PAGE TWELVE COMPULSORY TRAINING HOW AUSTRALIA TEACHES RIS. ING GENERATION TO SHOOT. System of Military Instruction Is| Modefled on That of Switzerland, But Begins With Twelve-Year-Old Boys--It- Ends In the Citizens' Force at. Twenty-8ix, Last year the Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces, Gen. Sir Ian Hamilton, traveled from one end of 'Australia to the other, inspecting the foregs of the young army there, and in his report he was clearly enthus- dastic. He went to Australia an op- ponent of the compulsory service sys- tem for military purposes, but came away with a very different opinion of the value and of the success of the method when properly applied. Australia's entire population has Just reached 6,000,000. There are, roughly, 3,000,000 square miles of country within the boundaries of the Commonwealth, so that it is the most sparsely people country on the globe's face. While Australia's method is mod- eled on that so well known in Swit- zerland, it differs therefrom in sev- eral respects, It begins with the lads of the school-going age of twelve, It is required that all boys shall be registered, and as the scheme became operative in 1911, all boys registered as having been born in 1900 became liable for training as Junior Cadets, and thse born four years earlier were required to join the Senior Ca- dets, With a complete system of registration it is thus easy to trace the. boys through the various stages till as men of 26 or 26 they complete ~ their period of service and are then sufficiently trained to take their place in the defence forces whenever called upon. Each year a number Automatically pass from one stage to another just as the ranks of the Junior Cadets are augmented by the boys reaching the age of twelve in that year. The method of registra- tion is simple. Forms may be ob- talned from any postoffice, and when filled in must be sent to the 'area' officer or local postmaster, Failure to register incurs the liability of a fine of $50. The scheme upon which Australia is working is one that was practieally laid down by Lord Kitchener who visited the Com- monwealth for the purpose in 1909, and will not; in the ordinary way, reach its full strength until 1919-20, when there should be 4,500 officers and 130,500 of other ranks, or a total of 135,000. The Junior Cadets' course of train- Ing extends over two years, compris- ing 90 hours of each year. By ar- rangements with the Education De- partments, this training is done dur- ing school hours, so that when the lad presents himself at the age of fourteen for the Senior Cadets he must have completed in that period the junior course. Special instructors are provided by the Commonwealth authorities, The Commonwealth instructors train the school teachers, and they, in turn, impart the knowledge to the Junior Cadets, : At the age of 14 the young Austra- lian is transferred to the Senior Ca- dets, and is required for the next four years to attend forty drills each year. Four of these drills are classed as whole days of not less than four hours each, twelve as half days of two hours each, and the remainder may be night drills of not less than one hour each. To meet special cases, such as lads working at any trade which makes it inconvenient to at- tend the drills set down, modifica- tions may be made, but the minimum of attendance allowed is 64 hours per annum. The four years' training in the Senior Cadets is calculated to set the foundation work necessary to en- able the youth to take up service in Any arm. Neither the Junior nor Senior Ca- dets are required to attend military ckmps, It is after he reaches his eighteenth year that the young Aus- t who has undergone his physi- cal and the elementary work of the first two stages, sets himself seriously to the important work. He Ww promoted to the Citizen i i Hit OLD FASHIONED HINTS. How To Aid the Housewife's Struggle For Cleanliness. It would seem as if about half of woman's whole duty In life, if she fol- lows the profession of housewife, con- +8ists of various kinds of cleaning-- fighting and struggling day after day against just plain dirt, Yet when you consider how largely our civilization depends on the elimination of dirt this doesn't 'seem such a tiresome duty, after all. The baby's bath, washing clothes, cleaning rooms, "doing dishes," dust- ing---all these things that take up so large a share of the housewife's time are simply phases of the general cru- sade against dirt. Here are some old fashioned hints to aid the process of cleaning: To clean grease spots from clothing or carpet an old and good rule calls for four parts of alcobol to one part of ammonia and half as much ether as ammonia. Apply the mixture to the spot and then rub with clear wat- er and a cloth. To take grease spots from rugs or carpets, if you act at once, a thor- ough coating of cornmeal rubbed into the spot issoften effective. Another method is to lay a blotting paper over the spot and then press over it with a hot flat iron, repeating this process several times. Care should be taken fiot to press over an oiled or varnish- ed floor. To clean blankets the old fashioned method was to use a "pounder" or any smooth piece of wood that could be used to pound the soap and water into the blankets, as rubbing on a board is not good for blankets. Dis- solve soap in boiling water to make a good suds and add a tablespoonful of ammonia. Pour scalding hot over the blankets and then with the '"pound- er" work thoroughly into the blan- kets. Rinse in hot water. Put the blankets through the wringer and then pull into shape. This operation requires two persons, one holding one end and pulling against another per- son holding the other end of the blanket, To clean the inside of jars and bot- tles fill them with hot water and then stir in a teaspoonful of baking soda. Shake well and rinse. To clean mattresses use a paste of cold water and starch. After the mat- tresses have been thoroughly beaten and freed from dust spread this paste freshly made on all spots and expose to the sun for several hours; then rub off the starch. A second applica- tion of this paste should be tried if the first is not entirely satisfactory. Culinary Courtship. Janet had molded the domestic af- fairs of the family with whom she lived for so many years that the news of her intended marriage had much the effect of an earthquake. 'Have you and David been engaged long?" ventured the mistress of the house- hold. "One week when next Sabbath comes," stated Janet briefly. "And---and had you any thought of marrying before that?" asked her mistress. "Times I had and times I had not," sald the imperturbable Janet, "as any person will. But a month ago when I gave David a wee bit of the cake I'd been making and he said to me, 'Janet, have you the recipe firm in your mind, lass, so you could make it If Mrs. Mann's book would be far from your reach?' I knew well the time was drawing short. her eyes at the recollection, "I said to him, 'David, lad, the recipe is cop- ied in a little book of my own,' and I saw the glint in his eye I reckoned 'twould be within the month he'd ask me.' Sweltering, Odorous Hodeidah. "Where can one find a more filthy, hot, sweltering, odorous town than Hodeldah?"" asks a recent traveler re- garding the Arabian port where the misdeeds of Turkish officials have led to trouble with Italy. A filthier town it would indeed be difficult to dis- cover, even in Asiatic Turkey, and the character of its inhabitants may be judged from the fact that the Akh- dam Arabs, who are treated as out- casts by all the other tribes, have been allowed to establish themselves in Hodeldah. Nevertheless, the port is the gateway to ome of the most beautiful, fertile and populous re- gions of Arabia, and had a flourishing trade in days prior to Turkish mis- rule. : Then He Landed. "Beauty is 4 woman's most im- portant attribute," said a beauty doe- tor. 'She who increases paper office and said: ~ " 'Are you the managing editor?' *" 'Yes, was the reply. "And when," said Janet, closing| tenth Ed ry & Practical Home Dress Making Lesrons Prepared Especially For This Newspaper by Pictorial Review SECTIONAL SKIRT IN BLACK TAFFETA. Among the many puzzling new de- signs in skirts this model stands out for Its cordial reception by leaders of fashion. In blue or black taffeta it is very smart. The fashionable public accepts with unreserved acclaim the sectional skirt in taffeta as being one of the dressiest of the separate models. Exceedingly chic is the model shown here, rhade with straight lower edges. It closes at the center back. In medium size the skirt requires to make 3% yards 36- inch taffeta, with 7% yard belting 2 inches wide for stay. If cut on the bias § yards of material 36 Inches wide will be needed. In spite of the complicated effect of the skirt it is very simple to put to- gether. After the center-back seam is closed throughout the six lower sec- tions, the edges of the upper one being left free for the opening, the upper edges of each section are gathered between double "TT" perforations. Now turn under lower edges % inch deep and stitch 3-16 of an inch from the folded edges, inserting a cord. Join sections as notched, making the cen- ter-fronts and back seams even. Ad- just stay to position underneath the upper edge of skirt, with centers even, and stitch the upper edges together. If desired, a cable cord can be added to the top of each frill, and nothing is prettier than this same finish for the bottom-most section, The full skirt is said to be a fore- runner of hoopskirts, and it. certainly is gaining in faver. There has also been some interest in the skirt that is held out just below the hips with a whalebone, but as yet the silhouette thus produced is not at all usual, # Pictorial 'Review Skirt No. 6265. 'Sizes 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 inches waist. Frice, 15 cents. a 7 A STRANGE CHARITY. Two London Women Captured 470, 000 Cats In 15 Years. A strange story of how two elderly spinsters of London, one on a bicycle and the other on a tricycle, searched parks and alleys of the English capi- tal and collected 479,000 stray cats in fifteen years is told in London. The documents contained the testi- mony taken before Richard Westa- cott. Mr. Westacott sat as commis- sioner appointed by Surrogate Fow- ler, to decide whether the Animal Refuge League of London, now afiliated with the Royal Society For Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, is a beneficiary of the estate of Miss Elizabeth G. Ewen. Miss Ewen left her residuary estate, worth $300,000, to be equally divided among ten associations, all of whieh had to do with the care of animals. "A clause directed that a Pe given "to the c-'y house (Miss Kafe Renning), London, Cng- lagd."" The Animal Refuge League claimed the bequest, and so did the London Institution For Lost and Starving Cats. Surrogate Fowler appointed the commission to settle the disputed point, At.one time an attempt was made to beak the will on the ground that Miss- Ewén was of unsound mind, but this failed. The fact that she bad béeén married to a bogus baron, who turned out to be Otto ven Koenitz, an ex-convict, was used in the effort to prove her insane. The marriage was annulled. Among the witnesses summoned in London were Edward George Faire- holm, chiéf secretary to the Royal Society For the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; Miss Elizabeth Clegg, a close friend of Miss Kate Cording, who established the Animal Refuge League, and Mrs. Zoe Constance Morgan, who was interested in eat rescue work, Mr. Faireholm told how his so- clety had taken over the Cording Cat home and said that the organization, backed by the King and Queen, re- ceived as as $280,000 a year in donations. en he related that Miss Cording had died a pauper on April 7, 1913, in an anti-vivisection hospi- tal at Battersea. Everything she owned had been devoted to cats. From the stories of Mrs. Morgan Amman, "ms 479,000. All efforts to get her to reduce the figure failed. She had her notebook with her, and in it she had kept a complete record of the work. She asserted that between Jan. 1, 1913, and the date of Miss Cording's death they had taken over 11,000 animals, Yet It Cured Him. An amusing story is told of a man' who was suddenly attacked im the night by a violent fit of earache. His wife told him that there was on the window sill by the bed a bottle of chloroform liniment and récomimend- ed him to rub some on his face. With- out. striking a light he reached out for the bottle, pulled out the stopper, and pouring some of the contents in- to his hand, anointed his face from mouth to ear. Very soon he announc- ed that the pain was better, lay down again and went to sleep. He was awakened in the morning by a cry of horror from his wife. "What is the matter?" he inquired. "Look at your face!" was the reply. A glance in the glass showed him that his face on one side was as black as a negro's. The bottle which he had grasped in the dark had con- tained not chloroform, but ink. Captured a General. An Algerian sharpshooter named Bel Hadi Hamad, at present in hos- pital near St. Malo, is the hero of an exploit which resulted in the capture of the German General Freise. The Algerian was the first of a party of French troops to enter a f; pied by the general and some staff officer. He at once threw himself up- on the general, who fired two revol- ver shots at him, wounding him ser- fously in the right ankle and the left EF HE "gafraingd Hii £2 hs i it gs J CHINA'S HEAD WORSHIPS. Kneels Before Altar of Heaven-- Ancient Manchu Rite. President Yuan Shih Kai appeared before the alter of heaven in Pekin and revived the worship of heaven at the 'winter solstice, an observance neglected sinée the passing of the Manchu dynasty in 1811. In this the President of the Republic took upon himself a function and rite which in the past always has been reserved to the Emperor of China in his capacity of Tien Tsz, or Son of Heaven. The President worshiped at the fa- mous circular altar, the most impor- tant of all Chinese religious strue- tures. 'It is located in a sacred park three miles from the palace of the emperors and is'surrounded by sacred buildings. This altar formerly was regarded in China as the centre of the universe. Yuan Shih Kai submitted a bill to the Chinese administrative council last January prescribing the worship of heaven and of Confucius for the President of China, and the measure was passed by the council. This act was regarded as tantamount to estab- lishing a state religion for China. During the deliberations of the coun- cil it was set forth that the President of thie republic should worship at the Temple of Confucius and at the tem- ple of heaven annually, as had been the custom of the Chinese Emperor. The worshiping of tho President be- fore the altar of heaven appears to be a carrying out of the purposes then set forth. The President was instruct- ed on these religious occasions to wear the robes of the high dukes de- signed during the Chow dynasty in the year 1122 B.C. It was then taken for granted that all the old time rites would henceforth be re-established with Confucianism as the state reli- glon, swinging back the pendulum to where it was before 1911. Asked Too Late, With the last drop of gasoline gone, Umson found his machine stall- ed by the roadside, fully six miles from Struthers, at three o'clock in the morning. He was overjoyed when he saw, approaching through the dark- ness, the glimmer of a lighted lan- tern. A law rumble soon gave evi- dence that the light was attached to a vehicle of some kind, and soon a wagon drawn by two stout horses hove into sight. "There's a five spot in it for you if you tow me into town," hailed Um- son. The driver readily consented, For an hour or more they rode in the approaching 'dawn. Just before they reached the village Umson called to the man on the wag- on seat: "Pretty early to be on the road, isn't it?" "Yes," the driver returned, "but I have to be out early to get all over my route." . While he was handing out the $5 Umson inquired: * "What is your business?" And he nearly dropped in his tracks when the man replied: "I peddle gasoline in the village." Thought She Had Arrived. "I have moved into a perfect gem of an apartment on the sixth floor of one of those new houses," said the woman who paints china, "and am reveling in its liberal supply of fresh air and sunlight." "But don't you find the stairs an overbalancing disadvantage?' asked an acquaintance. "The thought of the cozy quarters at such moderate cost colors my climb with the roseate hue of optimism," laughed the artist, 'but one of wm customers, middle aged and filled with good food and the joy of living, evidently found it a harrowing ex- perience. . "It seemed ages that I waited in' the hall after the ringing of the lower bell, and upon hearing the labored breathing of my ascending visitor I . ran back for the smelling salts. "When I had administered all the means of resuscitation at hand she managed to articulate between gasps: '" 'I thought St. Peter always open- ed the door'." j > The professor of matursl philoso- phy in Trinity College gave the class a problem to think over during the n.ght and answer the next day. The question was this: 3 "If a hole were bored through the centre of the earth from side to side and a ball dropped into it would it come to a state of rest?" Next morning a student was called up on this philosophical problem. "What answer do you ® this question?" asked the prof "Well, really," said he, "I have not thought of the main Wentgn, but of a preliminary one. are you going to get that hole through?" Family Connections, A Persian merchant, complaining bitterly of some unjust sentence, was told by the judge to go to the cadi. "But the cadi is your uncle," pro- tested the plaintiff. "To the sultan, then." "But his favorite sultans is your niece," walled the injured one. The Talk of Fashionable Women Are those pretty crea- tions in Spring Foot- wear now being display- od in our windows. They are fresh from the style designers of line shoes. Bad or Indifferent. Each shoe is a - But a cup of ich shoe is the eor rect expression of what Dame © Fashion calls "style." They are pleas- ing to look at and fault- less in fit, The newest in Pumps and Oxfords, The Sawyer Shoe Store MEANS JUSTONE THING--the most delicious beverage ever poured into a coffee cup. CHASE & SANBORN MONTREAL ny Erinn un una n HAAN URE AB AN ARAN FEEL LTR EI i ] does not acll the "D. & A" of the "La Dive" Corsets, The superior value of the "D & A' and the "La Diva" Corsets has made hundreds of thousands of women wear them, The "D & A" and the "La Diva" are made by the Dominion Corset Co., in one of the finest corset factories in the world, 7-15 a CO SODANENOARERRRURNREDRINEY 2 ALE --- STOUT --- LAGER PURE --~ PaLaTaABLE -- NuTrITiOUS --- BEVERAGES FOR SALE BY WINF ax SPIRIT MERCHANTS EVERYWHERE LOCAL OPTION --Residents in the local option districts can legally order from this brewery. whatever they require for personal or family use. Write to JOHN LABATT, Loaren, Lonpow, CANADA | "For Better or for Worse" The bridegroom says it--but in his heart he believes it can only be "for better". The of the = 8 : ingtima of fe the ite Fins lors an roseate J. ine day in June