[SWEET CLOVER A RIVAL OF ALFALFA ® ; _ other plants, £1 . live hundred pedple: . a field with this clove ~ under in the fall. v PAGE TWELVE Eh mn J A EI News And Views Of A When an intelligent farmer, after growing alfalfa with good results for forty-seven years, stops raising that erop entirely, people are inclined to be curious, This farmer, William Linton, of Aurora, however, will an- swer their questions in one sen- tence "I have stopped growing alfalfa because 1 have found something bet- ter." "That's prove it" Mr. Linton has preved it, not only to his own satisfaction, but to that of hig neighbors as well, That "something" which wellknown farmer 'has found sweet clover all right," you say, "but this is History of the Plant, is a rather 'interesting bit of history that led up te the discover. ing of this So-called weed. Mr. Linton's son, while walking along the railroad, noticed bees collecting around the plants, and, thinking it would be a good thing for his own bees, secured some seed apd sowed it in Nis pasture. In this pasture were fifteen head of cattle, and when the bee feed began to come up the tock left the frésh pasture and turned to fhe sweet clover, and the result was they were so fond of it that it never got a chance to flower. Tho father was then persuaded io grow some, "l sowed three-quar- ters of an acre near the road so Ypeople could see it" They saw it all right, and most of them thought me, well to put jt mildly," rather foolish "Besides sowing fourtéen acres #nd giving three bushels to my son, 1 sold over $120 worth of seed off that one small fleld. "The next year I plowed an acre under in the orchard with splendid results It Selling the Seed. "I had" no difficulty in disposing of the seed from the thirteen acres, Five and a half loads of clover were threshed out, and I sold the seed for $2,000, In one day the seed man in Toronto took $1,000 worth, "Next year twenty-five acres were sown, and the seed was sold to over Every pro- vince except Prince Edward Island received some, 1 sent one ship- ment of over $300 worth to Mani- toba." "Now, just what is sweet clover?" I asked. its founder, "Sweet clover 18 a legume, and, like all legumes, adds nitrogen to the soil At the present time. the surface-rooting plants are beginning to suffer for want of rain, while' sweet clover, with its deep roots, is thriving on an abundant supply far below the reach of the roots of The root system of Sweet clover is enormous. There probably is no field crop plant that WII send its roots so deep and so completely fill the ground with them as will sweet clover. This whole root iystem dies the second year of the plant's life and goes back into de. cay. If it is true that this system has built up from potash secured from the sub-soil and from nitrogen se. cured from the air, then their decay must not only add nitrogen but must add potash and other mineral ele, ments as well, As a Green Manure, "lI ploughed down a piece that in the orchard last xpek." Mr. Linton remarked, "We put a heavy chain on the plow and it was not a bad job at all, "You would be surprised to note the results on the soil the year af- ter, Two years ago we sowed half and oats, The other half was put into oats only. After the crop was harvested we let the clover grow up and plowed it } The same grain wis sown the next year over the like whole field, but where the legume had been plowed under, the oats were from eight inches to a foot higher This land here is a heavy clay, and bakes very easily, but with a crop of sweet closer turned under Lit loosens it up like ® loam. "Do you handle this plant similar to the 'other clover?" "No, it is rather harder, but after a few years' experience I have found the best time for seeding is in J) | the spring, and preferably on fall | ! wheat or rye, better on the 3now in | March and without stirring the soil. | If sown with an over-crop -do 30 | as 'early as possible; With spring wheat or barley or oats, barley is the best. It 13 a great mistake in sowing grass seed of any kind with a nurse crop to use too much seed, and 'trying to raise a full yield of grain. It is folly to smother out your clover, alfalfa or sweet clover, by sowing bushels of oats per acre, thereby expecting a full crop of grain, and at the same time to look for a good catch of your seeds. It is always best, if you use oats as a burse crop, to use the" earliest va- rieties and sow not over one -and a half-bushels to the acre It may be sown in the spring without a cover crop, and it will grow through- i'out the season-and be pasiured in | the Tall, or a crop of hay may be cut in September or October. We sowed six acres in our corn after the last working, which grew all right, but we do not know yet what the result will be. "Sweet clover has failed . when sowed on fresh plowed land, the failure being due doubtless to not having a compact seed bed. It must have a solid seed bed. It in- variably does well on corn ground if not cultivated too deep in the spring. It can be sown broadcast or with the drill, from 12 to 15 pounds to the acre if to be used for seed or pasture, but for hay twenty pounds should be sown, Hay. "It does not sprout from the root like alfalfa, but from the stem, therefore it should not be cut close to the ground. The hay should be cut when there is no dew on it, for it is a very succulent plant, and is more difficult to cure than alfalfa, and care must be used in properly curing it if the most is to be got out of it for feeding. The manner advisable is to let it wilt, then rake into windrows, to remain for a day, then put into coek to cure, Do not let it get too dry, as the leaves be. come very brittle, and in the hand- ling much of the best is lost. It must not be allowed to reach the woody stagé betore cutting, because in such stage its feeding value is. se- riously impaired, if not lost. It is just as necessary to understand its nature and habits as it is necessary to know that of other crops, and so know how to handle them. It should-be cut the second year at the time it begins to form bloom buds, about the middie of June in this latitude. When the hay is proper- ly cured I have found my stock as jhitious to eat it as the best alfalfa ay. "1 usually saved the second crop for seed. In harvesting, after try- ing the binder, I went back to the old self-rake reaper. / The best method--1-have found isto --eut--it about ten to twelve inches high, so that the crop rests on the stubble, and should it rain it soon dries. "In hauling it in I use a canvas to cover the waggon box and pack 80 as to save all the seed. "I thresh with the ordinary grain thresher, and then put it through the regular huller or clover mill. How to Handle. "The plan I usually follow," Mr. Linton continued, "is briefly this: I cut the grain at the usual time, the straw with the clover in it mak- ing excellent feed, Then 1 pas- ture the clover till fairly late, till' about the end of October. The next year I take two cuttings, one for hay and one for seed; let it grow up, and plow it under. 4 "Sweet clover will grow almost anywhere, On heavy clay to blow sand it thrives equally well, It is An easy starter, a prolific grower, and an abundant seeder. It defies drought, will thrive on wet lands, and grows in a very wide range of climates. = There is one thing that It must have, however, and that is. me, Some Experiments. "There are many new things I Would like to learn about this plant: Whether it is better plowed under or left to rot as a mulch? Just when - is the best time to cut it? Could you use it in a silo? Iam | A KRUPP GUN HERE, Captured German Gun To Be Exhib- ited At The Fair, Toronto, July 23.--Some idea of the dimensions and destructive pow- er of the captured German gun which the British War Office is loan- ing. to the fair as part of the war trophy exhibit, may be gleaned from the fact that for j of crating a box 16 feet long, 9 feet high an a box 16 feet long, 9 feet high and 8 feet wide was required. This is Just about the dimensions of the modern sized room of the average dwelling. : VI The Exhibition' e in in sending 4 infor- mation shat the gun is now on its way to Toronto writes that "of the hundreds of gung in | of the British this is the only one that is complete." When w be - he side «Pr RO ee experimenting with all these ques- tions exeept the latter." Here is an opportunity for the Agricultural Colege. The JOY. ernment supplies it with tiie money to carry on experiments for the benefit 'of the farmers, Up till few years ago the college staff con demned sweet clover as a weed. Do they still hold this view? It was farmer who found. this new clover)and itis the farmers who are carrying on the werk of intro. ducing and experimenting with it.-- Gordon Furrow. Friend Of The Farmer. After devoting a little study to the life and habits of the skunk, farmers are realizing that the animal is real- ly one of their best friends. Judged { by its climbing abllity the skunk is | not ap to the mark but climbing is nof the only test of merit. Insect the farmer loses much yearly from inseét pests. Army worms and wheat-head "worms cause heavy los- ses to grain every year andthe skunk makes short work of every one of these worms. White grubs in a corn field mean loss to the farm- er. Little holes bored in the ground beside the corn stalks show that the skunk has been hunting the white grubs and helping the farmer where he cannot help himself. The skunk loves grasshoppers -- and the farmer does: not; strawber- ries are possible because the skunk keeps the roots free from grubs; May beetles and June bugs come from the white grubs and are short- lived if skunks are around. Cut worms, erickets, sphinx moths, sweet potato beetles, Colorado, potato bugs, field mice and rats are tit-bits for the skunk. Nothing equals the skunk as a rat exterminator about barns. Tomato worms can not flourish with skunks around. Like Tray, the skunk has found in bad company; a few have caught chickens and .have had the good taste to like them and to keep on liking them. Because of that all skunks are condemned, Then of- ten take the blame for injury done by minks and weasels. These are ex- pert climbers but a skunk kills only what is found on the ground. He does clean out a beehive on short no- tice, but it can be elevated beyond his reach. » With The Chickens. A healthy pullet will not prolong the moulting "period beyond six weeks, but an old hen may take three of four months to change her feathers. i, Reduce the mations of the birds to hasten the mouit. A dust bath of ashes, plus a hand- ful of sulphur, will help to banish parasites. If fattening chickens are kept too lohg they go babk and nothing will make them as good again. Kill the fattened chickens at home --a journey reduces the weight of live ones. Remember that the bigger the tur- key the better the price per pound. Learn to pluck clean and use th shaping hoard. : Get rid of the mongrels. Spray The Cows. A sudden falling off in the milk supply at this time of yeéar is often caused by flies. - Cows must be con- tented, if they give their full yield, and if they have to fight all day they are sure to show the results of their annoyance at milking time. The best way to fight flies is with a spray pump 'and some suitable preparation. A carbolic acid or kerosene solution is effective, and is nps difficult to apply to cattle, It i$ often safer to buy some good pre- paration than to try to mix it your- self. There is some danger that the carbolic acid or coal tar solutions may be made so strong that the cat- tle will be burned, or so weak that they will not be effective against the ies. W. We beg arming to Poets. : to announce that the poem entitled . "War" sent ta this depart- 'ment by George Warrington Wither- Up 'has been referred.to the grand Jufy Mr. Witherup's attempt to as- sault us with the couplet-- =o more we pluck the raisin In the Valley of the Aisne, we régard as simply felonious and pacifists though we be decline to re- main non-resistants ig the face of such an outrage--N. T. Times. A -------------------- a { ! | 4 > a 4 Lamb, spring, by pests disappear before the skunk and | been | ---- ER FE gen Sane -- General view of the plants of huge quantities of munitions ordered by the Ll nd oT MARKETS 1 24. Da oie KINGSTON Kingston, July | Meats. Beef, local carcasses, 1b. Beef, hinds, 1b. .. Beef, cuts, 1b.... Beef, western, by carcase, 1b. ... 14 Hogs, live, cwt. .. ay 97 Hogs, dressed, 1b. . 14 L | 12 14 25 13 13 carcase, Ib Mutton, 1b. Veal, by carcase, quarter, Ib. Fish. Bloaters, doz. ..,. | Cod, steak, 1b. ... Eels, 1b. Haddock, fresh, 1b. Haddock, frozen, 1b Hahbut, fresh, Ib, Herring, fresh salt water, doz. Mackerel Pickerel, 1b. Kippers, dos. Perch, 1b. Pike, 1b. Rock-fish, 1b, .... Salmon, Saguenay, 1b Suckers, " ib. | Trout. salmon. Whita fish. 1h. Poultry. Chickens, dressed . ib 12 Chickens, live, 1b. Ducks, 1b. ..... Hens, dressed, 1b. Hens, live, Ib. ... Turkeys, 1b, 12 18 cree Dairy Products. Butter, creamery 1b. ~ Butter, prints, 1b. Butter, rolls 1b .. Cheese, old, 1b. ,. | Cheese, new, Ib. .. | Eggs, fresh, doz. . Fruit. Apricots, doz. ...: Bananas, doz, .., Cantelope : Cherries, basket . Cucumbers, each Figs, Ib. ... | Lemons, Messina, 80%. 1. incense Peaches, doz, ..,. Plums, doz. ...... Nuts. mixed, Ib, .. Oranges, doz. .... Tomatoes, 1b. .... Raspberries, red Raspberries, blue . Watermelgn, each Sn Vegetables. | Beets, bush, .....$ i Cabbage, new, 1b,. | Celery, bunch ... Lettuce, bunch,dos. Onions, green, bunches, dos. . Potatoes, bush. ;. Parsnips, bush. ... Rhubarb, bunch .. Turnips, bag .... Grain, Barley, bush. ....$ Brabh, ton....:.... Buckwheat, Lush. . Corn, yellow feed, bush. Corn, cracked ecwt. Corn, meal, cwt. . Flour, ewt, Hay, baled, ton .. Hay, lgose Oats, out "x Straw, baled, ton. Straw, loose, ton . Wheat, bush. Hides. Beef hides, cured, per Ib. Beef, hides, green, Ib, Heavy bulls, 1b, , 7 Veals, green, 1b. . Deacons, each .......... Tallow rendered in cal es. . Kips or grassers, Ib, Calf skins, per Ib. . .,.%.... Lamb and shearling, each .. Sheep skins, each, up to ..... Horse hides, each, up to .. 4c 12¢ 8¢ 12¢ 90c be 8¢ 16¢ 26¢ $2.00 +. $3.50 THE 'REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY. where a strike threatens Alligs. + . "i" Huddle together in nests or pens. rset ant ear a URC) For SELL BROILERS NOW, ROBOROR [Om Broilers or early spring chickens weighing about one ahd one-half to two pounds live weight, are in de- mand. Here, according to official? of the Wisconsin Poultry Association, are some points to consider in the feed- ing and selling of broilers. The top of the selling season is in {early July. Milk-fed broilers command the | best uniform prices and are worth it. Keep clean, fresh buttermilk or {¥kim "milk constantly before the | | fowls intended for market. Feed a | { wet mash of corn meal, bran, and | middlings at least twice daily. | It doesn't pay .the average Wis'! jconsin: farmer to keep broilers! closely confined for fattening. An open range is better. | The American breeds make the | best broilers, . Use only early hat- | i ched stock for broilers. If a good | | fair price cannot be obtained, hold | the fowls a few weeks and sell as | roasters when about four to four and | | one-half pounds in weight, | | Ship fowls in strong, roomy crates | { Wateh the market closely and ship | | In dozen lots if possible, "¥ } { { { Farmers, | Farmer's Advocate. | What's the use of weed-growing i | Are For You. on land worth $100 per acre? A paddock for. the bull will mean more and stronger calves, The stock farm's equipment is not | complete unless a solo is there. Summer silage and- soiling "crops | will soen be getting in thelr best | work. 3 } If you cannot keep the summer- | fallow. clean during the summer sow | buckwheat now. All signs point to very high priced meat, © The man Who has held on to | his breeding stock will win. Have you spudded out the last Canada thistle from the grain field | and upreoted the last dock from the meadow ? A clean farm, with good, comfor- table buildings and well-kept | grounds is more to be désired than much monéy in the bank. Free range on cultivated soil for | chicks improves the flock. The corn | field, after the corn is growing well, Is just the place. Spudding thistles is rather tedious | work. Nevertheless, it makes clean fields, and clean fields are a: first | step towards good farming. Only the farmer who has had to put up with €ity life, can fully ap- preciate the farm in June, or, for that matter, in any other month. * When The Hogs-- | Refuse to eat, or fail to come to | the feeding; Are stiff, gummy-eyed, and skinned; Are constipated 'and then j have | scours. ee a 4 4 : Have a temperature of above 104 | degrees; | "And die after ailing a few days-- | | They have cholera, and all hogs {on thé place which are in health | should be sold. All carcasses should | be burned, with all rubbish about! the lots and sties. The pens should | be cleaned and disinfected. The | | hogs should be. given clean, dry] | sleeping quarters and kept -out of | mud and filth. They should be | quarantined to prevent the spread of the disease to other farms. A eom- | Potent verterinarian should be call- ed in'at once to give the serum treat- {ment. The above is recommended | by the Veterinary Department of the | Wisconsin Experiment Station. { Midsummer. { Keep on cultivating and watefing | and make the latter heavy. | In sowing lettuce this late in the | year choose a shaded place. Rake up and destroy tops of early red- potatoes as soon as the digging is| done. ? Bagging grapes fruit of best quality. Cucumbers should be protected from squash bugs and blight. Use | slacked' lime and tobacco dust for | the purpose. { Cut cabbages instead of pulling | them and so get a growth of shoots | that are tender and delicious. Set eggs for late chickans. It { hatched in August they will do weil | before ¢old weather. | 'Spray the henhouse with coal | to kill lice and mites. Provide shade for 'are on range. ensures early oil chickens that to tie | manuring see t _.gtable | more common on the average farm than in former years, . This practice T | SIME VERY INTERESTING NOTE Don't use a scrub boar. Get 'the binder fixed up Give cows six to eight weeks' rest between lactation periods. Feed little or no corn to the brood SOW. Roxtail is the greatest enemy alfalfa. Feed heifers liberally and milk regularly. Hogs, beef and sheep prices are all remaining high. Raspberries made their first ap- pearance on the market here last week. ' Raise only the calves from cows with the large production of milk. Keep the pullets growing. of It is| 5 ll season. Give the grass a chance to grow up and go to seed. This will make a thicker turf next year. Silage is economical, On the same acreage two cattle may be fed where one could be if it were in pasture. There is little or no waste in feeding i MD, | it. { Calves never thrive when subject | to intense | them comfortably during the day in heat and flies--house a cool,'darkened stable, but do net | neglect to keep them elean. There are over 300 Farmers' | Clubs in Ontario. the | It will pay to build a silo this year. as rough feed is going to be | scarce, Keep the chicks growing. Early the early maturing hen that makes |laying pullets are valuable. the winter layer. Things are looking greener after last week's rain, but it was just three weeks too late, The fall wheat in many sections wiN soon be ready to cut. There | Milk your | Spray your potatoes to kiill {bugs and the blight. Keep the seed pods off the rHub- arb or it will become tough. cows regularly, and weigh the output from each animal the should be a fair yield of bath straw daily, and grain, Sour cherries are now quite plen® tiful on the Toronto market, and prices accordingly are rather low. To find the number of tons hay in a barn multiply the length, | width dnd height of the mow in feet and divide the result by 400. To. get the full value out of green under is really green, woodier it is the less suitable. There are too many poor separators in this country. cream Let a ing. ; Your cows should be bred only to a pure-bred registered bull, whose family has a large buttersfat record. With blueberries selling at sixteen cents 'a box, It might Wot be'a had idea to cultivate this fruit. All garden stuff owing to the re cent dry weather, will be scarce this. year. Early. cabhages and potatoes suffered severely. Have you the brn cleaned out ready for the grain? In some sections the harvest will be ip this month, Do not cut the lawn any more this ------------, Disinfectants In The Stable, The use of disinfectants in the is happily becoming much should become still more general, In faet, the emergency medicine chest | on every farm should be supplied With a suitable disinfectant which will serve either as a germicide oran nsectioide,. One of i the standard coal tar dips and disinfectants is most suitable for this purpose for the, reason that these preparations are standardized and must be up to the Government requirements, This is a will give the same results in use at all times, which: fact, in addition to their convenience and safety, makes them peculiarly adapted to fill the need for which they are specially manufactured. Too often the use of such disinfec- tants is limited ta the combating of insect pests. If the sheep are in- fested with ticks or the hogs or oth er; stock with lice, the average farm- er worthy of the name will take steps to eradicate them by using a suitable insecticide. The chances are that the same disinfectant may be quite as profitably used on the same farm as a germicide, but the farmer Is far lees apt to use it, as the need does not appeal to him until the time for effective disinfection has passed. Many. a valuable colt might have been saved had the dam's stall bean suitably disinfected before she foal- ed, thus forestalling the dreadod na- vel infection. = Many a calf might be started more thriftily on the road to baby beef by proper disinfection Of pens and stables. And besides the saving of loss from the spreading' of Infections. diseases among the live stock the use of a disinfectant 'will generally prevent the serious infeec- tion of wounds in accident and emer- | gency cases and is an invaluable safeguard jin performing the minor surgery inpfdept to the conduct of every farm. In fact, there are so many uses Black Sweet. Cher Cantaloupes =. . . . i 11 Phone 'Woman Can Have Every Woma on av of | | m | winter supply now. t Give your bull exercise by supply- ing him with a run. It is time the Canadian thisties be | spudded out of the grain. The price of beef is rising. ' The an who kept his breeding stock is he one who will make the money. | ~The United States apple crop this | year will be about 60 per cent. of t hat the stuff plowed | that of last season. | The riper and | To get white caulifiower tie the | leaves over the head as soon as the | head is formed. | B { pail a skim milk stand over night | versity of Wisconsin land see the cream on it in the 'morn- a xperiments conducted at the Uni- have ' proven that silage in summer has about the same feeding value as soiling crops. {| To break up a clucker set her iu a box with a wire floor and hang hes up in a place where the air blows { underneath. | Breed heifers to drop their first | calves at 24 to 50 months of age, | Give cows six to eight weeks' rest be- | tween lactation periods. { It is not too late to plant melons, | cucumbers or pumpkins, but only | the early varieties should be sown. | Mil feeds can usually be purchas- | ed cheaper in the summer. Buy your -- | [for an efficient and cheap disinfect: | ant about the stable, that nb farmer |can afford to be without some sudh preparation, especially "during the hot summer season, when germ life abounds.--Michigan Farmer, New Kind of Stone. { Charles M. Schwab, the United States 'Steel King," who has placed the Bethlehem Steel Works at the | disposal of France, is by no means {above a joke, & characteristic which | dates from his early school days. | It is recorded that one day his | school master asked the scholars to guarantee that these preparations "ring specimens of * various stones to the class in geology for him to | describe them to them. Young Schwab, thinking to have a joke at the expense of the teach- er, brought half a brick and laid it with an air of = wogk innocence among the other specimens. "The master took up the specimens one by one. - "This," hé sald, "1s a piece of feldspar from the - cross- roads. This is a piece of marl from the meadow. This is a plece of ar glllaceous sandstone from the quar- r¥. And this" he pansed, and his voice changed ominously--' "is a piece of impertinence from Charles Schwab!" Ancestry Of The Hen. Darwin believed that our domestic fowls are descended from the Jungle fowls of India. As other autheri- ties have sometimes disputed his view, the sigtement of Charles Wil- liam Beebe, curator of oraitholigy, at the New York zoological park, is especially interesting: "After study- ing all four species of feral Gallus in their native haunts as well as many examples of natural and arti- ficial hybridizing and reviewing the evidence from all points of view 1 can find no reason to attribute the ancestry 'of. all varieties of our do- mestic fowls to other than the red Jungle fowl in Indta." . : ------ nbn Truth is stranger than fiction be- cause there's less on the market. he New York Fruit Store Red Chegries, 11 quart baskets ...... , 31 quart baskets . Be each for 25¢c and 4 for 25¢ + 10¢ a Ib, 1405