable. Re- lief is sure. Stebel TOOVIIIOOY Rt nn Discount OFt the Balance of ur WINTER orphan girls at the Foundling Asy- lun "had to be pressed into service as war nurses. These girls were ac-| custamed to caring for young child+ ren alone, but they were quiek to learn, the art of dressing wounds and handiing the helpless men. Happy, indeed, is the disabled soldier who comes under the care of ong of these young Russians. Throughout Austria and France choo! fiouges have beery pressed in- WETVice ANE fle" SPIE once. OCCH- | pled by desks is now filled with long rows of beds. The various German spas were turned -into hospital quar- ters during the early stages of the War. were ordered™to leave at. onge, an béfore 'many of them had fintshe sald. "This is Mré. Garrison speak: ing---yes, Mrs. Oswald Garrison. I'm giving a. little dinner to-nigh and 1 want you to come. You will, wont you, without fail? Yes. Tha very: good. At Tat 7, yes, owl out fail. Good-by." Helena stood: stating at the in- 'strument" through -which had come the 'wonderful message. Mrs. Gare Tison hid asked her to 'dinner; the great Mrs. Garrison who lived the 'beautiful big house when went to deliver some work whic Mrs. Garrison had ordered. Mrs, Garrison was very courteous J kind. But it had never occyrred | Helena that she woul so far take tice Of her as to ask her to dinne! Oh, it seemed too good to be She would tell her mother the wi derful news at onve, even thou she must wake her up to do so. But Mrs. White was already = and sitting up. "Didn't I hear bell ring 7" she iaehed._ es I" Helena ried. At Bad Nauheim all visitors! Rn lets. Lrormed, This is known as the sec- 2 t has 'ond station... As fast as possible the 'wound€d_xrg/sent to the field hos- ital. y These are thE Files of the medical department, but they did not palm out that the wound in some of the 'battles of the present out of the trenches, Luropesn" wir for the fighting was so | wedged in betw the dead. Al- fierce antl the firing so terrific that! though every sol carries a first the hi ~Carps men were some-|aid'to the injured package it is often times unable: to yeach a wounded | impossible for t men {6 help 'qur hours; 'at other | thegiiselves. "Many Who Were lying ies Yo c¥esp Up wT fier on HET WAVE "B8ern -FFiTh- Tp give them water and a hypodermic | pled by the wounded #nd Fiderless injection sthey could be tikeén | horses that career 'madly over the from ; Tn many instances | battleground for several' days after the i found that 'the each engagement, One of ihe, Red unded- i Bad Jecovered from the | Cross physicians: 'recently' are = " field, for | it was utterly tmpossihiente give' an na "chances | | the "wounded - attéstion.! Several armies have moved; and frequently 'it | being tightly mother felt joyhulli. int 56 "Vhe giuat Mrs. Garrison wanted youth, beaut: and charm to grace her duos dinnof t she had made no in asking na. Helena fairly ran all the way to Mrs. Garrisons, not because she felt the cold, but because she was so happy and so eager to get there. A {maid opened the door and directed her upstairs hy, a dressing tant EATER OR the drawing room eame Fon comi- ments of: auEnter any; ropa t a opera" ing' grand wag only after the greatest difficulty | "could" be gotten | | "The Red Cross ship sent out from been: op ycastile to each | scores of wou | untif after the | America has been the good angel to all the warring natioms, for instru- | ments apd supplies were running short at several points. Some of the medicines required are manufae- tured in Germany and it was impos- sible: for the allies to secure this ex- cept through the Red Cross. In Rus- sia the drugs have so advanced in price that the sick peasants ate . eri or want of them, while the | Sry TOTROHES Have DRPETy oh: ugh to Jast for a short while for the hospitals. 'The Red Cross ship has for a time at least saved them from a drug famine. The nurses, too, were badly needed in this gi tie "task which pow confronts the European belligerents. woh 5 faskivity heightened Miss Hojens's spirits' And when she looked into the great cheval glass she took courage. wisp of blond hair and went seréne- ly downstairs. The maid announ. ced '""Miss White," and slie entered the drawing room. x Instantly she felt that something had happened. Her appearance had certainly caused 'a semsation. There le | were a dozen people in the room; and they were all staring at ber in open-eyed astonishment. : Even Mrs "Garrison's 'exquisite breeding see ed momentarily thrown off By AeA Then she' was smiling, with Hel- {emd's 'hand in Hers. : yo abc fleur. 1 am so glad: you were ; ft 5 ee These: pomp" 1% radi Slie. was plainly determined e Helena feel at Hel old zenoman wih -a Helena in to dinner, She tucked up a stray|! employed. The installation of these electric heaters can be carried for- ward with little trouble. It is not known whether the three bundred heaters are the gift of a public-spirited citizen or were pur- chased by the Department of Militia and fence. The heaters are of about 5,000- walt capacity eaclr and would cost in- the neighborhood ®of $12 each. OVERCOATS ALL AND SEE THEM Ashby, The Tailor Thez. sre Rasiars. HEL AEPa EO) - tien it Tire a in their | 70 DIUCK Dk. SINESON ~~ function. Canada's Big Share, Up to date and including the ship- ment which left by the steamer Cal- cutta from Halifax just before. Christ- a KIDNEYS ACT BADLY Take Tablespoontul « of Spits if Beck : or Biadder Bothers. ig are a nation of meat saters and our blood is filled with uric acid says a. well-known authority, who warns us to be constantly on guard against kidney trouble. The kidneys do thelr utmost 10 free the blood of this irritating acid, but become weak from the overwork; they get sluggish; the eliminative tissues clog and thps the waste is re- tained in the blood to poison the entire system. your kidneys ache and feel like lumps of lead. and you have stinging pains in the back of urine is cloudy, full of sediment, or tHe bladder is irritable, obliging you seek relief during the al; You have severe h Ta i or each morning, and in a few your kidneys will act fine. This salts is wade from the acid jot grapes and lemon juice, combined with Hthia, and lias been used for generations to flush apd aad ar -- i Kidneys, it is oS Es & in w #0 it no 8 source of irritation, thus Sales urls wiry and bladder disorders. Jad Salts 1 ii Cocastosatiy to aks Ee x. frend ean oep iy Th TIM te hr a a SS