PAGE TEN > GARBAGE INCINERATION NOW UNDER DISCUSSION passim Ald. 6. C. Wright Gives Some | Interesting Information. KINGSTON HAS NEED 0 AN INCINE RATOR TO HANDLE ITS GARBAGE, A Mixed Collection Advocated--De- struction By Most Sanitary as Well as The Most Efficient, Wright matter of By George C. While the is being Garbage Committee appointed © City Council, it is interesting to into the subject and see what is being done in other places. In. Great Btitain and Ireland tt and some 2 50 municipalities anc towns where (incinerators are erect- ed some 75 municipalities combine the incinerators with the electrica. plants and utilize every pound waste in the generation of electri energy In Manchester, Eng., the corpora- tion opefates 58 destructive cells, with which the city's waste and gar- bage is entirely destroyed and ihe steam utilized for the operation ul the sewage 'disposal plant In the great centre of Liverpool the municipality operates some 43 + cells generating heat for the electric- al department which brings a re venue of from £7,600 to £8,000 per annum. N At the Haddesdon Urbon- district the incineration is carried on by one cell of the steam being utilized and the clinkers from the fires used io spread over the filter beds in con- nection with, the "purification plant run in connection with the plant. In Dublin two sets of boilers are operated, and some 100 tons of gar- bage and refuse consumed twenty-four hours. * After midnight the refuse is drawn from the outla;- ing districts by the local railway corporation in special <€onstructed dump cars, The plant overlooks) the municipal buildings and no com~ plaints have ever been heard about its operation. 'In Seattle, Washington, the in- cinerator was erected by the Cor- poration Engineer; it consumes 67 to 70 tons per 24 hours, operates a 220 H.P. boiler giving a steam pres: sure of 160 Ibs. The power is utii- ized for the operation of a- million! gallon pump for fire . protection. There are forced draft apparatuses for boilers, and a 250 H.P. A.C. gen- erator. No fuel of any kind has been used in this plant since stari- ing of operations in 1908. Milwaukee has the largest destruc- tor.in the United States. Some 300 tons of refuse are consumed every incineratioa 80 great as since the orders. heaith.. Fifty cents a lucineration Is the © discussed by the Specialy y ney, evary- | perfect Edmanson, Bates & Co., Fasist on getting what you ask for put Ar The Situaticn In Kingston hin teens 16. 0 " the rublysl » plant ° t handle this is i tself ver small affair, not - any larger th n an, ordi nary boiler sett of or 100) HP. ouly ¢ cut oli n an enormous neat bage, dss to outside wood fire wrate y § al or t great wrt the This drives off the moistur in the to vapor, thi wid | immediately ig nites and internal combustion is set ip which bake the clinker in from one and a half to hours. It has no chance to stew.and smoke as when put in an ordinary kitchen range, Dust re tention and combustion chambers are built Taside the destructor which entirely eliminate any nuisance. No smells or smoke come from the chin as thewe are entirely. destroyed before they reach the flue by the terrifie heat generated in the cells. In fact the heat is so intense that the brick work has to be held to- gether" by numerous steel rods and plates bolted and fastened on " both sides god top, for if this were not done the walls would give way and buckle under the terrific blast. A refuse destuctor is a complete self-contained plant, consisting of fur- naces and operating machinery, de- signed for receiving and destroying under most modern sanitary condi- tions all the household refuse of a ¢ity, without giving offence or being otherwise objectionable to those who reside in the vicinity, and at the least cost for labor in operation and upkeep. The destructor is the development of years of experience in older coun- tries. It is the result of many ex- periments and many failures on the part of engineers to produce a system which will successfully burma 'all classes of refuse in one furnace, and keep. the temperature above a cer- tain: point which has been .estab- lished as being necessary to destroy all organic matter, and to dissociate the gasses of combustion and free them entirely from foul odors. In a destructor everything is thrown into the fufnace and burned at a high 'temperature yithout the use of additional fuel. Advantage is taken of every known means to tlie combustion conditions. heat refuse in oxvgen ipor splits trogen which mass. into a solid two VTS ay: NERVES The Nervous Strain of Recent Months Has Ruined the Health of Many a Business Man. - Sleeplessness, Headache, Nervous Indiges- tion, Irritability and Depression Tell of Exhausted Nerve Force. Never before has the strain on the nerves of the business man been With some it has been a question of lessened profits, while others have been thrown out of em- ployment or segn their business go down with a crash. + Worry and anxiety are the most frequent causes of nervous dis- It is, therefore, not to be wondered at that in many cases the depression in business has resulted in shattered nerves and ruined beginnitig of the war, r. Chase's Nerve Food has proven itself the greatest of nerve re- otis It is no miracle-worker, but supplies to the human body, in condensed and easily assimilatéd form, the ingredients from which Nature forms new, rich blood and new nerve force. * When the nervous system is greatly. exhausted it requires patient treatment to revitalize the wasted and depleted nerve cells. "is brought about by the building-up process, you ¢an be sure that each dose of this great food cure is at least doing you some good, and that the results are bound to be beneficial. . By the use of Dr. Chase's Nerve Food the vital organs of the body are quickened into action. Digestion improves, the heart's action is strengthened, the liver, kidn and bowels resume their natural functions, and, the system is benefited in every way. G'oom and discouragement give place to new hope and courage, and you are helped on the way to health and success. box, all dealers, or Limited, Toronto. =~ O hase's ecipe ] ook, 1,00 ) selecte PT oR ee a "ek THE DAILY BRITISH WHIG, SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1915. ; : The air is preheated before being fed? y the fires, and ed draft rol 'of the tem, of for which Is under| attend- | n-| Ststing ma- | moving 31 the} { above r the raw and re ructor are i LT nature irkers and steam ard and clean, d to the proper size with' cement and sand | 1 clase of conerete. | generated "in the | and 2 available for! , Steam pumps, t may be used for} uitable building for a destruc- ¢f the power plant type, and is y of brick or concrete. Where To Build, A destructor should be located as near. as possible to the centre of pop- ulatioh, for the obvious reason of re- ducing to a minimum' the length of haul for the collecting carts and con- quently the number of collectors required At the same time, con- sideration must 'be given te the uti- lization of the steam which the plant will generate By making good usé of this steam the net cost of main- tenance is greatly reduced. The amount of steam available depends upon the composition' of the refuse]. burned. + A good plant should give from one pound to two pounds of steam per pound of refuse. The contour of the city should be taken'int6 consideration in choosing the site. It is better to have the collecting carts travel on a down grade when loaded, as they will be in approaching a plant; in returning empty they will then take the up- grade. No method heretofore tried can approach the destructor system for handling the city refuse; and no method © i8 so s¢ factory to the Health Department, the. Street De- partment, and to the citizens at large. Advantages of Incineration. Incineration ig at once sanitary, ex- peditious, and economical in first cost and maintenance. The plants are free from nuisance, and may, therefore, be centrally located. Thus the cost of collecting is minimized, owing to the relative shortness of haul on the part of the scavenging waggons; and since the average city refuse burnt best of all when rubbage and garhage are thor- oughly mixed, there is no necessity. for the householder to keep the refuse in separate receptacles. Thus we have an advantdge in this system to the collect- ing force as well as to the house- holder. " _ refuse Furnaces for burnifg mixed Since cure ie supplied by a sys-| ol Perfection | utilized out 2 the | mum | gate, Blackpool, Chiswick, have now been brotight toa bigh state and have in score of vears come 1nlo Very Lse Iu Lae world, first in principal cities iis countr i hese furnaces are com moluy Epovwn gs d , and may be briefiy d I'as a plant con aratus ber, chimney,. power devices and disposal features are .i most modern destructor irnace { these cluded in the Revenues Obts dined. The cost plant is in mpd ip the re the elinkey ofiset eguent quile ove from the Lo Bleam power can by venue derived operation of th cheaper © and used if "maxi From a wted plant an evapor to two pounds of nd of refuse consumed ile, depending upon the refuse burned and the sisture contained in it. this to a city will' be a comparison. Sup pose twenty tons of refuse gre deliv ered to a plant in twenty-four hours and this is all burned during' sixteen hours of the day. At thé minimum rate of production of on¢ pound of steam per pound of refuse, the total steam generated for the day would be 40,000 pounds, which if burned in sixteen hours would be 2,500 pounds per hour, or eighty boiler 'horse power, at thirty pounds of water per horsepower per hour, or say It 0 engine horse-power. This would go long way toward - operating eithew, for water disposal, or even for tricity for mun railway operation. Separate Collection. A separate collection of city has been found to. consist of distinct classes of material : First, and probably the most trou- blesome to take care of, is kitchen garbage. - This rontains a large per- centage of water, and must he col- lected and dispose «d of promptly be- fore it begins to putrefy. The second hold rubbish, plant, a wn boiter setling 'may hau ethicien is sought. properly const: ation of fron water per. pe readily obtaina quality of the amoynt of m Lhe value of appreciated | one in a City a pumping plant, supply or for sewage generating elec ¢ refuse three class consists of house- such as rags, paper, bottles, old clothes, sweepings, etc, generally highly inflammable, and only difficult to dispose of because' of the extreme variation in Lhe size and shape of the ingredients. - The third class consists chiefly of household ashes, not in themselves a dificult thing to dispose of if they could: bé kept entirely free from the other classes of yefuse. As a mat- ter of fact, it is found that Bhis is practically hnpossible. , Such large quantities of garb id their way into the household s, as collect ca in the average American city, that they are practically useless for filling land without first béing sterilized to destroy the organic matter. For a separate collection, we have the requirement for the householder to keep the material in three separ- ate receptacles; the necessity 'for mak- ingthree calls at each house; and the covering of the same ground by three different classes of collectors. --- Mixed Collection, For a mixed refuse collection the requirements are much simpler. Here the wixing is done by the household- er, who places 'the garbage and rubbish in one receptacle. A simple form of collecting waggon is used, which receives the mixed contents of the cans. Such a waggon need mot necessarily be water-tight, because in the mixed refuse the free water - is absorbedds 'by the drier materials found in the rubbish and .ashes. The household visitation need. not be so frequent, because the mixture with rubbish and ashes greatly retards the tendency of the garbage to decom- pose. The cans are tipped into the waggons 'with greater freedom dust, and the mixed material oceu- pies much less space, since the finer particles are contained within the voids of the: more loose materials. There can be no doubt that the mix- ed collection is prefe: rable from prac- tically every point ef view, and pos- *esses such great advantages that it' is doubtful if it is ever compensa- ted for (from the citizens' point of view) by economies realized from any method of disposal requiring a sep- arate collection. Disposal Of Garbage What is the best method of dis posing of household garbage and street refuse? This question, pre- sents a serious problem in an in- creasing number of Canadian towas. Municipal and sanitary engineers .n Canada, Great Britain and- the Uni.- ed States have devoted much study to it, and have made many experi- ments: with various methods to as- | certain the most economical and effi- cient system of disposal. Opinion is nearly unanimous that destruction by 'high temperature incineration i3 the most sanitary as well as th» most efficient. In several instancos low temperature destructors. nave been installed because of their re- duced cost, but ex e has prov- ed that this is not- true economy. As a result, almost all the incinera- tors installed, both in the . United States and Canada, within the las: five years, are examples of the Euro- pean practice of high temperatures. The following cities and towns in the British Isles have incinerators located in the business of residential districts; Gloucester, adjacent to the Gloucester Cathedral; Dublin, (Rathmies) adjacent to City Hall; 'London, (Woodgreen) heart of res. dential district; Lowestoft, Ranms- Becken- ham, Bolton, Sheffield. The following cities and towns in the United States and Canaia have incinerators located im the centre of the business or residentia: districts: New York City at New Brighton; Houston, Texas; London, adjacent to Victoria Hospital; Pet. erborough, Swift Current. The following cities in Canada have incinerators: Calgary, Edmon- ton, Moose Jaw, Saskatoon, Swil: Current, Winnipeg, Fort W._liam Regina, Windsor, Sault Ste. Marie, icipal lighting or street, from | Furope aud later in! steam boiler, regenerator, | a destructor | anced, by 1 sale oi | v Until you know the name 'Black Cat' and all it stands for in cigarette quality, you cannot enter into the zone of complete smoking enjoyment. Black Cat Cigarettes are a good thing to have in your knapsack. When you're foraging for smokes, don't be content with The name "Black Cat" smokers everywhere as the countersign that signifies "good smoking." anything "almost as good." 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Try to figure or acre. the Long Distance Telephone can save you precious time! 8 "Evers Bull Telephone te Long Distance Station" 'The Bell Telephone Co. § It's enough to disgust a hypocrite ! when he discovers that the man he! posing for is no better than | [Phone J 5717 nr THOMAS COPLEY Telephone 987. Drop a card to 13 Pine street when wanting anything done in the carpen- | tery line. Estimates given on all kinds | of repairs and new work; also hard- | wood floors of all kinds. All orders | will receive prompt attention. Shop 1 40 Queen Street. | AUTO LIVERY i Bibby's Garage A-1 Auto Mechanics Agents, Dodge Bros. Phones: 201, G : 917, Seine | TRON: BR 5 BEDS | |SPRI NGS $2.50, $3, p .$10.50, $13.50, $18 | Ex. Couches, all steel, upholstered fa | Dinim, $10.50, $12.50, $18.00, Leading Undertaker Ae a ----