fe' ~~ JAKES... AN i, PAGE TWELVE Collecting Samples Taidng : Samples ona Steame Grain Shipment in Winnipeg Yards + Bven more than California looked | considered as good ds, if not better | of not cleaning the grain; | *to her gold camps, more than Wash- | ington furns to Alaska, all Canada | anxiously watches, day by day, the! progress of her annual prosperity as registered by the barometer eof her prairie crops The grain crop is like a huge river of gold, which rises through the spring and summer and then bursts its bounds, rufining in torrents to the pe S00; and flowing with this stress of golden grain, comes an era of prosperity _ which finds expression in. develop- 'ment of all Kinds: "Canada has for years, pursued an active legislative and constructive policy, in keeping abreast with the ever widening deve: lopment of its agricultural resources in the west. Each year has seen an immense additional acreage under . the plow and each fall has shown vast additions to the bulk of the crop. This has been particularly true of the grain in. western Canada. Rails have been laid in all directions, se at Due of the biggest items in. the anadian Pacific's annual budget has been the extension and construction of branch lines tapping ngwly, deve. loped country. Elevators form .a ehain across the plains until soon they will streteh from the Atlantic to the Pavific preans. They have been built by the Canadian Pavifie, by the Domin- fon government, by private corpora: , tions, by individuals and by-co-op: erative organizatidns. Most of 'the big terminal elevators are located at, Fort Willlam and Port Arthur, be-| cause these - are most convenient points for distribution of grain. Ca-| nada's method of grading grain is! ~~ 'it, or, if he prefers to hold his wheat than, any other method in the world. Governing the handling, marketing, | buying, selling, grading, weighing and anerolstio. of grain, the' Grain: Commission' of Canada is su-| preme in the Dominion. The gov- | ernment elevators are operated under the direction of this body. In Canada all grain is sold according to grades established, by law, The inspéctors | are government appointees, and de-| cide the grade of all grains passing am out of the coubtry. Almost 'all 0f Lo. Bln. not pede the grain of Manitabo. Saskatchewan | struction of new sud theimprovement and Alberta 'is' handled through in-) terior elevators: Some of these are! owned 'by 'the farmers: but inost of! based 'dy 'the principle : that 'every | them are owned by grain denlers and | milling companies. | 4 A farmer may deliver his wheat to the elevator and receive cash for for a time, with a prospect of ob taining a better price, he may store it in thie elevator and secire-a stor: age ticket setting forth that he is-én- titled "to a stated number of . bush ¢ls of. wheat of a certain grade. On if he prefers to load his grain into a car. without dealing with. the. eleva. tar, he may do so. Loading platforms trom which a'farmer may load dives tly. into the car, have been ergeted at nearly all' shipping points in of der to fuciliate the handling of geain. There are 2,568 elevators licensed in the provinces of Manitoba, Suska- tchewan and Alberta. Their total storage capacity is estimated at S$1,- 720,000 bushels. E For several years the farmers were generally dissatisfied with the treat ment they received from the elévator companies, They accused the" ele- vators of all sorts of malpractice; of! unjust grading and. weighing; "of exacting charges that.were too highs re of refus- ing to give spécial bins; and of pool- ing profits; Killing' forming, opolics. factionyled 30 legislation. nada Gral Act. and it includes pro- visions about the construetion platros the ing 3 1 of e operation of elevators; of cars, and the trad- farmers and. the ck-Durtmiand. commission merch. for boththe con- 'platforms. Ib regard to tion" of cars, 'the act is of exis the di shipper of grain -§= to count for one apd' dy for more 'than one. elcyator/ company' avd the ind'vidual fakmers dre ted equally. Each % itled {6°n car in tdrn and. no- pptitle more than a ear. or the application of i bis' prescribed. the car {ev book, and the method of using It. Provisipn is miade: for special cases, such as elevators that are in dunger collapsing, seed grain, dusky. nd. heating grain. t is.ob¥ious that in the weighing and grading of grain, the greatest of care junit be exercised that the interest of the producer, buyer and or he protected, therefore, the Thatta provided capable to handle both the grading and @ welghing. . As has been stated above, - '®. Are £0 many. different g #5 of grain that to put it into its di 'is no easy task, and on the: degision of the government, in- tor hangs the price that is to be 'for it. . The inspector must al- '80 guard against dishonesty on 'the part of ithe farmer, the elevator man THERE ARE MILLIONS OF POLES | IN ACUTE MISERY. Plight Of Starving Refugees In De- vastated Petrograd, Feb. 2.---In spite of the ing the German invasions, the misery "of its millions of inhabitants is still acute. The destruction is so uni- versal that it ADDEAL hat it was So TERT STE i ---- | quered with Prince Radziwill Describes Terrible | | fact that several commissioners are | at work investigating the devasta-| tion which Poland has suffered dur- were their habitations. * \ : | will to the Agsociated | world 'has' been so busy: iii work -of 'human rd Normally Poland is a pleasantly roiling country, not unlike the An Foluctive prosperous with: its landscapes, well 'groomed 'Tarms and patches of wood. "It is; bleak .and scarred, almost , ew house is in ruins, and the mutilated roads are full of hall starved, half frozen: people, who have. no homes and no possibility of escaping from the charred remnants .of 'what once rican middle west; fertile 'ona at | turally, developed, "1 am afraid," said Radzi- 3 4 leurisy. Ever since that T havea Bate two of Ma RB DOW | Why "the | its and the buyer. From the decision unfortunate Belgium that our susie Po it' promises of help or con- } be made after the war 6 OF the. STYRRE peasants h e 8 = i "a frightful condition, 'and in is steadily growing march' of winter and f ood und clothing." 74575 it : 5 r -- A. j of the inspector there is one appeal. The farmer, after havinag his grain competition and | graded for the first time, can have it | This dissatis- | graded again, .and from the second led tt This le-| decision there is no appeal unless he | gislation, ha Been codified in the Ca- | cares 1b present his case to the sur- | The grad-! | vey. board. This is final. ing of grain cannot be easily done in the railway yards. Uniformity is es. sentialMo good grading, and if differ- | ent inspection offices were placed in | different railway yards, uniformity could vot be =o well maintained. The | actual grading, therefore, and the | issuing of the certificates, are done | in' offices rentéd by the government in the building of the Grain exchange Samples are taken from the car. The other details necessary for the issu- {in the yards, and both the samples re sential to grading, and inspection be- | gins at nine AM. and ends at 3P.M. Inspection turns mainly on three | points; the quality of the grain, the conditions, and the admixtures, The quality depends on soundness, color, weight and percentage of hard wheat, | the condition depends upon meisture j content, which, in doubtful' cases is | tested mechanically, hedt,vetec., the ; admixtures are tested by a process of i sieving and weighing called' "setting | the deckage." In this proceds either tthe clean grain or the . resulting screenings. can be weighed. Both are accurate. = At Winnipeg the sereen- ings are weighed, while at Fort Wil- i liam the clean grain is weighed, | therefore, in re-grading, one is a The | ing of the certificates are collected check on the other. A grade ticket is | placed on each car, after it has beén {and the details are taken to the in- | graded and when received dt the ele- | Spection office in the grain exchange. | vator determines into which bin the 1° As the grade i$ given by the in- grain shall be placel. On arrival at | Spector upon the samples presented | the elevator, records are made of to him, and as he does not see the | leakages in the cars and damages of ear from which the samples has been | any kind, so that the interests of the | taken, it is essential that'a fair aver- age sample be secured. The trains reach Winnipeg every ' day in the four.' "Sampling is-done, therefore, by wight as weH ds day, and on Sun- days as well as other days. The sam: plers wbrk together in gangs in shifts of eight hours, "Usually the gang consists of fourteen men, four of whom are track furemen, eight are samplers, one ig a gar opener and one 4 car scaler. AY consists of about 45 cars and the gang should finish with it in than one hour. The, ear opener leads off opening the ear doors and placing an empty sam- Ple bag in each car, a thei These samples are sent to the in- spector's office "where the rréal work passenger trafhc man. ager of the Grand Trunk and: Grand Trunk Pacific railways, has received a fehigram from A. MM, Mamtenson. chief of the tral department of International Expo- sition, informing him that the big fair wil open at Sam Francisco on time, and complete in every detail, on | Pe 30th. This k for international 'e: i havé usually fai Ro | the date announced for It was in April, 1800 eefing of the « the first si , that & mass SE San Pran- week, and every hbur of the twenty- | of gradiog is done. Good Hght 1s ¢s- TE IN A rar, shipper are fully protected. The grain is graded as it is taken | from the elevators and run into the steamers. In order to eliminate de- lays, this grading is necessary, An inspector, with assistants, is placed in charge of the grading, and is beld respongible for the grading out. The grain is sampled at three places, If any grain is seen at any of these pla- ees which is not up to the required grade, the stream is stopped instants Iv, and all three samples are sent to the inspection office for examination, Equal care is taken by the govern- ment to make the weighing of grain as accurately and cause for as few disputes, as to the grading. The ele- yators are all tested by government inspectors, who periodically inspect them. \ | Ready in Every Detail Fo M.S. ted by the South Oxford Reform As- sociation as candidate for the House of Commons. If necessary, in the conquered parts of Belgium and France, Ger- many will seize everything made of A number of cargoes of food stuffs are to be sent in American ships to the German population from Ger man friends in America. . : At Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., Agdrew McNamara, father of hn ¢ and Harold McNamara, of the Sham- bv is EO Todo On ps have been sent td | - - Reinforce your defences with Bovril Every one of us is being daily attacked by the battalions of illness. Sometimes they triumph, sometimes they are defeated. Colds, chills, influenza desperately endeavour to break down our resistance and pierce the line. of defence. Unless you are properly nourished, these enemies will find out your "weak spot." Therefore strengthen your whole defensive line with Bovril. It reinforces the line of defence just at the place--just at the time-- that you need that reinforcement most, It must be Bovril Of all Stores, etc, 102. 2% ¢.; Bovri! Cordial, largs, $1.23 sot FOr. qo ¢ S.. AUTOMOBILES AND CARRIAGES FOR HIRE Phone 1177 George W. Boyd, 89 Earl Street. NERE'S A TONIC THAT WILL WIN BACK YOUR NEALTH ! AYBE you ate just getting over a serjous illness. Your health and strength seem to Have deserted you, and you are worry- ing because your recovery takes so Jong. Xow is the time to assist Nature. You will find a few wineglassfuls of Puritan Invalid's Port Wine a peal totic It builds up new health and -streagth--creates rich, red blood and sends the glow of perfeet health tingling through your veins, | Doctors peescribe Puritan Invalid's Por Wine both as a preves ainst disease and as a strength-builder after ies: Se an quart bottles only. One Dollar per bottle, « The Puritan Wine Co Torgnt. 0. v " ®e; 40or. j0 0.; Bor. $1.30; Wor Pra 1-02. Johnston's Flind Boal (Vimbos), & » | The Speco | Air Moistener "It's Done By the Wick" KEEPS THE MOIST AND HEALTHFUL Fill With Water (Deodorizers and disinfectants may | be added if desired.) Hang on Radiator Next the Wall | Promotes Health and Comfort Prevents Furniture Drying Out Put one in oo room . SOLD BY Phones 333, 856, ue St Ty IT STAMPS ONE OUT OF DATE To Use "White Phosphorous Matches" It is now illegal to make "white phosphorus" time it will be unlawful to matches. In a year's sell them. ~ If you're strong for efficiency--for "Made in Canada" and 'Safety First," you will use, EDDY'S "SESQUI" NONPOISONQOUS MATCHES * : For Over Thirty Years