Farm and Fireside is publishin a constructive series of articles on hog cholera. The immense ravages of the disease are being reported and valuable suggestions for eradicating the disease are being presented D. S. Burch, associate editor of the pub- lication, is writing the articles and he shows why vaccination is of prime importance. On, this subject he says in part: '"Here is the best answer: "One man had 108 hogs, did not vaccinate them, and lost 98 from cholera. "Awother had 165 hogs, vaccinate them, and cholera. did not lost 150. from "Another had 37 hogs, did not vac- | cinate them, and lest 31 from chol- era. "Here Is a companion piece to the foregoing list. Note how these lists compare; "One man had 186 hogs, had them vaccinated and lost 2 from cholera. "Another had 111 hogs, had them vaccinated and lost 0 from cholera. "Another had 92 hogs, had them vaccinated and lost 2 from cholera." Cultivation. On many farms the depth of the cultivated soil is frequently limited to 6 inches, or thereabouts. soil 'remafus untouched; consequent- ly it is submitted neither te the air nor sunlight, both of which so ma- terially assist in its decomposition, and in preparing it for the roots of plants. 'There are few soils that are not benefited by breaking the pan and stirring--in a word, deep culti- vation, care being taken, however, not to bring up the subsoil to the sur. face. On farm land (excepting, of course, those isolated spots where 'you have a deep, well drained fertile land of a sandy nature, stocked with humus) dt is a good plan to turn up with each ploughing, say, half an in- ch 10 an inch of new soil each year until the land is sown down in pas. ture again. The greatest agents we have to help in breaking down a stiff furrow are time, heat, and colds--at: mosphere conditions, then use the oid style of 'grubber and heavy tine hac rows, using the modern spring-tooth cultivator if there are not enouzh horses on. the farm to pull the genu- ine article. in rare, very rare, cases dt may be harmless to throw the subsoil on top of the furrow; but in the writer's experience if has [n every®instance wrought' incalculable harm and ffreparable damage. | e-- Where Sheep Are Milked. The milking shéep, which is a pro- duct of the continent of Europe, Is not known in this country. Our sheep breeds, of course; furnish nitlk in the usual material way, but it is not used for human consumption. In Europe, the sheep are milked in the same way as one would milk goats, and of this milk varieties of cheese are made. It is said a very good return is furnishes | od thereby, . The sheep, however, is not "what one might call a proitfic milker, four or five pounds being a good return but it has its advantages in so far as the cheese itself is a dainty, and commands rather a high- er price than the product of cow's milk. The milking sheep, from one point of view, is long and lanky of limb, rather scraggy in appearance, with big ears, and its form errone- winter ously suggests a lack of constitution. p---- To Rid Cattle Of Lice. The time to combat cattle lice most The #9il | is turned over year after year, and | the pan or hard surfice of the.sub- ES ------ ='ery five days. when they are scarce. The necessary stabling period has | been longer this year than last, ana lice' will already be found on plenty | of cattle, particularly white colored | cattle, which are usually worse af- | tected with lice than those of other | colors. | In almost every drug store will be | found commercial eoal tar dips of | different brands. Most of these are quite satisfactory, except for the fact | that 1hey Mquids, and washing | cattle in our cold winter climate is | not to be recommended, | Lice on cattle are mostly foun j along the back and upper portions of | the body, Some farmers clip the hair off 'the tail and along the back, from | four to six inches on either side of the | backbone. Along this strip is dusted | some form &f [lee exterminator, or | fish oil can be used with splendid ef- | fect. A dusting powder that has been | highly recommended to us is the fol- lowing: Two pounds of hellebore and one pound of powdered moth balls, well mixed together. Dust this pow- der well into the hair at intervals of one' week for four or five weeks. An old tin can with small holes punched In the bottom is a very convenient shaker from which to apply the poder. y is An Egg Type Of Hen. This "question was briefly answer- ed by Tom Barron, of Catford, Eng- land, in a recent issue of Modern Farming. . Mr. Barron is perhaps as well 'or better known in the poultry world than hs been gained through his birds, which have been entered in all of the principal egg-laying con- tests all over the world, and without exception have proved to be winners. During his brief visit to the Unit- ed States, Mr. Barron gave a few notes concerning the characteristics of an egg-type of hen, he saying: "An egg-laying strain cannot, be produced by inbreeding. In order for.a bento be a good producer, she must be in good health and full of 'vigor."" = In His own case he has not bred from a male for years which was not bred 'from hens which laid 200 CEZs or over, and , he recommends that method. He does not try to overdo: the thing and has not bred for the 300-egg hen and over. His best 'record was 283 eggs in one year. He breeds for high averages instead of exceptionally high individuals, and this has been true with bot pens which 'he hae had in United States CREATE, contests, a "A layer usually stands high in front, and her 'back is not on a ievel or the rear higher than the front. The best producers usually hive large combs, w high tail, and a prominent,: large bright eye," Upon handling tHe birds he finds that moce of the lagers have thin; Straight, pel. Vie bones" What Mhere is quite a dir ference between the points of the ang lots of room for the egg and di- gestive organs. He likes the wedge ¥hebe. rather narrow in front, but widé BERiHd ahd Between the legs." | "Mr, Barron agreés that the males must be from high Mying hens. He also advises looking well to the fe- males Hoptains hens which have showit' are Mbleé to make gooa records. A hen that will not-lay well in winter ths is discarded by him, for a hen that doesn't lay well in g "will1iot' niake a good record, as a rule, and Ite wishes to breed hens that Jay eds. when eggs are highest in price. He uses two males in his 'breeding pens; Amn alterpating them ev- ni. pelvic*boness and 'the points of thel breast' bone. 'This indicates capacity |' THE The males are fuli brothers as a rule. He gets better fertility, stronger chicks, and better hatches, he thinks. Broodiness will ruin the egg record of any hen. We must breed to eliminate that from our flocks 4s much as possible. There is a blocky, beef type . in every variety which does not lay. He advises not to trap nest the entire flock, but trap nest at least a few of the most promising ones. Keep ac- curate records, pedigree the chicks, and results are sure to follow. There must be regularity in feeding. He be- lieves we should feed more moistened mashes and also believes in _some cases that is pays to soak the grain, rpdie a good rec- A hen, in order to ord, must produce gdite a large num- ber of her eggs in winter months. o---- Butter And Cheese At Fairs. Butter and cheese at fall fairs was the subject of a brief discussion by G. G. Publow, of Kingston, at the fall fairs convention. The aim -of diree- tors should not be merely to award prizes for butter and cheese, but the displays should be educational. : Publow is in the midst of his work a= chief dairy instructor for Easterr Ontarlo, and it is safe to say that the fairs in his district next year will pay more attention to bdtter and cheese as a result of his work. For this reason he was specially qualified to speak at the. convention in Toronto last week. He referred to the average display of butter at fall fairs, where it was shown in an unattractive condition. Mr. Publow advocated some sort of a refrigerator to keep the butter coo: and in proper condition. Plans can be received from Mr. Ruddick at Ot- tawa for such a refrigerator, which would be permanent and not expen- give. Another point was that the 'prize list should be kept up to-date. Mr. Publow advises elimination of prizes for roll butter. There is not much'put on the market in that way, and so prizes should be given for prints, crocks, tubs, ete., rather than the rolls. Displays of cheese should be made with speeial prizes for best collection and the display giving a permanent place. The judging should be done by uniform score card and by expert judges, who might give a: tak on the defects and the needs of the butter and cheese trade. Prizes were suggested for the ladies for fancy dishes made from cheese. In con- clusion. Mr. Publow made a plea for more attention to be given to the dairy industry in the fall fairs. Produce And Prices. Kingston, Feb. '12.--D."J. Millan re- rts : Poet. local, 'carcase, 10c. 4 1Jo.; 'hind "~ quarters, lle. to 12¢. a ib.; carcase, cuts, 1Uc. to 22c.; mut. ton, 10¢. to 12¢. per Ib.; live hogs, car- case, $#8°'per cwt.; dressed hoge, lle. per Ib.; pork, lle. to 13¢. per Ib.; by quarter; veal, l0c. to l4c.; lamb, 15¢,. per lb., by carcase. Dairy--Butter, creamery, 33c. 3be.; prints, 30c. to 33e¢.; rolls, 30c.; fresh eggs, 10o.; packed eggs, 320.4 to to Vegetables--Unions, $1 "a bushel; 8, © U1 bbe. per bugil; cab- bage, 60c. to Tbe. per dogen; po- tatoes, 60c, bush.; pumpkins, 6¢. to 10¢, turnips, 60c. a 3 earrots, 40c. 8 pushy; celery, Bc. to 10¢c. a bunch. . A. McFarlane, Brock street, re- ports grain and flour selling lows : -- Oats, 60c. per bush.: wheat, $1.00 per bushel; yellow feed corn, 9c. ger bushel; bakers' flour, per 98 lbs, cornmeal, $250 per ewt.; $27 per ton; shorts, $29; straw, $9 per ton; baled hay, $18 per ton; straw, $8 a tonzbarley, 85¢.; loose: bay, $17 to $18 per ton; ground and crac $1.80; heat, 83c. bush. No 'quotation on flour. The Dominion Fish company reports the following : Whitefish, 12}c. to 13e. 1b.: pike, 12je. 1b; blue fish, 15¢.; Chiovok = salmon, 0c. pound; alt water salmon, 15c., 20c., 250.° Ib. fresk | lock, 124e. per 1b.; steak cod, 124c.; salmon trout, por Ib; bleaters, 560c. a doz.; pickerel, 5c; pee lb; kippers, 60c. a doz; fresh. salt water herring, 40e. dozen; Gunan haddies, 12§c. per . Ib; oye . : quart; fillets, as fol ters, Do, and' G00. tsmoked). 15c. a 1b.; fresh 2M¢. to 26¢. Ib.; mackerel, 18c. blue fish, 15¢. 1b. Poultry~--Fowl, 10c.. to 12. 3 chickens, 60c. to $1,10 or 12¢ to 15¢. a lb.; ducks, 12¢.-t0 15e. lb; arkevs. 12¢ to 18¢ a Ib.; live fowls, 80c. to $1 a pair. R. I. Toye quotes fruit thus : Oran- dbo. a doz.: cranberries, hl DAILY BRITISH WHIG, Mr.) SATURDAY, FEBRUARY Striking Letters D =h A gentleman has kindly sent. us a letter from his son in the Army Service Corps in which he says: : I must tell you how delighted I was to get the OXO CUBES. They are great. You should have seen us preparing them. We made a wood fire by the roadside, and boiled the water in an empty petrol can enough for three of us. - The OX wis made in my dixie can, in which we soaked some biscuits. We then placed the can on the fire to boil ; time it was raining hard, but we were repaid by the satisfaction we got for our efforts. I shall be very pleased to get some more when you are sending again, a « good cup of OX before we tum in at night considerably warms us up. all the Follow the example of the men quickly and effectively. OXO fatigue. Added to stews and nourishing and save expenditure sleigh journeys and outdoor Spo a quick hot meal in a moment: needs of all classes. : In 10c. and 25c¢. Tins Also in tins of 50 and 100 Cubes. . ' A A A pm will prevent the little illness of today | Bulk from becoming the big sickness of | 'omorrow and after. For troubles of | es SIGOUEYS SYA YOU tan rely oh Finnan a BEECHAM'S {Kipersd PILLS Sold everywhere. [3 boxes, 25 cents ig the Value of OXO CUBES From a member of the London Scottish with the British Expeditionary, Force. i AA A AA AN ttl A SN ANN Oysters, Gin 13, 1915. 0X0 CUBES at the War emonstrating And so after all these horrors here l am ving in a cow byre some way!away. from the firing line to recuperate. Like manna, however, your glorious box has arrived, coffee and milk, butter, OXO+-- oh: joy! Never was seen a more glorious box, and¥ali my 'cow byre is interested in it. . We" stared to-night on our feast, and I am to thank yousboth from all my section for being so generous. Reprinted from the London " Globe," December 1 208, 1984 at the front, who have proved" in emergencies that OXO CUBES give warmth and nourishment CUBES build up strength to resist cold and disease; they increase nutrition; they remove hashes they make food more on mea they are handy for rts--with hot water they make in fact, they' exactly meet the Ef "owARDS Haddies eep Coal - Herings Fish Co. * PHONE 'B2v, 1 i L i Ar. | | | | i | Culling» | ALUNI LR LF 3 (RN HELIREILTSS Double Track. Boute The International Limited -- No 1. Daily WESTBOUND v. Kingston .... . Toronto ... Ar. Hamilton .. Ar. Loudon BASTBOUND Lv. Kingston . Ottawa. .... . Montreal , . New York . Portland . . Springfield . . Boston... . 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